【精準解析】山東省棗莊市20某屆高中高三模擬考試(二調)英語試題+Word版含解析

1、2020屆高三模擬考試英語試題注意事項：1.答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)；滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ADeciduous forests(落葉林) are home to many wild animals. The

2、development and expansion of human presence in the forests has caused many of their native species to become endangered.Giant PandaThe giant panda, one of the most recognizable endangered species, is a large, docile species of bear native to the deciduous forest of eastern China, Myanmar and Vietnam

3、. Because of its lim-ited diet the panda s main source of food is bamboo the species is limited in its habitat to areas where bamboo is available. Now the species only can be found today in 20 small patches of forest at the western edge of its historic range.Gray and Red WolvesThe gray wolf, which o

4、nce ranged from the East Coast of America to the West, and south to Mexico, now has a population of only 5, 000 in the lower 48 states, mostly in the Rocky Mountains. The smaller red wolf, native to the southeastern United States, was declared extinct in the wild in 1980, though conservation efforts

5、 have reintroduced small captive populations to the wild in California.Red-Crowned CraneThe red-crowned crane is native to Japan, Korea and eastern China. Agricultural expansion and deforestation (森林砍伐) in these areas have removed a great deal of the marshes and forests that are the crane s primary

6、habitats. For a time, the crane was thought to have completely disappeared from Japan, but the recent discovery of cranes in Japanese marshlands has restarted conservation efforts. Today, around 2, 500 cranes live in the wild, including 1,000 in Japan.European MinkNative to Europe, the European mink

7、 ranges from France in the west to Finland in the north, Russia in the east and the Balkans in the south. Destruction of the mink s aquatic (水的) habitat and use of the species for fur have caused dramatic drops in the species population, which has been reduced by 85 percent since the mid-19th centur

8、y.1. What has caused the wild animals to become endangered?A. Global warming.B. International trade.C. Environmental pollution.D. The invasion of mankind.2. Which species is native to North America?A. European Mink.B. Red Wolves.C. Red Crowned Crane.D. Giant Panda.3. Which is mentioned as the reason

9、 for the decline of European minks?A. The loss of their natural food.B. The hunting of human beings.C. Drought and forest fires.D. Excessive deforestation.4. What is the purpose of the text?A. To call for more efforts to protect forests.B. To study the living habits of wild animals.C. To introduce s

10、ome endangered species.D. To find ways to protect wild animals.【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了大熊貓、灰狼和紅狼、丹頂鶴以及歐洲水貂等幾種瀕臨滅絕的以落葉林為棲息地的野生動物。1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中的“The development and expansion of human presence in the forests has caused many of their native species to become endangered.”可知，人類向落葉林

11、的發(fā)展和擴張已經導致許多當地物種瀕臨滅絕，故D項正確?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“The smaller red wolf， native to the southeastern United States”可知，紅狼原產于美國東南部，是北美的本土動物，故B項正確?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段中的“Destruction of the mink s aquatic habitat and use of the species for fur have caused dramatic drops in the species population”可知，水貂的水生棲息地遭到破

12、壞，人類捕殺水貂制作皮草，導致水貂種群數量急劇下降，故B項正確?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“The development and expansion of human presence in the forests has caused many of their native species to become endangered.”可知，人類向落葉林的發(fā)展和擴張已經導致許多當地物種瀕臨滅絕，下文就介紹了大熊貓、灰狼和紅狼、丹頂鶴以及歐洲水貂等幾種瀕臨滅絕的以落葉林為棲息地的野生動物，由此可知本文的目的是介紹一些瀕臨滅絕的物種，故C項正確?！军c睛】本篇第4題D項干擾性較大，有

13、些同學會認為這篇文章是為了尋找保護野生動物的方法而誤選此項，但根據第一段中的“The development and expansion of human presence in the forests has caused many of their native species to become endangered.”可知，人類向落葉林的發(fā)展和擴張已經導致許多當地物種瀕臨滅絕，下文就客觀地介紹了大熊貓、灰狼和紅狼、丹頂鶴以及歐洲水貂等幾種瀕臨滅絕的以落葉林為棲息地的野生動物，由此可知本文的目的是介紹一些瀕臨滅絕的物種。BNo books, no whiteboards, no mark

14、ers or pens. Thats the new reality for many classrooms across Abu Dhabi, the capital city of the United Arab Emirates ( UAE) , where a company is using artificial intelligence (AI) to create a new learning experience.Built four years ago, Alef Education has managed to get its digital education platf

15、orm into several schools in Abu Dhabi. Alef has worked closely with the government of UAE to bring the platform to 25, 000 students at 57 public schools.The platform focuses on main subjects like math, science and English. It helps students by using AI to design curriculums for individuals.It also g

16、ives students, teachers and parents real-time feedback. For students, that could mean a more personalized way to help them better understand what they are learning. The platform can also find students strengths.“ If a student is doing really well at science, why not raise their interest in what it s

17、 like to be a scientist ” Alef Education CEO Geoffrey Alphonso said. “ That s our future goal to use AI to create individual learning plans. ” But there are concerns that using the technology could come at a cost, such as increasing the amount of time children spend in front of screens.Alphonso said

18、 that his program solves this problem by limiting screen time to 3 hours and a half a day. The classes are followed by practical activities in which children interact with one another and use their hands for experiments.“ We are looking to grow in countries that have a need for changing their educat

19、ion system,”Alphonso said, adding that the company plans to bring its platform to more than 300 schools this year.5. What is the benefit of the platform?A. Lightening teachers burden.B. Improving teaching efficiency.C. Creating a new learning style.D. Inspiring students to work harder.6. How does Al

20、ef respond to the concern about the platform?A. Limiting children s screen time.B. Decreasing the operating cost.C Organizing sports activities.D. Providing real time feedback.7. What is Alef Education s future plan?A. To update their digital platform.B. To change UAE s education system.C. To expand

21、 business to other countries.D. To build 300 schools in Abu Dhabi.【答案】5. C 6. A 7. C【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了亞歷夫教育集團將其數字教育平臺引入阿聯(lián)酋首部阿布扎比的學校為學生們創(chuàng)造了一種新的學習體驗，但也有一些人擔心這會讓孩子們看屏幕的時間過長?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中的“company is using artificial intelligence (AI) to create a new learning experience”可知，一家公司正在使用人工智能（數字教育平臺）創(chuàng)造一種新的學

22、習體驗，由此可知，這個平臺的好處是創(chuàng)造一種新的學習方式，故C項正確。6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“Alphonso said that his program solves this problem by limiting screen time to 3 hours and a half a day.”可知，阿爾方索說，他的程序通過將屏幕時間限制在每天三個半小時來解決這個問題（人們擔心孩子的屏幕時間過長），故A項正確。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“ We are looking to grow in countries that have a need for cha

23、nging their education system,”Alphonso said可知，阿爾方索說他們希望更多的國家改變教育體制，也就是說他希望更多的國家使用他們的平臺，由此可知，亞歷夫教育的未來計劃是把他們的業(yè)務擴展到其他國家，故C項正確。C“ The moment before they called my name, I was really nervous because the other finalists presentations are really good and I thought they would win, ” Kara Fan, 14, who has wo

24、n America s Top Young Scientist, told Yahoo Finance. “ When they announced my name, I was really surprised actually. ”To win that claim, Fan s nano-particle liquid bandage had to surpass the experiments of hundreds of fifth to eighth graders as well as nine other finalists. Fan started developing he

25、r liquid bandage in April 2019 to fight the overuse of antibiotics(抗生素).According to the CDC, roughly 2 million people every year suffer a bacterial infection in the U. S. and about 23, 000 passed away as a result. If left alone, a UN study reported, drug- resistant diseases or the “ superbug” could

26、 lead to 10 million deaths across the globe by 2050. When Fan s sprayable bandage dries on a person s skin, it creates a thin layer that protects the wounded area while breaking the cell wall and killing the bacteria on the skin. After experimenting with copper nitrate(硝酸銅) to fight bacteria, switch

27、ing to the silver nitrate ended up being the major catalyst (催化劑) to seeing results for her award-winning project. “ Thousands of years ago, ancient people would use copper and silver to eat with and they would drink water from like copper bowls to kill bacteria, ” Fan explained. “ I found out that

28、it didnt work. So I used nano silver. ”Sir Alexander Fleming s discovery of penicillin a type of antibiotic is Fan s favorite scientific discovery. That said she doesn t think humans should rely too heavily on penicillin.Following her years at Westview High School, Fan hopes to continue her biology

29、track at Stanford University. Along with the 25, 000 cash prize she won on October 29, becoming Amer-ica s Top Young Scientist may help get the private university s attention.8. How did Kara Fan feel about her winning the prize?A. Confident.B. Regretful.C. Proud.D. Unexpected.9. For what purpose did

30、 Fan develop her liquid bandage?A. To fight overuse of antibiotics.B. To enter a national contest.C. To reduce deaths from injuries.D. To get into a good university.10. Which of the following does Fan use to kill bacteria?A. Copper nitrate.B. Copper.C. Silver.D. Nano silver.11. What might be Fan s o

31、pinion about penicillin？A. Addictive.B. Valuable.C. Useless.D. Irreplaceable.【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了美國最佳青年科學家獎的卡拉·范發(fā)明液體繃帶的故事?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中的“ When they announced my name, I was really surprised actually. ”可知，卡拉·范說：“當他們宣布我的名字時，我真的很驚訝”，由此可知，卡拉·范對自己的獲獎感到很意外，故D項正確?！?

32、題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“Fan started developing her liquid bandage in April 2019 to fight the overuse of antibiotics”可知，卡拉·范于2019年4月開始發(fā)明液體繃帶，以對抗抗生素的過度使用，故A項正確?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第三段“ Thousands of years ago, ancient people would use copper and silver to eat with and they would drink water from like coppe

33、r bowls to kill bacteria, ” Fan explained. “ I found out that it didnt work. So I used nano silver. ”可知，范解釋說：“幾千年前，古人會用銅和銀吃飯，他們會喝銅碗里的水來殺滅細菌?！?，但我發(fā)現(xiàn)這不起作用，所以我用了納米銀（來殺菌），故D項正確?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中的“Sir Alexander Fleming s discovery of penicillin a type of antibiotic is Fan s favorite scientific discove

34、ry.”可知，亞歷山大弗萊明發(fā)現(xiàn)的青霉素是范最喜歡的科學發(fā)現(xiàn)，由此可知，范認為青霉素是有價值的，故B項正確。DRainbow -coloured rubbish is the colourful waste created by a Swedish city with a unique recycling system. Like many cities in Sweden, Eskilstuna has an impressive recycling record. It met the EU s 2020 target of recycling 50 of waste many years

35、 ago. But almost everyone who lives here follows a strict recycling policy at home. People are expected to sort their household waste into seven separate categories, including food, textiles, cartons and metal. But what really makes the system stand out is the bright colour code.The reason for this

36、becomes clear at the city s recycling plant. The bags arrive all jumbled up because they re collected altogether, once a fortnight from outside people s houses. But thanks to those bright colours, scanners can select the bags and separate them efficiently. The food waste in green bags is processed o

37、n site into slurry(漿) to make biogas, which powers the city s buses. One of the benefits of this method of recycling is that there is less cross-pollution,so more of the recycled waste can actually be used to make new things.Like the rest of Sweden, Eskilstuna is committed to sending zero waste from

38、 its citizens to landfill(垃圾堆) . Waste that cannot be recycled is incinerated at a local plant to generate electricity. This reduces reliance on fossil fuels, but does create greenhouse gases. As countries a-round the world try to improve their recycling rates, some may look to Eskilstuna as an exam

39、ple to follow as long as they think they can persuade their citizens to get busy sorting at home.12. How do people deal with their household waste in Eskilstuna？A. Sorting and putting it in colourful bags.B. Dyeing it with different colours.C. Processing and recycling it at home.D. Sorting and takin

40、g it out every week.13. What is the advantage of the bright colour code？A. It avoids cross pollution entirely.B. The waste can be stored in a fixed site.C. It s easier to classify the bags of rubbish.D. The city takes on a colorful look.14. What does the underlined word “ incinerated” mean in the la

41、st paragraph？A. BurntB. BrokenC. ReusedD. Washed15. Which of the following is the best title of the text？A. Tips on Sorting of Household Waste.B. A Swedish City s Recycling Efforts.C. A Unique Waste Recycling Plan.D. A New Policy for Conservation.【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，介紹了瑞典城市埃

42、斯科特納獨特的垃圾分類辦法用不同顏色的袋子區(qū)分不同種類的垃圾?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中的“People are expected to sort their household waste into seven separate categories, including food, textiles, cartons and metal. But what really makes the system stand out is the bright colour code.”可知， 埃斯科特納的居民將他們的生活垃圾分為七類，包括食品、紡織品、紙箱和金屬，但真正讓這個系統(tǒng)脫穎而

43、出的是明亮的顏色代碼，再根據第二段中的“The bags arrive all jumbled up because theyre collected altogether, once a fortnight from outside people' s houses.”可知，每兩個星期，居民家門口的這些袋子就會被一起運到垃圾處理廠，由此可知，埃斯科特納的居民把生活垃圾分類放在不同顏色的袋子里，故A項正確?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“But thanks to those bright colours, scanners can select the bags and s

44、eparate them efficiently.”可知，由于這些明亮的顏色，掃描儀可以有效地把它們分開，由此可知，明亮的顏色代碼的優(yōu)點是讓分揀員更容易給袋子里的垃圾進行分類，故C項正確。【14題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞前的“Waste that cannot be recycled”可知，這些垃圾是不能回收的，再根據畫線詞后的“to generate electricity.”可知，它們可以被用來產生電能，因此此處是說不能回收的垃圾在當地的工廠焚燒以產生電能，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“焚燒”，故A項正確。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據第一段中的“Rainbow -colour

45、ed rubbish is the colourful waste created by a Swedish city with a unique re-cycling system.”可知，本文要介紹的是瑞典城市埃斯科特納獨特的垃圾分類辦法用不同顏色的袋子區(qū)分不同種類的垃圾，B項（一個瑞典城市的回收工作）適合作文章標題。故選B?！军c睛】詞義猜測題的難度較大，抓住畫線詞的上下文是關鍵，因為其往往會對畫線詞詞義起到解釋說明或暗示作用，例如本篇第3題，根據畫線詞前的“Waste that cannot be recycled”可知，這些垃圾是不能回收的，再根據畫線詞后的“to generate e

46、lectricity.”可知，它們可以被用來產生電能，因此此處是說不能回收的垃圾在當地的工廠焚燒以產生電能，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“焚燒”，故A項正確。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。COVID -19 is still affecting a great many people all over the world. Most people who become infected experience mild illness and recover, but it can be more s

47、evere for others. Take care of your health and protect others by doing the following:_16_Regularly and thoroughly clean your hands with an alcohol -based hand rub or wash them with soap and water. Washing your hands with soap and water or using alcohol -based hand rub kills viruses that may be on yo

48、ur hands.Maintain social distancing. _17_When someone coughs or sneezes, they spray small liquid droplets from their nose or mouth which may contain virus. If you are too close, you can breathe in the droplets, including the COVID -19 virus if the person coughing has the disease.Avoid touching eyes,

49、 nose and mouth. _18_Once contaminated(弄臟) , hands can transfer the virus to your eyes, nose or mouth. From there, the virus can enter your body and can make you sick.Practice respiratory hygiene(呼吸道衛(wèi)生) . Make sure you, and the people around you, follow good respiratory hygiene. This means covering

50、your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze. _19_Droplets spread virus. By following good respiratory hygiene you protect the people around you from viruses such as cold, flu and COVID-19.If you have a fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical attention and

51、call in ad-vance. Your national and local authorities will have the most up to date information on the situa-tion in your area. Calling in advance will allow your health care provider to quickly direct you to the right health facility. _20_A. Wash your hands frequently.B. Stay at home if you begin t

52、o feel unwell.C. Then dispose of the used tissue immediately.D. Wear a mask if you are coughing or sneezing.E. Hands touch many surfaces and can pick up viruses.F. Maintain at least 1 metre distance from anyone who is coughing or sneezing.G. This will also protect you and help prevent spread of viru

53、ses and other infections.【答案】16. A 17. F 18. E 19. C 20. G【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了新冠病毒的個人防護措施。【16題詳解】根據本段內容，特別是根據“clean your hands”及“Washing your hands”等關鍵詞可知，本段主要講的是要勤洗手，故A項（勤洗手）符合語境?！?7題詳解】根據本段主題句“Maintain social distancing”及空后的“When someone coughs or sneezes， they spray small liquid droplets from their n

54、ose or mouth which may contain virus.”可知，此處是說要與咳嗽或打噴嚏的人保持一定的距離，故F項（與咳嗽或打噴嚏的人保持一米以上的距離）符合語境。【18題詳解】空后說一旦弄臟了，手可以把病毒轉移到你的眼睛，鼻子或嘴巴，因此此處是說手很容易攜帶病毒，故E項（手接觸很多表面，可能會攜帶病毒）符合語境?！?9題詳解】空前說咳嗽或打噴嚏時，用彎曲的手肘或紙巾捂住口鼻，此處承接上文，講的是下一步該怎么做，故C項（然后立即處理用過的紙巾）符合語境。【20題詳解】空前說提前打電話會讓給你提供醫(yī)療服務的人迅速指引你到正確的醫(yī)療機構，此處接著講這樣做的其他好處，故G項（這也將

55、保護你，并有助于防止病毒和其他感染的傳播）符合語境。第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)；滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。When you walk through the doors of Morton Plant Hospital on an early Tuesday afternoon,youll be greeted by the comforting voice of Mary Ellen Owens.Owens, who is now 98, started _21_at the hosp

56、ital after her husband died nearly 20 years ago. “ My husband was a ( n) _22_here, off and on for about six weeks over four years, ” she _23_. “ Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick. ” To show her _24_, Owens wanted to give back in a big way. “ I don t have several millio

57、n dollars, but I can give my _25_, ” she said.Owens is approaching 7, 000 hours in volunteer time. “ I used to give three days a week,”she said. “ Now I m _26_. So I don t get around as much as I _27_, so I only give one day a week. ”To get to her weekly four-hour _28_, Owens receives a ride from a volunteer who she now calls her friend. “ Every _29_, Richard picks me up from my home and brings me here, ”she said. “ I don t believe people of my age should be _30_. ”In her younger years, Owens used to walk up and down the fashion runways in New York City a