水文地質(zhì)與工程地質(zhì)常見的專業(yè)英語詞匯-

1、水文地質(zhì)與工程地質(zhì)常見的專業(yè)英語詞匯(勘察報(bào)告類水文地質(zhì)類孔隙水:pore water裂隙水:crevice-water;fracture water抽水試驗(yàn):pumping test壓水試驗(yàn):water pressure testHydraulic pressure test注水試驗(yàn):water injection test滲透系數(shù):coefficient of permeability包氣帶:zone of aeration上層滯水:perched water潛水:phreatic water承壓水:confined water含水層:aquifer地下水侵蝕性:groundwater e

2、rosion降排水工程:dewatering and drainage engineering多孔介質(zhì):porous medium水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn):water quality standard地下水水質(zhì):quality of the groundwater流域:valley, basin地下水groundwater地下水流域 groundwater catchment地下水條件;地下水情況groundwater condition地下水連通實(shí)驗(yàn)groundwater connectivity test地下水量枯竭groundwater depletion地下水流量;地下水溢流groundwater d

3、ischarge地下水分水嶺 groundwater divide地下水排水工程groundwater drainage works地下水流向groundwater flow direction地下水位groundwater level地下水監(jiān)測groundwater monitoring地下水污染groundwater pollution地下水水壓測試groundwater pressure measurement 地下水體系groundwater regime地下水位groundwater table地下水位變動(dòng)groundwater table fluctuation工程地質(zhì)類原位測試:

4、in-situ tests巖土工程勘察報(bào)告:geotechnical investigation report 不良地質(zhì)作用:adverse geologic action 巖土參數(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值:standard value ofgeotechnical parameter土工試驗(yàn):soil engineering tests現(xiàn)場檢驗(yàn):in-situ inspection現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測:in-situ monitoring工程地質(zhì)測繪:engineering geological mapping地基土:foundation soil巖土層:layer,stratum (復(fù)strata地基承載力特征值:ch

5、aracteristic value ofsubgrade bearing地基變形允許值:allowable subsoil deformation地基處理:ground treatment復(fù)合地基:composite foundation承載力:bearing capacity持力層:bearing stratum樁:pile承臺:pilecap鉆孔灌注樁:drilled concreting piles人工挖孔樁:hand-excavated hole piles(artificial hole piles沉管灌注樁:driven cast-in-place pile深層攪拌樁: deep

6、 mixing method預(yù)制樁:pretesting piles靜壓樁:static-driving pile (Jack Up Pile高壓旋噴灌注:high-pressure rotary grouting樁基礎(chǔ):pile foundation樁土承臺:pile-soil-pilecap動(dòng)力觸探:dynamic sounding標(biāo)準(zhǔn)貫入試驗(yàn):SPT (standard penetration technique 土釘:soil Nailing地質(zhì)災(zāi)害:geological hazards地裂縫:ground fissure管涌:piping泥石流:mud-rock flow滑坡:lan

7、dslide指標(biāo):index (復(fù)indexes或indices地震烈度:seismic intensity; earthquake intensity地震基本烈度:basic seismic intensity場地卓越周期:site predominant period建筑場地類型:site classification for construction 剪切波速:equivalent velocity of shear wave 靜力觸探:static cone penetration test剪切波速測試:measurement of sheer-wave velocity 液化:liq

8、uefaction地震影響:earthquake effects 地下水對混凝土無侵蝕性:the groundwater has little erosion to reinforced concrete 邊坡:slope 錨固:anchoring 階地:terrace 巖溶區(qū):karst area 淤泥:sludge (muck 風(fēng)化:weather 沖積:alluvial (.adj. 殘積土:residual soil填土:fill人工雜填土:artificial mixed fills 粉土:silt. 粉砂:silty sand 細(xì)砂:fine sand 粗砂:coarse sand

9、 礫石:gravel 卵石:cobble 漂石:block海相粘土:marine clay顆粒級配:grain size distribution 濕度:soil moisture 塑限:plastic limit 粘聚力:cohesion塑性指數(shù):plasticity index物理力學(xué)指標(biāo):physical and mechanical indices 抗剪強(qiáng)度:shear strength巖石抗壓強(qiáng)度:comprehensive strength of rock 地基加固:ground stabilization 土壤加固:soil stabilization 擋土墻:retaining

10、 wall 脹-縮:swell-shrink 敏感性:susceptibility膨脹靈敏度:swell sensitivity 超固結(jié)土:overconsolidated clay翻譯常用英語單詞闡述:is presented; statement; be discussed 闡明:expound 涉及:deal with揭示:discover; show; exhibit得出結(jié)論:draw a conclusion from;(或:come to a conclusion 認(rèn)為:firmly believe 建議:suggest 值:value性質(zhì):properties, characte

11、ristics 厚度:thickness在論文最后:at the end of the thesis 斷定:conclude that- 數(shù)量:quantity確定:determine擬建:a structure planning to build 證實(shí):confirm 住宅樓:dwelling綜合辦公樓:composite office building 小區(qū):district達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn):come up to the standards 選擇為:be chosen for 核實(shí):make sure 統(tǒng)計(jì):statistics (n統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字:statistical figure防治對策:prev

12、ention strategic measure 水量豐富:rich in water resources 組分:constituent結(jié)果:as a consequence 引起:give rise to地質(zhì)類詞匯巖漿巖:igneous rock變質(zhì)巖:metamorphic rock 沉積巖:sedimentary 白云巖:dolomite白云質(zhì)灰?guī)r:dolomitic limestone 凝灰?guī)r:tuff 安山巖:andesite 花崗巖:granite 玄武巖:basalt泥巖:mudstone硅質(zhì)頁巖:siliceous shale 板巖:slate(巖層走向:strike(巖層傾角

13、:dip angle(巖層產(chǎn)狀:strike-dip(區(qū)域地質(zhì)構(gòu)造:tectogenesistectonic movement 構(gòu)造活動(dòng)性:tectonic activity張節(jié)理:tension joint活斷層:active fault地裂縫:ground fissure粘土礦物:clay mineral 路橋基勘察:墩:pier橋墩:reinforced concrete bridge piers高速公路:express highway,expressway 國道:national way路基:roadbed路線:route路段:a section of a highway中華人民共和國

14、國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB/T 1415793水文地質(zhì)術(shù)語Hydrogeologic terminology水文地質(zhì)學(xué)hydrogeology水文地質(zhì)學(xué)原理(普通水文地質(zhì)學(xué)principles of hydrogeology(general hydrogeology地下水動(dòng)力學(xué)groundwater dynamics水文地球化學(xué)hydrogeochemistry專門水文地質(zhì)學(xué)applied hydrogeology供水水文地質(zhì)學(xué)water supply hydrogeology礦床水文地質(zhì)學(xué)mine hydrogeology土壤改良水文地質(zhì)學(xué)reclamation hydrogeology環(huán)境水文地質(zhì)學(xué)environmental hydrogeology同位素水文地質(zhì)學(xué)isotopic hydrogeology區(qū)域水文地質(zhì)學(xué)regional hydrogeology古水