考研英語翻譯技巧

1、翻譯技巧 正說反譯與反說正譯 詞性的轉(zhuǎn)化 詞義的選擇 語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)變 加譯法 減譯法 語序調(diào)整 拆譯法正說反譯與反說正譯 Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they cant afford not to. 虛榮心不會(huì)變，人只有負(fù)擔(dān)不起的時(shí)候才會(huì)在購物的時(shí)候考慮可持續(xù)性。 Solving the problems of places like Ferguson is less about passing more anti-discrimination laws than about

2、 rekindling economic growth and spreading the proceeds. 要解決像弗格森市這種地方的問題，方法不在于通過更多反歧視法案，而在于重新振興經(jīng)濟(jì)增長并讓更多的人享受到收益。 This top-down conception of the fashion business couldnt be more out of date or at odds with the feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Clines three-year indictment of “fast fas

3、hion”. 這種時(shí)裝業(yè)自上而下的概念太過時(shí)了，與伊麗莎白克萊恩在過度著裝一書中所描繪的狂熱世界不相一致，該書是她歷時(shí)三年對(duì)“快時(shí)尚”的控訴。詞性的轉(zhuǎn)化 Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they cant afford not to. 虛榮心不會(huì)變，人只有負(fù)擔(dān)不起的時(shí)候才會(huì)在購物的時(shí)候考慮可持續(xù)性。 One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they can cut across th

4、e insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts educations and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools. 設(shè)計(jì)和教授此類課程很難，原因之一是美國頂尖大學(xué)一貫堅(jiān)持文科教育與職業(yè)教學(xué)分開，在不同學(xué)院講授，這些課程會(huì)影響到這一做法。詞義的選擇 The White House argued that Arizonas laws conflicted with its enforcement prioriti

5、es, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter. 白宮稱亞利桑那州的法案與聯(lián)邦政府的執(zhí)法優(yōu)先權(quán)相矛盾，即便州法律與聯(lián)邦法一字不差。 Stemming climate change, for example, is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy. 比如，遏制氣候變化，改變消費(fèi)模式、促進(jìn)人們接受稅收政策與發(fā)展?jié)崈裟茉赐瑯?/p>

6、重要。語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)變（被動(dòng)變主動(dòng)） The potential evolution of todays technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and its perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. Thats one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication

7、 dedicated to the near future. 今天技術(shù)的潛在發(fā)展及其社會(huì)后果是極為復(fù)雜的，或許最好還是讓科幻小說作家和未來學(xué)家來探索我們能夠設(shè)想的眾多可能性吧。 The administration was in essence asserting that because it didnt want to carry out Congresss immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. 實(shí)質(zhì)上，聯(lián)邦政府是在主張，因?yàn)樗幌雸?zhí)行國會(huì)的移民管理意愿，所以各州也不允許這么做。加譯法Shielded

8、 by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if its useless. 由于有第三方支付，我們不用為自己的醫(yī)療付費(fèi)，所以我們要求一切可能做到的醫(yī)療服務(wù)，即便是沒用的。Physicians frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient too often offer aggressive

9、 treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified. 內(nèi)科醫(yī)生由于無力治愈癌癥而感到挫敗，并且擔(dān)心病人失去希望，往往提出一些過于積極的治療，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出科學(xué)的合理范圍。 The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts. 唯一的強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)意見來自安東尼斯卡利亞法官，他甚至追溯

10、到客籍法和政治叛亂發(fā)，強(qiáng)烈維護(hù)州政府的特權(quán)。減譯法 If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line. 他們說，如果鐵路對(duì)所有客戶平均收費(fèi)，那些有選擇的托運(yùn)商將會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向汽車

11、或其它運(yùn)輸方式，而留下其他客戶來負(fù)擔(dān)維護(hù)鐵路的成本。語序調(diào)整Take a broader look at our species place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years. 如果從更廣闊的視角看看人類在宇宙中的位置，就會(huì)明白我們就算不能存活數(shù)十萬年，也大可以存活個(gè)數(shù)萬年。The sub-prime crisis triggered by increasing d

12、efaults (failure to pay) as housing prices slip in the U.S. and homeowners cannot afford rising interest rates revealed that these Wall Street firms deserving respect are less than perfect. 隨著美國房價(jià)下跌，業(yè)主負(fù)擔(dān)不起不斷上升的利率，越來越多的人斷供，引發(fā)了次貸危機(jī)。次貸危機(jī)顯示這些值得尊敬的華爾街公司并不完美。Even if a jobs starting salary seems too small

13、to satisfy an emerging adults need for rapid content, the transition from school to work can be less of a setback if the start-up adult is ready for the move.即便一份工作的起薪太低，不能滿足新新成年人想要快速得到滿足的需求，只要他們?yōu)檫@個(gè)步驟做好準(zhǔn)備，對(duì)他們來說從學(xué)校到職場的轉(zhuǎn)變就不會(huì)是那么強(qiáng)烈的挫折。拆譯法 （一般涉及從句） The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has

14、the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ” and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial. 憲法的原則是無可爭議的，只有華盛頓有權(quán)“制定統(tǒng)一的入籍規(guī)范”，聯(lián)邦法高于地方法。 To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal rese

15、arch seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst. 有些人不了解必須通過動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)才能研究出這些療法以及新的療法和疫苗，對(duì)這些人來說，動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)往好里說是浪費(fèi)，往壞里說是殘忍。拆譯法 （一般涉及從句） The conservation group has lobbied local restaurants that offer the classic nine-course banquet served at Cantonese weddings, of which shark-fin is traditionally a part, to offer a no-shark menu as a choice to couples. 一些當(dāng)?shù)夭宛^在廣東人的婚禮上提供經(jīng)典的九道菜筵席，魚翅傳統(tǒng)上就在其中。保護(hù)組