2022年初中生語法-時(shí)態(tài)課程教案-仁愛版

1、初中生英語語法 - 時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí) 個(gè)性化教案授課時(shí)間各種時(shí)態(tài)比較學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)生姓名年級(jí)初二教學(xué)重點(diǎn)教學(xué)難點(diǎn)在中考及寫作中的應(yīng)用教師活動(dòng) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 基本用法 表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與now, at the moment 等時(shí)間狀語連用，有時(shí)，句首有l(wèi)ook, listen等詞提示。例如：What are you doing now? I am cleaning the window. Look! The students are having an English lesson. 表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與now, these days 等時(shí)間狀語連用。例如：He is now living

2、in Australia. 目前他正住在澳大利亞。（暫時(shí)）。比較：He lives in Australia. 他定居在澳大利亞。I am working in a computer company right now. How are you getting along these days? 這些天來你好嗎？ 有時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示按計(jì)劃安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，特別是使用表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，如 go, come, leave, start, arrive 等。例如：We are going to Rome next week. 下周我們準(zhǔn)備去羅馬。When are you starting

3、? 你什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身？其動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)為 ：be + doing （動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞）教學(xué)過程動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：1 一般情況動(dòng)詞后加ing , 以不發(fā)音的e 結(jié)尾的去 e 加 ing。write- play- eat- see- 2 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing 這樣的詞往往看最后三個(gè)字母，常常是“ 輔音元音輔音”open 就不行 ,它的重音不在 pen 上sit- get- begin- stop- shop- swim- run- 句子肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語am/is/aredoing（動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞）He is watching TV. 否定形式：主語 am/is/are+ no

4、t+ doing. He is not watching TV. 一般疑問句： Be（am/is/are）主語 doing （動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞）? Is he watching TV? Are they singing now? 特殊疑問句：疑問詞一般疑問結(jié)構(gòu)？What is he doing? 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一. 用括號(hào)中動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. My parents _ _(watch)TV now. 2 . Look. Three boys _ _(run). 3. What _ your mother _ _(do)now? 4. _ your dog _ now?(sleep) 5

5、. _ you _(listen)to music? Yes, I am. 6. Look, Miss Chen _ _ football.(play) 7. Tom and his sister _(wait)for you over there. 8. Now Class 3 and Class 4_(have)a test. 9. Listen, someone _(sing)in the classroom. 10. Where is Zhang Yan? She _(talk)with her teacher in the teacher s office. (1 are watch

6、ing 2 are running 3 is doing 4 Is sleeping 5 Are listening 6 is playing 7 are waiting 8 are having 9 is singing 10 is talking ) 二. 選擇填空：( )1. Who _ over there now? A. singing B. are sing C. is singing ( )2. It s nine ten. The students _ a music class. A. have B. having C. are having ( )3. Listen! Th

7、e boy _. A. crying B. is crying C. cries ( )4. Don t talk here. Grandparents _. A. sleep B. is sleeping C. are sleeping ( )5. Is the man _ tea or milk? A. drinks B. drink C. drinking (C C B C C ) 三. 按要求進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. Lily is dancing.( 改為一般疑問句 ) _ 2. Kate is looking for her watch.( 改為否定句 ) _ 3. Mrs. White

8、 is watching TV.( 對(duì)劃線部分提問 ) _ 4. I am doing homework.( 改為否定句 ) _ 5. They are waiting for you at the library.( 提問 ) _ (1 Is Lily dancing? 2 Kate isn t looking for her watch. 3 What is Mrs. White doing? 4 I am not doing homework. 5 Where are they waiting for you?) 四. 根據(jù)中文提示完成句子：1 他沒在寫作業(yè)，她在畫畫。He _ _ _

9、homework. He _ _ _ _ pictures. 2. 今天李老師穿著一件紅色的連衣裙。 Miss Li _ _ a red dress today. 3. 你爺爺在看報(bào)紙嗎？ _ your grandpa _ _ the newspaper? 4. Tom 和 Jim 在做什么？ _ _ Tom and Jim _? 5. 他們是在打籃球還是在打排球？_ they _ basketball _ volleyball? (1 isn t doing ,is drawing 2 is wearing 3 Is reading 4 What are doing 5 Are playin

10、g or) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)He is twelve. They are at home.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作I go to school at seven every day. He plays soccer on Sundays. 表示主語具備的性格和能力等She likes apples. They speak Japanese. She is medium build. 其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為 1 主語 be其他2 主語動(dòng)詞原形- 3 (當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí) ) 主語動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式- 肯定式 I am a cleaner. We go to school at s

11、even every day. He goes to school at 6 every day. 否定式I am not a cleaner. We dont go to school at seven.He doesn t go to school at 6. 疑問式及回答 Are you a cleaner? Yes, I am. (No, I m not.)Do you go to school at seven? Yes, we do. （ No, we don）Does he go to school at 6? Yes, he does.（No, he doesn）注意：在上面的

12、否定和疑問式中，助動(dòng)詞 。do 和 does 都沒有意義，不用譯出。它們只是為了使句子完整，叫做一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常和表示時(shí)間頻度的副詞連用。如： often, usually, sometimes, always, never, hardly ever 等。（注意頻度副詞的位置：）1. I often read books in the evening 2. Do they usually go to school by bike? 3. He doesn t like milk. He never drinks it.4. Sometimes my mother gets back at five

13、. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常和以下時(shí)間表達(dá)法連用。如： in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night, every day, on Sunday(s), at seven 等。Do they have math in the morning? She sleeps nine hours every night. They dont have classes on Sundays.動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成：1、直接加 -slook looks readreadsplayplays2. 在字母 s, x,ch,sh,o 后

14、加 -eswatchwatcheswashwashesgogoes dodoes 3. 輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變 y 為 i，再加 -escarry carries study studies hurry hurries cry cries 4.特殊的 have - has 【一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)】選擇填空( ) 1.A: How often _ she exercise? B: Twice a week. A. do B. does C. doing D. did ( ) 2. I _ like to drink milk. A. not B. doesntC. don t D. no ( )

15、 3. Good food and exercise _ me to study better. A. help B. helps C. helping D. to help ( ) 4. Is her lifestyle the same _ yours or different? A. as B. in C. at D. to ( ) 5. I like _ for breakfast. A. a book B. a ruler C. an egg D. a sofa ( ) 6. The _are $21. A. glasses B. shoe C. table D. bike ( )

16、7. Tennis _ my favorite sport. A. are B. is C. am D. be ( ) 8. I have a tennis and my friend Jim _ two tennis rackets. A. have B. play C. plays D. has ( ) 9. “Let s play computer games.” That _ interesting.”A. looks B. sounds C. listens D. reads ( )10. My father likes football. But he _ it. He only

17、_ football matches on TV! A. plays, watchesB. play, watch t watchC. doesn t play, watchesD. plays, doesn一般過去時(shí)1 意義：表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間或某階段已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。如： He went to Wuhan last week. They were in Beijing yesterday. 2 句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語動(dòng)詞的過去式- 3 否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語didn t動(dòng)詞原形 - 一般疑問句： Did 主語動(dòng)詞原形-? 4 動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成：A. 規(guī)則的變化 ：一般在詞尾加

18、ed, 不發(fā)音的 e 后加 d。以輔音字母 y 結(jié)尾的詞變 y 為 i 加 ed 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，雙寫最后的輔音字母再加 ed。B不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式一般是把動(dòng)詞原形加以變化，這需要各個(gè)擊破，尋找其中的小規(guī)律。寫出過去式：dance play watch wash study cry shop stop go do see get run swim 句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1I went to the museum yesterday. （對(duì)劃線部分提問）2We stayed at home last Sunday. （對(duì)劃線部分提問）3My vacation was pretty good. （對(duì)劃線部

19、分提問）4The food is very delicious. （對(duì)劃線部分提問）5They enjoyed themselves.（變一般疑問句，并作肯定回答）6I saw him last week. （變否定句）7Jim and Bright went to the zoo yesterday. （對(duì)劃線部分提問）8The people there were unfriendly. （對(duì)劃線部分提問）(1 When did you go to the museum? 2 Where did you stay last Sunday? 3 How was your vacation? 4

20、 How is the food? 5 Did they enjoy themselves? 6 I didn t see him last week? 7 Where did Jim and Bright go yesterday? 8 How were the people there? ) 綜合練習(xí) 1一、選擇題練習(xí)1. Tom _ in a factory. His sisters _ in a hospital. A. work/ work B. works/ work C. work/ works 2. Who _ English best in your class? A. sp

21、eak B. speaks C. speaking 3. Mrs Read _ the windows every day. A. is cleaning B. clean C. cleans 4. We _ music and often _ to music. A. like/ listen B. likes/ listens C. like/ are listening 5. She _ up at six in the morning. A. get B. gets C. getting 6. On Sunday he sometimes _ his clothes and somet

22、imes _ some shopping. A. wash/ do B. is washing/ is doing C. washes/ does 7. The twins usually _ milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim _ some coffee for it. A. have/ have A B. have/ has C. has/ have ( B B C B C B ) 二、填空：1. My father always _(come) back from work very late. 2. The teacher is busy. He

23、 _ (sleep) six hours a day. 3. Listen! Joan _ _(sing) in the classroom. She often _ (sing) there. 4. _ your brother _(know) Japanese? 5. Where _ you _ (have) lunch every day? 6.The girl _(like) wearing a skirt. Look! She_ _(wear) a red skirt today. do, have, likes, is wearing ) ( comes, sleeps, is s

24、inging, sings, Does, know, 三、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式1. work_ _ sing_ _ play_ study_ 2. dance_ have_ write_ take_ 3. run_sit_shop_swim_ 4. lie_ 四、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式1. work_read_clean_ write_ 2. teach_wash_guess_ watch_ 3. go_ do_photo_ 4. study_fly_cry_ play_ 5. have_ 五、根據(jù)中文意思完成句子1、學(xué)生們在干什么？有一些在打電話，另一些躺在沙灘上。_ _ th

25、e students _? Some _ _ on the phone, _ _ _ on the beach. 2、“ 格林先生在看電視嗎？”“ 不，他在打掃房間?！薄?_ Mr Green _ _ TV? ”“_, He _ _ _ _ the house.”3、魏芳不是在讀書，她在寫信。Wei Fang _ _ a book. She _ _ a letter. 4、今天天氣怎么樣？_ is the weather today? _ _ is the weather _ _ today? 5、我正在通過收音機(jī)學(xué) (learn) 英語。I _ _ _ _ English on the ra

26、dio. 6、這個(gè)老人每天早上六點(diǎn)鐘起床。The old man _ _ _ _ at six o clock every day. 7、你從哪里來？Where _ _ you from? Where _ _ you _ _ from? 我從美國來。I _ _ from America. I _ _ from America. ( 1 What, are, doing, are, talking, Some, are, lying , 2 Is ,watching, No, is cleaning 3 isn t ,reading ,is ,writing 4 How, What ,like

27、5 am, learning, 6 gets, up, 7 are, do ,come, am, come) 綜合練習(xí) 2 一 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)填空 ：(有的空不止填一個(gè)詞 ) 1. I _ (be) from America. I _ (speak) English. 2. Bill often _ (go) to school by bike, but he _ (go)to school on foot this morning because his bike _(be )broken. 3. What _Jim _ (do)? He is a student. 4. Can you _ (t

28、ell) me the way to the post office? 5. Where _ his parents _ (work) now, do you know? 6. We have to _ (clean) our classroom on Sundays. 7. Look! The children _ _ (play) volleyball outside. 8. Yesterday Ann _ (visit) Aunt Wang with her sister. 9. Would you _ (like) another piece of bread, Peter? 10.

29、_ (not eat) in class, please. 11. _ (be) there anything new in todays newspaper?12. Lucy _ (be) born in Canada on May 12 th, 1990. 13. Lily _ (have) a medium build, she _ (look) beautiful. 14. What _ (be) the weather like last Sunday? It _ (be) sunny. 15. Where _she _ (work)? She works in an office.

30、 16. There _ (be) an orange and five pears on the table. 17. Long long ago, there _ (be) many animals in the world. 18. I _ (not think) he is right. 19.-What _you _ (do) last weekend, Joy? -I (go) to visit my grandpa. 20. It s seven oclock, the Greens _ _ (watch) TV at home. (1,am speak 2,goes went

31、was 3,does do 4,tell 5,do work 6,clean 7,are playing 8,visited 9,like 10,Don t eat 11,Is 12,was 13, has looks 14,was was 15,does work 16,is 17,were 18,don t think 19, did do went 20,are watching ) 二、將下列句子改為否定句，每空一詞（含縮寫）1. Vera is drawing in the classroom. Vera _ _ _ drawing in the classroom. 2. I wa

32、s at the party last Friday. I at the party last Friday. 3. They re playing soccer now.They playing soccer now. 4. There were many people in the park yesterday There _ many people in the park yesterday 5. She has a TV in her bedroom She a TV in her bedroom 6. They have to clean the classroom after sc

33、hool. They clean the classroom after school. 7. He had a big breakfast yesterday. He a big breakfast yesterday. 8. They come from Canada. They Brad from Canada. in Paris. 9. Brad lives in Paris. 10. Joan liked to play tennis and ping-pong. Joan to play tennis ping-pong. 11. Nancy and Mark want to go

34、 to the movies. Nancy and Mark to go to the movies. 12. Jack does his homework at home. Jack his homework at home. 13. I went to the beach with my friends last Sunday. I to the beach with my friends last Sunday. 14. Nick practices his guitar in the morning. Nick his guitar in the morning. 15. Do you

35、r homework at school. your homework at school. 16. I think she is very quiet. I she very quiet. 17. My father works in a big hospital. My father in a big hospital. 18. The little girl can play the piano well. The little girl the piano well. 19. Jack would like a cup of tea. Jack a cup of tea. (1, is

36、 not 2, was not 3,are not 4,were not 5, does have 6, don t have to 7, didn t have 8, don t come 9, doesn t live 10,didn t or 11, dont want 12, doesn t do 13, didn t go 14, doesn t practice 15, Don t do 16, don t think 17, doesn t work 18, can t play 19 , wouldn t like ) 三、改為一般疑問句，每空一詞。21. I m from J

37、apan.from Japan? 22. They are riding bikes now. riding bikes now? 23. Li lei and Li Ping like giraffes. Li lei and Li ping giraffes? 24. She wants to be a great star. she to be a great star? 25. John has a great sports collection. John a great sports collection? 26. We must finish the work now. you

38、the work now? 27. They had to walk home at last. they walk home at last? 28. There is a hotel in the neighborhood. a hotel in the neighborhood? 29. They did their homework last night. they their homework last night? 30. They sat on the chair. they on the chair? 31. Maria can speak Chinese very well. Mar