高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練-特殊句式

1、特殊句式(建議用時(shí)40分鐘)I .單句語(yǔ)法填空一I probably shouldnt have any more cake.一Oh,(go) ahead.lt wont kill you.One more hour TH get the work finished.me tomorrow and Pll let you know the lab result.A bit more effort, I think, you will settle the problem. a shame! In the end, we couldnt help collecting the rubbish b

2、efore we left.答案與解析go考查祈使句。由語(yǔ)境可知此處為祈使句，祈使句由“動(dòng)詞 原形+其他部分”組成，故用gOo go ahead “繼續(xù)，請(qǐng)吧”。句意： 我可能不應(yīng)該再吃蛋糕了。哦，吃吧。它要不了你的命。and考查特殊句式。句意：再有一個(gè)小時(shí)我就把工作完成了。 本句是“祈使句/名詞短語(yǔ)+ and+陳述句”這一固定句式。Call考查特殊句式。句意：明天給我打電話(huà)，我就告訴你實(shí) 驗(yàn)結(jié)果。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是“祈使句+ and+陳述句”句式，因 此應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭。and考查特殊句式。根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)。先把插入語(yǔ)力think”去掉，則不難看出“A bit more effort”為省去

3、動(dòng)詞的祈使句，空后為陳述句，故 might never experience them.At the same time, the fact that these places escape notice 5 (make) them worth seeking out.St.Dunstan- in- the- East is a historic church in London, which has a history of hundreds of years.lt survived the Great Fire of London in the 17th century, but it 6

4、 (hit) by a German bomb during World War ILSt.Dunstan was rebuilt in the 1960s.Later, the city turned the grounds into a public garden.St.Dunstan is on a quiet street, but its only a short walk from major 7 (tour) attractions like the Tower of London.This peaceful park reportedly gets 8 (relative) c

5、rowded at noon on sunny days during 9 time office workers from the nearby buildings come to eat lunch.At most other times, however, its a quiet place 10 (get) away.答案與解析文章大意：本文為應(yīng)用文。主要告訴我們一些最有趣的城市花園 會(huì)在意想不到的地方，它們常會(huì)被人們忽略，但這些地方值得我們?nèi)?體驗(yàn)。比如東區(qū)圣鄧斯肯教堂景點(diǎn)就是這樣的一個(gè)地方，是倫敦一座 歷史悠久的教堂，有著數(shù)百年的歷史，是一個(gè)適合休閑的地方。a考查不定冠詞。句意：它

6、們可能在公共建筑的頂部，商業(yè) 區(qū)的中間，。根據(jù)后面的in the middle of a commercial district,“可知，此處表示泛指，且是第一次提到，故要用不定冠詞a。busiest考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：在世界上最繁忙的機(jī)場(chǎng)之 一的終點(diǎn)站。根據(jù)前面的“of one of the worlds”可知要用最高級(jí)，故填busiest owithout考查語(yǔ)境。句意：你可能在“秘密花園”旁邊的人行 道上漫步，卻沒(méi)有意識(shí)到它就在拐角處或墻的另一邊。分析語(yǔ)境可知， 此處要用一個(gè)否定的介詞，故填withoutonatural考查形容詞作定語(yǔ)。句意：如果你不了解這些有吸引 力的自然空間的存

7、在，你可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)體驗(yàn)到它們。分析句子可知， 本空在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞spaces,修飾名詞要用形容詞，故填natural0makes考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這些沒(méi)有被人們注意的地方值 得我們?nèi)ふ?。分析句子可知，本句是同位語(yǔ)從句。主語(yǔ)是the fact, 是單數(shù)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞make要用單數(shù)，加s,故填makes。was hit考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：但它在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間被 德國(guó)炸彈擊中。分析句子可知，本句的主語(yǔ)是it,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hit,根 據(jù)后面的“by a German bomb during”可知要用被動(dòng)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) “World War II”可知，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因此填wa

8、s hit。tourist考查名詞辨析。句意：圣鄧斯坦在一條安靜的街道上， 但距離倫敦塔等主要旅游景點(diǎn)只有很短的路程。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處 是指旅游景點(diǎn)，tourist attractions觀光勝地，旅游景點(diǎn)”為固定搭配，故填名詞touristorelatively考查副詞辨析。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，在陽(yáng)光明媚的日子 里，這個(gè)寧?kù)o的公園在中午會(huì)相對(duì)擁擠。分析句子可知，本空在句中 修飾形容詞crowded,修飾形容詞要用副詞形式，故填relatively。which考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，這座寧?kù)o的公園在陽(yáng) 光明媚的中午會(huì)相對(duì)地?fù)頂D起來(lái)，在這段時(shí)間內(nèi)，附近建筑物的辦公 室工作人員會(huì)來(lái)這吃午飯。分析句

9、子可知，本句是定語(yǔ)從句，其中先 行詞是用noon ,先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞during的賓語(yǔ)，即在中午 時(shí)，因此要用關(guān)系詞whichoto get考查固定用法。句意：然而，在大多數(shù)時(shí)候，這是一 個(gè)安靜的適合度假的地方。分析句子可知，It is +名詞+動(dòng)詞不定式， 其中要用動(dòng)詞不定式表目的。故本空填t。get。VI .短文改錯(cuò)During my last summer holiday, I go to France with my father to do some sightseeing.On third day, our bus pulled into a motorway servic

10、e station. Our guide told us we wouldnt stop again that day, so we had to eat a meal in the only restaurant here.There was a problem.When I asked about fish, in my terrible French, the assistant thought I wanted chickens. Any way, ten minutes late, I got my meal.I thought the food would be dull, wha

11、t wasnt the case at all.Wonderfully cooking, it tasted delicious and had been nothing in common with motorway food elsewhere.Maybe I shouldnt have been so surprising as this, after all, was France.文章大意：本文為記敘文，講述作者在去年暑假與父親一起去法 國(guó)觀光的見(jiàn)聞經(jīng)歷。.考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)本句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可知，敘述過(guò)去事件，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故將go改為went。.考查冠詞用法。表示順序的序數(shù)詞前需加定冠詞

12、，故在third 前加the。.考查地點(diǎn)副詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，本文敘述去法國(guó)觀光經(jīng)歷，應(yīng) 用there指代，故將here改為thereo.考查介詞固定搭配。句意：當(dāng)我用蹩腳的法語(yǔ)要魚(yú)時(shí)，店員以 為我要的是雞。根據(jù)句意可知，作者用法語(yǔ)點(diǎn)餐，想要吃魚(yú)，ask for sth.“請(qǐng)求/要求”，故將about改為for。.考查名詞形式。chicken此處意為“雞肉”，為不可數(shù)名詞，故 將 chickens 改為 chicken o.考查副詞。表達(dá)“十分鐘后”固定說(shuō)法為ten minutes later, 故將late改為latero.考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我原以為飯菜會(huì)很乏味，但事 實(shí)并非如此。在

13、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，應(yīng)該用which指代前文內(nèi)容， 并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故將what改為which。.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。此處動(dòng)詞cook與主語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān) 系，用過(guò)去分詞，故將cooking改為cooked。.考查固定短語(yǔ)。have nothing in common with sth.意為“與毫無(wú)共同之處”，故去掉been。.考查形容詞化的過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)。本句主語(yǔ)為I,故應(yīng)用 surprised形式作表語(yǔ)，意為“感到吃驚的”，故將surprising改為 surprised o根據(jù)句意可知此處填and。句意：我認(rèn)為，再加把勁，你會(huì)解決這個(gè)問(wèn) 題的。5. What考查感嘆句。句意：多么羞愧的

14、事情！此句為感嘆句， 修飾可數(shù)名詞shame,感嘆句構(gòu)成為：what+a+力,.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)！ 應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)感嘆句。II .單句改錯(cuò)Listen carefully and youll miss something important. Speaking clearly, or you will make yourself misunderstood.Only a few days after I arrived in the UK did I realize what changeable the weather was. How fun it is to swim in the ri

15、ver.When asking how he knew where they were, Henry laughed and pointed to a student who was wearing an MIT sweatshirt.答案與解析and-*or考查特殊句式。句意：仔細(xì)聽(tīng)，否則你會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)一些重 點(diǎn)。此句為祈使句+ or+句子。or表示否則。Speaking-*Speak考查特殊句式。句意：說(shuō)清楚一些，否則你 會(huì)被別人誤解的。此句為祈使句+or+句子。故應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。what-how 考查感嘆句。句意：在我到達(dá)英國(guó)后僅僅幾天， 我就意識(shí)到了這里的天氣是多么變化無(wú)常。根據(jù)感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)h

16、ow + 力.+主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞可知需將what改為howoHowWhat考查感嘆句。句意：在河里游泳是多少有趣的事 情啊!fun為不可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)可知，需將How改為Whatoasking-asked考查省略句式。句意：當(dāng)被問(wèn)到他是如何知道 他們?cè)谀牡?，他笑著指向一個(gè)身著MIT運(yùn)動(dòng)衫的學(xué)生。此處為狀語(yǔ)從 句的省略，當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致，且從句含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可將 從句主語(yǔ)及be動(dòng)詞一起省略，即“When (he was) asked how he knew where they were.”。Ill .閱讀理解If you buy a washing machine, a fri

17、dge or a television in Europe, it comes with a sticker.Thanks to a 1992 EU rule, all appliances must be labelled (貼標(biāo)簽)with their energy efficiency. So why has our food system, which threatens 10, 000 species with extinction, produces about 30% of greenhouse gases, and drives 80% of our air pollution

18、-only ever had voluntary eco-labels?The appliances ruling had a huge impact; initially, 75% of fridges and freezers were rated G to D(low efficiency), but today 98% are classed A + + or A+ + + . Worldwide, the energy efficiency of labelled appliances has increased three times faster than appliances

19、without labels. Introducing an equal system for food could have an even bigger impact.Mandatoiy environmental labels would change how we produce and consume in far- reaching ways.First, producers would have to measure their impacts in a uniform way and be accountable for the results. This would not

20、be expensive: it is free to monitor environmental impacts using digital tools such as Field print and the Cool Farm Tool.Second, they support sustainable consumption.Our research found that products that look, taste and cost the same can have dramatically different environmental impacts.High- impact

21、 beef producers use 5， 700% more land and create 1, 000% more greenhouse gases than low- impact producers.Labels would allow consumers to tell these products apart.They would highlight both high- and low- impact producers, in the same way, across multiple products.This would encourage more people to

22、 think about their choices by exposing them to the facts every time they are in the shops. We can also use labels to turn smaller consumer changes into large environmental benefits: because a small number of producers create a large share of the impact, simply avoiding high- impact producers can mak

23、e a huge contribution to pollution reductions.Why does the author mention the appliances in Paragraph 1 ?To applaud the 1992 EU rule.B To bring up the topic of labelling food.To point out the pollution they caused.To compare their energy consumption rates.What do the figures in Paragraph 2 show?A. T

24、he importance of saving energy.B The debate about eco- labelled appliances.C. The effectiveness of the appliances ruling.D The problem caused by appliances of low efficiency.What does the word Mandatory” in Paragraph 3 mean?A Compulsory.B. Effective.C Different.D. Independent.What can be learned abo

25、ut eco- labels?They will increase the profits of low- impact producers.They can show producers1 environmental impacts.They will guide consumers to buy healthier food.They can expose consumers to more products.答案與解析文章大意：本文是議論文。自歐盟出臺(tái)家電強(qiáng)制環(huán)保規(guī)定以來(lái)， 家電的能耗逐年下降。作者認(rèn)為也應(yīng)在食品上加上強(qiáng)制環(huán)保標(biāo)識(shí)，以 降低食品零售業(yè)的能耗。B推理判斷題。第一段中作者先預(yù)

26、設(shè)了 “在歐洲購(gòu)買(mǎi)家電” 的情景，由此引出1992年歐盟出臺(tái)的針對(duì)家電的強(qiáng)制環(huán)保標(biāo)識(shí)，隨即 設(shè)問(wèn)“為何不在食品上也加上類(lèi)似的環(huán)保標(biāo)識(shí)”。由此可知，作者在 第一段中提到洗衣機(jī)、冰箱、電視機(jī)這些家電是為了引出“給食品加 環(huán)保標(biāo)識(shí)”的話(huà)題。故選B。C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的75% of fridges and freezers were rated G to D (low efficiency), but today 98% are classed A + + or A + + + .Worldwide, the energy efficiency of labelled appliances

27、has increased three times faster than appliances without labels.KT矢口， 作者在第 二段中將未使用環(huán)保標(biāo)識(shí)前家電的能耗與使用環(huán)保標(biāo)識(shí)后家電的能耗 作了對(duì)比，用真實(shí)的數(shù)據(jù)證實(shí)了 “環(huán)保標(biāo)識(shí)”的有效性。故選C。A 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的all appliances must be labelled （貼標(biāo)簽）with their energy efficiency.So why has our food system. voluntary eco-labels 及第二段的末句 Introducing an equal syste

28、m for food could have an even bigger impact.可知，家電上的環(huán)保標(biāo)識(shí)是強(qiáng)制性的， 作者在文中建議在食品上加上與家電上類(lèi)似的環(huán)保標(biāo)識(shí)，由此可知， Mandatory意為“強(qiáng)制性的。must be, voluntary及equal是解題的關(guān) 鍵詞。故選A。B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的They would highlight both high-and low-impact producers, in the same way, across multiple products. 可知，環(huán)保標(biāo)識(shí)能夠?qū)⒏吣芎呐c低能耗的食品生產(chǎn)者區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)。也就 是說(shuō)，環(huán)保標(biāo)

29、識(shí)能指示食品生產(chǎn)者的能耗。故選B。IV.七選五Concern about extinction 一 the permanent loss of a species一motivates a wide variety of people to take action to protect animal species at risk of dying out.Animal protection and animal rights are familiar themes associated with the field of environmental activism.Certainly, en

30、dangered animals suffer no lack of support. 1Surprisingly, some of the most endangered plants are species that, up until recently, were used by humans as necessary food crops. 2In order to maximize productivity, farmers have chosen to focus on a handful of high-yield crops that can be harvested effi

31、ciently.At one time, the number of plant species used by humans to meet their nutritional requirements numbered above 7, OOO.Now, it is around 150.Some experts even claim that humans actually rely on just twelve species of plants for most of their food.A single food crop generally contains several s

32、pecies, which may be further divided into hundreds of varieties, but these varieties are quickly disappearing. 3 Eighty percent of the corn varieties grown in Mexico in 1930 have disappeared.Ninety percent of the 10, 000 wheat varieties cultivated in China 1949 are no longer used.4 Crop diversity is

33、 a factor that ensures the continuation of certain beneficial natural processes in ecosystems一the cycling of nutrients, management of pests, and maintenance of water quality. 5 Clearly, there is an urgent need to preserve the plants irreplaceable crop diversity before it is lost completely.You proba

34、bly want to know the exact approach to protecting endangered plants.Also, crop diversity provides the necessary gene pool to supply crops with a variety of traits（特點(diǎn)）.C Threatened by current shortsighted farming techniques, cropdiversity has shrunk dramatically.D However, endangered plants are defen

35、ded by few.E Examples of losses in crop diversity have been recordedworldwide.The permanent loss of plant species represents a huge threat to humanity.Thanks to modern farming techniques, many countries have taken measures to protect them.答案與解析文章大意：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，人們非常重視保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物，實(shí) 際上世界上有很多植物也瀕臨滅絕。保持糧食作物的多樣性對(duì)

36、人類(lèi)意 義重大，文章對(duì)此做了具體說(shuō)明。D 橫線(xiàn)前句“Certainly, endangered animals suffer no lack of support.告訴我們很多瀕危動(dòng)物得到了人類(lèi)的幫助。第二段開(kāi)始介紹 很多植物也瀕臨滅絕，但并沒(méi)有得到人們的保護(hù)。D項(xiàng)However, endangered plants are defended by few”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，所以選擇D項(xiàng)。C橫線(xiàn)前一句告訴我們很多瀕危的植物直到近年來(lái)才成為人 們的食物來(lái)源，但很快就瀕臨滅絕。本句應(yīng)該分析具體原因，C項(xiàng) Threatened by current shortsighted farming techniques, crop diversity has shrunk dramatically