中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)五代詞,數(shù)詞

1、中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)五：代詞考點講解和訓(xùn)練代詞是代替名詞、形容詞和數(shù)詞的詞。按其意義、特征及其在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞和關(guān)系代詞等。一. 人稱代詞1.人稱代詞的人稱、數(shù)和格，如下表所示。 2.人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分。通常主格作主語，賓格作賓語。如： I like table tennis. （作主語）Do you know him?（作賓語）3.人稱代詞還可作表語。作表語時用賓格。如：-Whos is knocking at the door?-Its me.4.人稱代詞在than之后與其他人或事物進(jìn)行比較時，用主格和賓格都可以。如：

2、He is older than me.He is older than I am.二. 物主代詞1.表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞，如下表所示。 2. 形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，可在句中作定語。例如： Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box.3. 名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，在句中可用作主語、賓語和表語。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主語） - Is this English-book yours? （作表語）

3、 - No. Mine is in my bag. I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作賓語）三. 指示代詞 指示代詞包括：this，that，these，those。 1. this和these一般用來指在時間或空間上較近的事物或人，that和those則指時間和空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物或人，例如： This is a pen and that is a pencil In those days the workers had a hard time2. 有時that和those指前面講到過的事物，thi

4、s 和these則是指下面將要講到的事物， I had a cold. That's why I didn't come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English3. 有時為了避免重復(fù)提到的名詞，?？捎胻hat或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai4. this 在電話用語中代表自己，that 則代表對方。例如：Hello!

5、 This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?四. 反身代詞 英語中用來表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我們自己"，"你們自己"等意義的代詞稱為反身代詞，也有人稱之為自身代名詞，其形式如表所示。 1. 作賓語，表示動作的承受者就是動作的發(fā)出者，主語和賓語指同一個人或一些人。 Would you please express yourself in English?2.作主語或賓語的同位語，表示親自或本人。 I myself washed the clothe

6、s（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主語同位語）五. 不定代詞 不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞，在句中可作主語、表語、賓語和定語?，F(xiàn)將幾個常用的不定代詞舉例說明如下：1. some與any的區(qū)別注意：與some, any結(jié)合的詞如something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑問句、條件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的區(qū)別1）用作形容詞：含義用法表示肯定表示否定用于可數(shù)名詞a few

7、雖少，但有幾個few不多，幾乎沒有用于不可數(shù)名詞a little，雖少，但有一點little不多，沒有什么Mary, go a little faster, please. (修飾副詞比較級3. other, the other, another, others, the others的區(qū)別。用 法代名詞形容詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)不定another另一個others別人，其他人another (boy另一個（男孩）other (boys其他男孩特定the other另一個the others其余那些人、物the other (boy另一個男孩the other (boys其余那些男孩1）other

8、可以作形容詞用，后面可以跟單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意思是“其他的、別的”。Where are his other books?I haven't any other books except this one.2）other也可以用作代詞，與冠詞the連用構(gòu)成“the other”，表示兩個人或物中的“另一個”。常與one搭配構(gòu)成“one ., the other .”句型。He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old.She held a ruler in one hand and an exercis

9、e-book in the other.3）other作代詞用時，可以有復(fù)數(shù)“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常與some搭配構(gòu)成“some ., others .”句型。Some went to the cinema, others went swimming.This coat is too large. Show me some others, please.4）“the others”表示特指某范圍內(nèi)的“其他的人或物”。We got home by 4 o'clock, but the others didn't get back until 8 o'cl

10、ock.In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.5）another可以作形容詞用，修飾后面的名詞，意為“另一個”，還可以跟代詞one.You can see another ship in the sea, can't you?Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one?6）another也可以作代詞用，表示“另一個”。I'm still hungry after I've had t

11、his cake. Please give me another.4. every與each的區(qū)別。eachevery1可單獨使用1不可單獨使用2可做代名詞、形容詞2僅作形容詞3著重“個別”3著重“全體”，毫無例外4用于兩者或兩者以上中的每一個人或物4用于三者或三者以上每一個人或物The teacher gave a toy to each child.Each ball has a different colour.當(dāng)我們說each child, each student或each teacher時，我們想到的是一個人的情況。而當(dāng)我們說every child和every student時，我

12、們想到的是全體的情況，every的意思與all接近，表示他們都如此。Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher.Every child likes playing. = All children like playing.5. all和both的用法。1）all指三者以上，或不可數(shù)的東西。謂語動詞既可以用單數(shù)，也可以用作復(fù)數(shù)。在句中作主語、表語、賓語、同位語和定語。All of us like Mr Pope. 我們都喜歡Pope先生。（作主語）= We all like Mr

13、 Pope. (作同位語All the water has been used up. (作主語2）both作代詞。與其他名詞或代詞并列出現(xiàn)，表示“兩個都”。Lucy and Lily both agree with us.They both passed on their sticks at the same time.How are your parents? They're both fine.與“of +代詞（或名詞）”連用，表示“兩者都”。Both of the books are very interesting.單獨使用，表示“兩者（都）”。Michael has two

14、 sons. Both are clever.I don't know which book is the better, I shall read both.3）both用作形容詞，放在名詞之前，修飾該名詞，表示“兩者都”。Both his younger sisters are our classmates. There are tall trees on both sides of the street.六. 相互代詞表示相互關(guān)系的代詞叫做相互代詞。相互代詞有each other 和one another兩種形 式。在當(dāng)代英語中，each other和one another沒有什

15、么區(qū)別。七. 疑問代詞疑問代詞有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑問代詞用于特殊疑問句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作為某一句子成分。八.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞是一種引導(dǎo)從句并起連接主句和從句作用的代詞。關(guān)系代詞有 who, whose,whom,that, which. 它們在句中可用作主語,表語,賓語,定語. 在主句中,它們還代表著從句所修飾的那個名詞或代詞。二. 數(shù)詞的用法數(shù)詞分基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目，序數(shù)詞表示順序。1. 基數(shù)詞的用法(1 基數(shù)詞在句中主要用作主語、賓語、定語、表語、同位語，(2 表示一個具體數(shù)字時，hundred, thousand, mill

16、ion一律不用復(fù)數(shù)；在表示一個不確定數(shù)字時則用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：There are three thousand students in our school.After the war, thousands of people became homeless. (3 表示“十”的數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可用來表示人的歲數(shù)或年代，例如： He died still in his forties This took place in 1930s2. 序數(shù)詞的用法 （1）序數(shù)詞主要用作定語，前面要加定冠詞，例如： John lives on the fifteenth floor （2）序數(shù)詞有時前面可加不定冠詞

17、來表示“再一”，“又一”這樣的意思，例如： We'll have to do it a second time Shall I ask him a third time？ （3）由幾個序數(shù)詞和基數(shù)詞在拼寫時不對應(yīng)，很容易寫錯，應(yīng)特別注意。它們是：one-first, two-second, three-third, five-fifth, eight-eighth, nine-ninth, twelve-twelfth。（4）表示年，月，日時， 年用基數(shù)詞表示，日用序數(shù)詞表示。例如：1949年十月一日讀作: October (the first, nineteen sixty2004年

18、九月十日讀作：September (the tenth, two thousand and four（5）表示分?jǐn)?shù)時，分子用基數(shù)詞表示，分母用序數(shù)詞表示。分子大于1時，分母加-s。three fourths, one second, two fifths（6）序數(shù)詞有時用縮寫形式：first1st                     second2nd third3rd   

19、0;                 fourth4thtwenty-second22nd第一節(jié) 代詞 數(shù)詞( 1. Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running, some like swimming, _ like ball games.A. the others B. others C. the other D. other( 2. _ of the tw

20、o girls is from Beijing.A. All B. Both C. None D. Neither( 3. The weather in summer here is like _ in Beijing.A. this B. that C. it D. its( 4. The room on the right is _.A. her B. she C. Lucys D. Lucy( 5. Where are the students? Are they in _?A. the Room 406 B. Room 406 C. the 406 Room D. 406 Room(

21、6. There are _ people in the factory now.A. thousand of B. two thousands C. thousands of D. thousand( 7. The man over there is my brother. _ is a doctor.A. She B. He C. Hers D. His( 8. I have two cats. One is black, and _ is white.A. another B. some C. other D. the other( 9. Im looking for a babysis

22、ter (保姆. She must be _ too old _ too young.A. neither; nor B. both; and C. either; or D. not only; but also( 10. Whats in your car? - _.A. No one B. Nothing C. Nobody D. None( 11. There are quite a few old books on the shelf, but _ of them is useful to him.A. both B. all C. neither D. none( 12. Ive

23、had enough bread. Would you like _? -No, thanks.A. a few more B. one more C. another more D. some more( 13. The film star is going to spend _ dollars on a new dress for the coming party.A. three thousands B. thousands of C. thousand of D. three thousands of( 14. Did Eric buy any vegetables in the ma

24、rket? - No, he didnt, but he thought _ fish.A. no B. any C. some D. both( 15. It is said that SARS has killed more than _ people worldwide.A. three hundreds B. three hundreds C. three hundreds D. three hundred ( 16. If you want a ticket for a round-trip, sir, youll have to pay _ $8o.A. another B. ot

25、her C. each D. more( 17. The place is not interesting at all. _ of us wants to go there.A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some( 18. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a _one.A. three B. third C. forth D. /( 19. I heard the sports meeting has been put off until _, hasnt it?A. the 3 and 4 B.

26、the 3th and 4th C. the 3 rd and 4th D. four and five( 20. _ of the earth _ made up of oceans.A. Two-third; is B. Two-thirds; is C. Two-third; are D. Two-thirds; are( 21. Most of us dont know _ about how life is formed.A. many B. little C. few D. much( 22. Is this short-wave radio _? -No. it belongs to _.A. yours; me B. yours; his C. her; him D. yours; her( 23. Have you got any books on music? I want to borrow _.-Yes. You can fin