必修四unit2LanguagepointsinReading

1、人教課標(biāo)版人教課標(biāo)版 高一必修高一必修4Unit 2Language points in Reading1.What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat? 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 本句中使用了插入語(yǔ)本句中使用了插入語(yǔ)do you think。插入語(yǔ)經(jīng)常插到一個(gè)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)完整的句子插入語(yǔ)經(jīng)常插到一個(gè)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)完整的句子里去，對(duì)句子的內(nèi)容作一些附加說(shuō)明，有里去，對(duì)句子的內(nèi)容作一些附加說(shuō)明，有時(shí)表示說(shuō)話(huà)者的態(tài)度和看法等，它不和句時(shí)表示說(shuō)話(huà)者的態(tài)度和看法等，它不和句子的成分發(fā)生結(jié)構(gòu)上的關(guān)聯(lián)，常置于句首、子的成分發(fā)

2、生結(jié)構(gòu)上的關(guān)聯(lián)，常置于句首、句中或句末。把插入語(yǔ)去掉之后，句子的句中或句末。把插入語(yǔ)去掉之后，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)義還是完整的。結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)義還是完整的。 拓展拓展常用于插入語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有常用于插入語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有suppose, know, hope, believe, guess, find, say等。如：等。如：You came by air, I suppose.用作插入語(yǔ)的主要有：副詞、形容詞、介詞短用作插入語(yǔ)的主要有：副詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)、不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)和分句。如：形式短語(yǔ)和分句。如：Two middle-aged passengers fell into the s

3、ea. Unfortunately, neither of them could swim.If she ran towards it, it might attack her. Worse still, it could even carry off the baby in its mouth.Your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard in other words, you failed.To be frank with you, I have no money on me. Judging

4、from what he said to me today, his minds made up.It is so nice to hear from her. Believe it or not, we last met more than thirty years ago.仿寫(xiě)仿寫(xiě) _ _ (令我驚訝的是令我驚訝的是, 他他說(shuō)的話(huà)和所做的事沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系。說(shuō)的話(huà)和所做的事沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系。) What he did, to my surprise, has nothing to do with what he said. 真題再現(xiàn)真題再現(xiàn) 從從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)

5、。佳選項(xiàng)。 What fruit is in season now?Pears and apples, _. (2008 全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷I)A. I know B. I think C. I see D. I feel Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?Yes, _, Im going to visit some homes for the old in the city. (安徽安徽 2008)A. If ever B. If busy C. If anything D. If possibleDB2. Altho

6、ugh he is one of Chinas most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. 分析分析 這是一個(gè)含讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句。其這是一個(gè)含讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句。其結(jié)構(gòu)為結(jié)構(gòu)為: 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句(Although he is one of Chinas most famous scientists)+主句主句(Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer)。主句中包

7、含主句中包含“consider + 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) + n.”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。 for引導(dǎo)的從句并不表示原因引導(dǎo)的從句并不表示原因, 而只是為而只是為主句中所說(shuō)的話(huà)提供推斷的理由主句中所說(shuō)的話(huà)提供推斷的理由, 加以解加以解釋釋, 此時(shí)此時(shí)for前要加逗號(hào)。前要加逗號(hào)。e.g. The shop was quite new, for it hadopened only the week before. work vi./ vt. 經(jīng)營(yíng)經(jīng)營(yíng),管理管理 work the land=grow crops on it 耕耘土地耕耘土地e.g. He works a big farm. 他經(jīng)營(yíng)著一個(gè)大的農(nóng)場(chǎng)。他經(jīng)營(yíng)

8、著一個(gè)大的農(nóng)場(chǎng)。3. for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):(1) already, yet, ever, just, recently, lately, never, before (adv.)e.g. The boy has already/just got home.I havent heard from him yet /recently / lately.I have seen the old man somewhere before.(2) since/fo

9、r I have lived in Beijing since 2000. I have lived in Beijing since I arrived here. I have lived in Beijing for 5 years.struggle vi. 搏斗搏斗, 掙扎掙扎, 努力努力, 拼搏拼搏They were struggling to get out the burning car. 他們掙扎著從燒著的車(chē)?yán)锿馀?。他們掙扎著從燒著的?chē)?yán)锿馀?。She struggled up the stairs with her heavy bags. 她提著沉重的行李艱難地走上樓梯。她

10、提著沉重的行李艱難地走上樓梯。搭配搭配 struggle against 與與斗爭(zhēng)，為反對(duì)斗爭(zhēng)，為反對(duì)而斗爭(zhēng)，而斗爭(zhēng)， struggle for 為爭(zhēng)取為爭(zhēng)取而斗爭(zhēng)而斗爭(zhēng)4. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.the first . to do sth. 意為意為“第一個(gè)第一個(gè)做做”。本句中動(dòng)詞不定式。本句中動(dòng)詞不定式(to grow rice) 作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ), 修飾修飾 the first agricultural pioneer

11、。the first, the last, the second, the only等短語(yǔ)后面多用動(dòng)等短語(yǔ)后面多用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。仿寫(xiě)仿寫(xiě) _ _ _(公元公元950年第一個(gè)到達(dá)新西蘭年第一個(gè)到達(dá)新西蘭的旅行者是一個(gè)叫庫(kù)佩的人。的旅行者是一個(gè)叫庫(kù)佩的人。) The first traveler to reach New Zealand in the year 950 was a man whose name was Kupe.5. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third mo

12、re of the crop in the same fields. make it +賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式, it 做做形式賓語(yǔ)形式賓語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞不定式是真正的賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式是真正的賓語(yǔ)。 it做形式賓語(yǔ)做形式賓語(yǔ), 通常和下列動(dòng)詞連用通常和下列動(dòng)詞連用: consider, think, make, find, believe, count, declare, deem, fancy, feel, guess, imagine, judge, prove, see, show, suppose, understand, take等。等。e.g. We consider

13、it our duty to support good leaders. The new method makes it possible to complete the task faster.Tom found it very embarrassing to be reminded of the long-standing debt. Susan deemed it advisable to keep the matter secret. We all feel it nice to be able to visit that distinguished university.6. Tha

14、nks to his research, the UN has more tool in the battle to rid the world of hunger. 1) thanks to表示表示“幸虧幸虧,多虧多虧”多用于多用于表達(dá)正面意思表達(dá)正面意思, 相當(dāng)于感謝相當(dāng)于感謝, 在句中作在句中作狀語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。狀語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。 Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved 多虧你的幫助多虧你的幫助, 減少了許多麻煩。減少了許多麻煩。2) ridof 用法用法寓詞于境寓詞于境 閱讀下列句子，注意閱讀下列句子，注意rid . of的意思和用法。的意思和用法。

15、1. The man rid himself of debt. 2. It is very hard for the people to rid the earth of pollution.3. The dentist rid him of his pain by taking out the tooth. 自我歸納自我歸納 rid . of的意思是的意思是“_”，此時(shí)，此時(shí), rid為為_(kāi)詞。詞。常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)rid oneself of sb. /sth.，意為，意為“擺脫、從擺脫、從中解脫中解脫”(句句1)；rid sb. / sth. of sb. / sth.意為意為“去除、

16、清除去除、清除”（句（句2、句、句3）。）。動(dòng)動(dòng)擺脫、除去擺脫、除去注意注意 rid還可以作名詞還可以作名詞, 構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)get rid of, 意為意為“擺脫掉、除掉、處理掉擺脫掉、除掉、處理掉”。如如:Its easy to get into the habit of taking drugs but hard to get rid of it. We cant get rid of war until we get rid of the causes of war. 即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練 每空一詞，完成句子，使其每空一詞，完成句子，使其與所給的句子意思相同或相近。與所給的句子意思相同或

17、相近。1. It is not easy for him to get rid of the bad habit. It is hard for him to _ _ _ the bad habit.2. He plans to give up smoking in two months.He plans to _ _ _ smoking in two months.get rid of / rid himself ofrid himself of7. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as

18、 before. 英語(yǔ)中的倍數(shù)表達(dá)法共有三種形式英語(yǔ)中的倍數(shù)表達(dá)法共有三種形式:(1) 倍數(shù)倍數(shù) + 形容詞形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)副詞的比較級(jí) + than.(2) 倍數(shù)倍數(shù) + as +形容詞形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)副詞的原級(jí) + as.(3) 倍數(shù)倍數(shù) + the + 名詞名詞+ of. This building is five times higher than that one. 這座樓比那座樓高出五倍。這座樓比那座樓高出五倍。 This building is five times as high as that one. 這座樓是那座樓的五倍高。這座樓是那座樓的五倍高。This buil

19、ding is five times the height of that one. 這座樓是那座樓的五倍高。這座樓是那座樓的五倍高。The new building is four times the size of the old one.It is reported that the United States uses _ energy as the whole of Europe. A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much8. He would much rather keep time for his h

20、obbies.寓詞于境寓詞于境 閱讀下列句子，注意閱讀下列句子，注意would rather的意思和用法。的意思和用法。1. Would you rather walk or take the bus?2. I would rather choose to give up than give in to him.3. I would rather write to him than call him.4. I would rather you came with us.5. Id rather you didnt go out alone.自我歸納自我歸納 would rather意為意為“更

21、喜更喜歡歡”(句句1)、“_”(句句2、句、句3、句、句4、句、句5); 常用結(jié)構(gòu)為常用結(jié)構(gòu)為_(kāi) (句句2、句句3); 另外，另外，would rather 后還可跟后還可跟從句，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣從句，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(句句4、句、句5)。would rather do . than do .寧愿、寧可寧愿、寧可即學(xué)即練即學(xué)即練 翻譯下列句子。翻譯下列句子。1. 她寧愿死也不愿意演講。她寧愿死也不愿意演講。2. 我寧愿你現(xiàn)在回家。我寧愿你現(xiàn)在回家。3. 我寧愿你昨天沒(méi)做那件事情。我寧愿你昨天沒(méi)做那件事情。She would rather die than give a speech.I would rat

22、her (that) you went home now.I would rather (that) you hadnt done that thing yesterday.考例考例 To enjoy the scenery, Irene would rather spend long hours on the train _ travel by air. (2004 全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷III)A. as B. to C. than D. while點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 選選C?？疾榫涫健？疾榫涫絯ould rather do . than do ., 意為意為“寧愿做寧愿做(前者前者), 而不愿而不愿做做(后

23、者后者)”。題意為。題意為“為欣賞風(fēng)景為欣賞風(fēng)景, Irene寧愿花很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間坐火車(chē)而不愿乘飛寧愿花很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間坐火車(chē)而不愿乘飛機(jī)機(jī)”。9. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. 考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。形式作賓語(yǔ)?？祭祭?After he became conscious, he remembered _ and _ on the head with a rod. (江西江西 2006)A.to attack; hit B. to be attacked; to

24、be hitC. attacking; be hit D. having been attacked; hit點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 選選D。remember doing sth.表示表示“記著做了某事記著做了某事”(事已完成事已完成)；且且he和和attack與與hit之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。remember to do sth. 表示表示“記得要做某事記得要做某事”(此事未做此事未做)。 10. Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubl

25、es. rather than 而不是而不是e.g. Mary, rather than her roommates, is going to Beijing. 要去北京的是瑪麗要去北京的是瑪麗, 而不是她的室友而不是她的室友們。們。 注意注意: rather than 連接兩個(gè)名詞或代連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與rather than 前面的名詞或代詞在人稱(chēng)前面的名詞或代詞在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致。和數(shù)上保持一致。 She ran rather than walked. 她跑著而不是走著。她跑著而不是走著。He is a student rather than

26、a worker. 他是學(xué)生他是學(xué)生,不是工人。不是工人。 They lost some books rather than money. 他們丟了一些書(shū)他們丟了一些書(shū), 而不是錢(qián)。而不是錢(qián)。I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我決定寫(xiě)信而不打電話(huà)。我決定寫(xiě)信而不打電話(huà)。11. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. 考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) therefore adv. 因此；所以；因此；所以； 因而，表示因果關(guān)系。因

27、而，表示因果關(guān)系?？祭祭?Progress so far has been very good. _, we are sure that the project will be completed on time.(浙江浙江2006)A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Besides 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 題意是題意是“至今情況進(jìn)展良好，至今情況進(jìn)展良好，因此我們確信能按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工因此我們確信能按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工程。程?！?前后兩句為因果關(guān)系，故選前后兩句為因果關(guān)系，故選therefore；however然而，可是；然而，可是；otherwise否則，要不然，二

28、者均表否則，要不然，二者均表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；besides而且，也不符而且，也不符合題意。合題意。I. 根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示漢語(yǔ)提示, 寫(xiě)出所缺單詞的正確形式。寫(xiě)出所缺單詞的正確形式。1. We were all _ (曬黑的曬黑的) from a day on the beach.2. Shes s_ to bring up a family alone.sunburntstruggling3. The measures will enable us to increase our o_ of bicycles soon.

29、4. He was down with the flu, and _ (因此因此) couldnt come to the party.5. The d_ problem has been making him hard to sleep every night. disturbing outputtherefore6. In ten years the citys population e_ by 12%, which has made the city more crowded.7. Although he speaks English fluently, he is not of Bri

30、tish or American _ (國(guó)籍國(guó)籍).8. Please state your name, address and _ (職業(yè)職業(yè)).expandednationalityoccupation9. Our products are _ (出口出口) to Southeast Asia to gain more benefits.10. Blood _ (循環(huán)循環(huán)) in the body until life stops. circulatesexportedII. 每空一詞，完成句子，使其與所給每空一詞，完成句子，使其與所給的句子意思相同或相近。的句子意思相同或相近。1. His explanation satisfied everyone present at the meeting.Everyone present at the meeting _ _ _ his explanation. was satisfied with2. There is a color TV in each classroom in our school.Each classroom in our school _ _ _