初中英語現(xiàn)在完成時與過去完成時講解與練習

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上一、現(xiàn)在完成時 標志詞：just、already、yet，ever, never , recently , for , since , before ,still now , so far ,   比較 have been to 表示去過，已經回來了。 have gone to 表示去了，還沒有回來。Have been in 表示一直在某個地方 1) I have been to Beijing twice.我去過北京二次。 2) He has gone to Beijing , and he will be back next week. 3) I hav

2、e been in Beijing for three years. He has been a soldier for three years.他參軍三年了。        His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世二年了。        The film has been on for ten minutes.電影已開始十分鐘了。 瞬間性動詞在完成時中如要與表示持續(xù)一段時間的狀語連用，通常用意思相當的持續(xù)性

3、動詞來替換He has been in the army/a soldier for three years. （他參軍已有3年了。）不用has joined She has been up for quite some time. （她起床已有好久了。）不用has got up Has your brother been away from home for a long time? （離家已有好久了嗎？）不用has left since . for 都是完成時的標志詞如：He has taught here since 1981.  他自1981年就在這兒教書。（可能還要繼續(xù)教）

4、           I have't seen her for four years. 我有四年沒見到她了。如單純表示一段時間，或強調一段時間，雖有since一詞，也不必用完成時。It is + 一段時間+ since+ 過去式如：It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世已有三年了。二、過去完成時句中的動作發(fā)生在過去之前（過去的過去），即過

5、去完成時動作發(fā)生在過去的過去。 過去完成時常用的時間狀語有 （1） 、by the end of last year. By the end of last term, we had learned 5000 new words. （2） 、By the time sb. +動詞過去式 The bus had already left by the time I got there. By nine oclock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.狀語從句：在過去不同時間發(fā)生的兩個動作中，發(fā)生在前，用過去完成時；發(fā)生在

6、后，用。如when,before,after,as soon as,till/until引導的。例如：When I woke up, it had already stopped raining.（ 1 ） by + 過去的時間點。如：I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ） by the end of + 過去的時間點。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （ 3 ） before

7、+ 過去的時間點。如：They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 賓語從句中，當賓語從句的主句為一般過去時，且從句的動作先于主句的動作時，從句要用過去完成時。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞后的賓語從句。如：She said that she had seen the film before. 過去完成時-語法區(qū)別（1）、過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別比較：I have learned 1000 English words so far.到目前為止我已經學會了 1000 個英語單詞。

8、I had learned 1000 English words till then.到那時為止我已經學會了 1000 個英語單詞。 （2）、過去完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別 比較：They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday. They arrived at the station at ten yesterday. 練習題1. -Have you ever_Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors?-Yes, I have. A. went to     B. go

9、ne to     C. been in      D. been to2. My parents _ Shangdong for ten years. A. have been in    B. have been to    C. have gone to     D. have been3、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _whats happened to

10、 him . . knew . have known . must know . will know4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written5. Jane has _ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow. A. been B. gone C. went D. never been6. It is ten years _ I last saw her. A. after B. since

11、C. for D. that7.-Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? -I will. I _ her several times. A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet8.He _ at eight yesterday afternoon. A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept9.He _ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had 10. -What a nice d

12、ress! How long _ you _ it? -Just 2 weeks.A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had11.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away12. The Smiths _ in China for 8 years.A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. Live13.These

13、farmers have been to the United States .Really? When _ there ?. will they go .did they go . do they go . have they gone14. He said that it was at least ten years since I _a good drink.A had enjoyed  B was enjoying  C have enjoyed  D have been enjoying15.By the end of 1976， many buildi

14、ngs _built in the city.    A have been  B have  C had been  D will16.-Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black? - Sorry. He _ the Bainiao Park.A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to17.It_ ten years since he left the army. A. is B.was C

15、.has been D.had been18. Our country _ a lot so far .Yes. I hope it will be even _ . has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed; better19.We _five English songs by the end of last term.    A had learned  B  learned   C have learned 

16、60; D will have learned20.When Li Ming hurried home， he found that his mother _already_to hospital.  A has； been sent   B had； sent   C has； sent  D had； been sent21.Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have ma

17、de22. Han Mei told me she _lunch， so she was very hungry.    A has had  B hasn't have  C have had  D hadn't had23. She _her keys in the office, so she had to wait until her husband _home.A has left； comes  B had left； would come  C had left； came  D left； had co