鋼鐵材料的許用應(yīng)力

1、表 1材料材料截面尺寸熱處類標(biāo)號/mm理型普通碳鋼及優(yōu)質(zhì)碳鋼構(gòu)件基本許用應(yīng)力/MPa材料性能拉壓彎曲扭轉(zhuǎn)剪切抗拉強度b屈服強度s普Q215熱通Q235100碳扎鋼Q27520正優(yōu)25火質(zhì)35 100調(diào)質(zhì)正火碳45調(diào)質(zhì)鋼25正火50 100調(diào)質(zhì)/MPa b335 410 s185215 b375 460 s205235 b490 610 s235275 b410 s245 b450 s275 b530 s315 b550 750 s320370 b600 s355 b630 800 s370430 b630 s375 b 700 s 400 llln nn14512590175140105959

2、060100906016014010019016012010595651101007017515011021017013011510570120110801751451052101651251151057012010575195160115230175135125115751351208021018012525020015013512080145120852101851302502051551351258514512085230200145270220170150135901601409525021515030023518016015010017515010025021515030023518

3、0160150100175150100265235165310260195170155105180160110表 2截面尺寸熱處材料標(biāo)號/mm理ZG200 400ZG230 450正火ZG270 500100及回火ZG310 570ZG340 640碳鋼鑄件基本許用應(yīng)力/MPa材料性能拉壓彎曲扭轉(zhuǎn)剪切抗拉強度 b屈服強度 s/MPa llln nn 400b13512090160135105908060958560s200b45015514010018515512010085651109065s230b5001751601152101751351151007512010575s270 570b

4、1901701252301901451251058013011080s310b6402001801302402051551301158714012087s340表 3材料標(biāo)號壁厚 /mm2.5 10 10 20HT-150 20 30 30 502.5 10 10 20HT-200 20 30 30 504.0 10 10 20HT-250 20 30 30 50 10 20HT-300 20 30 30 50HT-350 10 20抗壓強度/MPa500 700600 800800 10001000 12001100 1300灰鑄鐵基本許用應(yīng)力/MPa中心抗壓彎曲扭剪抗拉強度壓拉拉 壓/MP

5、al llll17514080502820503023452418145140804124174125193720151301408037211537221733181312014080341914342115311712220170100633625633828573123195170100563222563325502720170170100492819492922442417160170100462618462721412216270230130774431774635693728240230130693927694131623325220230130633625633828573123

6、200230130573223573426512821290285160834733835037754030250285160714129714332643526230285160663726663930593224340315180975539975844874735 20 30290315180834733835037754030 30 50260315180744230744433673627附表鋼鐵的許用應(yīng)力（kgf/cm 2 ）載荷軟鋼中硬鋼鑄鋼鋼鐵9001500120018006001200300拉伸60010008001200400600200300 500400 6002004

7、001009001500120018009001500900壓縮6001000800 120060010006009001500120018007501200彎曲60010008001200500 800300 500400 600250 40072012009601440480960300剪切480 800640 960320640200240 400320 48016032010060012009001440480960扭轉(zhuǎn)400 800640 960320640200 400320 480160320（注）載荷指：靜載荷：重復(fù)載荷：交變載荷材料碳素鋼合金鋼鑄鋼表 4許用彎曲應(yīng)力 許用應(yīng)力

8、 kgf/cm2極限強度kgf/cm 2穩(wěn)定載荷沖擊或脈動載荷反復(fù)交變載荷40001300700400500017007504506000200095055070002300110065080002700130075010000330016009004000100050030050001200700400表 5軸的常用材料及許用彎曲應(yīng)力 30機械性能許用彎曲毛坯直徑硬 度鋼 號處理bs- 1應(yīng)力 w(mm)HBkgf/cm 2kgf/mm2kgf/mm2kgf/mm2正火25543226 1871100正火 100522725143 1871050正火100300502624143 18710

9、0035正火 +回火300500482423137 187960500750462322131 187920調(diào)質(zhì) 100563026.5163 2011100100300542825.5144 2011080正火25613628 2411150正火 100603027.5170 207115045正火100300582927163 2071130正火 +回火300500562826156 2071080500700542725149 2071050調(diào)質(zhì) 200653630187 229125025907546160035SiMn 100805240229 2861400調(diào)質(zhì)1003007545

10、35217 269140042SiMn300400704032.5217 2551350400500653831.5197 255130040MB調(diào)質(zhì)2510080501750 200755036240 2901450 100756038228 286150038SiMo調(diào)質(zhì)100300725536217 2691450300500705035197 2411400500800604030186 24112502510080501750 100755237241 286150040Cr調(diào)質(zhì)100300705035241 2861480300500654031229 26013005008006

11、03529217 2601200注：表中 - 1 適用于 4 8，如果光潔度提高或降低， - 1 應(yīng)相應(yīng)提高或降低515%。表 6軸類零件允許變形的參考數(shù)值變形名稱變 形允許值一般用途的軸 =(0.0003 0.0005) 撓度需要提高剛度的轉(zhuǎn)軸 =0.0002 安裝齒輪的軸 =(0.01 0.05)m n安裝蝸輪的軸 =(0.01 0.05)m t滑動軸承 =0.001rad向心球軸承 =0.005rad轉(zhuǎn)角向心球面軸承 =0.005rad圓柱滾子軸承 =0.0025rad圓錐滾子軸承 =0.0016rad安裝齒輪的軸承 =0.001rad注：軸承之間的長度 (mm)；mn齒輪法面模數(shù) (mm)；Mt蝸輪的端面模數(shù) (mm)。表 7軸彎曲的允許變形量 30名稱撓 度允許值fcm一般用途的軸0.0003 0.0