人教版高中英語選修六知識點總結(jié)

1、選修六知識點總結(jié)Unit 1I 詞匯及結(jié)構(gòu)1. would rather do sth 情愿做, .would rather sb did sth 情愿 sb 做,情愿做, .而不愿意做 , ： would rather do sth than do sth= would do sth rather than do sth = prefer to do sth rather than do sth= prefer doing sth to doing sthI would rather you hadn' t toldne about it yesterday.我寧愿你昨天沒有告訴我關(guān)

2、于它。2. faith n. 信任 ,信仰be faithful to sb 忠實于某人keep faith with 忠于信仰 ; 守信 have faith in 相信 , 信任3. As there are so nany different styles of Western art , it would be inpossible to describe all of then in such a short textso+adj+a(an)+(單數(shù)可數(shù))什that,)so nany/few +n ( 復(fù)數(shù) ) (+ that, ) so nuch/little ( 不可數(shù) ) (+

3、that, ) such+adj.+n.(不可數(shù))/ n (復(fù)數(shù)) eg.1) The book is interesting that I want to read it again.2) It was a cold day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.3) It was cold a day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.4) There are nany nistakes in your conposition that I can'

4、; t understand it.5) He has nade rapid progress that he got the first in the exan.6) that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere. (07 陜西)A. So successful her business wasB. So successful was her businessC. So her business was successfulD. So was her successful business4. consequently adv. 所

5、以，因此consequent adj. 作為結(jié)果的 ,隨之發(fā)生的as a consequence/result = in consequence = soas a consequence/result of = because of5 .aimwithout ain 無目的的 / 無目標(biāo)的 (take)ain at 瞄準(zhǔn)，對準(zhǔn)sb/ sth' s ain is to do , 的目標(biāo)是, .aim at doing = aim to do 瞄準(zhǔn) , 力求做到 ,力爭達到6. typical adj.典型的；具有代表性的；后接of7. evident 明白的 , 明顯的 (apparen

6、t) be evident to sb. 對某人來說很明顯 be evident in sth 在某方面很明顯8. adopt 采用，收養(yǎng)adapt 改編，使適應(yīng)9. possess 用作動詞時， 不能用于進行時 。be possessed of sth 具有、擁有be possessed by 由 支配、控制in possession of sth（ 表主動）占有in the possession of sb （表被動）,被某人占有10. a great/ good deal 大量 ; 大量 后可接形容詞比較級 a great/ good deal of 后接不可數(shù)名詞1）修飾可數(shù)名詞： m

7、any a few a good/great manyA great many buildings have been built along the street.a large/ big/ great/ / small number ofMany a + 單數(shù)名詞 More than one + 單數(shù)名詞2）修飾不可數(shù)名詞： mucha good/great deal ofa large amount of （ 謂語動詞用單數(shù) ） large amounts of （ 謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù) ）3）修飾可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞a lot of/lots ofplenty ofa large quantit

8、y of （ 謂語動詞用單數(shù) ） large quantities of （ 謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù) ） 練習(xí)：1. the students in our school go to college in their teens.A good manyB. A great many ofC. A great deal of D. A lot of2. He is better now. Don't worry about him.A.moreB. a great deal ofC. a number ofD.a great deal11. attempt嘗試，企圖，努力attempt doin

9、g 反復(fù)嘗試做 attempt to do 企圖做attempt to do/doing = try to do/doing make an attempt to do sth/ at doing sth at one' s attempt 在 sb 嘗試下12.on （the ） one handon the other hand 一方面,另一方面13. be specific to 特有的，獨特的14.in the flesh 活生生，本人，親自15. preference - preferby prefere nee.首先,最好in preference to 優(yōu)先于have a

10、 preferenee for 偏愛16. appeal to 有吸引力，使感興趣 appeal to sb for sth. 呼吁 ,懇求17.reputation n. 名譽 ,名聲live up to one ' s reputation 不負盛名lose one' s reputation失去盛名；win a high reputation贏得很高的聲譽句型：1.序數(shù)詞 the first/the second/the last（ sb.） to do 是一種常見結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“最早、第二、 最后做某事的人” ，其中的不定式作后置定語；如果主語和不定式之間有被動關(guān)系，不定式

11、 應(yīng)使用被動結(jié)構(gòu) to be done。My monitor is always the first to come to school and the last to leave. 我的班長總是第一個到校、最后一個離開。To tell the truth, he was the last person to be met with by the manager. 說實話，他是最后一個被經(jīng)理接見的人。She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她是在奧運會上第一個獲得金牌的女選手。2.It is ama

12、zing/surprising/astonishing/shocking that.是一種常見句型，表示 “ 令人吃驚、震驚、驚訝等 ”，其中 it 是形式主語， that 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作句子的真正主語。這種句型可 以用 to one's amazement/surprise/astonishment/shock 這些短語作狀語來改寫。It is surprising that children who are seven years old don't know how to brush one's teeth. 令人吃驚的是，七歲的孩子還不知道怎么刷牙To our

13、 shock, the terrorist explosion caused over one hundred deaths. 令我們震驚的是，這次恐怖爆炸造成了一百多人死亡。語法：虛擬語氣1. 虛擬語氣用于條件句、其它句型中與現(xiàn)在事實相反時從句用過去時（did/were），主句用would/should/could/might +動詞原形How nice it if I a sister like you!Awas; had Bwould be; had hadCwould have been; had Dwould be; had【解析】 題干表達與現(xiàn)在事實相反的內(nèi)容，根據(jù)規(guī)則選 D 項2

14、. 與過去事實相反時從句用過去完成時（had done），主句用would/should/could/might +have doneWere you in time for the lecture?If I told earlier, I would have.Ahad beenBwasCwere to beD should be選 A 。 由問句看出與過去事實相反，因而從句中使用過去完成時。3. 與將來事實相反時，從句中可用三種形式，即動詞的過去式/should +動詞原形/were to動詞原形。This printer is of good quality. If it break d

15、own within the first year, we would repair itat our expense.A would B should C could D might 分析：后一句實際上使用了與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣，從句中使用should 表示“假如；萬一”fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.AWould you be BShould you be CCould you beDMight you be【解析】 前一分句實際上使用的是虛擬語氣，與將來事實相反從句中

16、使用 If you should be fired ，可以省略 if 而把 should 提前到主語之前。4. 虛擬語氣用于錯綜時間條件句：條件句和主句的動作發(fā)生的時間不一致，主句和從句的 謂語要根據(jù)各自不同的時間選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膭釉~形式。5. 虛擬語氣用于含蓄條件句：句中沒有條件從句，其內(nèi)容暗含在短語或上下文中。But for the help of my English teacher, Ithe first prize in the English WritingCompetition.Awould not winB would not have won C would winD would

17、have wonbut for（要不是”）引導(dǎo)的短語在句中作狀語時，句子的謂語部分常用虛擬語氣；此處表示 與過去事實相反，因而使用“ would6. wish 后的賓語從句中：與現(xiàn)在事實相反時用 were 或動詞的一般過去時；與過去事實相反時用had +過去分詞；與將來事實相反時用would/could/might +動詞原形。How I wish every family a large house with a beautiful garden!AhasBhad C will haveDhad had7. 在 sugges，t order， insist， demand ， requ ir

18、e ， desire， command， request， recommend等表示建議、命令、要求、愿望的詞后面的賓語從句中；在與suggestion， order， request，advice ， demand 等 有 關(guān) 的 表 語 從 句 、 同 位 語 從 句 中 ； 以 及 在 It be suggested/ordered/requested/insisted /desired/required that句型中用"（should）+動詞原形”。The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal.

19、Awouldn'tBcouldn'tCneedn'tD shouldn'trecommend 表示 “建議 ”時，其后的賓語從句中的謂語用“should 動詞原形 ”， should 可省略。. His suggestion is that the harvest in before the rainy season comes.AgetB should get C be got D will be gotsuggestion之后的that從句是表語從句，其中謂語用"should +動詞原形”，should省略。8. 在It's （high）

20、time that句型中，謂語動詞用 過去時或should+動詞原形（should不能省 略 ），表示“早就該 , ”It's no use envying others their success. It's time that you hard.Amust workBwere to work C workD workedIt's time that. 句型中使用動詞的一般過去時9. as if/as though（好像，似乎）之后的方式狀語從句中；if only句型表示 要是多好啊”中，與現(xiàn)在事實相反時動詞用一般過去時；與過去事實相反時用had+過去分詞；與將來事實

21、相反時用 should/would/could/might 動詞原形。When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it .AbreaksBhas brokenCwere brokenD had been brokenUnit 2詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)：1.convey v. 傳達；運送convey .to.把, 運到 ,convey .to sb. 向某人傳達 /表達 （思想、感情等 ） convey one's feelings 表達感情2 transform v. 轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；改造；變換 o

22、把某人 /物改變成 ,transform .from從 , 中轉(zhuǎn)變、轉(zhuǎn)化 ,3. appropriate adj. 適當(dāng)?shù)模徽?dāng)?shù)?be appropriate to/for.對 , 適合；適宜It is appropriate/proper that. （should） do., 是合適的be suitable for/to.適合的；適宜的be fit for. 適合；勝任 ,注意 appropriate 指適合于特殊的人及場合、地位等； suitable 指適合某種情況或安排； fit 指大小適合或勝任某職位； appropriate 等于 very proper 。4. exchange

23、 n /v. 交換；交流；調(diào)換；兌換 exchange sth. for sth. 拿 , 交換 , exchange sth. with sb. 與某人交換某物 in exchange for.交換；調(diào)換5 sponsorn. 贊助人；主辦者；倡議者 v. 發(fā)起；舉辦；倡議；贊助6. take it/things easy 輕松；不緊張；從容 take one's time 別著急，慢慢來 take sb./sth. seriously 認真對待某人 /事 take.for granted對 , 想當(dāng)然，認為 , 理所當(dāng)然7. run out of 用完，用盡 （人作主語，不用于被動

24、） run out 被用完，耗盡 （物作主語） give out（ 物 ）用完，耗盡； （人）筋疲力盡； use up 用完；用光 ,（可以用于被動）8. be made up of由構(gòu)成，組成make up 組成；編造；化妝make up for 彌補 ,9. try out 測試；試驗let out 發(fā)出；放走；泄露；加寬；加大衣服句型1. This is why. 這就是 , 的原因。（強調(diào)結(jié)果 ）This is because. 這是因為 , 。（強調(diào)原因 ）The reason why.is/was that.（, 的原因是 ,）一般用 that 引導(dǎo)表語從句，而不用because

25、。單項填空（1）He didn't go by bike with me. That's there was something wrong with hisbike.AbecauseBwhyC how DwhenA2. with 的 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) （見全程設(shè)計 P22）語法：it 用法與強調(diào)句1. 用作形式主語，代替由不定式、動名詞或各種從句所表示的真正主語。worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.A This B That CWhat D It【解析】 it 代替后面的名詞短語 the way. 作形式主語。2作形式賓語，代指

26、不定式、動名詞或從句所表示的真正賓語He did n't makeclear whe n and where the meet ing would be held.A. this B. that C. it D. these【解析】it代替后面的when and where 從句作形式賓語。The chairma n thoughtn ecessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at themeeti ng.A. that B. it C . this D . him【解析】it代替后面的不定式作形式賓語。3. 表示“喜歡、恨”等心理方面的動

27、詞，后面接 it，然后再跟從句，it代指從句所表達的內(nèi)容。此類動詞有 hate , dislike , enjoy , appreciate 等。rd appreciateif you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. that B . it C . this D . you【解析】it代指后面的if從句所表達的內(nèi)容。4. it用來指代上文提到的事物、情況等Being a pare nt is not always easy, and being the pare nt of a child with special n eed

28、softe n carries withextra stress.A . it B . them C . one D . him【解析】it 代指 being the parent of a child with special needs這一意義。5. 強調(diào)句的基本句型：It is /was +被強調(diào)部分+that +從句。被強調(diào)部分是人時可用who/whom 代替that，強調(diào)時間、地點、原因狀語時，通常只使用that，而不使用 when ,where , why。被強調(diào)的部分一般是主語、賓語、各種狀語。It was along the Mississippi RiverMark Twai

29、n spe nt much of his childhood.A . how B. which C . that D . where【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)看出，題干使用的是強調(diào)句型，因而使用連詞that。6. 強調(diào)句的復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)形式： 強調(diào)句用于 n ot.u ntil 結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was+ notun til. + that +其他部分。 強調(diào)句用于一般疑問句：Is/Was +被強調(diào)部分+ that +其他部分。 強調(diào)句用于特殊疑問句：被強調(diào)的通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞，其強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)是：疑問詞（被強調(diào)部分）+ is/was + it + that +其他部分？It was not un til

30、 midni ghtthey reached the camp site.A . that B . when C . while D . as【解析】句中強調(diào)了時間狀語not until，連詞使用that。7. 判斷是否是強調(diào)句是，可把It is / wasthat去掉，剩余部分在不增減任何詞的情況下還是一個完整的句子，那么這種句子是強調(diào)句。It was in the street that I met her father.t In the street I met her father.It was because she was ill that they didn ' atsk

31、 her to do the job.tBecause she was ill, they didn ' atsk her to do the job.Unit 3詞匯：1.abuse n . /v.濫用；虐待drug abuse 吸毒be badly abused 被虐待abuse of power 濫用權(quán)力2. stress n. 壓力；重音 v. 加壓力于；使緊張 lay/put/place stress on 把重點放在 , 上；強調(diào) under the stress of 為 , 所迫 stress the importance of 強調(diào) , 的重要性 單項填空Things

32、 can easily go wrong when people are under .A stress B weight C load D strength3. ban v. 禁止；取締 n. 禁令be banned from doing sth. 被禁止做某事there be a ban on. 禁止；禁令4. quit v. 停止 （ 做某事 ） ；離開quit doing sth. 停止做某事quit office/one's job 離職quit on eself of sth. = be quit of sth.擺脫某事單項填空He decided to the posit

33、ion after quarreling with the manager.AstopB blockCloosenDquit5. effect n. 結(jié)果；效力have a good/bad effect on 對有好 /壞的影響be of no effect 沒效果；無用 take effect（法律）生效；（藥）奏效 bring/put .into effect 實施 come/go into effect 生效 in effect 事實上；在實施；生效 side effect 副作用6. desperate adj. 不顧一切的；絕望的 be desperate for 極需要 , ；極

34、向往 , be desperate to do sth. 非常想做某事 do sth. desperately 拼命地做某事in desperation 絕望地；不顧一切地；拼命地7. disappointed adj. 失望的；沮喪的be disappointed about/at/in. 對, 感到失望be disappointed to do 做某事失望be disappointed that. 感到失望 ,be disappointing 令人失望的 disappoint sb. 使某人失望 to one's disappointment 令人失望的是8 ashamed adj

35、. 感到慚愧；羞恥的be ashamed that. 對, 感到羞恥；感到羞愧的是feel/be ashamed of 對 , 感到慚愧feel/be ashamed for sb. 替某人感到羞愧be ashamed to do sth. 恥于做某事be ashamed of oneself 為自己感到慚愧It's a shame that.,遺憾What a shame that.,多么遺憾9. due to由于”（不置于句首）be due to do sth.預(yù)期做某事be due for sth.應(yīng)有；得至 Ube due to （doing） sth./ sb.歸因于（做）某

36、事 /某人10. be/become addicted to 對有癮。 后接 doingaddict on eself to 沉迷于； 醉心于addiction to.對”上癮；習(xí)慣于a video game addict 游戲迷11. be/get/become accustomed to 習(xí)慣于 accustom sb./ on eself to （doi ng） sth.使某人 / 自己習(xí)慣于（做）某事 be/get/become used to （doing） sth.習(xí)慣于（做）某事12. feel like （doing）想要（做）,;感覺自己像would like to do 想

37、要做13. in spite of 不顧；不管despite= in spite of盡管”（后接名詞、代詞）regardless of.不管，不顧 ,注意 despite和in spite of是介詞；而 although和though是連詞，引導(dǎo)從句。_ C, she came to school to atte nd the importa nt lecture.A . Though being ill B . Although illness C . In spite of illnessD. Despite he was ill14. take/run a risk/ risks 冒

38、險at risk處境危險；遭受危險at the risk of冒”的危險at one's own risk 自擔(dān)風(fēng)險at all risks無論冒什么危險run/take the risk of 冒”的危險risk doing sth.冒險做某事15. get into陷入；染上（習(xí)慣）；開始對”感興趣get into trouble 陷入困境get into the habit of 染上”的習(xí)慣get into panic 陷入恐慌get along/on with 進展；相處get over 克服get through接通；完成get in收割；募集（捐款）句型：1. Do no

39、t be disappo in ted if you have to try several times before you fin ally stop smok ing.即使你非得經(jīng)過多次戒煙才能最后把它戒掉，你也不要失望。（P19）before引導(dǎo)時間狀語，除了表示“在”之前”以外，還可以表示“,（之后）才；（不多久）就；不等”就”。多用于下列句型中：It will take/takes/took sb.some time + before 花費時間才 ,It is/was long before.過了 ,時間才It won't be long before. 不久就 ,It w

40、ill be long before. 過, 多久才Unit 4詞匯：1. phenomenon n. pl phenomena 現(xiàn)象2. glance at = take a glance at 匆匆一看；掃視stare at 盯著看；凝視glare at 瞪著眼看；怒目而視；怒視3. decrease vt.&vi.decrease/reduce to/by減小，降低至 U （了）； 反義 in crease4. exist vi. 存在existenee n.存在 生存 came into existence產(chǎn)生5. supply sb. with sth. = supply s

41、th. for/to sb. 提供 /供應(yīng)某物給某人provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.6. compareto扌巴比作compare with 扌巴禾口比較7. come about 發(fā)生come across偶然遇至Ucome out出版，（花）開8. build up 樹立，逐步建立；增加；增進（健康） ；集結(jié)9. on the whole = in the main =in the abstract 大體上，基本上，總的來說as a whole總體上，作為一個整體看待

42、10. make a difference 有關(guān)系，有影響，有重要性make some/no/any/not much/a great deal of differenee （to ）頗有 /沒有 /有些 /沒有多大 /有很大影響（關(guān)系）11. make sense （of）有道理；有意義；講得通；明白；是明智的12. put up with = stand = bear = stand for 忍受，容忍13. so long as = as long as 只要；既然 ,由于14. There is no doubt that 毫無疑問 .beyond / without doubt 無疑

43、地doubt 的賓語從句 ,肯定句用 whether / if ；否定句用 that15. quantitya large quantity of/large quantities of;大量的 ，許多的 in quantity; 成批地，大量地a large quantity of/large quantities of 之后接可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。注意:a large quantity of 作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。large quantities of 作主語，謂語動詞都用復(fù)數(shù)Unit 51. appoint v. 任命；委派；約定；指定appoint sb. to be/as. 任命

44、/指派某人成為 , be appointed as/ to be. 被任命 /指派為 ,appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事by appointment 按照約定make an appointment (with) 與 , 約會2. match， fit ， suit和 ,match 用作及物或不及物動詞， 表品質(zhì)、顏色、設(shè)計等方面匹配， 即表示“與 , 相配， 一致”； fit 既可用作及物動詞也可用作不及物動詞，多指衣物等尺寸大小“合適，合身”； suit 表示“適合”，強調(diào)衣服的顏色、式樣、質(zhì)地等適合某人，也指“合乎需要、口味、性 格、條件和地位”等。Your t

45、ie matches your suit well. 你的領(lǐng)帶非常適合你的套裝。The afterschool programme suits the needs of most of the children. 課外活動適合絕大多數(shù)孩子的需要。Not every shoe fits every foot. 并非每只鞋都合腳。3.unconscious adj. 失去知覺的；未察覺的 be unconscious of 未覺察到；未意識到 , fall/become unconscious 失去意識；不省人事 become conscious 清醒過來 be conscious of 意識到

46、,be conscious that. 意識到；覺察到4. anxious adj. 憂慮的；不安的be anxious about 擔(dān)心；焦慮be anxious to do sth. 急切干某事；渴望做某事be anxious for 盼望；渴望anxiety about/over 對 , 的擔(dān)心anxiety for 對 , 的擔(dān)心anxiety to do sth. 渴望干某事的急切心情；做 , 的渴望5. panic v /n. 驚慌；恐慌get into a panic 驚慌失措be in a panic 處于恐慌，驚恐中in panic 驚慌地panic sb. into doi

47、ng sth. 使某人因驚慌而做某事panic over 對 , 感到驚慌in a state of panic 處于驚恐狀態(tài)注意 panic的過去式和過去分詞都是pa nicked;現(xiàn)在分詞是 pa nicking。6. guarantee v. 保證；擔(dān)保 guarantee (sb.) sth. 保證 (某人 )某事物 guarantee that. 保證、擔(dān)保 , guarantee to do 保證做;擔(dān)保做 be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定做某事 be under guarantee 在保修期內(nèi) give sb. a guarantee (that) 向某人保

48、證 There is no guarantee of. /that. 不能保證 ,7. make one's way 前往;向前;慢慢成功feel one's way 摸索著前進 fight/push one's way 推 /擠著前進 wind one's way 蜿蜒前進 force one's way out/in 擠出去 /進來 lose one's way 迷路 keep one's way 一直前進 make way for 給 , 讓路8.vary from.to 由 , 到, 不等vary in sth. 在 , 方面不同

49、；有差異vary with 隨 , 變化a variety of = varieties of種種的；各種各樣的注意variety n 變化；多樣性； varied adj. 種種的；多姿多彩的； various adj. 種種的 （接復(fù)數(shù)名詞或作表語 ）。句型1. 句中 be about to do.when.表示“正要 , 這時”， when 引導(dǎo)的從句有“突然”之意， 還可以用于下列句型中：be doing .when； be just about to do.when； be on the way to.when； be on the point of doing sth. .when

50、 ； had just done.whenI was about to go out when there was a knock on the door.我正要出門，這時有人敲門。He was walking in the street when he caught sight of a car racing towards him. 他正走在街上，突然看見一輛汽車朝他沖了過來。He was on the way home when a stranger stopped him. 他正在回家的路上，這時有個陌生人攔住了他。She was on the point of jumping off

51、 the building when a policeman came. 她正要跳樓，警察突然攔住了她。I had just gone to bed when the telephone rang. 我剛上床睡覺，這時電話響了。2. 句中 It's said that. 表示“據(jù)說 , ”，可以替換為“Sb./It is said to.”，其中的不定式可以有多種形式 （一般時、完成時、被動語態(tài)）。It is said that ano ther typho on will come soon. = Ano ther typho on is said to come soon. 據(jù)說又要來臺風(fēng)了It is said that his fatheri nlaw has bee n in fected with AIDS. = His fatheri nlaw is said to have bee n infected with AIDS.據(jù)說他岳父感染了艾