英漢翻譯 重復(fù)法

1、Lecture EightRepetition重復(fù)法I. For Clearness1. Repetition of nouns The Peoples Daily guides, educates and encourages the masses. 人民日報(bào)指導(dǎo)群眾，教育群眾，鼓舞群眾。（重復(fù)作賓語的名詞）They do some things in that they are men misled and blinded with error. (重復(fù)作表語的名詞) 他們做了某些事情，因?yàn)樗麄兪钦`入歧途的人，是被錯(cuò)誤蒙蔽的人。The engineer must have a knowle

2、dge not only of what these properties are and mean, but also of how they are determined. 工程師不僅必須具備有關(guān)性能及其含義方面的知識，而且還必須具備測定性能方面的知識。（重復(fù)英語介詞短語前所省略的名詞） We call this type a closed-core transformer. 我們把這種類型的變壓器叫做閉鐵芯變壓器。（重復(fù)相關(guān)聯(lián)成分后面所省略的名詞）The great inviolate place had the ancient performance which the sea can

3、not claim. 這塊未經(jīng)騷擾過的偉大土地有著古老的性質(zhì)，這種性質(zhì)連大海也不能與它相比。（重復(fù)英語中作先行詞的名詞或英語中的同位語以及英語定語從句中關(guān)系代詞所指代的名詞先行詞）Classroom Practice (1)1) We should learn how to analyze and solve problems. 我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)如何分析問題和解決問題。2) It is our duty to rebuild and defend our homeland. 重建家園和保衛(wèi)家園是我們的職責(zé)。3) A good play serves to educate and inspire t

4、he people. 一出好戲足以教育人民和鼓舞人民。4) It was he who first repudiated and breached the understanding. 是他首先否定了這一諒解，破壞了這一諒解。5) They would be very reluctant to postpone or cancel the meeting. 他們非常不愿意推遲這次會(huì)議或取消這次會(huì)議。6) Odette needs and deserves admirationit is the element that contents her. 奧德蒂需要讓人羨慕，而且也值得讓人羨慕這正是她

5、感到滿意的一點(diǎn)。7) They began to study and analyze the situation of the enemy. 他們開始研究敵情，分析敵情。8) Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as admiration. 無知是羨慕的根源，也是恐懼的根源。9) They now get water from 37 deep wells which a few years ago cost 60,000 yuan each to sink. 現(xiàn)在，他們從三十七口深井中取水。還在幾年前，每挖一口這樣的深井要耗資6萬元。10) They

6、 are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives. 他們正在為實(shí)現(xiàn)理想而努力，這個(gè)理想是每個(gè)中國人所珍視的，在過去，許多中國人曾為了這個(gè)理想而犧牲了自己的生命。11) All of these arrangements were a prelude to the ball, the hostess ultimate prize. 所有這些活動(dòng)的安排只不過是這次舞會(huì)的

7、序曲，舞會(huì)才是女主人的最終目的。12) They slipped out into the open,avoiding the kitchen, a spacious separate building. 他們悄然溜到了室外，故意不到廚房去，雖然廚房也是個(gè)寬敞的獨(dú)立樓舍。2. Repetition of verbsHe declared that for himself he was still for the Charter, details, name, and all. 他聲稱他本人仍然擁護(hù)憲章，擁護(hù)它的細(xì)則，擁護(hù)它的名稱，擁護(hù)它的一切。Locomotives are built of

8、steel, and airplanes of aluminum. 火車頭由鋼制成，飛機(jī)則由呂制成。Classroom Practice (2)1) People forget your face first, then your name. 人們首先忘記你的容貌，接著又忘記你的名字。2) This requires care and, for difficult problems, great experience. 這就需要細(xì)心，而且對許多困難問題來說，還需要豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。3) I owned a town house, a summer lodge in the mountains, a

9、winter cabin in the desert, a car and a drivers license to take myself about. 過去，我在城里有一所住宅，在山間有棟避暑的住所，在沙漠地帶有一棟御寒的寓所，外出還有汽車和駕照。 4) They were starting from scratch and needed men, guns, training. 他們是白手起家的，他們需要人員，需要槍支，需要訓(xùn)練。5) He wore zippered black boots and a tailored suit. 他腳上穿著拉鏈?zhǔn)降暮谄ぱ?，身上穿著一套考究的西裝。6)

10、 I could see in her face that night both youth and age, both her devotion to the young woman that she had been and the positions that she had yielded graciously to time. 那天晚上，我在她臉上既看到了青春又年齡；既看到了對自己少婦時(shí)代的耿耿之心，也看到了她對歲月的步步禮讓。7) Theyve made everything tense and unpleasant. 他們把什么事都搞得很緊張，都搞得令人不快。8) Its on

11、this basis that we reexamine the world, our region and ourselves. 我們正是在此基礎(chǔ)上，重新估價(jià)世界，估價(jià)我們所處的區(qū)域，估價(jià)我們自己的。9) Then he spoke of the rise of charity and popular education, and in particular of the spread of wealth and work. 接著他談到了慈善事業(yè)的興起和教育的普及，特別談到了財(cái)富和工作面的擴(kuò)大。10) Grammar deals with the structure of language,

12、 English grammar with the structure of English, French grammar with the structure of French, etc. 語法是論述語言結(jié)構(gòu)的。英語語法論述英語結(jié)構(gòu)，法語語法論述法語結(jié)構(gòu)，等等。11) They talked of things they longed for of meat and of hot soup and of the richness of butter. 他們談到了他們所渴望的東西談到了肉、談到了熱湯、還談到了黃油的豐富營養(yǎng)。12) They had prepared for this ca

13、mpaign as carefully as they had for larger once. 他們?yōu)檫@次戰(zhàn)役所作的準(zhǔn)備，其周密細(xì)致的程度同他們?yōu)檩^大的戰(zhàn)役所作的準(zhǔn)備一樣。13) He encouraged this bumptious young man to write of his own regionof its bleak poverty and of its women old before their time. 他鼓勵(lì)這個(gè)狂妄的年輕人寫自己的故鄉(xiāng)寫故鄉(xiāng)的荒涼和貧困，寫故鄉(xiāng)未老先衰的女人。14) But his wife kept dinning in his ears abo

14、ut his idleness, his carelessness, and the ruin he was bringing on his family. 可他老婆總是在他耳邊嘮叨個(gè)沒完。說他懶惰，說他粗心，還說他一家人都要?dú)г谒纳砩稀?. Repetition of pronounsOur basic unit of electrical charge is that of electron. 電荷的基本單位是電子的單位。The country has its romantic feeling. 鄉(xiāng)下有鄉(xiāng)下的風(fēng)情。 However you travel, itll take you at

15、 least two days. 你怎么走，怎么至少都得兩天。Some have entered college and others have gone abroad. 上大學(xué)的上大學(xué)了，出國的出國了。Classroom Practice (3)1) Ignoring a problem does not solve it. 對一個(gè)問題置之不理，并不能解決問題。 2) Smith seemed ill at ease with power, Ball sought it. 史密斯似乎對權(quán)力感到困惑不安，包爾則拼命追求權(quán)力。3) But there are clues, and they se

16、em to bear out my earlier suspicion. 但還是有蛛絲馬跡可尋的。這些蛛絲馬跡似乎都足以證實(shí)我最初的揣測。 4) When her eyes looked up, they were very large, odd, and attractive. 她抬起眼來的時(shí)候，眼睛顯得很大，很特別，很動(dòng)人。5) His dress is that of a gentleman, but his speech and behavior are those of a scoundrel. 他的服裝是紳士的服裝，但他的言談舉止卻是流氓無賴的言談舉止。 6) In capital

17、ist society there sprang up the feeling of responsibility of parents for childrens welfarethat is, they feel that they should help them to make a new start of life in order that they may care for them in the future. 資本主義社會(huì)中，做父母的對子女的幸福自然負(fù)有責(zé)任感，就是父母應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助子女自立生活，為的是子女將來可以贍養(yǎng)父母。7) Big families had their own

18、 difficulties. 大家庭有大家庭的難處。8) Each had his own business to handle.人人都有自己的事務(wù)要處理。9) Whoever works hard will be respected. 誰努力工作，誰就會(huì)受到尊敬。10) Choose whatever you like.你喜歡什么就挑什么。11) Some say yes, and others say, no, I dont know whom to follow.說是說是，說非的說非，我無所適從。12) He wanted to send them more aid, more weap

19、ons and a few more men. 他想給他們增加些援助，增添些武器，增派些人員。II. For emphasisWould you please please please please please please please stop talking. 務(wù)必請你，千萬請你別說了吧！Any my poor fool is hanged. No, no, no life. 我那可憐的小傻瓜絞死了，沒命了，沒命了，沒命了！ Happy, happy pair. None but the brave, None but the brave, None but the brave, d

20、eserves the pair. 幸福，幸福的一對。 惟有英雄， 惟有英雄， 惟有英雄堪與美人匹配。A. Repetition of beginning wordTime is, time was, but time shall be no more! 時(shí)間現(xiàn)在在，時(shí)間過去在，但時(shí)間將一去不復(fù)返！ B. Repetition of ending wordSow nothing, reap nothing. 不勞不獲。C. Repetition of both beginning and ending words Nothing can come of nothing. 沒有只能換到?jīng)]有。D.

21、 Repetition of constant repetitionFor glance beget ogles, ogles sighs, sighs wishes, wishes words, and words a letter. 因?yàn)槠骋暜a(chǎn)生秋波，秋波產(chǎn)生嘆息，嘆息產(chǎn)生愿望，愿望產(chǎn)生詞語，詞語產(chǎn)生情書一封。(1)Repetition by the same word.1) This coincidence, this funny coincidence, kept everybody laughing, and made this one of the most light-heart

22、ed parties weve ever had at the club. 這種巧合，這種有趣的巧合，惹得大伙兒笑個(gè)不停，使這次舞會(huì)成為我們在俱樂部舉行過最輕松愉快的晚會(huì)之一。2) If a book is worth reading, it is worth buying. No book is worth anything which is not worth much nor is it serviceable until it has been read and re-read, and loved and loved again, and marked, so that you ca

23、n refer to the passages you want in it. 值得讀的書便值得買。沒有什么價(jià)值的書便啥也不值，書不到一讀再讀，一愛再愛，并處處加記，以便參考所需章節(jié)，也不會(huì)有什么用處的。3) This town is a small town, looking much like other towns of its size, be few towns enjoy so many natural advantages. 這個(gè)城市是個(gè)小城市，看上去大小跟別的的城市沒有什么兩樣，但是別的城市卻很少享有這么多的天然優(yōu)勢。3) Dead is the monarch, dead t

24、he servant who cringed before him, dead the city in which they dwelt.君主死了，在他面前卑躬屈膝、阿諛奉承的侍臣死了，他們居住的這個(gè)城市也死了。4) If once virtue is lost, all is lost 如果一旦喪失了道德，便喪失了一切。5) Year after year and century after century the moon goes through its cycles. 一年又一年，一個(gè)世紀(jì)又一個(gè)世紀(jì)，月亮盈虧變化，周而復(fù)始。(2) Repetition by the synonyms.

25、1) He scanned their rich and faultless clothes, the way they carried their hands, the shape of their hats. 他打量著他們?nèi)A麗而講究的服飾，觀察著他們雙手前后擺動(dòng)的姿勢，留心他們頭上的禮帽。2) They wore their best clothes and all their jewelry. 他們穿上最漂亮的衣服，戴上所有的珠寶首飾。3) I know you hate me and I hate you, we had better part right now. “我知道你恨我，不

26、過我也嫌你，我們最好還是馬上分手吧?！?) Every change of season, every change of weather, every hour of the day produces some change in the magical hues and shape of these mountains;. 每一季節(jié)的更迭，每一氣候的轉(zhuǎn)變，甚至一天中每一小時(shí)，無不使奇幻的山姿山色呈現(xiàn)出不同的變化。5) During their stay in Peking, they visited some old friends of theirs, visited Peking un

27、iversity and visited the Great Wall. 他們在北京逗留期間，拜訪了了一些老朋友，參觀了北京大學(xué)，游覽了長城。 6) She loved giving orders to the servants and they loved obeying her. 她喜歡對仆人們發(fā)號施令，而他們卻愛聽她指揮。III. For VividnessBy using Chinese two four-character expressions1) Who that has such a home to return to, would travel about the count

28、ry like a vagabond? 要是有這樣一個(gè)舒適的家可以時(shí)時(shí)歸去，誰愿意象流浪漢一般顛沛流離，漂流四方。 2) But there had been too much publicity about my case. 但我的事現(xiàn)已搞得滿城風(fēng)雨，人人皆知了。3) From his early twenties to his early thirties, he was a farmernot a gentleman farmer but a working farmer. 從二十出頭三十幾歲，他一直務(wù)農(nóng)。他不是個(gè)不家不穡、五谷不分的農(nóng)民，而是一個(gè)在田里跌打滾爬，苦干實(shí)干的莊稼漢。4)

29、I spent three or four hours on two short chapters of Personal History by Vincent Sheeansavoring each paragraph, lingering over a sentence, a phrase or even a single word, building a detailed mental picture of the scene. 維森特謝安的我的經(jīng)歷中的短短幾章，我就讀了三四個(gè)時(shí)辰之久，每個(gè)短語，甚至每個(gè)詞，我都流連徘徊，依依不舍。書中勝境在我腦海里歷歷如畫，一覽無余。5) When f

30、inally I put down the book, my mind was totally refreshed. 最后放下書來時(shí)，我倦意全消，身心為之一爽。 6) He showed himself calm in an emergency situation. 他在情況危機(jī)時(shí)，態(tài)度從容，鎮(zhèn)定自如。7) The questions were evidently unexpected to the slow-witted spokesman, who instantly found himself tongue-tied. 這些問題顯然使得這位頭腦遲鈍的發(fā)言人感到意外，他立刻顯得張口結(jié)舌，啞

31、口無言。 8) Instead we continued to embellish the cover story, walking blindly into his trap. 而事實(shí)不然，我們?nèi)匀粚δ莻€(gè)掩蓋真相的假情況添油加醋，大肆渲染從而盲人騎瞎馬地陷入了他的圈套。2. By using Chinese double words1) Talking and laughing, running and jumping, the children had a good time at sea-side. 孩子們在海邊說說笑笑、跑跑跳跳，玩得很是開心。2) I have made propos

32、als, but it proves futile. 建議提是提了，但沒有用。3) She knocks off earlier today than usual. 她今天下班比往常下得早。 4) His illness is caused by a cold bath. 他的病是洗冷水澡洗出來的。5) Knowledge from unintelligent reading is of little use. 念死書念出來的知識沒多大用處。6) She put on her new dress and felt quite satisfied. 她試了試新衣，覺得很滿意。7) Its a g

33、reat idea, only its impracticable. 注意好是好，可是行不通。8) The toasts were flat. 祝酒辭是平平淡淡的。9) I wasnt evasive in my reply. 我的回答并非躲躲閃閃。10) A slanting sunlight dappled the grass. 斜陽把草地照得斑斑駁駁。11) the farm buildings and the wheel-house were all dim and bluish. 農(nóng)場房屋和水車護(hù)架都模模糊糊，呈現(xiàn)著淺蘭色。3. By using Chinese four-chara

34、cter expression with antithesisgreat contribution 豐功偉績gratitude 感恩戴德ingratitude 忘恩負(fù)義 prosperity 繁榮昌盛eternal glory to 永垂不朽 vivid 生動(dòng)活潑 hesitate 彷徨猶豫 arrogance 驕傲自大grotesque 奇形怪狀careless 粗心大意in chaos 烏煙瘴氣street gossip 街談巷議 rumors 流言蜚語1) No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism, as well as

35、abilities, of the very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the house. 剛才幾位可尊敬的先生向全體代表發(fā)言了。對諸位先生的愛國精神以及見識才干，我個(gè)人比任何人都更加欽佩。2) I shall speak forth my sentiments freely, and without reserve. 我愿無拘無束，毫不保留地直抒己見。 3) He sat there and watch them, so changelessly changing, so bright and dark, so grave and g

36、ay. 他坐在那兒注視著，覺得眼前的景象既始終如一，又是變化多端，既光彩奪目，又朦朧黑暗，既莊嚴(yán)肅穆，又輕松愉快。4) The trial, in his opinion, was absolutely. 據(jù)他看來，這次審判是絕對公平合理的。 5) She is an awful fool of a woman. 她是個(gè)非常愚昧無知的女人。 6) She told him of Johnsys fancy. 她把瓊西的胡思亂想告訴了他。7) But at that time, she was the only woman there.但她是當(dāng)時(shí)那里獨(dú)一無二的女人。8) His folks at up everything he had. 他的一家人把他所有東西都吃盡喝光。 Homework for today1. There is, E.M. Forster says, a truth of feeling as well as a truth of thought. Dreisers is the truth of feeling, and of incident.2. Their (coal mines) presence poisoned everything, the water in the st