英語語法填空上課課件

1、請準備好你的筆記本、雙色筆請準備好你的筆記本、雙色筆, 極度的學(xué)習(xí)極度的學(xué)習(xí)激情激情! 溫馨提示溫馨提示The world belongs to the energetic.世界屬于充滿活力的人。世界屬于充滿活力的人。語法填空專題（一）語法填空專題（一） 課時規(guī)范練習(xí)：課時規(guī)范練習(xí)：P24Mike: Hello, its it is Carol, isnt it?Carol: Yes, it is You Mike? Oh, my goodness! I havent seen you 1._ ages!Mike: Nice to see 2._ again after all these y

2、ears. What have you been doing?Carol: Well, I tried many things after we left school. I 3._(work) for a large oil company now, uh, in charge of sales, mainly. So I travel a lot.Mike: Oh, thats great! You must 4._(real) enjoy that.Carol: Oh, I do. Yeah, its exciting. Its quite 5._ (tire), though. But

3、, um, what about you, Mike? What do you do?foryouam workingreallytiringMike: I work as a 6._ in a law firm(公司公司). Im practising business law, you know.Carol: Oh! Thats interesting.Mike: Yeah. Im happy doing 7._ I do.Carol: Good.Mike: Anyway, its great to see you. We must get 8._ sometime.Carol: Yes,

4、 we should. Look, give me your 9._ and phone number. Um and then Ill give you a ring and we can fix something up.lawyerwhattogetheradressMike: Right! Well, 938 Eastlake Road, London, and my my phone number is 870901236.Carol: OK. I kept them in my mind, and talk to you 10._ (late). See you!Mike: Bye

5、-bye! later一、語法填空考查的內(nèi)容一、語法填空考查的內(nèi)容 語法和詞匯（考試重點）語法和詞匯（考試重點）上下文連貫性（語境）上下文連貫性（語境）二、語法填空考哪些語法項目？二、語法填空考哪些語法項目？1、名詞；、名詞；2、代詞；、代詞；3、數(shù)詞；、數(shù)詞；4、介詞和介詞短語；、介詞和介詞短語；5、連詞；、連詞；6、形容詞；、形容詞；7、副詞；、副詞；8、冠詞；、冠詞；9、動詞；、動詞；10、時態(tài)；、時態(tài)；11、被動語態(tài)；、被動語態(tài)；12、非謂語動詞；、非謂語動詞；13、構(gòu)詞法；、構(gòu)詞法；14、句子種類；、句子種類；15、句子成分；、句子成分；16、簡單句基本句型；、簡單句基本句型；17、

6、主謂一致；、主謂一致；18、并列復(fù)合句；、并列復(fù)合句；19、主從復(fù)合句；、主從復(fù)合句；20、間接引語；、間接引語；21、省略；、省略；22、倒裝；、倒裝；23、強調(diào)；、強調(diào)；24、虛擬語氣。、虛擬語氣。語法填空題語法填空題能力要求能力要求 詞匯量詞匯量 構(gòu)詞法的變化和運用構(gòu)詞法的變化和運用 較強的句子分析能力與語法運用能力較強的句子分析能力與語法運用能力 對文章大意的理解及上下文語義、語境的對文章大意的理解及上下文語義、語境的邏輯判斷及推理能力邏輯判斷及推理能力解題技巧：解題技巧：1.限定詞限定詞 冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞或作定語用的不冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞或作定語用的不定代詞。定代詞。冠詞冠詞

7、形容詞性物主代形容詞性物主代詞詞作定語用的代詞作定語用的代詞a(一個一個)mysome (一些一些)youran(一個一個)hisanother (另一個另一個)herthe(那個，這個那個，這個)itsother (其他的其他的)our their例題分析：例題分析：I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had _ amazing conversation.anMany newcomers complain about _ same problem.theAlthough some open universities do offer

8、 traditional degrees, now many of the major open education sources offer _ own form of certificate.their2.詞類轉(zhuǎn)換詞類轉(zhuǎn)換詞類轉(zhuǎn)換多以派生詞變化為主，以詞類轉(zhuǎn)換多以派生詞變化為主，以wide為例為例說明。說明。 形容詞形容詞副詞副詞widewidely形容詞形容詞形容詞形容詞比較級比較級/最高級最高級widewider/widest形容詞形容詞名詞名詞widewidth形容詞形容詞動詞動詞wide widen例題分析：例題分析：For some reason he sat beside M

9、ary. Mary felt _ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room.pleasedJane knew from past experience that her_(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.choice3.形容詞和副詞的比較級或最高級形容詞和副詞的比較級或最高級解題技巧如下：解題技巧如下： 第一步：分析結(jié)構(gòu)，確定所給詞在句子中第一步：分析結(jié)構(gòu)，確定所給詞在句子中作定語還是狀語。作定語還是狀語。 第二步：根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)、語境或句子意義確定第二步：根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)

10、、語境或句子意義確定是填比較級還是最高級。是填比較級還是最高級。例題分析：例題分析：I have been trying this for a long time, and the longer I try, the _ (easy) it gets.easierI left it early because I had an appointment _ (late) that day.later4.謂語動詞謂語動詞謂語謂語時態(tài)時態(tài)主動主動被動被動一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時do/doesam/is/are done現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時have/has donehave/has been done現(xiàn)在

11、進行時現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are doingam/is/are being done一般過去時一般過去時didwas/were done過去完成時過去完成時had donehad been done過去進行時過去進行時was/were doingwas/were being done一般將來時一般將來時will dowill be done過去將來時過去將來時would dowould be done例題分析：例題分析：One day，Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the k

12、itchen. Suddenly, he _ (find) that he had run out of salt.foundHer mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking，” Jane _ (inform)was informed5.非謂語動詞非謂語動詞非謂語非謂語(無時態(tài)，有語態(tài)無時態(tài)，有語態(tài))主動主動被動被動doingbeing donehaving donehaving been doneto doto be doneto have doneto have been done例題分析：例題

13、分析：I noticed a man _ (sit) at the front.sitting_ (catch) the early train, youll have to get up early and rush in a taxi.To catchWhether it will do us harm remains _ (see).to be seen_ (fail) twice, he didnt want to try again.Having failed6.介詞介詞before在在(時時空空)之前之前across 橫過、橫過、在在上上till 直直到到like 像像after在

14、在(時時空空)之后之后through 在在中穿中穿過過for 表原因、表原因、目的目的to 表方向表方向above在在上面上面by 在在旁邊，乘船、旁邊，乘船、車等車等behind在在后面后面of 表所屬關(guān)表所屬關(guān)系系over 在在正上方正上方with 表伴隨表伴隨(具具有有)beside 在在旁旁round 在在周周圍圍under 在在正下正下方方at、in、on表時表時間、地點間、地點near附附近近up向上向上on 在在表表面面between表在二表在二者之間者之間along沿沿著著down向向下下 in 在在里里面面among表在三表在三者之間者之間from 來來自自off 遠離遠離a

15、s作為作為 beyond超出超出范圍范圍toward 朝、朝、向向例題分析：例題分析：I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me_a guest in their house.asI didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him _ his own either.on7.情態(tài)動詞和助動詞情態(tài)動詞和助

16、動詞情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞1can，will，shall，may，must，need情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞2could，would，should，might 助動詞助動詞1do，does，did 助動詞助動詞2have，has，had【解題技巧】【解題技巧】1若句子結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語動詞是原形，若句子結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語動詞是原形，特別是與上下文時態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時，很可特別是與上下文時態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時，很可能是填情態(tài)動詞，或強調(diào)謂語的能是填情態(tài)動詞，或強調(diào)謂語的do, does, did, 或構(gòu)或構(gòu)成部分倒裝的助動詞成部分倒裝的助動詞do，does，did等；等；2還要注意有可能是部

17、分倒裝，填助動詞還要注意有可能是部分倒裝，填助動詞have，has，had與主語后的過去分詞以構(gòu)成完成時與主語后的過去分詞以構(gòu)成完成時. 例題分析：例題分析：Never once_I heard anyone shout at Pluto or even raise their voices.have Whats amazing is that Pluto _understand everything dad says.can You have powers you never dreamed of. You can do things you never thought you _do.co

18、uld8.關(guān)聯(lián)詞關(guān)聯(lián)詞定語定語從句從句關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞代詞who (主語主語)whom (賓語賓語)that(主語主語/賓語賓語)which(主語主語/賓語賓語)whose(所所有格有格) as(主語主語/賓語賓語)關(guān)系關(guān)系副詞副詞when(時間時間)where(地點地點)why(原因原因) 名詞名詞性性從句從句連詞連詞that，if，whether連接連接代詞代詞which，who，whom，whose，what，whatever, whoever, 連接連接副詞副詞when，why，where，how(ever)連連詞詞因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系because, as, since, so轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)

19、系though, but假設(shè)關(guān)系假設(shè)關(guān)系if, unless讓步關(guān)系讓步關(guān)系though, although, as, even if時間關(guān)系時間關(guān)系when, while, as, before, after, until, since 結(jié)果關(guān)系結(jié)果關(guān)系so.that.，such.that.比較關(guān)系比較關(guān)系as.as.，than例題分析：例題分析：_ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong.Although/ ThoughMy friends walked me to the bus

20、stop and waited with me _ the bus arrived. untilI heard that theres a weather hotline(熱線熱線) you can call in the morning, _ will tell you the temperature for the day. which其他：其他：He behaved as though nothing _ (happen). had happenedOn the earth about 75% of the surface _(be) covered with water. is：1不斷

21、記憶，積累詞匯。不斷記憶，積累詞匯。 語法填空題對單詞提出了比以前更高的要求，語法填空題對單詞提出了比以前更高的要求，它不但要求考生認識單詞，還要求能寫出一些它不但要求考生認識單詞，還要求能寫出一些要求的單詞。這就要求考生平時要求的單詞。這就要求考生平時不斷地記憶單不斷地記憶單詞，不斷地積累詞匯詞，不斷地積累詞匯，千方百計地把我們的詞，千方百計地把我們的詞匯量提高上去?？荚嚂r才能隨心所欲的寫出單匯量提高上去?？荚嚂r才能隨心所欲的寫出單詞，填出固定搭配。詞，填出固定搭配。：2夯實基礎(chǔ)，學(xué)好語法。夯實基礎(chǔ)，學(xué)好語法。 英語的基礎(chǔ)知識瑣碎繁雜，不是一朝一夕英語的基礎(chǔ)知識瑣碎繁雜，不是一朝一夕就能掌握

22、的，它要求我們平時多聽，多讀，多就能掌握的，它要求我們平時多聽，多讀，多記，夯實自己的基礎(chǔ)知識；我們還要堅定不移記，夯實自己的基礎(chǔ)知識；我們還要堅定不移地加強語法的學(xué)習(xí)，尤其是長句、難句、復(fù)雜地加強語法的學(xué)習(xí)，尤其是長句、難句、復(fù)雜句的分析。只有這樣，才能為綜合能力的提高句的分析。只有這樣，才能為綜合能力的提高打下堅實的基礎(chǔ)。打下堅實的基礎(chǔ)。：3大聲朗讀，培養(yǎng)語感。大聲朗讀，培養(yǎng)語感。 語感是一種對語言、語段或詞句的感受能力，語感是一種對語言、語段或詞句的感受能力，是一種看不見摸不著的東西，但在做完形填空、是一種看不見摸不著的東西，但在做完形填空、語法填空等題時又是必不可少的東西。嫻熟的語法填

23、空等題時又是必不可少的東西。嫻熟的語感的形成不是一蹴而就的，要在平時的學(xué)習(xí)語感的形成不是一蹴而就的，要在平時的學(xué)習(xí)過程中多聽，多讀，尤其是大聲朗讀猶為重要。過程中多聽，多讀，尤其是大聲朗讀猶為重要。在早讀或其他時間，拋開顧忌，放開喉嚨，大在早讀或其他時間，拋開顧忌，放開喉嚨，大聲朗讀，對培養(yǎng)語感是非常重要的。如果通過聲朗讀，對培養(yǎng)語感是非常重要的。如果通過朗讀能夠多背誦一些課文是再好不過的了。語朗讀能夠多背誦一些課文是再好不過的了。語感在你的朗讀和背誦課文的過程中，不知不覺感在你的朗讀和背誦課文的過程中，不知不覺地逐步形成了。地逐步形成了。：4堅持不懈，多做練習(xí)。堅持不懈，多做練習(xí)。 語法填空

24、是一種新題型，考生在前幾年都語法填空是一種新題型，考生在前幾年都不曾練過的。但是高考中又占了總分的十分之不曾練過的。但是高考中又占了總分的十分之一，非常重要。因此要求考生在考前一段時間一，非常重要。因此要求考生在考前一段時間要大量練習(xí)這種題型，不斷練習(xí)，不斷總結(jié)，要大量練習(xí)這種題型，不斷練習(xí)，不斷總結(jié)，不斷提高，高考時才能處變不驚，輕松應(yīng)對。不斷提高，高考時才能處變不驚，輕松應(yīng)對。11 中國政法大學(xué)中國政法大學(xué)12 中央財經(jīng)大學(xué)中央財經(jīng)大學(xué)13 廈門大學(xué)廈門大學(xué)14 南開大學(xué)南開大學(xué)15 同濟大學(xué)同濟大學(xué)16 山東大學(xué)山東大學(xué)17 華中科技大學(xué)華中科技大學(xué)18 中國傳媒大學(xué)中國傳媒大學(xué)19 北

25、京電影學(xué)院北京電影學(xué)院20 華東師范大學(xué)華東師范大學(xué) 31 華南理工大學(xué)華南理工大學(xué)32 華中師范大學(xué)華中師范大學(xué)33 天津大學(xué)天津大學(xué)34 暨南大學(xué)暨南大學(xué)35 北京理工大學(xué)北京理工大學(xué)36 上海財經(jīng)大學(xué)上海財經(jīng)大學(xué)37 西南大學(xué)西南大學(xué)38 中央美術(shù)學(xué)院中央美術(shù)學(xué)院39 中央戲劇學(xué)院中央戲劇學(xué)院40 湖南大學(xué)湖南大學(xué)51 蘇州大學(xué)蘇州大學(xué)51 北京郵電大學(xué)北京郵電大學(xué)53 蘭州大學(xué)蘭州大學(xué)53 華南師范大學(xué)華南師范大學(xué)53 廣州大學(xué)廣州大學(xué)56 西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)57 北京科技大學(xué)北京科技大學(xué)58 對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)58 首都師范大學(xué)首都師范大學(xué)60 上海戲劇學(xué)院上海戲

26、劇學(xué)院71 海南大學(xué)海南大學(xué)72 中國海洋大學(xué)中國海洋大學(xué)73 云南大學(xué)云南大學(xué)74 北京工業(yè)大學(xué)北京工業(yè)大學(xué)75 中國石油大學(xué)中國石油大學(xué)75 陜西師范大學(xué)陜西師范大學(xué)77 西南政法大學(xué)西南政法大學(xué)78 華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)79 首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)79 山東師范大學(xué)山東師范大學(xué)79 上海師范大學(xué)上海師范大學(xué)90 北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院92 北京工商大學(xué)北京工商大學(xué)93 華東理工大學(xué)華東理工大學(xué)94 北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)95 北京體育大學(xué)北京體育大學(xué)96 外交學(xué)院外交學(xué)院97 青島大學(xué)青島大學(xué)98 湖北大學(xué)湖北大學(xué)99 杭州師范大學(xué)杭州師范大學(xué)100 南京理工大學(xué)南京理

27、工大學(xué)Learning Aims: To learn the SubjectVerb Agreement To try to practice the using of agreement.I am a teacher. She often does her homework in the morning. There is only one box on the table.There are 50 students in our class.The group _(be) made up of nine students.The group_ (be) dancing happily.is

28、 isareareThe team The team _ _ (have) some good players. (have) some good players. The team _(be) handsome. The team _(be) handsome. hashasareare主謂一致主謂一致 謂語動詞的數(shù)必須和主語的謂語動詞的數(shù)必須和主語的人稱和數(shù)一致人稱和數(shù)一致, ,這就叫主謂一致這就叫主謂一致. .1.Collective nouns（集體名詞）（集體名詞） 由集體名詞，如由集體名詞，如group, family, class, government, team, enemy

29、, crowd, company, audience等等作主語作主語時時, ,如果看成一個如果看成一個, ,如如果看成果看成. . 注意：集體名詞為注意：集體名詞為 people, police, cattle謂語動詞謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式用復(fù)數(shù)形式e.g. The police are searching for the thief. 1. Nothing _ （be）difficult in the world if you set your mind to it .is 不定代詞不定代詞everybody everyone everything anyone anybody anything

30、 someone somebody something nobody no one nothing each the other 等作主語時等作主語時,謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù). 2. Everything ready. (be)is3. Someone to see you. (want)wants 1. or, either . or, neither . nor, not only . but also, whether.or, not . but在句子中連接主語的時候在句子中連接主語的時候2. 在在there/here be句型中句型中, 。Neither you nor I _(

31、be) wrong. There _(be) a cup of tea and some apples on the table.amis +Verb A , B and CNeither you nor he _ right. (is/are)There _ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are)Here _ a map and a handbook for you. (is/are)1. 或者或者的時候的時候,謂語動詞用謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)。(1) He and I _both students of this

32、school. 我和他都是這個學(xué)校的學(xué)生。我和他都是這個學(xué)校的學(xué)生。(2) Both rice and wheat grown in this part of China. (be)areareThe singer and dancer _(be) on the stage.isThe gift is used to have western meals.What is it?A knife and fork used to have meals.is 由由and連接的兩個連接的兩個，謂語動詞，謂語動詞，這時，這時。1).The worker and writer _ our school t

33、oday.( visit )2).The worker and the writer _ to the meeting . (have come / has come )have comevisits2、當(dāng)當(dāng)主語主語后面跟有后面跟有as well as, as much as, along with, with, together with , like, rather than, but , except, besides, including, more than, beyond, in addition to 等引導(dǎo)的詞組等引導(dǎo)的詞組時，其謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)由主語的單、復(fù)數(shù)而定。時，其謂

34、語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)由主語的單、復(fù)數(shù)而定。1. The teacher with two students _ at the meeting . (was / were)2.E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 3. A library with five thousand books _(be) offered to the nation as a gift. 4. Nobod

35、y but Jane _(know) the secret. 3、定冠詞the + adj.（或過去分詞）結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，表示一類人，謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如如：the brave, the poor, the blind, the sick, the unemployed, the injured等等e.g. The rich are to help the poor. 4、表示、表示，在表示單位數(shù)量用作主語時，通常被看作整在表示單位數(shù)量用作主語時，通常被看作整體，體，。A million dollars _(is/are) really a lot of money.isSixty years

36、 a long time. （be）Three thousand miles a long distance. (be)Fifty kilograms not too heavy to be carried.(be)isisis 1). To hold the Olympic Games_ a rich prize for a country. (be) 2). Choosing what to eat _ no longer as easy as it once was.isis3). What we need more time and more materials. 由由what, wh

37、o, why, how, whether等引導(dǎo)的等引導(dǎo)的，(但所指的具體內(nèi)但所指的具體內(nèi) 容為復(fù)數(shù)意義，則可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式容為復(fù)數(shù)意義，則可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式. What weneed are teachers.)is6. 由分數(shù)或百分數(shù)分數(shù)或百分數(shù)或時，謂語動詞的形式謂語動詞的形式 Lots of damage _(be) caused by the fire. Some students are planting trees. The rest of them _(be) watering them. On the earth about 75% of the surface _(be) cove

38、red with water.wasis7. 由由each, every, no, many a所修飾的名詞，所修飾的名詞，即使用即使用 and連接作主語，謂語動詞一般連接作主語，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)。用單數(shù)。 Each man and woman _ the same rights. A. has B. have C. had D. is having Many a person read the novel. (have) hasAll those who want/wants to go on a journey, please sign your names here.He is one of the students who are/is modest.He is the only one of the students who is/are modest.The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were1. Between the two rows of tre