牛津譯林版8bunit7被動語態(tài)講解與練習(xí)

1、8B被動語態(tài)講解與練習(xí)一、概念：表示動作與主語之間是被動關(guān)系的句子是被動語態(tài)。二、主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)之間如何轉(zhuǎn)換。主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)口訣: 主變賓，賓變主，謂語變be done ,時不變,“be”要隨著主語變.三、各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成1.一般現(xiàn)在時：主語+be（is/am/are）+過去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動語態(tài)  People use knives for cutting things._ They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou._ They speak English in Canada._ They grow ric

2、e in South China._ People use metal(金屬) for making machines._ Where do people plant the trees?_2. 一般過去時：主語+be（was/were）+過去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動語態(tài)  The wind blew down the big tree last night._ My sister took these photos on the Great

3、Wall. _ They built many tall buildings in their hometown last year._ When did you invent the strange machine?_3. 一般將來時：主語+will+ be(不變形) +過去分詞done+其它或主語+be going to+ be(不變形) +過去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動語態(tài)  They will build another bridge in the city next year._ Will you hold a sports meeting in your sch

4、ool next Friday?_a sports meeting _in our school next Friday ? They are going to invite a lot of pop stars to the charity show this evening.A lot of pop stars _to the charity show this evening. We are not going to hold a parents meeting tomorrow.A parents meeting _tomorrow.4. 含情態(tài)動詞：主語+情態(tài)動詞+be（不變形）+過

5、去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動語態(tài) Amy can take good care of Tina._ You can find a lot of differences between the two languages. _ They should collect money for the project._ We can finish the work in

6、60;two days._ We must water the flowers every day.四、使用被動語態(tài)的注意點：1.感官動詞、使役動詞等在主動語態(tài)中后接不帶to動詞不定式變成被動語態(tài)時要加上“to” 即：-see/hear/notice sb. do sth.變?yōu)榱藄b. be seen/heard/noticed to do sth.-let/make/have sb. do sth.變?yōu)榱藄b. be let/made/had to do sth. 把下列句子改為被動語態(tài) The boss makes th

7、e workers work all day. _ I often hear her sing in the room. _ I saw him enter the reading room yesterday afternoon._ Daniel saw the boy run yesterday. _2.常見變被動的表達(dá)see sb. doing sb. be seen doinghear sb. doing sb. be heard doingwatch sb

8、. doin sb. be watched doingnotice sb. doing sb. be noticed doingtell sb. to do sb. be told to doask sb. to do sb. be asked to doinvited sb. to do sb. be invited to do把下列句子改為被動語態(tài) We saw them playing soccer over there._ He asked me to buy some sugar._3.含有雙賓語的主動、被動轉(zhuǎn)換主語+謂語+間接賓語(sb)+直接賓語(sth)主語(sb) +be d

9、one+直接賓語(sth)+by sb主語(sth) +be done+to/for+間接賓語(sb)+by sb把下列句子改為被動語態(tài) We gave our teachers some flowers. Our teachers_Some flowers_ My mother will buy me a new coat. I _A new coat_ Lily sent me a New Year card last week.I _A new card _4.主動語態(tài)中“動詞+介詞”或“動詞+副詞”的短語動

10、詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，介詞或副詞不可拆開或漏掉。要整體搬遷。把下列句子改為被動語態(tài) They look after the girl well._ He often laughs at the poor boy._五、幾種不用被動語態(tài)的情況：1.不及物動詞（vi）沒有被動語態(tài), 直接用主動語態(tài)表示被動意義。如：happen, cost, die, fall ,start/begin, rise, appear, disappear,etc.用括號所給動詞翻譯句子這臺電腦花了我5000元。(cost)_昨天他發(fā)生了一起事故。(happen) _他爺爺3年前去世了。(die)_2.一些短語動詞相當(dāng)于不

11、及物動詞，沒有被動結(jié)構(gòu), 直接用主動形式來表示被動意義。如： take place, set out, come true, break out, break down, come out, belong to 等用括號所給動詞翻譯句子 我校運動會將在下周舉辦。(take place)_我的自行車壞了。（break down 完成時）_I hope that your dream _ (come ) true in the future.3.系動詞（linking V）沒有被動語態(tài)（seem, look, become, get, grow, turn, remain, stay, sound

12、, feel, smell, taste等）用括號所給動詞翻譯句子這食物嘗起來味道很好。(taste) _他的主意聽起來不錯。(sound) _她的新裙子摸起來很柔軟。(feel) _4.有些動詞既是及物又是不及物，當(dāng)他們與well, badly, easily等副詞連用時表示主語內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能，無被動形式。 常見的動詞有read/write/draw/sell/wash/cook/clean等用括號所給動詞翻譯句子書很好賣。(sell) _區(qū)別：書在這家商店被賣出。_這筆寫起來很順滑。(write，smoothly) _這衣服很好洗。(wash) _六、綜合練習(xí)A.用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式

13、填空。 (請注意時態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個方面)1.It's said(據(jù)說) that the long bridge_（build）in two months2.Which language _the most widely_（speak）in the world？3.Last year a large number of trees_（cut）down4. The students&#

14、160;_ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.5. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital.6. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (sell) in

15、0;this shop.7. What _ knives  _ (make) of ?  They_(make) of metal(金屬) and wood.8. Can the magazine _ (take) out of the library?9. The room _ (clean) by

16、0;me every day.10. The stars cant _ (see) in the daytime.11. The flowers _ (water) by Li Ming yesterday.12. This kind of shoes _ (sell) well.13. How long _ 

17、;your uncle _(be) in the city?14. The food _ (smell) delicious.15. Look! Someone _(dance).B.按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。 1.Is tea grown in South China？（改為主動語態(tài)）_ people _ tea in South China

18、？2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）A birthday present _  _  _  _by my parents every year3.The work is going to be finished

19、0;in two days. (對劃線提問)How_  _ the work going to be finished ?4. The children will sing an English song. (改為被動語態(tài))  An English song _  _  _ by the children.5. Peop