“it”用法總結(jié)(經(jīng)典版)[全國(guó)通用]

1、2021/4/212021/4/22 1.it作人稱(chēng)代詞作人稱(chēng)代詞1.1.it的最基本用法是作人稱(chēng)代詞，主要指剛提到的最基本用法是作人稱(chēng)代詞，主要指剛提到 的事物，以避免重復(fù)的事物，以避免重復(fù):Ningbo is a beautiful city, isnt it?1.2.也可以指動(dòng)物或嬰兒也可以指動(dòng)物或嬰兒(未知性別的嬰兒或孩子未知性別的嬰兒或孩子): Is this your dog？No, it isnt.1.3.也可指抽象事物也可指抽象事物: It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that 2021/4/232.非

2、人稱(chēng)代詞非人稱(chēng)代詞itit有時(shí)并不指具體的東西，而泛指天氣、時(shí)間、環(huán)境等，有時(shí)并不指具體的東西，而泛指天氣、時(shí)間、環(huán)境等，稱(chēng)為非人稱(chēng)的稱(chēng)為非人稱(chēng)的it：2.1.指天氣：指天氣：It is a lovely day, isnt it?It is a bit windy.2.2.指時(shí)間指時(shí)間:It was nearly midnight when she came back.2.3.指環(huán)境指環(huán)境:It was very quiet in the caf.2.4.指距離：指距離：It is half an hours walk to the city centre. 2021/4/24.引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞

3、it1. It is + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that . 使用該句型有以下幾點(diǎn)請(qǐng)注意：使用該句型有以下幾點(diǎn)請(qǐng)注意： 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的謂語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的謂語(yǔ)is或或was永遠(yuǎn)用單數(shù)永遠(yuǎn)用單數(shù). It was yesterday that I met your father in the street不管被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是哪種狀語(yǔ)，只能用不管被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是哪種狀語(yǔ)，只能用that連接，不得使用連接，不得使用where、when等連詞等連詞. It was in the street that I met your father yesterday2021/4/25被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人時(shí)，可用被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人時(shí)，可用wh

4、o(主格或賓格主格或賓格)和和whom(賓格賓格)代替代替that，用，用that也行。也行。It was your father that/whom /who I met in the street yesterday2) It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday強(qiáng)調(diào)句中強(qiáng)調(diào)句中 也要注意主謂一致、人稱(chēng)一致和否定轉(zhuǎn)也要注意主謂一致、人稱(chēng)一致和否定轉(zhuǎn)移的問(wèn)題。移的問(wèn)題。It is they who are our friends1)It was not until ten oclock that we got home

5、last night2021/4/26注意不要混淆強(qiáng)調(diào)句和其他從句。It is wasthat為強(qiáng)調(diào)句標(biāo)志，去掉后仍可組成一個(gè)完整的句子，只是沒(méi)被強(qiáng)調(diào),而其他從句一般不具備這一特征。比較： 1) It was ten oclock when we got home last night我們昨晚到家時(shí)已十點(diǎn)了。2) It was at ten oclock that we got home last night我們昨晚是在十點(diǎn)到家的。要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)拔第一句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，when不可改為that,因?yàn)槿サ鬷t was和that后，只能組成“We got home ten oclock last night”

6、這樣一個(gè)不完整的句子；第二句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，that不可改為when2021/4/272. It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that . 該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間狀該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，譯成漢語(yǔ)直到才，可語(yǔ)，譯成漢語(yǔ)直到才，可以說(shuō)是以說(shuō)是 not . until . 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark

7、glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 2021/4/283. it 用作形式主語(yǔ)用作形式主語(yǔ)3.1 代替主語(yǔ)從句代替主語(yǔ)從句1）It is + adj. +that從句從句 It is clear ( obvious， true， possible certain.) that . “清楚（顯然，真的，肯定）清楚（顯然，真的，肯定）”It is very clear th

8、at hes round and tall like a tree. . It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural.) that . that 后的從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（后的從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以省去，建議記住該句型中的形容詞?？梢允∪?，建議記住該句型中的形容詞。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. 2021/4/29 2）.It is +v-ed +that 從句從句 It is said (report

9、ed， learned.) that . 據(jù)說(shuō)（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉）據(jù)說(shuō)（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉）“。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. . It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded. ) that . 主句中的過(guò)去分詞是表示請(qǐng)求，建議，命令等詞時(shí)，主句中的過(guò)去分詞是表示請(qǐng)求，建議，命令等詞時(shí)，that后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以??；常譯為可以??；常譯為“據(jù)建議；有命令）據(jù)建議；有命令） It is suggested t

10、hat the meeting ( should ) be put off. 2021/4/2103）. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . that后的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（后的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），動(dòng)詞原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常譯為可省去表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然竟然”。沒(méi)有。沒(méi)有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. It is a pity that he is ill

11、. 2021/4/2114). It is time ( about time ，high time ) that . 該句型中該句型中that 后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，值得注意的是后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，值得注意的是常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬常譯為是（正是）的時(shí)常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬常譯為是（正是）的時(shí)侯侯 It is time that children went to bed. It is the first ( second . ) time that . “是第一（二）次是第一（二）次”。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is th

12、e first time I have been here. 2021/4/2125). It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that. 該句型中該句型中it是形式主語(yǔ)，是形式主語(yǔ)，that 引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，主句引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，主句中的中的happen ， seem等詞是不及物動(dòng)詞。等詞是不及物動(dòng)詞。 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧碰巧. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看看來(lái)來(lái)2021/4

13、/2133.2.作形式主語(yǔ)替代不定式作形式主語(yǔ)替代不定式 1). It takes sb. . to do sth. 做要花費(fèi)某人做要花費(fèi)某人 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 2). It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語(yǔ)特征的形容詞。主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語(yǔ)特征的形容詞。 常見(jiàn)的有：常見(jiàn)的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ，stupid ， wise wro

14、ng等。等。 這個(gè)句型可以改寫(xiě)為：這個(gè)句型可以改寫(xiě)為：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. 3). It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 常見(jiàn)的形容詞有：常見(jiàn)的形容詞有： important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ，common ，normal ，hard ， difficult ,dangerous ， 等。等。 在在中的形容詞作表語(yǔ)可以用從句改寫(xiě)，中的形容詞作表語(yǔ)可以用從句改寫(xiě)， 如：如：

15、 It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party. 2021/4/214It is no good (use ) doing sth. 該句型中的真正主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，主句中的表該句型中的真正主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，主句中的表語(yǔ)可以是語(yǔ)可以是no good ， ( not any good ) ， no use ， ( not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking En

16、glish. Its useless trying to argue with Shylock. 3.3.作形式主語(yǔ)替代ing形式 2021/4/2154. It 作形式賓語(yǔ)作形式賓語(yǔ). We think it important to learn a foreign language. 該句型中的該句型中的it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，為了記憶方便我們可稱(chēng)該句型作形式賓語(yǔ)，為了記憶方便我們可稱(chēng)該句型為為6123結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)。 6指主句中常用的動(dòng)詞：指主句中常用的動(dòng)詞：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel； 1指的是形式賓語(yǔ)指的是形式賓語(yǔ)it； 2指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形

17、容詞或名詞；指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞； 3指的是真正賓語(yǔ)的三種形式：不定式短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)指的是真正賓語(yǔ)的三種形式：不定式短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或或that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.2021/4/216五、特殊句型五、特殊句型1). It is .

18、since .。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died. 2). It is . when .。 “當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，是當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，是” It was 5 oclock when he came here. 3). It be . before . 該句型主句中的該句型主句中的 it 指時(shí)間，指時(shí)間， 主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是一般將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是一般將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)主句中的表語(yǔ)多是時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)主句中的表語(yǔ)多是long， not long ， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語(yǔ)，常譯為等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語(yǔ)，常譯為“

19、之后之后”。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job. 2021/4/2174）. It looks ( seems ) as if . 該句型中該句型中it無(wú)意義，無(wú)意義， as if 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。常譯引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。常譯為，看起來(lái)好象如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛為，看起來(lái)好象如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。擬語(yǔ)氣。 It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）（真的病了） It looks as if he were ill. （沒(méi)有生?。](méi)有生?。?It seemed as if he were dying5）. It doesnt matter whether ( if ) . 該句型中該句型中whether(if) 引導(dǎo)的從句是真正主語(yǔ)，該句型常引導(dǎo)的從句是真正主