初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解（改）

1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Passive voice被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本用法當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的形式是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過(guò)be表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。be + Vp.p(動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞）1)be 動(dòng)詞可以隨時(shí)態(tài)人稱的變化而變化am/ is / are + V(過(guò)去分詞）was/ were+ V(過(guò)去分詞）will be + V(過(guò)去分詞）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + V (過(guò)去分詞）1.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：1)一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加-edwatch-watched2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加-dpractice-practiced3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾的

2、，去y變i加-edstudy-studied4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母， 先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加-edstop-stopped2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogoneHe plants trees in spring. 主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)Treesare plantedbyhim改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)in spring.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)口訣：賓語(yǔ)提前主語(yǔ)變，原主變賓by后見(jiàn)，時(shí)態(tài)人稱be關(guān)鍵。Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)The roomwill be clea

3、nedbyTom tomorrow.His brother washes bowls every day.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)Bowls are washedbyhis brother every day.1.They make shoes in that factory.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：S(主語(yǔ)）+am/is /are +過(guò)去分詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last

4、term.一般過(guò)去時(shí)：S+was/were +過(guò)去分詞3Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S+ can/may/must/should + be+過(guò)去分詞各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成 1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：You are invited to do this.2）一般過(guò)去時(shí)：The story was told by her.3）一般將來(lái)時(shí)：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.看一看 想一想4)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：The rubbish can be put i

5、nto the dustbin over there.時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)V(原形)/ V(e)sam/is/are +Vpp一般過(guò)去時(shí)V-ed/ madewas/were +Vpp一般將來(lái)時(shí)will +V(原形)will+ be +Vpp含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ V(原形)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be +Vpp各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：一般將來(lái)時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：S+am/is /are +P.PS+was/were +P.P.S+ can/may/must/should + be+ P.P.S+ will+be+ P.P.S+ am/is/are

6、 + being + P.P.S+ have/has + been+ P.P.S+ was/were+being+ P.P. 何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)呢？ 一、行為主體不明確，不必說(shuō)出或者無(wú)法說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行車(chē)被盜了。 三、漢語(yǔ)中含有“據(jù)說(shuō)”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說(shuō)”、“大家說(shuō)”等時(shí)。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It wa

7、s reported that her mother died of SARS.眾所周知 It is well known that 據(jù)推測(cè)說(shuō) It is supposed that 四、漢語(yǔ)中含有“被”、“由”等詞時(shí)。例如： Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被Paul叫來(lái)的。五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如： He was born in October，1989 1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the wi

8、ndows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.EXERCISES(變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only tw

9、o meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1) _ _ _ some wonderfu

10、l stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this

11、medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.14.The students study German in this school.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?1)Teenagers should _ (allow) to go out at night.2)The telephone _ (invent

12、) by Bell.3) English _ (speak) in China.4) The car _ (make) in China.5) The room must _ (clean) every day.( ) The flowers _ every day,or theyll die.A must water B can be wateredC should water D must be watered( ) Many computers will _ to our school.A be bring B be brought C bring4.They will finish t

13、he work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般將來(lái)時(shí)：S+ will+be+過(guò)去分詞5.Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： S+ am/is/are + being +過(guò)去分詞6We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： S+ have/has + been+過(guò)去分詞7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)： S+ was/were+bein