短文改錯七口訣

1、 英語短文改錯絕對不是一道難題，它所考查的語法和詞匯都是最基礎的。那為什么很多同學在這道題上拿不了高分甚至滿分呢？這是因為不了解出題意圖和角度的緣故。所謂”知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)不殆“，今天，小奇老師就和大家來分享短文改錯到底考什么，通過以下口訣我們就一目了然了！短文改錯七口訣動詞形，名詞數(shù)；動詞形，名詞數(shù)； 注意形和副；注意形和副； 非謂動詞細辨別；非謂動詞細辨別； 習慣用法要記?。涣晳T用法要記??； 句子成分多分析；句子成分多分析； 邏輯錯誤須關注。邏輯錯誤須關注。主要包括兩類錯誤：動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)錯誤，以及主、謂不一致的錯誤。例如：My favourite sport is football. I

2、 was member of our school football team. （am）Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. （are）上述兩例分別屬于時態(tài)錯誤和主、謂不一致錯誤。找出此類錯誤的關鍵是樹立牢固的時態(tài)概念，注意短文內(nèi)容發(fā)生或存在的時間，保持時間概念的一致性。指名詞單、復數(shù)形式的用法錯誤。常表現(xiàn)為將名詞復數(shù)寫成單數(shù)。例如：so that Ill get good marks in all my subject. （subjects）區(qū)分形容詞和副詞在句子中的作用和具體用法。這也是高考短文改錯的?？键c。例如：Im s

3、ure well have a wonderfully time together. （wonderful）Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. （Unfortunately）需要注意的是，形容詞多用來做定、表、補語等，而副詞只能在句子中作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。第一例中的wonderful作定語修飾time，第二句的Unfortunately作狀語修飾整個句子。這是考查最多的錯誤形式之一。主要有分詞和動名詞類錯誤，也包括不定式類錯誤。例如：in my spare time, but now I am inte

4、resting in football. （interested）Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also （playing）My parents love me and will do all they can make sure （to）上述二、三例分別是動名詞作主語，和不定式作目的狀語。一般的，現(xiàn)在分詞有主動和進行的含義，而過去分詞具有被動態(tài)和完成時的含義，不定式有將來的含義。主要考查習慣搭配方面的基礎知識。這也是歷年高考的常考點，其錯誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭配錯誤。例如：It was v

5、ery kind for them to meet me at the railway station and （of）We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. （of）不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類；不同的語景要選擇不同的詞語。這些都有待我們對句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子成分作細致的分析，才能找出用詞不當?shù)腻e誤。例如：They eager to know everything about China and（were）I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. （

6、which）第一例漏掉了謂語動詞were，這是受漢語習慣的影響而導致的錯誤；第二例則是詞類與它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副詞，不能作主語。與句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，屬于邏輯性錯誤。如稱謂上的張冠李戴，人名、地名、時間、方位等方面的錯誤，常是這類錯誤的考查對象。例如：The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. （their）First, let me tell you something more about myself. （去掉more） no way of setting the matter except by se

7、lling the set. Now someone at home reads instead. （everyone）上述第一例中的主語是Smiths（史密斯夫婦倆），因此后面的his不合邏輯。第二例中的more在這兒表“再”的意思，才開始告訴別人，怎么能說“再告訴你一些事”？第三例講的是為了解決看電視時的爭端，“我們”把電視機賣了；晚上沒電視看了，所以與從前一樣，大家又都讀書了，所以該用 everyone。除了上述錯誤類型外，?？嫉腻e誤形式還有：連詞but, and, or和so的用法錯誤（可以歸類為邏輯錯誤），以及冠詞的用法錯誤等。例如：She was smiling but noddi

8、ng at me. （and）It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. （or）We may be one family and live under a same roof.（the） Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to EmeiEmei Mountain Mountain in in Sichuan. As everyone knowsSichuan

9、. As everyone knows，its famousits famous Mountain Mountain with all with all kind kind of plants and animals. The of plants and animals. The weather weather Was fine. It was about Was fine. It was about noon noon we arrived at the foot we arrived at the foot of of the mountainthe mountain，the three

10、of them the three of them were were very excited. As we very excited. As we climbed the mountainclimbed the mountain，we saw monkeyswe saw monkeys，visiting temples visiting temples and told stories. On the way up I was busy and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture taking picture sinc

11、e the scenery was so beautiful. The time since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes passes quickly. quickly. Evening came down. We spent the night in a Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel hotel at the top at the top of of the mountain. The food was expensive and the the mountai

12、n. The food was expensive and the service was service was good. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the good. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment moment mymy head touched the pillowhead touched the pillow. . Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei Mountain in Sichuan. As

13、everyone knows，its famous Mountain with all kind of plants and animals. The weather Was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain，and the three of them were very excited. As we climbed the mountain，we saw monkeys，visiting temples and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the top of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was good. I was so tired that I fell sleep the moment my head touched the pillow.1. famous前加上a.（名