六英國(guó)文學(xué)簡(jiǎn)介課件

1、英國(guó)文學(xué)UK literature西方文學(xué)兩個(gè)源頭古希臘羅馬文學(xué)圣經(jīng)古希臘羅馬文學(xué)希臘文學(xué) 古希臘神話：神的故事和英雄的故事 伊索(Aesop)寓言 木馬屠城記特洛伊Medieval LiteratureRenaissance literatureLiterature in 17th Century (Classicism)Literature in18th Century (Enlightenment)Romanticism In England English Critical Realism Modern literature contemporary literatureexitMed

2、ieval literature（中世紀(jì)文學(xué)）Originally, British literature is oral like other countries.Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language and the most important specimen of Anglo-Saxon literature. The main stories are based on the folk legends of the primitive northern tribes. Sir Gawain and the Green K

3、nightIt is thought to be composed about 1375-1400 and one of the greatest literary works of Middle English. The theme is based on King Arthur and The Round Table KnightsExcaliburGeoffrey Chaucerabout13431400the father of British Poetry. Chaucers poetry writing is divided into three periods France af

4、fected period Italy affected period maturity period The Canterbury Tales the history of the British literary realism of the first model 俠盜羅賓漢Renaissance literature（文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期文學(xué)）Thomas More Utopia 烏托邦 Open the idealistic novelsEdmund Spenser The Faerie Queene 仙后 Francis Bacon58 essaysSome quotations: 1.

5、Knowledge is power. 2.The monuments of wit survive the monuments of power. 3.Young men are fitter to invent than to judge, fitter for execution than for counsel, and fitter for new projects than for settled business.4. Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man.5. Wiv

6、es are young mens mistresses, companions for middle-age, and old mens nurses.6. There is no excellent beauty that has not some strangeness in the proportion7.Studies serve of delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in private- ness and retiring; for ornament, is in dis

7、course; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. William ShakespeareA dramatist “not of an age, but of all time” by Ben Jonson, not of England, but of the world.Not only a master of English language but also a genius of character portrayal and plot constructionA “poet of real

8、ity” for his idea that literature should reflect nature and reality.37 plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems, most of which were published as First Folio .ComediesTroilus and CressidaThe TempestThe two Gentleman of VeronaMeasure For Measure Comedy Of Errors Much Ado About Nothing Loves Labours LostA M

9、idsummer Nights Dream Merchant Of Venice As You Like It Taming Of The Shrew Alls Well That Ends Well Twelfth Night Winters Tale 特洛伊洛斯與克萊西達(dá)暴風(fēng)雨維洛那二紳士一報(bào)還一報(bào)錯(cuò)中錯(cuò)無事生非愛的徒勞仲夏夜之夢(mèng)威尼斯商人皆大歡喜馴悍記終成眷屬第十二夜冬天的故事TragediesCymbelineHamlet King Lear Macbeth Othello Romeo And Juliet Timon Of Athens Julius Caesar辛柏林哈姆雷特李爾王

10、麥克白奧斯羅羅密歐和朱麗葉雅典的泰門凱撒大帝Hamlet: To be, or not to be- that is the question: Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them. 生存還是毀滅？這是個(gè)問題。 究竟哪樣更高貴，去忍受那狂暴的命運(yùn)無情的摧殘 還是挺身去反抗那無邊的煩惱，把它掃一個(gè)干凈。 威廉莎士比亞（156416

11、16年），文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期英國(guó)大戲劇家、詩人。幼年在當(dāng)?shù)匚姆▽W(xué)校受過基礎(chǔ)教育并有機(jī)會(huì)接觸戲劇，從小就對(duì)戲劇產(chǎn)生了愛好。莎士比亞的創(chuàng)作活動(dòng)按其思想和藝術(shù)的發(fā)展可分為三個(gè)時(shí)期。第一時(shí)期（15901600年）是他學(xué)習(xí)、繼承并取得初步成就時(shí)期。以喜劇、歷史劇為主，故稱歷史劇時(shí)期。此時(shí)正值伊麗莎白盛世，作者對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)抱有信心，因此創(chuàng)作基調(diào)是樂觀、明確的。主要作品有喜劇仲夏夜之夢(mèng)、威尼斯商人，歷史劇查理三世、亨利四世，悲劇羅密歐與朱麗葉等。第二時(shí)（16011607年）是他創(chuàng)作的鼎盛時(shí)期。這一時(shí)期創(chuàng)作以悲劇為主，基調(diào)悲憤、陰郁，又稱悲劇時(shí)期。此時(shí)正值英國(guó)社會(huì)從表面繁榮進(jìn)入社會(huì)動(dòng)亂的轉(zhuǎn)折時(shí)期，理想與現(xiàn)實(shí)的矛盾使作者悲

12、觀失望。主要作品哈姆雷特、奧賽羅、李爾王、麥克白被稱為莎士比亞的“四大悲劇”。第三時(shí)期（16081612年）是他的創(chuàng)作后期，以創(chuàng)作傳奇劇為主稱傳奇劇時(shí)期。這一時(shí)期莎士比亞蟄居鄉(xiāng)間，寄希望于烏托邦，表現(xiàn)出后期思想的退坡。最著名的有暴風(fēng)雨，被稱為“詩的遺囑”。Literature in 17th Century (Classicism)17世紀(jì)文學(xué)John Milton Paradise Lost and Paradise RegainedJohn Bunyan The Pilgrims Progress Literature in 18th Century (Enlightenment)啟蒙時(shí)期

13、文學(xué)Jonathan Swift Gullivers Travels is one of the fantastic sarcastic works in the world Daniel Defoe( 1660-1731） Father of the English novel Robinson CrusoeHenry Fielding Tom JonesWorks of SentimentalismOliver Goldsmith（ 1730-1774） The Deserted Village is the masterwork of the works of sentimentalis

14、m . The Citizen of the WorldJames Thomson( 1700-1748） The SeasonsWilliam Collins( 1721-1759） Ode to EveningThomas Gray(1716-1771） Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard ） Romanticism In England 浪漫主義文學(xué)William Wordsworth（1770-1850）and Samuel Taylor Coleridge,（1772-1834）Lyrical Ballads Marks the real En

15、glish romantic literaturePercy Bysshe ShelleyJohn Keats, 1795-1821English Critical Realism 現(xiàn)實(shí)主義文學(xué)Walter Scott The father of western historical novel IvanhoeJane Austen Pride and Prejudice Emma Bronte sisters Charlotte Bronte（ 1816-1855） Jane Eyre Emily Bronte（1818-1848） Wuthering Heights） Anne Bront

16、e（ 1820-1849） Agnes GreyCharles Dickens Oliver Twist David Copperfield Great ExpectationsWilliam Makepeace Thackray Vanity FairThomas Hardy Tess of the DUrbervilles Jude the Obscure Rudyard Kipling(1865-1936） JimWilliam Somerset Maugham(1874-1965） Of Human BondageModern literatureVirginia Woolf, 188

17、2-1941）Stream-of-consciousness novels Mrs. Dalloway To the Lighthouse） James Joyce UlyssesD. H. Lawrence Lady Chatterleys Lover Sons and Lovers The Rainbow Women in LoveVirginia WoolfT. S. Eliot( 1888-1965） The Waste LandWilliam Butler Yeats(1865-1939） Agatha Christie(1891-1976）The queen of detective novels Murder on the Orient Express Death on the Nile Agatha Christie Contemporary literature當(dāng)代文學(xué)George Orwell（1903-195