高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法名詞和練習(xí)題

1、名詞（一） 可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞1 什么是不可數(shù)名詞？ 1）物質(zhì)名詞 glass, tea2）抽象名詞 beauty, youth3) 科學(xué)名稱 physics, maths練習(xí)：找出不可數(shù)名詞boot tear knowledge money wood chicken musichomework bread blood dress news milk dustman2不可數(shù)名詞變成可數(shù)名詞1）詞義發(fā)生改變timetimes work-works woodwoods sandsandsclothclothes glassglasses2) 加量詞a glass of water , two p

2、ieces of paper練習(xí)；填入恰當(dāng)?shù)牧吭~a _ of good news (條)a _ of trousers (條)a _ of advice ( 條)a _ of coffee (杯 )a _ of oil (滴)a _ of matches (盒)a _ of glasses (副)a _ of ink (瓶)a _ of tea (壺)two _ of fish (盤)three _ of rice (袋)six _ of clothes (套)（二）可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成A. 規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成法例詞一般情況在詞尾加_Desk-desks以_ _ _ _結(jié)尾加 _Bus -buses以

3、_ 結(jié)尾的加_Face-faces以輔音+_結(jié)尾，變_為_加 _Baby-babies以輔音+ _結(jié)尾加_Tomoto-tomatoes以元音+ _結(jié)尾加_Radio -radios以_或_結(jié)尾，變_/_ 為_, 加 _Life-lives練習(xí)：寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。1）shoe 2) orange 3) eye 4) month 5) fox 6) match 7) city 8) class9) family 10) country 11) boy 12) key13) leaf 14) thief 15)hero 16)photoB. 不規(guī)則變化1. 單復(fù)同形deer sheep fi

4、sh Chinese Japanese means2. 只有復(fù)數(shù)形式people police cattle clothes trousers, glasses3. 不規(guī)則變化man- men woman- women foot - feet tooth-teethmouse -mice child-children German-Germans4. 復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)1) 將后一部分變成復(fù)數(shù) Englishman-Englishmen gentleman-gentlemen policewoman-policewomen grown-up-grown-ups 2) 將主要成分變成復(fù)數(shù)looker

5、-on-lookers-on son-in-law-sons-in-law 3) 如果前一詞是man, woman，將兩部分都變成復(fù)數(shù)men doctors women singers練習(xí)：roof_ woman driver_ step-mother_sheep _ Japanese _sister-in-law_（二） 名詞所有格1. 表示有生命的東西的名詞，所有格在名詞后加sMr Lis house The cats food James dog The dogs food2. 表示無(wú)生命的東西的名詞，用of+名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示The leg of the desk the cover o

6、f the magazine3. 在時(shí)間，距離，度量，價(jià)值等名詞后，可用名詞所有格。Two months time Todays newspaper fifty pounds weight4. 表示店鋪或某人的家時(shí)，常在所有格后省去shop, home.The doctors the tailors my uncles the barbers5. 名詞前有冠詞，數(shù)詞，不定代詞或指示代詞時(shí)，用of詞組+所有格表示a friend of Johns that bike of Toms6. 某樣?xùn)|西為兩人或多人共有，在后一個(gè)名詞尾+s .Jane and Freds mother Janes and

7、 Freds motherTom and Tims car Toms and Tims car（三） 名詞的用法名詞在句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)等。1 The story is very interesting. ( )2 I am drawing a picture. ( )3 My brother is a doctor. ( )（四） 主謂一致1. 主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。He is a student. We are students.2. and 連接兩個(gè)名詞，看有無(wú)the.The professor and writer is going to give us

8、a lecture of writing.The professor and the writer are going to our school.3. A number of和The number of后的謂語(yǔ)。The number of people was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.4. 主語(yǔ)單數(shù)+ with/as well as/ but/except/besides/including +謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)主語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù)+ with/as well as/ but/except/besides/incl

9、uding +謂語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù)A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.Nobody but your parents knows about it.All the teachers as well as the students were invited to the party. 5. 有些名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式作為一個(gè)整體，(如度量，距離，金額，時(shí)間，書名等）其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Two weeks _(be ) not enough to finish the work .1000 dollars _(be )

10、 a large amount of money.6. There be 句型就近原則。There _ a pair of glasses on the desk.There _ two patients and a nurse in the hospital.There _ a nurse and two patients in the hospital.7. 某些集體名詞，如family ,team 等做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，若當(dāng)一個(gè)整體看，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用單數(shù)，若就其中一個(gè)一個(gè)成員來(lái)看，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)，class , club, audience ,committee , crowd , governm

11、ent , party, public , team 等。其中population 的用法也類似His family _(be) a happy family.They whole family _(be) having lunch. The population of China _(be)very large.All the world _(be) waiting for the good news.8. 成雙成對(duì)構(gòu)成的東西，如glasses, shoes, chopsticks, scissors等作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但與a pair一起構(gòu)成作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。9each

12、, every+名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。Each boy and girl _ (want) to serve the people in the future.10以 either or , neither nor , not only but also ，notbut等連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)按照就近原則。Either you or he _(be) to go .Not only he but also I _(be) wrong .Neither the children nor the teacher _ (know) anything about it.11. 幾分之幾/。

13、百分之幾+of +名詞單數(shù) + 謂語(yǔ)單數(shù) 幾分之幾/。百分之幾+of +名詞復(fù)數(shù) + 謂語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù)Three-fifths of money _ (have) been used up.Two thirds of the students _ (be) girl students.70% of the earth surface _ (be) covered by water.12. one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +謂語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù) the only/the very one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)He is one of the boys that have passed the maths tes

14、t.She is the only one of the girls who has finished reading in time.（五） 基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)1. In his speech, he gave us _ on how to learn a foreign language.A. some advice B. some advices C. several advices D. an advice2. Thank you very much for giving us _ on this matter.A. these informations B. so many informati

15、onsC. an information D. so much information3. -Where did you have your supper? - _.A. With my sister B. At my sister C. At my sister home D. At my sisters4. She is from _. She is _.A. Germany; a Germany B. German; A GermanyC. the Germany; German D. Germany; a German5. He bought a _ of trousers. They

16、 were expensive.A. piece B. set C. pair D. pile6. The town is about _ ride form here. You ought to start, right away.A. two hour B. two hours C. two hours D. two-hours7. A _ of money has been spent on the building.A. great deal B. good many C. plenty D. great number8. _ been made in science since th

17、en.A. A great progress has B. Great progresses haveC. Great progress has D. Many progresses have9. We must help _.A. a blind B. the blind C. people D. the people blind10. The great writer and solider _.A. is an old man B. are both old men C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese11. At pr

18、esent Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all.A. is B. are C. being D. was 12. This is not my dictionary. It is _.A. Mary B. Marys C. of Mary D. the book of Mary13. There are twenty _and forty nurses in the hospital.A. women doctors B. woman doctors C. women doctor D. woman doctor14. _

19、 came to our school yesterday.A. The Williams B. The Williams C. Williams D. The William15. Twenty miles _ a long way to walk.A. are B. is C. has been D. be（六）提高練習(xí)1. The whole class _ greatly moved at his words.A. is B. had C. were D. was2. The glasses _ mine. That pair of glasses _ my brothers.A. a

20、re; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is3. Many a student _ something about Abraham Lincoln.A. have known B. knows C. is known D. are known 4. Half of the visitors _ from Europe. Half of the fruit _ bad.A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are5. Each of the footballers _ over 150 pounds.A. weigh B

21、. weighs C. weights D. were weighing6. The singer and pianist _ asked to make a speech at the meeting yesterday.A. is B. was C. are D. were 7. Stories of the Long March _ popular with the young people now.A. is B. was C. are D. were8. There _ a lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep _

22、up.A. were; it B. are; them C. was; it D. is; them9. Mayor as well as volunteer workers _ the newly-built stadium.A. is cleaning B. are cleaning C. were cleaning D. have cleaned10. Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _good painters.A. are.are B. am.are C. is.is D. are.is11.

23、 Either you or the president _ the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting.A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are handing out D. is to hand out12. More than 60 percent of worlds radio programs _ in English.A. is B. was C. are D. be13. The wounded _ good care of here now.A. is taking B. are taking C. are being taken D. is taken14.One sixth of our classmates _ from peasant families. One fifth of her time _ devoted to writing.A. comes; is B.come; are C. come; is D.