英語(yǔ)考研輔導(dǎo)二應(yīng)用文

1、2015考研英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作輔導(dǎo)（應(yīng)用文）考研英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作輔導(dǎo)（應(yīng)用文）應(yīng)用文復(fù)習(xí)大綱應(yīng)用文復(fù)習(xí)大綱n1.1.應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作格式應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作格式n2.2.書(shū)信類寫(xiě)作格式及分類練習(xí)書(shū)信類寫(xiě)作格式及分類練習(xí)n（咨詢，投訴，介紹，感謝，建議，請(qǐng)求（咨詢，投訴，介紹，感謝，建議，請(qǐng)求道歉，邀請(qǐng)）信道歉，邀請(qǐng)）信n3.3.告示類寫(xiě)作格式告示類寫(xiě)作格式英文寫(xiě)作格式英文寫(xiě)作格式n 1.齊頭式齊頭式 美國(guó)英語(yǔ)和現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)，尤其商務(wù)英語(yǔ)常用。美國(guó)英語(yǔ)和現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)，尤其商務(wù)英語(yǔ)常用。 每段第一行頂格，段與段之間空行。每段第一行頂格，段與段之間空行。 稱呼、正文、落款均頂格書(shū)寫(xiě)。稱呼、正文、落款均頂格書(shū)寫(xiě)。n 2.縮進(jìn)式縮進(jìn)式 英國(guó)英語(yǔ)

2、和傳統(tǒng)英語(yǔ)常用，英國(guó)英語(yǔ)和傳統(tǒng)英語(yǔ)常用，考研寫(xiě)作采用考研寫(xiě)作采用。 段與段之間不空行，每段首行縮進(jìn)段與段之間不空行，每段首行縮進(jìn)4-8個(gè)字母。個(gè)字母。 稱呼頂格，正文縮進(jìn)，落款位于中間偏后。稱呼頂格，正文縮進(jìn)，落款位于中間偏后。書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式n 公務(wù)信函公務(wù)信函 1）推薦，求職，求學(xué)，邀請(qǐng)，詢問(wèn)，回復(fù)，投訴信等）推薦，求職，求學(xué)，邀請(qǐng)，詢問(wèn)，回復(fù)，投訴信等 2）語(yǔ)氣正式，）語(yǔ)氣正式，措辭講究禮貌措辭講究禮貌，清楚明確，直截了當(dāng)。，清楚明確，直截了當(dāng)。 3）段落較短，首末段一般只有一句話。開(kāi)頭一段一句）段落較短，首末段一般只有一句話。開(kāi)頭一段一句話說(shuō)明事由，必要時(shí)，可以再加一句話提及以

3、前書(shū)信的話說(shuō)明事由，必要時(shí)，可以再加一句話提及以前書(shū)信的聯(lián)系?；貜?fù)公務(wù)信函時(shí)，最好說(shuō)明何時(shí)收到關(guān)于何事的聯(lián)系?；貜?fù)公務(wù)信函時(shí)，最好說(shuō)明何時(shí)收到關(guān)于何事的信函。信函。n 私人信函私人信函書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式n 書(shū)信格式書(shū)信格式n 1）稱呼）稱呼salutation sljutenn 2）正文）正文bodyn 3）結(jié)束語(yǔ)）結(jié)束語(yǔ)complimentary closen 4) 簽名簽名signature kmplmentri贊美的；贊美的； 恭維的恭維的書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式n 1. 稱呼的兩種情況稱呼的兩種情況n 1）寫(xiě)給機(jī)構(gòu)）寫(xiě)給機(jī)構(gòu)n 不認(rèn)識(shí)的負(fù)責(zé)人不認(rèn)識(shí)的負(fù)責(zé)人: Dear Sir o

4、r Madam, To Whom It May Concernn 認(rèn)識(shí)負(fù)責(zé)人認(rèn)識(shí)負(fù)責(zé)人: Dear Mr. President, Dear Mr.Wang (使用使用全名或姓全名或姓)n 2）寫(xiě)給個(gè)人）寫(xiě)給個(gè)人n 關(guān)系不親密：關(guān)系不親密： Dear Mr. President, Dear Mr.Wang (使用使用全名或姓全名或姓)n 關(guān)系親密：關(guān)系親密：Dear Michael, (直呼其名直呼其名)n 注意：稱呼是書(shū)信的開(kāi)頭部分，注意：稱呼是書(shū)信的開(kāi)頭部分， 一般用一般用dear 開(kāi)頭，注意開(kāi)頭，注意頭銜的使用，頭銜的使用，考研寫(xiě)作要求，稱呼后面用逗號(hào)，不用冒號(hào)。考研寫(xiě)作要求，稱呼后面用逗

5、號(hào)，不用冒號(hào)。書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式n 2. 正文：正文： 考研應(yīng)用文一般有三點(diǎn)提綱，即三個(gè)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，但一般去掉了提考研應(yīng)用文一般有三點(diǎn)提綱，即三個(gè)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，但一般去掉了提綱序號(hào)。必須嚴(yán)格按照大綱要求寫(xiě)成三句，每句表達(dá)一個(gè)提綱要綱序號(hào)。必須嚴(yán)格按照大綱要求寫(xiě)成三句，每句表達(dá)一個(gè)提綱要點(diǎn)，順序不要打亂，做到條理清晰，簡(jiǎn)明準(zhǔn)確。書(shū)信作文一般點(diǎn)，順序不要打亂，做到條理清晰，簡(jiǎn)明準(zhǔn)確。書(shū)信作文一般7-8句，首尾兩段可套用固定句型。考生應(yīng)該清楚，句，首尾兩段可套用固定句型。考生應(yīng)該清楚，不管大作文還不管大作文還是小作文，最好都寫(xiě)成三段。是小作文，最好都寫(xiě)成三段。正文有兩種寫(xiě)法：正文有兩種寫(xiě)法：n 寫(xiě)法

6、一：適用于基礎(chǔ)一般的同學(xué)，首尾兩段可以用自我介紹、表寫(xiě)法一：適用于基礎(chǔ)一般的同學(xué)，首尾兩段可以用自我介紹、表示感謝、期待回信等套話，只需在第二段將所給提綱改成三句。示感謝、期待回信等套話，只需在第二段將所給提綱改成三句。n 1.首段首段n 1）自我介紹：）自我介紹：1句句n 我是貴公司的一名職員。我是貴公司的一名職員。n I am a staff member from your company/corporation.n 我是北京大學(xué)中文系的一名大一我是北京大學(xué)中文系的一名大一/大二大二/大三大三/大四學(xué)生大四學(xué)生/本科生本科生/研研究生。究生。n I am a freshman /soph

7、omore/ junior/ senior/ undergraduate/ graduate from the department of Chinese Language and Literature of Peking University.書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式n 2)寫(xiě)作目的：寫(xiě)作目的：1句句n 我寫(xiě)這封信的目的是訂購(gòu)一些書(shū)籍。我寫(xiě)這封信的目的是訂購(gòu)一些書(shū)籍。n I am writing the letter in purpose of placing an order of some books.n 我寫(xiě)這封信是想告訴您我想辭職。我寫(xiě)這封信是想告訴您我想辭職。n I am writ

8、ing to inform you that I wish to resign from my current post/ position.n 2.第二段：第二段：3句句n （1）改寫(xiě)提綱一：）改寫(xiě)提綱一：1句句n （2）改寫(xiě)提綱二：）改寫(xiě)提綱二：1句句n （3）改寫(xiě)提綱三：）改寫(xiě)提綱三：1句句書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式n 3.尾段：尾段：1-2句，可先寫(xiě)期待回信，再寫(xiě)表示感謝。句，可先寫(xiě)期待回信，再寫(xiě)表示感謝。n （1）表示感謝：）表示感謝：1句，部分私人書(shū)信通常不用表示感謝。句，部分私人書(shū)信通常不用表示感謝。n 我對(duì)您慷慨幫助的感謝難以言表。我對(duì)您慷慨幫助的感謝難以言表。n My than

9、ks for you to your generous help are beyond words.n 感激之情，溢于言表。感激之情，溢于言表。n Words fail me when I want to express my sincere gratitude.n 我想借此機(jī)會(huì)向您表示衷心的感謝。我想借此機(jī)會(huì)向您表示衷心的感謝。n I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation to the kind assistance you render me.書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式n (2)期待回信：期待回信：1句句n 我期待著盡

10、快收到您的回信。我期待著盡快收到您的回信。n I look forward to hearing from you soon.n 期待您在方便時(shí)盡快給予我圓滿的答復(fù)。期待您在方便時(shí)盡快給予我圓滿的答復(fù)。n I am looking forward to your favorable reply at your earliest convenience.n 十分感謝您對(duì)我的詢問(wèn)給予及時(shí)的關(guān)注。十分感謝您對(duì)我的詢問(wèn)給予及時(shí)的關(guān)注。n Your prompt attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式n 寫(xiě)法二：基

11、礎(chǔ)較好的同學(xué)，若想取得考研寫(xiě)作的高分，關(guān)鍵是寫(xiě)法二：基礎(chǔ)較好的同學(xué)，若想取得考研寫(xiě)作的高分，關(guān)鍵是少用套話。自我介紹、表示感謝、期待回信等套話可不寫(xiě)。少用套話。自我介紹、表示感謝、期待回信等套話可不寫(xiě)。n 1.首段：首段：2句，改寫(xiě)提綱一，一般即寫(xiě)作目的。句，改寫(xiě)提綱一，一般即寫(xiě)作目的。n 2.第二段：第二段：3句句n 1）改寫(xiě)提綱二：）改寫(xiě)提綱二：1句句n 2）兩點(diǎn)原因或情況：）兩點(diǎn)原因或情況：2句句n 3.尾段：尾段：3句句 （若無(wú)提綱三，可寫(xiě)表示感謝，期待回信）（若無(wú)提綱三，可寫(xiě)表示感謝，期待回信）n 1）改寫(xiě)提綱三：）改寫(xiě)提綱三：1句句n 2）兩點(diǎn)原因或情況：）兩點(diǎn)原因或情況：2句句n

12、 3）小結(jié)：）小結(jié)：1句，可不寫(xiě)句，可不寫(xiě)書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式書(shū)信寫(xiě)作格式n 3. 結(jié)束語(yǔ)：第一個(gè)字母大寫(xiě)，后面加逗號(hào)。可通用結(jié)束語(yǔ)：第一個(gè)字母大寫(xiě)，后面加逗號(hào)?？赏ㄓ肶ours sincerely, 按與收信人的親密程度分為兩大類按與收信人的親密程度分為兩大類n 1）公務(wù)信函：）公務(wù)信函：n Yours sincerely; Yours truly; Yours respectfullyn 2) 私人信函：私人信函： n Yours sincerely; Yours lovingly; Yours ; Yours cordially, Yours faithfully; Yours affectio

13、natelyn 4.簽名簽名n 一般為一般為“Li Ming”,不要用真名。不要用真名。2014年寫(xiě)作真題年寫(xiě)作真題小作文小作文n Directions : write a letter of about 100 words to the president of your university, suggesting how to improve students physical condition.n You should include the details you think necessary.n You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHE

14、ETn Do not sign your name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming instead.n Do not write the address.寫(xiě)作注意事項(xiàng)寫(xiě)作注意事項(xiàng)n 1.公務(wù)書(shū)信，正式文體。不應(yīng)出現(xiàn)縮寫(xiě)、省略、口語(yǔ)表公務(wù)書(shū)信，正式文體。不應(yīng)出現(xiàn)縮寫(xiě)、省略、口語(yǔ)表達(dá)等非正式語(yǔ)言。達(dá)等非正式語(yǔ)言。n 2.正文最好分三段。首段進(jìn)行自我介紹，表明寫(xiě)作目的：正文最好分三段。首段進(jìn)行自我介紹，表明寫(xiě)作目的：就改善同學(xué)們的體質(zhì)狀況提出建議。第二段具體提出兩就改善同學(xué)們的體質(zhì)狀況提出建議。第二段具體提出兩到三點(diǎn)建議：經(jīng)常進(jìn)行體育鍛煉、均衡飲食、保持

15、樂(lè)觀到三點(diǎn)建議：經(jīng)常進(jìn)行體育鍛煉、均衡飲食、保持樂(lè)觀等。尾段對(duì)校長(zhǎng)采納建議表示感謝，并期待盡快得到答等。尾段對(duì)校長(zhǎng)采納建議表示感謝，并期待盡快得到答復(fù)。復(fù)。n 3. 考研原則為：簡(jiǎn)潔、地道、舒服。最新大綱對(duì)滿分作考研原則為：簡(jiǎn)潔、地道、舒服。最新大綱對(duì)滿分作文的要求為：自然、流暢，因此盲目堆砌很多蹩腳的難文的要求為：自然、流暢，因此盲目堆砌很多蹩腳的難詞長(zhǎng)句會(huì)適得其反，導(dǎo)致低分。詞長(zhǎng)句會(huì)適得其反，導(dǎo)致低分。n Dear Sir or Madam.n Nowaday, there are many students who have a poor physical condition. Ther

16、efore we should offord some suggestions and take it seriously.n First of all, the teacher ought to lead the studenta good attitude toward physical condition. Besides, it takes us some time to do some sports after the study. Whats more, we should help those who neglect the physical condition correct

17、their mistake. Only in this way can we win respect from other. All of above, in order to study well, we must have a good physical condition.n There is no doubt that if we do those things well, well grow up happily and healthily in the future.n Sincerelyn Li Mingn Dear Sir or Madam.n Nowaday, there a

18、re many students who have a poor physical condition. Therefore we should offord some suggestions and take it seriously.n First of all, the teacher ought to lead the students good attitude toward physical condition. Besides, it takes us some time to do some sports after the study. Whats more, we shou

19、ld help those who neglect the physical condition correct their mistake. Only in this way can we win respect from other. All of above, in order to study well, we must have a good physical condition.n There is no doubt that if we do those things well, well grow up happily and healthily in the future.n

20、 Sincerelyn Li Mingn Dear Mr. President,n I am an undergraduate student majoring in Tourism Management in our university. The purpose of my letter is to propose several conducive suggestions regarding how to improve students physical health.n Above all, it is necessary for college students to choose

21、 jogging, playing basketball, swimming, skating, climbing or riding as their regular exercises in that exercises never fail to make us stronger and more energetic. What is more, since a balanced diet and sufficient sleep are both indispensable to physical fitness, university students should put grea

22、t emphasis on good habits.n If you are so kind as to take my proposals into consideration, I would be greatly honored. Your prompt attention to my recommendation would be highly appreciated.n Yours sincerely,n Li Ming有助于有助于的的 kndju:sv應(yīng)用文練習(xí)應(yīng)用文練習(xí)2013英語(yǔ)一真題英語(yǔ)一真題n Directions:n Write an email of about 100

23、 words to a foreign teacher in your college, inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English Speech contest.n You should include the details you think necessary.n You should write neatly on the Answer Sheet.n Do not sign your name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming instead.n Do not write

24、 the address.命題解析命題解析n 1）給外教的給外教的公務(wù)邀請(qǐng)信公務(wù)邀請(qǐng)信.n2）首段自我介紹，表明寫(xiě)作目的；次段）首段自我介紹，表明寫(xiě)作目的；次段介紹具體細(xì)節(jié)：如比賽情況，邀請(qǐng)?jiān)蚧蚪榻B具體細(xì)節(jié)：如比賽情況，邀請(qǐng)?jiān)蚧蜇?fù)擔(dān)食宿交通費(fèi)用等；尾段表示感謝并期負(fù)擔(dān)食宿交通費(fèi)用等；尾段表示感謝并期待回音。待回音。n Dear Professor Schipper:n On behalf of all the students at this university who share a love for the English language, I am writing this e-

25、mail to cordially invite you to be our honorable judge for an English speech contest.n As you are one of the leading experts in the English language in China, I believe that the students will not only be able to learn from you, but to be inspired as well. We are hoping that you will be available at

26、2:00 p.m on January 5, 2014. There will be two hours allocated for the contest and 30 minutes for the question and answer session.n If you are interested in coming to our university for the contest, please reply as soon as possible. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 告示類寫(xiě)作格式告示類寫(xiě)作格式n 告示：標(biāo)題，日期，正文，署名告示：標(biāo)題，日期，正文，

27、署名n 一一)標(biāo)題：告示類應(yīng)用文必須寫(xiě)標(biāo)題，標(biāo)題一般為短語(yǔ)。其標(biāo)題：告示類應(yīng)用文必須寫(xiě)標(biāo)題，標(biāo)題一般為短語(yǔ)。其中實(shí)詞首字母大寫(xiě)，虛詞（介詞、冠詞、連詞）除作為短語(yǔ)中實(shí)詞首字母大寫(xiě)，虛詞（介詞、冠詞、連詞）除作為短語(yǔ)首詞外都不大寫(xiě)?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：首詞外都不大寫(xiě)?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：n 1.名詞結(jié)構(gòu)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)n 1）通知：）通知：Notice ,Announcement(通告通告)，Notice of Decision(決定通知決定通知)， Notice of Dismissal(免職通知免職通知)n 2）啟事：）啟事：Removal(遷移啟事遷移啟事)，Acknowledgements(鳴謝鳴謝) Correc

28、tions(更正啟事更正啟事)，Invitation for Bids(招標(biāo)啟事招標(biāo)啟事)n 3）其他：）其他：Note（便條（便條)， Preface(書(shū)刊序言書(shū)刊序言)，Pact(公約公約)，告示類寫(xiě)作格式告示類寫(xiě)作格式n 2.名詞名詞+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 Contributions wanted(征稿啟事征稿啟事)， Child Lost(尋子啟事尋子啟事)n 3.現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞+名詞：名詞： Looking for a Spouse(征偶啟事征偶啟事)， Exchanging Houses(換房啟事?lián)Q房啟事)n 4.介詞結(jié)構(gòu)：介詞結(jié)構(gòu)： For an Exchange of Jobs(

29、換工作啟事?lián)Q工作啟事)二二.日期：日期： 書(shū)信類不要求寫(xiě)日期，但告示類一般需要注明日期，寫(xiě)書(shū)信類不要求寫(xiě)日期，但告示類一般需要注明日期，寫(xiě)在標(biāo)題下一行右側(cè)，右端與右邊線對(duì)齊。常見(jiàn)寫(xiě)法為在標(biāo)題下一行右側(cè)，右端與右邊線對(duì)齊。常見(jiàn)寫(xiě)法為January 4, 2014等。等。n 二）正文，根據(jù)題目要求，寫(xiě)一到三段。一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)二）正文，根據(jù)題目要求，寫(xiě)一到三段。一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，也可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示近期即將發(fā)生的事或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，也可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示近期即將發(fā)生的事情。情。n 開(kāi)頭句型：開(kāi)頭句型：n 1）Your attention, pleasen 2) It has been decided t

30、hatn 3) May I have your attention, please?n 4) This is to note thatn 5) It is hereby noted/announced/ proclaimed / made public thatn 6) Owing to / Due to /because of/ in order to, we beg to inform thatn 四）四） 署名：個(gè)人或公告單位，后者實(shí)詞首字母大寫(xiě)。署名：個(gè)人或公告單位，后者實(shí)詞首字母大寫(xiě)。2010年英語(yǔ)一真題年英語(yǔ)一真題n Directions : You are supposed to

31、 write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization. The notice should include the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.n You should write about 100 words on Answer Sheet 2.n Do not sign your

32、 own name at the end of the notice. Use “postgraduate association” instead.Volunteers Neededn To improve students ability and enrich extracurricular activities, the Postgraduate Association is recruiting volunteers for an international conference on globalization to be held on April 10, 2010 in Beij

33、ing. To begin with, applicants should have Chinese nationality, strong professional spirit, cheerful personality and be aged under 35. In addition, candidates must have outstanding skills at English listening comprehension and the ability to speak Chinese and English fluently. Finally, students with

34、 relevant professional experience are preferred. Those graduate students who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before February 1, 2010. Everybody is welcome to join in it. January 9, 2010Postgraduate Association2010年英語(yǔ)一真題年英語(yǔ)一真題n Directions : The Studen

35、ts Union of your department is planning a Chinese Speaking Contest. Write an announcement which covers the following information.n 1) the purpose of the contest,n 2) time and place of the contest,n 3)what is required of the candidates, n 4)details of the judges and awardsn You should write about 100

36、 words. Do not sign your name at the end. Use Department of Chinese Language and Literature at the end of the announcement.中文演講比賽中文演講比賽2015年年1月月17日日 為了提高同學(xué)們的中文演講能力并豐富課外活動(dòng)，中為了提高同學(xué)們的中文演講能力并豐富課外活動(dòng)，中文系學(xué)生會(huì)將于下周六（文系學(xué)生會(huì)將于下周六（1月月24日）在學(xué)生禮堂組織一日）在學(xué)生禮堂組織一場(chǎng)全校中文演講比賽。有興趣參加的同學(xué)請(qǐng)于下周二之場(chǎng)全校中文演講比賽。有興趣參加的同學(xué)請(qǐng)于下周二之前在本班班長(zhǎng)處報(bào)名。

37、我們將邀請(qǐng)五位教授擔(dān)任評(píng)委，前在本班班長(zhǎng)處報(bào)名。我們將邀請(qǐng)五位教授擔(dān)任評(píng)委，并給前六名獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)哳C獎(jiǎng)。歡迎大家積極參加。并給前六名獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)哳C獎(jiǎng)。歡迎大家積極參加。中文系學(xué)生會(huì)中文系學(xué)生會(huì)Chinese Speaking ContestJanuary 17, 2015 To improve students ability to speak Chinese and enrich after-class activities, the Students Union of Department of Chinese Language and Literature is organizing a schoo

38、l-wide Chinese speaking contest on Saturday next week (24 January) at the Students Auditorium. Those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before Tuesday next week. Five professors will be invited to be judges. The first six winners will be given award

39、s. Everybody is welcome to be present at the contest.The Students UnionDepartment of Chinese Language and Literaturen建議信核心詞匯：建議信核心詞匯：(suggest, propose, imperative, such as, takeinto consideration, for the sake of, hesitate, hope, appreciate)n我寫(xiě)此信是為了就限制塑料袋的使用給您提一些可行的建議。我寫(xiě)此信是為了就限制塑料袋的使用給您提一些可行的建議。(sug

40、gestion)nI am writing to put forward some practical suggestions on limiting the use of disposable plastic bags.n為了解決這一棘手問(wèn)題，我想提出以下建議。為了解決這一棘手問(wèn)題，我想提出以下建議。(propose v.建議，提出建議，提出)nTo crack this hard nut, I would like to propose several practical recommendations as follows. n我想建議圖書(shū)館多買一些有關(guān)奧運(yùn)的書(shū)籍，這樣我們就能更多地了解

41、奧運(yùn)。我想建議圖書(shū)館多買一些有關(guān)奧運(yùn)的書(shū)籍，這樣我們就能更多地了解奧運(yùn)。(suggest建議，提出，使想起建議，提出，使想起 )nI would like to suggest that more books about the Olympic Games be purchased so that we can know more about it.n首先在超市禁止使用一次性塑料袋是非常必要的。首先在超市禁止使用一次性塑料袋是非常必要的。(imperative, 緊急的，緊急的， 必要的必要的)nFirst and foremost, it is imperative for us to ba

42、n the free use of disposable plastic bags in the supermarkets.n此外，我們還應(yīng)該開(kāi)發(fā)一些可以替代一次性塑料購(gòu)物袋的產(chǎn)品，比如紙袋或此外，我們還應(yīng)該開(kāi)發(fā)一些可以替代一次性塑料購(gòu)物袋的產(chǎn)品，比如紙袋或布袋。布袋。(such as)nWe should develop possible alternative forms to replace them, such as paper or clothing bags.nWe should develop possible alternative forms to replace them,

43、 such as paper or clothing bags.n當(dāng)你作決定時(shí)需要考慮如下因素。當(dāng)你作決定時(shí)需要考慮如下因素。(takeinto consideration)nYou need to take the following factors into consideration when you make a decision.n出于將來(lái)就業(yè)的考慮，我認(rèn)為你選擇計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)是一個(gè)好主意。出于將來(lái)就業(yè)的考慮，我認(rèn)為你選擇計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)是一個(gè)好主意。(for the sake of)nFor the sake of future employment, it will be good ide

44、a for you to choose computer science as your major.n如果讓我在二者之間做選擇的話，我會(huì)毫不猶豫選擇后者。如果讓我在二者之間做選擇的話，我會(huì)毫不猶豫選擇后者。(hesitate)nWere it left to me to make a choice between them, I will not hesitate to prefer the latter.n我由衷地希望我以上的建議能有所助益。我由衷地希望我以上的建議能有所助益。 (hope)nI do hope you will find the above proposals condu

45、cive and constructive.n非常感謝您及時(shí)回復(fù)我所提的建議。非常感謝您及時(shí)回復(fù)我所提的建議。(appreciate)nYour prompt attention to my suggestions would be highly appreciated.n2.感謝信核心詞匯感謝信核心詞匯(express, unfortunately, move, accept, inform, imagine, with, possible)n1) 我想借此機(jī)會(huì)表達(dá)對(duì)圖書(shū)管理人員的由衷感謝。我想借此機(jī)會(huì)表達(dá)對(duì)圖書(shū)管理人員的由衷感謝。(express)nI want to take this

46、opportunity to express our heartfelt thanks to what librarians have done for us.n2) 我被他們的細(xì)心、耐心、專業(yè)技能和禮貌深深感動(dòng)了。我被他們的細(xì)心、耐心、專業(yè)技能和禮貌深深感動(dòng)了。(move)nI am greatly moved by their carefulness, patience, professional skill and hospitality.n3) 我真得非常感謝你為希望工程所做的貢獻(xiàn)。我真得非常感謝你為希望工程所做的貢獻(xiàn)。(appreciate)nI really appreciate

47、your contribution to the Project Hope.n4) 請(qǐng)?jiān)俅谓邮芪艺\(chéng)摯的謝意，我永遠(yuǎn)難忘你給我的及時(shí)幫助。請(qǐng)?jiān)俅谓邮芪艺\(chéng)摯的謝意，我永遠(yuǎn)難忘你給我的及時(shí)幫助。(accept)nPlease accept my most cordial thanks for your timely help, which I will never forget.n5) 我當(dāng)時(shí)正在考慮放棄學(xué)業(yè)，就在這時(shí)候，老師告訴我可以申請(qǐng)助學(xué)貸款來(lái)完成學(xué)我當(dāng)時(shí)正在考慮放棄學(xué)業(yè)，就在這時(shí)候，老師告訴我可以申請(qǐng)助學(xué)貸款來(lái)完成學(xué)業(yè)。業(yè)。(inform)nI was thinking of quit. B

48、ut just at that moment, my teacher came to inform me that I could make out a student loan as a financial aid for my study.n6) 你無(wú)法想象當(dāng)我獲知我的助學(xué)貸款申請(qǐng)獲得批準(zhǔn)時(shí)是多么開(kāi)心。你無(wú)法想象當(dāng)我獲知我的助學(xué)貸款申請(qǐng)獲得批準(zhǔn)時(shí)是多么開(kāi)心。(imagine)nYou cannot imagine how overjoyed I was when I learned that my application was approved.n7) 憑借你們的助學(xué)貸款，我度過(guò)了那些最

49、艱難的日子，并且以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)從學(xué)校畢憑借你們的助學(xué)貸款，我度過(guò)了那些最艱難的日子，并且以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)從學(xué)校畢業(yè)。業(yè)。(with), nWith the loan you lent me I was able to get through those hard days and graduated with honors.n8) 再次感謝你們的幫助，它使眾多像我這樣的年輕人接受了良好的高等教育。再次感謝你們的幫助，它使眾多像我這樣的年輕人接受了良好的高等教育。Thank you again for your aid, which made it possible for many young pe

50、ople like me to have received good higher education.n3. 求職信核心詞匯求職信核心詞匯(learn, be interested in, be related to, candidate, reason, educational, experience, contribute to, grant, wonder )n1) 今天早上我從今天早上我從中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)上獲知貴公司正在招聘一名兼職校錯(cuò)員。上獲知貴公司正在招聘一名兼職校錯(cuò)員。(learn)nI have learned from China Daily this morning th

51、at your company is hiring a part-time proofreader.n2) 我對(duì)找一份具有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作非常感興趣。我對(duì)找一份具有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作非常感興趣。(be interested in)nI am keenly interested in seeking such a challenging position.n3) 我認(rèn)為，我的教育背景和個(gè)人經(jīng)歷都和貴方的要求直接相關(guān)。我認(rèn)為，我的教育背景和個(gè)人經(jīng)歷都和貴方的要求直接相關(guān)。(be related to)nI believe that both my educational background and exp

52、erience are directly related to your needs.n4) 我希望你們能把握作為報(bào)紙所招聘職位的候選人予以考慮。我希望你們能把握作為報(bào)紙所招聘職位的候選人予以考慮。(candidate)nI would like to be considered as a candidate for the position advertised in China Daily.n5) 我認(rèn)為，我完全具備做志愿者的資格，理由如下。我認(rèn)為，我完全具備做志愿者的資格，理由如下。(reason)nI feel I am well qualified to be a volunteer

53、 for 2008 Olympic Games for the following reasons.n6) 就我的教育背景而言，我是這個(gè)崗位的合適人選。我三年前畢業(yè)于北就我的教育背景而言，我是這個(gè)崗位的合適人選。我三年前畢業(yè)于北大并獲得英國(guó)文學(xué)碩士學(xué)位。大并獲得英國(guó)文學(xué)碩士學(xué)位。(educational)nAs far as my educational background is concerned, I will be the right person for the position. I graduated with distinction from Peking University

54、 three years ago, with a Masters degree in English Literature.n7) 除了我的教育背景外，我還具備在大的體育賽事中做兼職除了我的教育背景外，我還具備在大的體育賽事中做兼職志愿者的經(jīng)歷。因此，我有你們所希望的候選人應(yīng)具備的能志愿者的經(jīng)歷。因此，我有你們所希望的候選人應(yīng)具備的能力。力。(experience)nAlong with my education, I also have the experience of being a part-time volunteer in the several sport events. The

55、refore, I may have the ability you re looking for.n8) 我對(duì)英語(yǔ)的興趣和語(yǔ)言熟練程度使我更加具備這個(gè)崗位對(duì)我對(duì)英語(yǔ)的興趣和語(yǔ)言熟練程度使我更加具備這個(gè)崗位對(duì)候選人資質(zhì)方面的需要。候選人資質(zhì)方面的需要。(contribute to)nMy interest in English and skills in language proficiency contribute to qualification for this position.n9) 我希望，你能給我提供一個(gè)在久負(fù)盛名的貴公司工作的機(jī)我希望，你能給我提供一個(gè)在久負(fù)盛名的貴公司工作的機(jī)會(huì)。會(huì)。(grant)nI do hope you can grant me a chance to work in your prestigious company.n10)我想知道，你是否能夠在方便時(shí)給我安排一次工作面試。我想知道，你是否能夠在方便時(shí)給我安排一次工作面試。(wonder)nI wonder if you could arrange a job interview for me at your convenience.n4. 申請(qǐng)信核心詞匯：申請(qǐng)信核心詞匯：(further, interest, introduction, d