過(guò)去完成時(shí)語(yǔ)法備課講義

1、第一章 動(dòng)詞之時(shí)態(tài) 第三節(jié) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)教學(xué)時(shí)間：2課時(shí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)：通過(guò)本次課的學(xué)習(xí)，使學(xué)生理解過(guò)去完成時(shí)的形式意義，明白一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別，并能寫(xiě)出結(jié)構(gòu)語(yǔ)法正確的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的意義和與一般過(guò)去式的區(qū)別。 教學(xué)步驟：一. 導(dǎo)入Ø 回顧現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的意義：過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或從過(guò)去開(kāi)始發(fā)生一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，著眼點(diǎn)為現(xiàn)在。二. 講解1). 過(guò)去完成時(shí)的形式和意義回顧：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： 主語(yǔ) + do/does 或 be一般過(guò)去時(shí)： 主語(yǔ) + did或 was/were現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： 主語(yǔ) + have/has + done過(guò)去完成時(shí)： 主語(yǔ) + had

2、+ done課堂練習(xí)1：劃線(xiàn)識(shí)別題（劃出下列過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法）1. I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.2. She had left before her parents arrived.3. We had learned English for 5years by the end of last month.過(guò)去完成時(shí)的意義：引例句： 他們?nèi)ツ杲Y(jié)婚了。 They got married last year. 截止到去年他們已經(jīng)戀愛(ài)五年了。 They had been in love for fi

3、ve years by last year.過(guò)去完成時(shí)的意義:當(dāng)表示過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前就已經(jīng)完成的一動(dòng)作即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”時(shí)，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 用法：1. 截止到上個(gè)月，我就已經(jīng)學(xué)了5000單詞了。I had learned 5000 thousand words by the end of last month.介詞by + 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的短語(yǔ)或句子，表示在之前。By the end of last week, he had wrriten ten books.By the time he was ten, he had made a lot of money.2. 她說(shuō)她已經(jīng)吃過(guò)早飯了。She

4、 said she had had breakfast.過(guò)去完成時(shí)常常用在told, said, knew, thought等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句中，這時(shí)從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句表示的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作之前。練習(xí)：She said she _ (see) the film before.He asked where_(go) during the summer vacationTom 告訴我他已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了。 Tom told me that he had left.我以為他已經(jīng)告訴你了。 I thought he had told you.3. 當(dāng)我到電影院的時(shí)候，電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始五分鐘了。The movie ha

5、d been on for five minutes when I got to the cinema.狀語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，而主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在此動(dòng)作之前，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)（通常由before， after， when 來(lái)引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句）。例句： 當(dāng)我到電影院的時(shí)候，電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始五分鐘了。The movie had been on for five minutes before I got to the cinema. 上周日是母親節(jié)，tom想讓他媽媽高興，幫他媽媽做了好多事，并給媽媽寫(xiě)了一封信，幫Tom完成這封信。 Mum, you love me so much, but I always

6、make you unhappy. Now I know I was wrong. Ill try my best to make you happy.     I hadwhen you           before you/I         by last night.  I. . .  because you had   &#

7、160;      after you hadMum, Id like to do everything if you want me to do. Ive grown up and Ill be a good son, believe me!一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別區(qū)別：1. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去的某一個(gè)動(dòng)作。2. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)指在過(guò)去某一個(gè)動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。引例句：引例句：要把大象裝冰箱，總共分幾步？ 1. open the fridge2. put the elephant into the fidge3. close the frid

8、ge 用過(guò)去完成時(shí)把每?jī)刹竭B成一個(gè)句子。課堂練習(xí)：翻譯句子。他昨晚十點(diǎn)已經(jīng)睡覺(jué)了。He had gone to bed at 10:00 last night.正解：He went to bed at 10:00 last night.注意：1. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為過(guò)去某一特定的時(shí)間，而過(guò)去完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的過(guò)去。2.除非從談話(huà)的先后關(guān)系和上下文先后關(guān)系對(duì)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作完成的基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)可以確定以后，應(yīng)當(dāng)避免在簡(jiǎn)單句中用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。選擇題。1. A girl the wallet and .A. Found; turns it in B. would find; has turned it in C.

9、 found; turned it in D. has found; turned in it 2. The film when I to the cinema.A. has begun; get B. had begun; gotC. has been on; get D. had been on; got3. He in Shanghai University for four years before he Beijing. A. studied, had gone     B. had studied, went C. has studied, goes      D. had studied, had gone三 總結(jié)Ø 本課內(nèi)容重點(diǎn)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的意義：表示過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前就已經(jīng)完成的一動(dòng)作即