2020年高考英語(yǔ)試題(山東卷)(試題+答案+解析)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)2020年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試 (山東卷)英 語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后, 再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié), 滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分, 滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B

2、、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APOETRY CHALLENGEWrite a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life. Prizes3 Grand Prizes: Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winners choice. Trip includes round-trip air ticke

3、ts, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World. 6 First Prizes: The book Sky Pioneer：A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch. 50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50

4、honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earharts final flight. RulesFollow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines. Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You m

5、ay use both the front and back of the paper. On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date. Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year. 1. How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip? A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Six. 2. What wi

6、ll each of the honorable mention winners get? A. A plane ticket.B. A book by Corinne Szabo. C. A special T-shirt.D. A photo of Amelia Earhart. 3. Which of the following will result in disqualification? A. Typing your poem out.B. Writing a poem of 120 words. C. Using both sides of the paper.D. Mailin

7、g your entry on October 30. BJenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelors

8、 degree. Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition（學(xué)費(fèi)）, because there was no extra money s

9、et aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing somethin

10、g she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as

11、she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times. Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed（犧牲）to achieve her goal, giving up many nights wit

12、h her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate an

13、d an inspiration to her family and thats pretty powerful. 4. What did Jennifer do after high school? A. She helped her dad with his work. B. She ran the family farm on her own. C. She supported herself through college. D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home. 5. Why did Jennifer choose the pr

14、ogram at Ministry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield? A. To take care of her kids easily.B. To learn from the best nurses. C. To save money for her parents.D. To find a well-paid job there. 6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal? A. Her health. B. Her time with family. C. Her reputatio

15、n.D. Her chance of promotion. 7. What can we learn from Jenifers story? A. Time is money.B. Love breaks down barriers. C. Hard work pays off.D. Education is the key to success. CIn the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken a

16、nd having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea. His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central

17、 Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who pic

18、ked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers. This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr. Bissell admires the architectural wonders, whil

19、e on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral (葬禮) followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea. Mr. Bissell s

20、killfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or

21、even a piece of reportage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions. 8. What made Mr. Bissell return to Uzbekistan? A. His friends invitation.B. His interest in the country. C. His love for teaching.D. His desire to regain health. 9. What d

22、oes the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Developing a serious mental disease. B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia. C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea. 10. Which of the following best describes Mr. Bissells road trip in Uzbekistan?

23、A. Romantic.B. Eventful.C. Pleasant.D. Dangerous. 11. What is the purpose of this text? A. To introduce a book.B. To explain a cultural phenomenon. C. To remember a writer.D. To recommend a travel destination. DAccording to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consum

24、ption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions (份), its the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. To test the effect of social influence on eating h

25、abits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly (表面上) participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers gra

26、bbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds. Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food th

27、an they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin. For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit

28、 but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces. The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when were making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “Ill have what shes having” effect. However, well adjust the

29、influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, Ill hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, Ill follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why cant I?12. What is the recent study mainly about? A. Food safety.B. Movie viewersh

30、ip. C. Consumer demand.D. Eating behavior. 13. What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. Big eaters.B. Overweight persons. C. Picky eaters. D. Tall thin persons. 14. Why did the researchers hire the actor? A. To see how she would affect the participants. B. To test if the

31、 participants could recognize her. C. To find out what she would do in the two tests. D. To study why she could keep her weight down. 15. On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph? A. How hungry we are.B. How slim we want to be.C. How we perceive others.D. How we fee

32、l about the food. 第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2. 5分, 滿分12. 5分）閱讀下面短文, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 16 Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master. People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and c

33、omfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.” 17 Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection. Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares

34、about any mistake is the one who is speaking. Peoples attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speakers message. So, dont stop speaking when you make a mistake unless its a truly serious one. 18 Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. 19 And like

35、everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis. 20 Its rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, you probably cant count the times that youve thought, “Im glad that talk is o

36、ver. It seemed to go on forever!” So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. Its better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. A. Do the opposite. B. You want to be an

37、 effective public speaker. C. You dont need to apologize for a minor slip. D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners. G However, the majority of people

38、 are effective speakers because they train to be. 第二部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young

39、age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there werent enough trees to protect them fr

40、om the 27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 31 young plants in

41、 the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each sapling (幼樹) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water would then drip (滴落) on the plants below. Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 ac

42、res of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 21. A. dreamB. jobC. homeD. choice22. A. natureB. youthC. cultureD. knowledge23. A. preciousB. interestingC. disturbingD. awkward24. A. wasteB. tensionC. painD. damage25. A. BesidesB. HoweverC. ThereforeD. Otherwise26. A. a

43、greedB. realizedC. rememberedD. predicted27. A. noiseB. heatC. diseaseD. dust28. A. directionsB. partnersC. helpD. shelter29. A. laborB. policeC. forestD. finance30. A. rebuiltB. discoveredC. leftD. managed31. A. DecoratingB. ObservingC. WateringD. Guarding32. A. toughB. illegalC. fantasticD. benefi

44、cial33. A. backB. topC. footD. side34. A. cool downB. keep offC. purifyD. collect35. A. returnedB. learnedC. failedD. continued第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1. 5分, 滿分15分）閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centurie

45、s, 36 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 37 until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38 (form) the core collection of the

46、 British Museum 39 opened in 1759. The parts of a museum open to the public 40 (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museums collection 41 (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research. Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as

47、 looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模擬) and imagine 42 (they) living at a different time in history or 43 (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the citys Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old

48、 town. Historical 44 (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 45 peoples spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children. 第三部分 寫作（共兩節(jié), 滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是李華，上周日你校舉辦了5公里越野賽跑活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你為校英文報(bào)寫一篇報(bào)道，內(nèi)容

49、包括：1. 參加人員：2. 跑步路線：從校門口到南山腳下：3. 活動(dòng)反響。注意：1. 寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右：2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。A Cross-Country Running Race第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families wer

50、e struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges. Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and

51、medicine to them. One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy his name was Bernard had interested her very much. “I wish you could see h

52、im,” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I dont see what he can do.” After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money.” said Clara. “His fa

53、mily is suffering so much.” “So do I,” said Harry. “We really should do something to assist them.” For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish (完成).” The other children also jumped up all

54、 attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you what we can do,” said John. “You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn (爆米花), and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.” 注意：1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2. 請(qǐng)按如

55、下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。When Mrs. Meredith heard of Johns idea, she thought it was a good one, too. With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. 答案1-5 ACBCA 6-10 BCBDB 11-15 ADDAC 16-20 GACBD 21-25 CACDA 26-30 BBDCB 31-35 CABDD 36. wealthy 37. or 38. formed 39. which/that 40. are called 41

56、. is 42. themselves 43. walking 44. accuracy 45. for 解析第一部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié), 滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分, 滿分37.5分）A這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是一篇詩(shī)歌大賽的征稿啟事。文章就參賽作品的內(nèi)容、獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)、參賽規(guī)則等做了介紹。1. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prizes部分中第一段中的“Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winners choice”可知，每位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)叨伎梢詭б幻议L(zhǎng)和另一名由

57、獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)哌x擇的人員。因此，每位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呖梢詭蓚€(gè)人。故選A。 2. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prizes部分中第三段“50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earharts final flight”可知，每位優(yōu)秀獎(jiǎng)獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)叨紝@得一件紀(jì)念埃爾哈特最后一次飛行的T恤。故選C。3. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一部分中的“Follow all rules carefully to prevent disquali

58、fication. Write a poem using 100 words or fewer”可知，所寫的詩(shī)字?jǐn)?shù)不能超過(guò)100字。否則，將會(huì)被取消資格。故結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)(寫一首120字的詩(shī))是會(huì)被取消資格的。故選B。B這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大學(xué)教育的情況下，通過(guò)自己的努力，以及家人的幫助完成了四年學(xué)位。她的努力不僅讓自己以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)畢業(yè)，還給家人，尤其是她的三個(gè)孩子樹立了榜樣，讓他們得到了激勵(lì)。4. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, w

59、orking to pay her tuition, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.(高中畢業(yè)后，Jennifer上了一所當(dāng)?shù)氐募夹g(shù)學(xué)院來(lái)支付她的學(xué)費(fèi)，因?yàn)榧依餂]有額外的錢用來(lái)支付大學(xué)教育)可知，高中畢業(yè)后Jennifer通過(guò)自己掙錢來(lái)完成大學(xué)教學(xué)，因?yàn)榧依餂]有額外的錢。C. She supported herself through college. (她自食其力讀完了大學(xué))符合以上說(shuō)法，故選C項(xiàng)。5. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的She chose the UW-Eau Claire pro

60、gram at Misnistry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. (她選擇了位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-Eau Claire項(xiàng)目，因?yàn)樗梢栽陔x家近的地方攻讀四年的學(xué)位。她可以開車去上課，晚上可以回家照顧孩子)可知，Jennifer選擇位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院