英語(yǔ)_現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1、 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)定義：定義： 表示某動(dòng)作從表示某動(dòng)作從_開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到_，并，并將持續(xù)下去，常和表示將持續(xù)下去，常和表示_的狀語(yǔ)連用。的狀語(yǔ)連用。構(gòu)成構(gòu)成肯定句：主語(yǔ)肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has been + 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞ing +.否定句：主語(yǔ)否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has +not +been +動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞ing +. 一般疑問(wèn)句：助動(dòng)詞一般疑問(wèn)句：助動(dòng)詞have/has+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ been+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞ing？時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): 1. for + _ 2. since + _ 3. since + _過(guò)去過(guò)去現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句

2、子一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)用用 for或或since填空填空1. I have been practicing my oral English _ 10:30.2. Mary has been running _ 15 minutes.3. Sarah has been sleeping _ 9:00.4. Dale has been talking on the phone _5 minutes.sinceforsincefor5.Louie has been studying Chinese _ he was 6 years old.6.I have been watchi

3、ng you _10 minutes.sincefor( )1. Ive been skating _ three hours today.A. about B. forC. since( )2. Weve been studying English _ two years ago.A. for B. fromC. since考點(diǎn)單選題考點(diǎn)單選題( )3. She started skating _ 9 oclock.A. for B. at C. since( )4. Sam _ collecting shells for five years.A. isB. started C. has

4、been( )5. How long have you _ today?A. swimming B. been swimming C. started swimming6. My mother has _ Chinese for two years. A. taughtBbeen teachingC. been taught D. is going to teach7. is the meeting going to last? About twenty minutes. A. How far B. How soon C. How long D. How often 8. I have bee

5、n skating _ two hours.A. in B. at C. for D. since 9. If I _ enough money, I _ a hospital for SARS patients. A. will have, build B. will have, will build C. have, will build D. have, build10. Hes been collecting shells _ he was ten years old. A. when B. while C. and D. since 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)含義現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)含義1。表過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)

6、作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。表過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。2.表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也可以表示實(shí)質(zhì)可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。通常和可以表示實(shí)質(zhì)可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。通常和 _引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.以及以及 so far, by now, these days, in the last ten years 等連用。等連用。for（段時(shí)間）（段時(shí)間）, since（點(diǎn)時(shí)間）（點(diǎn)時(shí)間）,How long 通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞_等狀語(yǔ)連用等狀語(yǔ)連用just（剛剛）

7、（剛剛）, already（已經(jīng)）（已經(jīng)）, before, never, ever, yet動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：規(guī)則變化（和過(guò)去時(shí)一樣）動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：規(guī)則變化（和過(guò)去時(shí)一樣） 不規(guī)則變化：見(jiàn)表。不規(guī)則變化：見(jiàn)表。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞have（has）+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成構(gòu)成請(qǐng)把下列屬于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子改成否定句，一般疑問(wèn)句，作肯否定回答。 1.He _ already _(do) the job. 否定：He _ the job _.一般疑問(wèn)：_ he _ the job _?肯定否定：Yes, he _./ No, he _. 2.Theyve been in C

8、hina for 5 years.就劃線部分提問(wèn)：How long have they been in Chinahasdonehasnt doneyetHasdoneyethashasnt現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型1。表過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。表過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 我剛洗過(guò)衣服。我剛洗過(guò)衣服。I have just cleaned my clothes.（“洗衣服洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是是“衣服干凈了衣服干凈了”）(對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響：不餓對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響：不餓)I have just had m

9、y breakfast.通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞just（剛剛）（剛剛）, already（已經(jīng)）（已經(jīng)）, before, _等狀語(yǔ)連用等狀語(yǔ)連用never, ever, yet我剛吃過(guò)早餐了我剛吃過(guò)早餐了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義一的用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義一的用法: I _never _(hear) of that before. _you ever _(ride) a horse? She _already _(finish)the work. _you _(milk) the cow yet? Yes,I _(do) that already. I_ jus

10、t _(finish)my homework. He _(not,come) yet. 動(dòng)詞填空動(dòng)詞填空heardhaveHaveriddenhasfinished Have milkedhave donehavefinishedhas not come表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也可以表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也可以表示實(shí)質(zhì)可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。通常和表示實(shí)質(zhì)可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。通常和 _引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.以及以及 so far, by now, these days, in the last ten years 等連用。等連用。I

11、 have been here for over two years. He has worked here since 1989. for（段時(shí)間）（段時(shí)間）, since（點(diǎn)時(shí)間）（點(diǎn)時(shí)間）,How long 我在這里超過(guò)兩年了。我在這里超過(guò)兩年了。他從他從1989年起在這里工作。年起在這里工作。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義二的用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義二的用法: 1.I _(not,see)her these days. 2.She _(learn)English for 3 years/since 3 years ago. 3.They _(live)here since 1990. 4.What _(

12、happen)to the USA in the last 350 years?havent seenhas learnedhave livedhas happened動(dòng)詞填空動(dòng)詞填空注意點(diǎn)一：注意點(diǎn)一：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)^續(xù)下現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)^續(xù)下去或表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響去或表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響:一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過(guò)去?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過(guò)去。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)范圍，因此，不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用?，F(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)范圍

13、，因此，不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 如：如：常和常和 just（剛剛）（剛剛）, already（已經(jīng)）（已經(jīng)）, before, just（剛剛）（剛剛）,already（已經(jīng)）（已經(jīng)）, before,for,since連用。連用。yesterday, last night, two weeks ago等等試比較：試比較：飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來(lái)了。飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來(lái)了。The plane has arrived .（說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒）（說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒）飛機(jī)是一刻中以前來(lái)的。飛機(jī)是一刻中以前來(lái)的。The plane arrived a quarter ago.（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過(guò)去

14、）（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過(guò)去）我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年。我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年。I have taught here for fifteen years. （表示十五年前的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會(huì)繼續(xù)。）（表示十五年前的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會(huì)繼續(xù)。）我過(guò)去在這兒教過(guò)一年。我過(guò)去在這兒教過(guò)一年。I taught here for a year.（表示（表示“我我“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了）現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了） 注意點(diǎn)二：注意點(diǎn)二：表示一個(gè)從過(guò)去開(kāi)始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,有可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).通常和for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，謂以語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不能用短延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不能

15、用短暫性動(dòng)詞暫性動(dòng)詞.短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的聯(lián)系與區(qū)別短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的聯(lián)系與區(qū)別短暫性動(dòng)詞短暫性動(dòng)詞: 可與可與already, yet, ever, never等連用等連用,但不能與但不能與for a day, since last week, how long 連用連用.短暫性動(dòng)詞短暫性動(dòng)詞 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞buyhave 買買beginbe onborrowkeep 借借joinbe a member of 參加參加,加入加入diebe dead 死死短暫性動(dòng)詞短暫性動(dòng)詞 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞arrive/ come / gobe (in) here / there 到某地

16、到某地openbe open (adj.) 開(kāi)開(kāi),打開(kāi)打開(kāi)leavebe away 離開(kāi)離開(kāi)closebe closed 關(guān)閉關(guān)閉marrybe married 結(jié)婚結(jié)婚開(kāi)始開(kāi)始, finish / endbe over 結(jié)束結(jié)束,完成完成start/begin to workwork1.for +I have been here _5 weeks.Hes studied English3 years.一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間forfor2. since +從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí)) 單詞 詞組 (表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的)時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)Eg. I have been here _2000. I have been

17、here _ 5 years ago. I have been here _ I graduated in 2000.sincesincesince注2): 對(duì)for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn) 必須用how long, 決不能用when. I have lived here for 10 years.How long have you lived here?She has stood here since 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?注3): 短暫性動(dòng)詞不能和for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用, 當(dāng)然也不能用于how long引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句中

18、. (誤)I have left there for 5 years. (正)I have been away there for 5 years. 多種表達(dá)法：多種表達(dá)法： 他入黨五年了。他入黨五年了。 電影開(kāi)始五分鐘了。電影開(kāi)始五分鐘了。 It is five minutes since the film beganThe film has been on for five minutes.The film began five minutes ago.it is five years since he joined the PartyHe has been a Party member

19、for five years.He has been in the Party for five years.He joined the Party five years ago .( )( )( )( )( )( )( )( )I have bought a new dictionary for a week. I have had a new dictionary for a week.我買一本新詞典已有一星期了。我買一本新詞典已有一星期了。They have come here for two days.They have been here for two days.他們來(lái)這兒已經(jīng)兩天

20、了。他們來(lái)這兒已經(jīng)兩天了。He has joined the League member for two years.He has been a League member for two years.他已入團(tuán)兩年了。他已入團(tuán)兩年了。The man has been dead for several years.The man has died for several years.這個(gè)人已經(jīng)死了幾年了。這個(gè)人已經(jīng)死了幾年了。1.I have borrowed the book for 2 weeks. ( )2.The film has begun for 5 minutes.( )A B C

21、A B CB kept B been on3. 這輛自行車我買了兩年了。這輛自行車我買了兩年了。 Ive _ the bike _ two years.4. He left Nanjing two years ago. He _ _ _ _ Nanjing for two years.5. The monkey died last month. The monkey _ _ _ for a month.6. A: Hong long _ you _ ( ) B: Two weeks. A.did,get ill B. have,fallen ill C. were,ill D. have,be

22、en illhad forhas been away fromhas been deadD1. Lilei _ the pen for five years. A.has had B.bought C have bought2.Its three years since he the army . A.has joined B.has been in C.joined3.I have been here _ 4 years. A. since B. for C. from4. We have learnt English _ six years ago. A. since B. for C.

23、from考點(diǎn)單選題考點(diǎn)單選題5.My brother _ the Army for 5 years. A. has joined B. has been in C. has been to6.In the past ten years the workers _ many houses. A. have built B. had built C. built在某地（多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）現(xiàn)在仍在那里。常與時(shí)段連用在某地（多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）現(xiàn)在仍在那里。常與時(shí)段連用(for，since )have (has) been inhave( has) been to曾去過(guò)某地（曾去過(guò)某地（次）現(xiàn)在已不在那里。次）現(xiàn)在已不

24、在那里?？膳c可與just, ever, never等連用，等連用，have (has) gone to注意點(diǎn)三：注意點(diǎn)三： have (has) been in, have( has) been to 和和have (has) gone to區(qū)別區(qū)別意為意為“到某地去了到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊?，說(shuō)話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總之，說(shuō)話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng).Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.They have been in Canada for five years.布朗來(lái)上海已經(jīng)有三天了。布朗

25、來(lái)上海已經(jīng)有三天了。他們到加拿大有五年了。他們到加拿大有五年了。在某地（多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）現(xiàn)在仍在那里。常與時(shí)段連用在某地（多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）現(xiàn)在仍在那里。常與時(shí)段連用(for，since )我剛才去郵局了。我剛才去郵局了?，旣悘奈慈ミ^(guò)長(zhǎng)城。瑪麗從未去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。你以前曾經(jīng)去過(guò)杭州嗎？你以前曾經(jīng)去過(guò)杭州嗎？I have just been to the post office.Have you ever been to Hangzhou before?表示表示“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了。，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？膳c可與just, ever, never等連用等連用他們?nèi)ミ^(guò)那個(gè)村莊好幾次了。他們

26、去過(guò)那個(gè)村莊好幾次了。They have been to that village several times.表示表示“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了。，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了。后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過(guò)某地幾次后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過(guò)某地幾次.Mary has never been to the Great Wall.他到書(shū)店去了。他到書(shū)店去了。杰克杰克.約翰遜到倫敦去了。約翰遜到倫敦去了。He has gone to the bookshop.Jack Johnson has gone to London.意為意為“到某地去了到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。，表示到了

27、某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊?，說(shuō)話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總之，說(shuō)話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng).1.May I speak to Ken? Sorry, he is out. He _ see his teacher, A. goes to B. has been to C.has gone to2. Our teacher _ here since 2004. A. has been in B. has been to C. has been3. Have you ever _ Huang shan? Yes, Ive been there twice. A. been to B. been in C.gone

28、to 4. Wheres Daming? He _ the teachers office. A. has been to B. have gone to C. has gone to考點(diǎn)單選題考點(diǎn)單選題Correcting 1. I have borrowed the book for 3 months.2. My bother has joined the army since he was 18.3. Jack and Tom have lived here since 5years.4. The film has been on since I have come to the cin

29、ema.5. When has Mr. Li caught a bad cold? have kepthas been in/ been a member of the armysince 5 years ago/ for 5 yearscame didcatch6. Ten years have passed since they got married.7. Jim has gone to Beijing for 2 years.8.What time have the factory opened?9.I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twiceh

30、ashas been indidopenbeen to1.Li Hong has _ the army for 2 years. A. joined B. be in C. been in D. joined in 2. We have been friends since _. A. children B. five years C. five years ago D. five years before 3. Mike _ the book for a month. A. has bought B. has had C. had had D. has borrowed 4. You _ t

31、hat question three times. A. already asked B. have already asked C. already have asked D. asked already 考點(diǎn)綜合單選題考點(diǎn)綜合單選題5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou _. A. since last week B. a week ago C. for a week D. since a week ago 6. I _ at this school for two years. A. am studying B. study C. studied

32、D. have studied 7. They _ in the city since last summer. A. live B. didnt live C. have lived D. live 8. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _ 1992. A. since B. from C. after D. in 9. Mr. Black _ China since the summer of 1998. A. has been to B. has been in C. has come to D. came to 10. His father _ for years. A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dies 11. Mary _ to see the films because she _ it twice. A. wont go, saw B. wont go, will see C. wont go, has seen D. didnt go, sees 12.- Would you like some more food -Thank you. I _ enough. A. will have B. have had