人教版（2019）必修第二冊(cè)：Unit 4 History and traditionsDiscovering Useful Structures 單元小練（含答案）

1、Unit 4 Section Discovering Useful Structures期末復(fù)習(xí)通關(guān)練一、單句語(yǔ)法填空1.The trees _ (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.2.When I returned there,I found my bag _ (go).3.Before driving into the city,you are required to get your car _(wash). 4.When we finally reached the service desk,we hea

2、rd it _(announce) that there were no more tickets left. 5.The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _(follow) them. 二、完成句子1.他被指控犯有網(wǎng)絡(luò)盜竊罪。He was _Internet theft. 2.總而言之,這是一個(gè)解決常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題的巧妙方法。In a word,this is a clever _a common problem. 3.政府在昨天向媒體宣布了創(chuàng)造一

3、百萬(wàn)個(gè)新工作崗位的計(jì)劃。The government yesterday _the media plans to create a million new jobs. 4.他為我們花錢,真是大方。It was _to pay for us. 5.起初他們給了我一些幫助,但幫助不大。They gave me some help in the beginning but it did not _. 三、七選五閱讀理解The hit movie Notting Hill begins with a famous scene.Hugh Grant bumps into J

4、ulia Roberts and pours orange juice all over her.After the bump,Grant repeatedly says,“I am so sorry.I am so sorry.”1 If Roberts character were from Britain,then she would probably apologise repeatedly as welleven if the bump were not her fault.But this doesnt happen in the film,as Roberts is from t

5、he US. A report in The Telegraph last week said that three-quarters of British people apologise when they bump into someone in the streetregardless of whether they are responsible or not.In fact,we Britons use “sorry” in many situations.For example,if we mishear someone,we say “Sorry?” The pers

6、on we are talking to will also apologise by replying:“No,I am sorry!” 2 Life is never as simple as “duibuqi” and “meiguanxi”.3 Traditionally,“sorry” was used to express deep regret,but a survey in 2017 showed that we use it to mean anything from “what” to “whatever”. 4 Mark Tyrell,a psycho

7、logy writer in the UK,thinks our apologetic tendencies are rooted in the British class system.We say sorry because historically the new middle classes in Britain had to apologise for not being the working class,but also for really being the upper class. 5 For example,if you bump into someone,th

8、ey might get angry.To avoid this,we instantly say “Sorry!”.True manners are about being considerate and the modern day hobby with apologising shows that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were.The word has lost some of its meaning.Do you see my point?Sorry,it might just be a British thing.&

9、#160;A.Why are Britons so sorry?B.British people are sincere while saying sorry.C.How we use “sorry” has changed.D.Saying sorry when necessary is a good manner.E.This can go on for up to five minutes as we compete over who is the most sorry.F.Another theory is that we apologise to avoid confrontatio

10、n (沖突).G.His actions in this scene are very British.四、完形填空Did you know the distance at which two people stand when having a conversation?1,it varies from culture to culture.In some countries,people may stand 2 together,often moving their faces even closer as the conversation 3.Studies have shown tha

11、t most Americans feel 4 if they stand too close to others when talking;they feel most comfortable at a 5 of about 50 centimetres.In still other countries,people 6 to have even more space than 50 centimetres between them when having a conversation. Another social custom you will 7 is that Americ

12、ans,like many other people,often express themselves with their 8 when talking.They may show 9 feelings by touching another person on the shoulder during a conversation,or they may 10 a childs head to show their affection for the child.According to the 11 of some people from other countries,these exp

13、ressions may be 12,especially if they are made with the left hand.Many Americans are left-handed;there is no special importance given to either the left or right hand in the United States;neither one shows a lack of 13.In all such matters,however,if the use of the hands in social 14 makes you feel u

14、ncomfortable,a slight hesitation on your part will usually be 15 by your American friends to show your feelings. 1.A.Similarly B.Luckily C.Naturally D.Obviously2.A.farB.close C.straight D.around3.A.progresses B.ends C.stops D.begins4.A.comfortable B.satisfied C.uncomfortableD.unfair5.A.lengthB.

15、distance C.locationD.gap6.A.preferB.decide C.refuseD.choose7.A.seeB.watch C.notice D.find8.A.facesB.heads C.shouldersD.hands9.A.embarrassed B.friendly C.natural D.pleased10.A.patB.beat C.hit D.press11.A.habitsB.traditions C.culturesD.customs12.A.unnatural B.unwelcome C.unimportantD.unusual13.A.conce

16、rnB.confidence C.respectD.courage14.A.situations B.habits C.clubs D.customs15.A.refusedB.ignored C.understoodD.invited五、閱讀理解Smile! It makes everyone in the room feel better because they, consciously or unconsciously, are smiling with you. Growing evidence shows that an instinct for facial mimicry (模

17、仿)allows us to experience other people's feelings. If we can't mirror another person's face, it limits our ability to read and properly react to their expressions. A review of this emotional mirroring appears on February 11 in Trends in Cognitive Sciences.In their paper, Paula Niedenthal

18、 and Adrienne Wood, social psychologists at the University of Wisconsin, describe how people in social situations copy others' facial expressions to create emotional responses in themselves. For example, if you're with a friend who looks sad, you might "try on" that sad face yourse

19、lf without realizing you're doing so. In "trying on" your friend's expression, it helps you to recognize what they're feeling by connecting it with times in the past when you made that expression. Humans get this emotional meaning from facial expressions in a matter of only a f

20、ew hundred milliseconds."You reflect on your emotional feelings and then you produce some sort of recognition judgment, and the most important thing that results in is that you take the appropriate actionyou approach the person or you avoid the person," Niedenthal says. "Your own emot

21、ional reaction to the face changes your understanding of how you see the face in such a way that provides you with more information about what it means."A person's ability to recognize and "share" others' emotions can be prevented when they can't mimic faces. This is a com

22、mon complaint for people with motor diseases, like facial paralysis(癱瘓) from a stroke, or even due to nerve damage from plastic surgery. Niedenthal notes that the same would not be true for people who suffer from birth, because if you've never had the ability to mimic facial expressions, you wil

23、l have developed another ways of interpreting emotions. Niedenthal next wants to explore what part in the brain is functioning to help with facial expression recognition. A better understanding of that part, she says, will give us a better idea of how to treat related disorders.1. According to the p

24、assage, facial mimicry helps _A. convey one's own feelings clearlyB. change others' emotions quicklyC. respond to others' expressions properlyD. develop friendship with others easily2. Which parts explain how people copy others' facial expressions?A. Paragraph 1 and 2. B. Paragraph 2

25、 and 3.C. Paragraph 3 and 4. D. Paragraph 4 and 5.3. According to Niedenthal, what will be the next focus of the study?A. When is the best time to treat brain disorders.B. How many kinds of facial expressions people have.C. How our brain helps us with emotional mirroring.D. What part in the brain he

26、lps recognize facial expressions.4. What is the purpose of writing the passage?A. To discuss why people like smiling to others.B. To draw people's attention to those with motor diseases.C. To introduce a new trend in facial expression recognition .D. To explain how people mirror others' faci

27、al expressions六、語(yǔ)篇填空I come from London in England,which is 1. _ very big city.Over 8 million people live in London,and its always busy with 2. _ (tourist) from other places too.So moving to a little town with only 15,000 people is a big change for me!I am living in a little countryside town in Germa

28、ny at the moment.I thought I would always enjoy 3. _ (live) in a city,but it turns out there are many good things about the countryside.In the countryside,the towns are much 4. _ (small) and so everyone knows each other.Thats nice because people are very 5. _ (friend)!At home in London,I dont even k

29、now my neighbours!Another nice thing about the countryside is that it is very green and there 6._(be) lots of fresh air.I like nature,and Id like 7. _ (see) how the seasons change the trees. When I walk through the little town here,it is often still and quiet,and theres a feeling of peace 8._ d

30、oesnt exist(存在) in London.In London there are always people around,even in the middle of the night. Up to now I 9._(be) here for over 6 months,and I have got used 10._ the peaceful life here. 參考答案一、單句語(yǔ)法填空1.blown 2.gone 3.washed 4.announced 5.following二、完成句子1.charged with2.approach to3.anno

31、unced to4.generous of him5.amount to much三、七選五閱讀理解15 GECAF四、完形填空1.D文化不同,人們站著談話時(shí)保持的距離也顯然不一樣。故選D項(xiàng)。2.B根據(jù)后面的their faces even closer as可知選B項(xiàng)。3.A根據(jù)上下文,可知隨著談話的進(jìn)行,人們會(huì)把他們的臉再靠近一點(diǎn)。4.C根據(jù)下文的too close to可知“美國(guó)人因靠得太近而感覺(jué)不舒服”。故選C項(xiàng)。5.B固定搭配at a distance of“有距離”。文中表示距離,故選B項(xiàng)。6.A根據(jù)上文,可知美國(guó)人在交談時(shí)喜歡保持一定的距離,“still”和“even more

32、space”表明“更喜歡”,用prefer。故選A項(xiàng)。7.C A、B、C和D項(xiàng)都有“看”的意思,根據(jù)句意,此處表示“注意到”。故選C項(xiàng)。8.D根據(jù)下文,可知美國(guó)人在談話時(shí),喜歡用手表達(dá)自己。故選D項(xiàng)。9.B根據(jù)下文的“.to show their affection for the child.”可知是“show friendly feelings”。故選B項(xiàng)。10.A根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知,此處表示輕拍孩子的頭表示對(duì)孩子的喜愛(ài)。故選A項(xiàng)。11.Dhabit指?jìng)€(gè)人自然養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣;tradition指?jìng)鹘y(tǒng)或慣例;culture指文化;custom指的是一個(gè)國(guó)家、族群或團(tuán)體的社會(huì)風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。此處指的是一個(gè)國(guó)家的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。故選D項(xiàng)。12.B根據(jù)下文“if the use.makes you feel uncomfor