工具箱數(shù)學(xué)詞匯英漢對(duì)照表

1、附錄四 工具箱數(shù)學(xué)詞匯英漢對(duì)照表.1 概率論與數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)詞匯英漢對(duì)照表534 / 11Aabsolute value 絕對(duì)值accept 接受acceptable region 接受域additivity 可加性adjusted 調(diào)整的alternative hypothesis 對(duì)立假設(shè)analysis 分析analysis of covariance 協(xié)方差分析analysis of variance 方差分析arithmetic mean 算術(shù)平均值association 相關(guān)性assumption 假設(shè)assumption checking 假設(shè)檢驗(yàn)availability 有效度ave

2、rage 均值Bbalanced 平衡的band 帶寬bar chart 條形圖beta-distribution 貝塔分布between groups 組間的bias 偏倚binomial distribution 二項(xiàng)分布binomial test 二項(xiàng)檢驗(yàn)Ccalculate 計(jì)算case 個(gè)案category 類別center of gravity 重心central tendency 中心趨勢(shì)chi-square distribution 卡方分布chi-square test 卡方檢驗(yàn)classify 分類cluster analysis 聚類分析coefficient 系數(shù)coe

3、fficient of correlation 相關(guān)系數(shù)collinearity 共線性column 列compare 比較comparison 對(duì)照components 構(gòu)成，分量compound 復(fù)合的confidence interval 置信區(qū)間consistency 一致性constant 常數(shù)continuous variable 連續(xù)變量control charts 控制圖correlation 相關(guān)covariance 協(xié)方差covariance matrix 協(xié)方差矩陣critical point 臨界點(diǎn)critical value 臨界值crosstab 列聯(lián)表cubic

4、三次的，立方的cubic term 三次項(xiàng)cumulative distribution function累加分布函數(shù)curve estimation 曲線估計(jì)Ddata 數(shù)據(jù)default 默認(rèn)的definition 定義deleted residual 剔除殘差density function 密度函數(shù)dependent variable 因變量description 描述design of experiment 試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)deviations 差異df.(degree of freedom) 自由度diagnostic 診斷dimension 維discrete variable 離散變量

5、discriminant function 判別函數(shù)discriminatory analysis 判別分析distance 距離distribution 分布D-optimal design D-優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)Eeaqual 相等effects of interaction 交互效應(yīng)efficiency 有效性eigenvalue 特征值equal size 等含量equation 方程error 誤差estimate 估計(jì)estimation of parameters 參數(shù)估計(jì)estimations 估計(jì)量evaluate 衡量exact value 精確值expectation 期望expe

6、cted value 期望值exponential 指數(shù)的exponential distributon 指數(shù)分布extreme value 極值Ffactor 因素，因子factor analysis 因子分析factor score 因子得分factorial designs 析因設(shè)計(jì)factorial experiment 析因試驗(yàn)fit 擬合fitted line 擬合線fitted value 擬合值fixed model 固定模型fixed variable 固定變量fractional factorial design部分析因設(shè)計(jì)frequency 頻數(shù)F-test F檢驗(yàn)ful

7、l factorial design 完全析因設(shè)計(jì)function 函數(shù)Ggamma distribution 伽瑪分布geometric mean 幾何均值group 組Hharmomic mean 調(diào)和均值heterogeneity 不齊性histogram 直方圖homogeneity 齊性homogeneity of variance 方差齊性hypothesis 假設(shè)hypothesis test 假設(shè)檢驗(yàn)Iindependence 獨(dú)立independent variable 自變量independent-samples 獨(dú)立樣本index 指數(shù)index of correlati

8、on 相關(guān)指數(shù)interaction 交互作用interclass correlation 組內(nèi)相關(guān)interval estimate 區(qū)間估計(jì)intraclass correlation 組間相關(guān)inverse 倒數(shù)的iterate 迭代Kkernal 核Kolmogorov-Smirnov test 柯爾莫哥洛夫-斯米諾夫檢驗(yàn)kurtosis 峰度Llarge sample problem 大樣本問題layer 層least-significant difference 最小顯著差數(shù)least-square estimation 最小二乘估計(jì)least-square method 最小二乘

9、法level 水平level of significance 顯著性水平leverage value 中心化杠桿值life 壽命life test 壽命試驗(yàn)likelihood function 似然函數(shù)likelihood ratio test 似然比檢驗(yàn)linear 線性的linear estimator 線性估計(jì)linear model 線性模型linear regression 線性回歸linear relation 線性關(guān)系linear term 線性項(xiàng)logarithmic 對(duì)數(shù)的logarithms 對(duì)數(shù)logistic 邏輯的lost function 損失函數(shù)Mmain ef

10、fect 主效應(yīng)matrix 矩陣maximum 最大值maximum likelihood estimation極大似然估計(jì)mean squared deviation(MSD)均方差mean sum of square 均方和measure 衡量media 中位數(shù)M-estimator M估計(jì)minimum 最小值missing values 缺失值mixed model 混合模型mode 眾數(shù)model 模型Monte Carle method 蒙特卡羅法moving average 移動(dòng)平均值multicollinearity 多元共線性multiple comparison 多重比較

11、multiple correlation 多重相關(guān)multiple correlation coefficient 復(fù)相關(guān)系數(shù)multiple correlation coefficient 多元相關(guān)系數(shù)multiple regression analysis 多元回歸分析multiple regression equation 多元回歸方程multiple response 多響應(yīng)multivariate analysis 多元分析Nnegative relationship 負(fù)相關(guān)nonadditively 不可加性nonlinear 非線性nonlinear regression 非線性

12、回歸noparametric tests 非參數(shù)檢驗(yàn)normal distribution 正態(tài)分布null hypothesis 零假設(shè)number of cases 個(gè)案數(shù)Oone-sample 單樣本one-tailed test 單側(cè)檢驗(yàn)one-way ANOVA 單向方差分析one-way classification 單向分類optimal 優(yōu)化的optimum allocation 最優(yōu)配制order 排序order statistics 次序統(tǒng)計(jì)量origin 原點(diǎn)orthogonal 正交的outliers 異常值Ppaired observations 成對(duì)觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)pair

13、ed-sample 成對(duì)樣本parameter 參數(shù)parameter estimation 參數(shù)估計(jì)partial correlation 偏相關(guān)partial correlation coefficient 偏相關(guān)系數(shù)partial regression coefficient 偏回歸系數(shù)percent 百分?jǐn)?shù)percentiles 百分位數(shù)pie chart 餅圖point estimate 點(diǎn)估計(jì)poisson distribution 泊松分布polynomial curve 多項(xiàng)式曲線polynomial regression 多項(xiàng)式回歸polynomials 多項(xiàng)式positiv

14、e relationship 正相關(guān)power 冪P-P plot P-P概率圖predict 預(yù)測(cè)predicted value 預(yù)測(cè)值prediction intervals 預(yù)測(cè)區(qū)間principal component analysis 主成分分析proability 概率probability density function 概率密度函數(shù)probit analysis 概率分析proportion 比例Qqadratic 二次的Q-Q plot Q-Q概率圖quadratic term 二次項(xiàng)quality control 質(zhì)量控制quantitative 數(shù)量的，度量的quart

15、iles 四分位數(shù)Rrandom 隨機(jī)的random number 隨機(jī)數(shù)random number 隨機(jī)數(shù)random sampling 隨機(jī)取樣random seed 隨機(jī)數(shù)種子random variable 隨機(jī)變量randomization 隨機(jī)化range 極差rank 秩rank correlation 秩相關(guān)rank statistic 秩統(tǒng)計(jì)量regression analysis 回歸分析regression coefficient 回歸系數(shù)regression line 回歸線reject 拒絕rejection region 拒絕域relationship 關(guān)系relia

16、bility 可靠性repeated 重復(fù)的report 報(bào)告，報(bào)表residual 殘差residual sum of squares 剩余平方和response 響應(yīng)risk function 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)函數(shù)robustness 穩(wěn)健性root mean square 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差row 行run 游程run test 游程檢驗(yàn)Ssample 樣本sample size 樣本容量sample space 樣本空間sampling 取樣sampling inspection 抽樣檢驗(yàn)scatter chart 散點(diǎn)圖S-curve S形曲線separately 單獨(dú)地sets 集合sign test 符

17、號(hào)檢驗(yàn)significance 顯著性significance level 顯著性水平significance testing 顯著性檢驗(yàn)significant顯著的，有效的significant digits 有效數(shù)字skewed distribution 偏態(tài)分布skewness 偏度small sample problem 小樣本問題smooth 平滑sort 排序soruces of variation 方差來源space 空間spread 擴(kuò)展square 平方standard deviation 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)離差standard error of mean 均值的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差standardi

18、zation 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化standardize 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化statistic 統(tǒng)計(jì)量statistical quality control 統(tǒng)計(jì)質(zhì)量控制std. residual 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)殘差stepwise regression analysis 逐步回歸stimulus 刺激strong assumption 強(qiáng)假設(shè)stud. deleted residual 學(xué)生化剔除殘差stud. residual 學(xué)生化殘差subsamples 次級(jí)樣本sufficient statistic 充分統(tǒng)計(jì)量sum 和sum of squares 平方和summary 概括，綜述Ttable 表t-distribu

19、tion t分布test 檢驗(yàn)test criterion 檢驗(yàn)判據(jù)test for linearity 線性檢驗(yàn)test of goodness of fit 擬合優(yōu)度檢驗(yàn)test of homogeneity 齊性檢驗(yàn)test of independence 獨(dú)立性檢驗(yàn)test rules 檢驗(yàn)法則test statistics 檢驗(yàn)統(tǒng)計(jì)量testing function 檢驗(yàn)函數(shù)time series 時(shí)間序列tolerance limits 容許限total 總共，和transformation 轉(zhuǎn)換treatment 處理trimmed mean 截尾均值true value 真值t

20、-test t檢驗(yàn)two-tailed test 雙側(cè)檢驗(yàn)Uunbalanced 不平衡的unbiased estimation 無偏估計(jì)unbiasedness 無偏性u(píng)niform distribution 均勻分布Vvalue of estimator 估計(jì)值variable 變量variance 方差variance components 方差分量variance ratio 方差比various 不同的vector 向量Wweight 加權(quán)，權(quán)重weighted average 加權(quán)平均值within groups 組內(nèi)的ZZ score Z分?jǐn)?shù).2 最優(yōu)化方法詞匯英漢對(duì)照表Aact

21、ive constraint 活動(dòng)約束active set method 活動(dòng)集法analytic gradient 解析梯度approximate 近似arbitrary 強(qiáng)制性的argument 變量attainment factor 達(dá)到因子Bbandwidth 帶寬be equivalent to 等價(jià)于best-fit 最佳擬合bound 邊界Ccoefficient 系數(shù)complex-value 復(fù)數(shù)值component 分量constant 常數(shù)constrained 有約束的constraint 約束constraint function 約束函數(shù)continuous 連續(xù)的

22、converge 收斂cubic polynomial interpolation method 三次多項(xiàng)式插值法curve-fitting 曲線擬合Ddata-fitting 數(shù)據(jù)擬合default 默認(rèn)的，默認(rèn)的define 定義diagonal 對(duì)角的direct search method 直接搜索法direction of search 搜索方向discontinuous 不連續(xù)Eeigenvalue 特征值empty matrix 空矩陣equality 等式exceeded 溢出的Ffeasible 可行的feasible solution 可行解finite-differenc

23、e 有限差分first-order 一階GGauss-Newton method 高斯-牛頓法goal attainment problem 目標(biāo)達(dá)到問題gradient 梯度gradient method 梯度法Hhandle 句柄Hessian matrix 海色矩陣Iindependent variables 獨(dú)立變量inequality 不等式infeasibility 不可行性infeasible 不可行的initial feasible solution 初始可行解initialize 初始化inverse 逆invoke 激活iteration 迭代iteration 迭代JJa

24、cobian 雅可比矩陣LLagrange multiplier 拉格朗日乘子large-scale 大型的least square 最小二乘least squares sense 最小二乘意義上的Levenberg-Marquardt method 列文伯格-馬夸爾特法line search 一維搜索linear 線性的linear equality constraints 線性等式約束linear programming problem 線性規(guī)劃問題local solution 局部解Mmedium-scale 中型的minimize 最小化mixed quadratic and cubi

25、c polynomial interpolation and extrapolation method 混合二次、三次多項(xiàng)式內(nèi)插、外插法multiobjective 多目標(biāo)的Nnonlinear 非線性的norm 范數(shù)Oobjective function 目標(biāo)函數(shù)observed data 測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)optimization routine 優(yōu)化過程optimize 優(yōu)化optimizer 求解器over-determined system 超定系統(tǒng)Pparameter 參數(shù)partial derivatives 偏導(dǎo)數(shù)polynomial interpolation method 多項(xiàng)式插值

26、法Qquadratic 二次的quadratic interpolation method二次內(nèi)插法quadratic programming 二次規(guī)劃Rreal-value 實(shí)數(shù)值residuals 殘差robust 穩(wěn)健的robustness 穩(wěn)健性，魯棒性Sscalar 標(biāo)量semi-infinitely problem 半無限問題Sequential Quadratic Programming method 序列二次規(guī)劃法simplex search method 單純形法solution 解sparse matrix 稀疏矩陣sparsity pattern 稀疏模式sparsity

27、 structure 稀疏結(jié)構(gòu)starting point 初始點(diǎn)step length 步長(zhǎng)subspace trust region method子空間置信域法sum-of-squares 平方和symmetric matrix 對(duì)稱矩陣Ttermination message 終止信息termination tolerance 終止容限the exit condition 退出條件the method of steepest descent最速下降法transpose 轉(zhuǎn)置Uunconstrained 無約束的under-determined system 負(fù)定系統(tǒng)Vvariable 變

28、量vector 矢量Wweighting matrix 加權(quán)矩陣.3 樣條詞匯英漢對(duì)照表Aapproximation 逼近array 數(shù)組a spline in b-form/b-spline b樣條a spline of polynomial piece /ppform spline分段多項(xiàng)式樣條Bbivariate spline function 二元樣條函數(shù)break/breaks 斷點(diǎn)Ccoefficient/coefficients 系數(shù)cubic interpolation 三次插值/三次內(nèi)插cubic polynomial 三次多項(xiàng)式cubic smoothing spline

29、三次平滑樣條cubic spline 三次樣條cubic spline interpolation 三次樣條插值/三次樣條內(nèi)插curve 曲線Ddegree of freedom 自由度dimension 維數(shù)Eend conditions 約束條件Iinput argument 輸入?yún)?shù)interpolation 插值/內(nèi)插interval 取值區(qū)間Kknot/knots 節(jié)點(diǎn)Lleast-squares approximation 最小二乘擬合Mmultiplicity 重次multivariate function 多元函數(shù)Ooptional argument 可選參數(shù)order 階次o

30、utput argument 輸出參數(shù)Ppoint/points 數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)Rrational spline 有理樣條rounding error 舍入誤差（相對(duì)誤差）Sscalar 標(biāo)量sequence 數(shù)列（數(shù)組）spline 樣條spline approximation 樣條逼近/樣條擬合spline function 樣條函數(shù)spline curve 樣條曲線spline interpolation 樣條插值/樣條內(nèi)插spline surface 樣條曲面smoothing spline 平滑樣條Ttolerance 允許精度Uunivariate function 一元函數(shù)Vvector 向量Wweight/weights 權(quán)重.4 偏微分方程數(shù)值解詞匯英漢對(duì)照表Aabsolute error 絕對(duì)誤差absolute tolerance 絕對(duì)容限adaptive mesh 適應(yīng)性網(wǎng)格Bboundary condition 邊界條件Ccontour plot 等值線圖converge 收斂coordinate 坐標(biāo)系Ddecomposed 分解的decomposed geometry matrix分解幾何矩陣diagonal matrix 對(duì)角矩