《汽車實(shí)用英語(yǔ)》電子教案2

1、 汽車實(shí)用英語(yǔ)高等職業(yè)院校國(guó)家技能型緊缺人才培訓(xùn)工程規(guī)劃教材 汽車運(yùn)用與維修專業(yè) 教學(xué)參考資料 主 編 粟利萍 副主編 黃秋平 參 編 楊晉平 蘇四清 電子工業(yè)出版社內(nèi) 容 提 要本資料是高等職業(yè)院校國(guó)家技能型緊缺人才培訓(xùn)工程規(guī)劃教材汽車運(yùn)用與維修專業(yè)汽車實(shí)用英語(yǔ)的配套教學(xué)參考資料包。 主要內(nèi)容包括汽車實(shí)用英語(yǔ)教學(xué)指南、課文的重點(diǎn)詞匯/句型/語(yǔ)法、練習(xí)參考答案以及自測(cè)題等四部分內(nèi)容。主要用于學(xué)生自學(xué)和教師備課參考。汽車實(shí)用英語(yǔ)教學(xué)指南 一、課程的性質(zhì)與任務(wù)高職高專汽車實(shí)用英語(yǔ)教學(xué)是以教育部?jī)赡曛聘叩嚷殬I(yè)教育汽車檢測(cè)與維修技術(shù)專業(yè)領(lǐng)域技能型緊缺人才培養(yǎng)指導(dǎo)方案為依據(jù)，根據(jù)學(xué)生就業(yè)崗位的要求，培養(yǎng)

2、掌握大學(xué)?？朴⒄Z(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和專業(yè)知識(shí)，具有分析問題和解決實(shí)際問題能力的高等技術(shù)應(yīng)用型專門人才。汽車實(shí)用英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的任務(wù)是：指導(dǎo)學(xué)生較系統(tǒng)地學(xué)習(xí)汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)，閱讀和翻譯汽車英語(yǔ)使用說(shuō)明書和有關(guān)技術(shù)手冊(cè)，運(yùn)用因特網(wǎng)查詢有關(guān)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)資料，達(dá)到能與外籍客戶用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行一般交流的水平。二、教學(xué)時(shí)間汽車實(shí)用英語(yǔ)教學(xué)時(shí)間為半年（一個(gè)學(xué)期）。每周兩學(xué)時(shí)，有效教學(xué)時(shí)間不少于34學(xué)時(shí)。每?jī)蓪W(xué)時(shí)完成課文和實(shí)用文體的教學(xué)。三、教學(xué)要求與教學(xué)內(nèi)容 1詞匯（1）注意區(qū)分常用詞語(yǔ)和專業(yè)詞語(yǔ)。專業(yè)詞語(yǔ)又可分為“術(shù)語(yǔ)”和“行業(yè)語(yǔ)”。熟練掌握2，000個(gè)左右的專業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯。（2）了解科技英語(yǔ)詞匯的來(lái)源。熟記部分希臘語(yǔ)和拉丁語(yǔ)的詞根

3、。（3）了解科技英語(yǔ)詞匯的造詞規(guī)則。注意比較英國(guó)英語(yǔ)和美國(guó)英語(yǔ)拼法的差異。2讀、譯、寫的技能（1）了解英美主要報(bào)刊雜志和一般印刷品的格式。（2）能借助專業(yè)詞典并利用目錄、索引、附錄、文獻(xiàn)等來(lái)閱讀、翻譯汽車各主要系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)造和工作原理、故障檢修、常規(guī)保養(yǎng)和新技術(shù)應(yīng)用等文章。特別應(yīng)注重英文原版文章的閱讀。 （3）能模擬套寫商務(wù)信函、電子郵件、傳真、業(yè)務(wù)單證、合同、廣告、產(chǎn)品說(shuō)明書、文章摘要等各種實(shí)用文體。 （完）ContentUnit OneText Structure of AutomobileReading Material Introduction of Automobile Industry

4、Written Expressions Layout of English LetterUnit Two Text Four-stage-engine OperationReading Material Clever Cars Can Read Road SignsWritten Expressions E-mail and Fax Unit Three Text The Power Mechanism of the EngineReading Material Engine Classifications and Engine PerformanceWritten Expressions R

5、sumUnit FourText Valves and Valve TrainReading Material Engine Analyzer科技英語(yǔ)知識(shí)1 科技英語(yǔ)詞匯的來(lái)源和分析Unit FiveText Engine Fuel SystemReading Material The Carburetor of a Gasoline EngineWritten Expressions Letter of Credit Unit SixText Engine Cooling SystemReading Material Vehicle Refrigeration Air Conditionin

6、gWritten Expressions PolicyUnit SevenText Engine Lubrication SystemReading Material Factors Influencing the Stability and Control of VehicleWritten Expressions Bill of ExchangeUnit EightText Engine Ignition SystemReading Material Electronic Ignition System科技英語(yǔ)知識(shí)2 美國(guó)英語(yǔ)和英國(guó)英語(yǔ)在詞匯上的差異Unit NineText Engine

7、 Starting SystemReading Material Annual Testing of Goods VehiclesWritten Expressions AdvertisementUnit TenText Exhaust SystemReading Material Emission ControlWritten Expressions Advertisement of EmploymentUnit ElevenText ClutchReading Material Automotive Chassis Written Expressions Directions for Us

8、e Unit TwelveText TransmissionReading Material Transmission Service and Maintenance科技英語(yǔ)知識(shí)3 翻譯技巧Unit ThirteenText Automobile Suspension SystemReading Material Electronic Control Suspension SystemWritten Expressions Sales ContractUnit FourteenText Automobile Steering SystemReading Material Four-wheel

9、SteeringWritten Expressions Contract Of Employment Unit FifteenText Automobile Braking SystemReading Material Anti-lock Brake System Written Expressions Invitation to Bid / TenderUnit SixteenText Instrument ClusterReading Material SRS Airbag科技英語(yǔ)知識(shí)4 翻譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) Appendix I Glossary 詞匯總表II Answer 練習(xí)答案 Transl

10、ation 參考譯文Unit OneText Structure of Automobile一、教學(xué)要求與建議1。本課簡(jiǎn)述汽車的構(gòu)造。要求了解汽車的基本組成，熟記發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、底盤、電氣設(shè)備和車身及附屬設(shè)備的名稱。2。書信(Letter)一般可分為事務(wù)信件或公函(Business Letter or Offical Correspondence)以及私人信件。本課應(yīng)用寫作要求掌握英文書信格式和書信寫作的五項(xiàng)基本原則，即：體貼、簡(jiǎn)明、清晰、禮貌、正確（consideration, conciseness, clarity, courtesy, correctness） 并模擬寫作。3。課文練習(xí)目的在于

11、鞏固所學(xué)詞匯和短語(yǔ)；熟悉常用的汽車專業(yè)縮寫詞，擴(kuò)大詞匯量。4。重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ) ：engine chassis body electrical system fuel lubricating cooling ignition cylinderstarting system transmission system suspension system steering system brake system clutch gearbox drive shaft final drive differential leaf spring coil spring torsion bar steering

12、wheel steering shaft worm gear sector pitman arm drag link steering knuckle arm king pin steering arm tie rod front axle steering knuckle kinetic energy brake drum brake shoe brake lining wheel brake mechanism parking brake mechanism hood fender roof panel instrument panel bumper luggage compartment

13、 air-fuel mixture combustion chamber battery generator horn 二、課文教學(xué)提示 1. It is well-known thateg. 1 It is well-known that the electrical properties of semiconductors depend very much on their purity. 半導(dǎo)體電的性能完全取決于本身的純度，這是眾所周知的。 2 It is well-known that the atom is made of still smaller particles. 眾所周知，

14、原子由更小的微粒組成。2. provide sth. for sb. provide sb. with sth eg. 1 We provide everything for our customers. 我們供應(yīng)顧客各樣?xùn)|西。 2 The school provides all the books we need for us. 學(xué)校為我們提供我們需要的書籍。 3 The school provides us with all the materials we need. 學(xué)校提供我們所需要的一切資料。 4 We are provided with everything we need fo

15、r work. 我們被提供了工作所需要的一切。3. fall into eg. 1 His lecture falls into three parts. 他的演講分為三部分。 2 This period of history falls into two phases.這一段歷史分為兩個(gè)階段。三、Key to the exercises練習(xí)參考答案Check Your Understanding. Choose the correct word to match the sentence1. chassis 2. lubricating 3. ignition 4. combustion 5

16、. cylinder 6. transmission 7. suspension 8. friction 9. crankshaft 10. axle. Fill in the table below English Chineseelectrical system 電器系統(tǒng)expanding force 膨脹力auto component 汽車部件final drive 后橋，主減速器gear sector 扇形齒輪pitman arm 轉(zhuǎn)向搖臂drag link 直拉桿tie rod 轉(zhuǎn)向橫拉桿king pin 主銷brake shoe 制動(dòng)蹄片Build Up Your Vocabula

17、ry. Write down the words that the important abbreviation stands for 1. auxiliary air control valve2. average annual daily traffic3. American Automobile Labeling Act4. advanced automotive power systems5. active anti-theft system6. anti afterburn valve7. automobile backward automatic ranging system8.

18、air bleed control valve. Look at the picture and label it correctly using the words given below 1. Frame 2. Wheels 3. Radiator 4. Engine 5. Clutch and gearbox 6. propeller shaft 7. Universal joint 8. Differential, Rear Axle 9. Fuel tank 10. Front axle 11. Steering 12. Road springs 13. Exhaust/silenc

19、er四、Written Expressions Layout of English Letter英文書信格式. Put Chinese into English I am fascinated with my pearl necklace-it is wonderful. You have chosen just what I want. I look graceful when I am wearing it and standing before the looking glass. Thank you so much.Put the Underlined words into Chine

20、se 敬請(qǐng)貴公司惠寄我們一冊(cè)永久牌自行車的目錄和最新價(jià)目單。倘若貴公司的自行車質(zhì)量另人滿意并且價(jià)格有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性，我們將經(jīng)常大量定貨。早復(fù)為盼。Unit TwoText Four-stage-engine Operation一、教學(xué)要求與建議1。發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)是將化學(xué)能轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)械能的機(jī)器，它的轉(zhuǎn)化過(guò)程實(shí)際上就是工作循環(huán)的過(guò)程，簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)就是通過(guò)燃燒氣缸內(nèi)的燃料，產(chǎn)生動(dòng)能，驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)氣缸內(nèi)的活塞往復(fù)的運(yùn)動(dòng)，由此帶動(dòng)連在活塞上的連桿和與連桿相連的曲柄，圍繞曲軸中心作往復(fù)的圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)，而輸出動(dòng)力的。本課要求掌握一個(gè)工作循環(huán)包括有四個(gè)活塞行程（所謂活塞行程就是指活塞由上止點(diǎn)到下止點(diǎn)之間的距離的過(guò)程）：進(jìn)氣行程、壓縮行程

21、、膨脹行程（作功行程）和排氣行程。 2。本課 應(yīng)用寫作要求掌握電子郵件的格式并模擬寫作。一個(gè)完整的電子郵件主要由三部分組成:：郵件頭、郵件正文及簽名。郵件頭是一個(gè)電子郵件的前幾行，它反映郵件的重要統(tǒng)計(jì)信息，主要包括時(shí)間(Date)、收件人的地址(To)、寄件人的地址(From)、主題(Subject)、能得到郵件副本的人的地址(Cc)。 主題行應(yīng)該用簡(jiǎn)短的文字詳細(xì)而準(zhǔn)確地反映電子郵件的主要內(nèi)容，因?yàn)榻^大多數(shù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)居民在決定是否閱讀信箱中滿滿一疊電子郵件時(shí)，僅僅通過(guò)掃描一下Subject這一行。郵件簽名一般與正文空開一行，附在郵件最后，內(nèi)容一般是寄件人姓名、工作單位及地址、聯(lián)系電話等，簽名雖然是可

22、有可無(wú)的，但加上簽名可以在雙方交流中增進(jìn)友誼。簽名不應(yīng)超過(guò)四行，否則會(huì)給人一種喧賓奪主的感覺。3。課文練習(xí)目的在于鞏固所學(xué)詞匯和短語(yǔ)；熟悉常用的汽車專業(yè)縮寫詞，擴(kuò)大詞匯量。4。重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ) ： electric motor steam engine internal combustion engine gasoline engine kerosene engine diesel enginepiston top dead center bottom dead centerintake stroke compression stroke power stroke exhaust stroke

23、crankshaft revolution connecting rod volume intake valve exhaust valvespark plug crankpin port 二、課文教學(xué)提示 1. each time （that）clause-eg. 1 Each time he came to town he would visit our school.他每次進(jìn)城都要到我們學(xué)校來(lái)看看。 2 Each time he came to Shanghai he would stay with me for a few days.他每次來(lái)上海，總要和我呆上幾天。2. As clau

24、se-adverbial of mannereg. 1 Just as an accelerator pedal controls the speed of a cars engine, the steel rods control the rate of the fission reaction. 正如汽車的加速桿控制發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的速度一樣，（反應(yīng)堆中的）鋼桿控制核裂變的速率。 2 The heavier air crowds the lighter gas upward as a piece of wood is forced to the surface of water. 比重較大的空氣將比

25、重較小的氣體擠向上方，就象木塊浮向水面一樣。三、Key to the exercises練習(xí)參考答案. Choose the correct word to match the sentence1. energy 2. gasoline 3. impulse 4. expand 5. stage 6. piston 7. mixture 8. plug 9. valve 10. spark. Fill in the table below English Chinesediesel engines 柴油機(jī)top dead center 上止點(diǎn)bottom dead center 下止點(diǎn)comp

26、ression stroke 壓縮沖程exhaust valve 排氣門spark plug 火花塞air-fuel mixture 可燃混合氣intake valve 進(jìn)氣門connecting rod 連桿kerosene engines 煤油機(jī)Build Up Your Vocabulary. Write down the words that the important abbreviation stands for 1. alcohol blender gasoline2. alternating-current generator3. air cleaner housing4. a

27、utomatic car identification5. automotive crash injury research6. acoustic control induction system7. automatic checkout test equipment8. actual servo position. Look at the picture and label it correctly using the words given below1. Intake stroke 2. No compression 3. Compression stroke 4. Expansion

28、stroke 5. Exhaust stroke 6. Inlet valve 7. Exhaust valve 8. Piston 9. Connection rod 10. Crankshaft四、Written Expressions E-mail and Fax 電子郵件和傳真. Put Chinese into EnglishA: 1. that I have made a new friend in Japan. 2. in my leisure hours 3. playing the violinB: 1. a copy of your catalogue and pricel

29、ist 2. copies of any descriptive leaflets 3. An early reply would be appreciated. Put English into Chinese1. 本公司專門從事東南亞貿(mào)易，但尚未與貴國(guó)發(fā)展業(yè)務(wù)往來(lái)。特函探詢，能否發(fā)展有利于你 我雙方的合作關(guān)系。2. 冒昧自薦，我們是本國(guó)最大的機(jī)械進(jìn)口商之一，希望與貴公司建立貿(mào)易伙伴關(guān)系。3. 從懷特先生處得知，貴公司是你們地區(qū)最主要的電子產(chǎn)品進(jìn)口商之一，隨函附上我方產(chǎn)品插圖目錄及價(jià)目表。4. 承蒙日本東京工商業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)告知貴公司名稱，并獲悉貴公司生產(chǎn)紡織品、布品以及其它一般性商品，同時(shí)兼做進(jìn)出

30、口生意。5. 我們是倫敦的一家進(jìn)出口公司，主要經(jīng)營(yíng)各種機(jī)械設(shè)備，已有大約40年的商貿(mào)歷史。6.公司是中國(guó)最大的食品貿(mào)易公司，在中國(guó)各主要城鎮(zhèn)都有分公司及門市部。7.很高興回復(fù)您對(duì)三輪車資料的詢函。8. 茲回復(fù)貴公司2月15日來(lái)函，隨函附上本公司最新價(jià)目表，以資參考。9.請(qǐng)惠告商品詳情，包括產(chǎn)品尺寸、顏色、價(jià)格，并附上不同質(zhì)地材料的樣本。10. 隨函附上公司概況、業(yè)務(wù)范圍和其它方面的小冊(cè)子一本，以資參考。Unit ThreeText The Power Mechanism of the Engine一、教學(xué)要求與提示1。曲軸連桿機(jī)構(gòu)包括活塞、連桿、曲柄、帶有飛輪的曲軸等，是發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)借以產(chǎn)生動(dòng)力，并

31、將活塞的直線往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榍男D(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)而輸出動(dòng)力的機(jī)構(gòu)。在作功行程中，活塞承受燃?xì)鈮毫υ跉飧變?nèi)作直線運(yùn)動(dòng)，通過(guò)連桿轉(zhuǎn)換成曲軸的旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)，并從曲軸對(duì)外輸出動(dòng)力。而在進(jìn)氣、壓縮和排氣行程中，飛輪釋放能量又把曲軸的旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化成活塞的直線運(yùn)動(dòng)。本課要求掌握組成曲軸連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的三個(gè)部分：氣缸體曲軸箱組、活塞連桿組以及曲軸飛輪組。2。簡(jiǎn)歷的內(nèi)容有很強(qiáng)的目的性。如果是求職，重點(diǎn)應(yīng)放在學(xué)歷、專業(yè)特長(zhǎng)、能力業(yè)績(jī)上；如果是晉升職稱，重點(diǎn)應(yīng)放在任現(xiàn)職以來(lái)所取得的科研水平、工作實(shí)績(jī)能力上，突出個(gè)人貢獻(xiàn)、展示取得的成果，寫出特色。本課應(yīng)用寫作要求掌握個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷的格式并模擬寫作。 3。課文練習(xí)目的在于鞏固所學(xué)詞匯和短語(yǔ)；

32、熟悉常用的汽車專業(yè)縮寫詞，擴(kuò)大詞匯量。4。重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ) ： crankshaft and connecting rod assembly crankcase cylinder block piston flywheel thermal energy mechanical energy alloy ironpiston head piston ring piston land piston skirt piston pin hole flat concave convex turbulencering groove compression ring oil-control ringconnec

33、ting rod small end connecting rod big end connecting rod shank connecting rod cap connecting rod bearing half shell I-cross section bushing main bearing journal rod journal crank arm bearing counter-balanced weight flywheel end二、課文教學(xué)提示1. adj. + enough to do sth.eg. 1 He is old enough to go to school

34、. 他到了上學(xué)的年紀(jì)。 2This book is small enough to go in my pocket. 這本書很小，足以放進(jìn)我的口袋。2. prep. + which clause-attributive clauseeg. 1 Language is a tool by means of which people communicate ideas with each other. 語(yǔ)言是人們互相交流思想的工具。 2 At the center of an atom is a nucleus, around which electrons revolve. 原子的中心是原子核，

35、電子繞原子核旋轉(zhuǎn)。3. thereforeeg. 1 Since you do not know, therefore I shall have to tell you. 因?yàn)槟悴恢溃晕也坏貌桓嬖V你。2 The word is an uncountable noun and is used in a general sense, therefore it takes no article. 這個(gè)詞是不可數(shù)名詞，又是用于一般意義，所以不要加冠詞。三、Key to the exercises練習(xí)參考答案Check Your Understanding. Choose the correct

36、word to match the sentence1. piston 2. block 3. cylinder 4.crankshaft 5. flywheel 6. crankcase 7. pin 8. turbulence. Fill in the table belowEnglish Chinesepower mechanism 動(dòng)力裝置thermal energy 熱能kinetic energy 動(dòng)能piston head 活塞頂部mechanical energy 機(jī)械能connecting rod 連桿heat dam 絕熱槽power stroke 做功行程inertia

37、forces 慣性力piston ring 活塞環(huán)Build Up Your Vocabulary. Write down the words that the important abbreviation stands for 1.digital analog converter2.drive axle ratio3.drawbar horse power4.dual diaphragm distributor 5.direct fire unit6.distributor ignition7.double-overhead-camshaft (engine)8.diagnostic tro

38、uble code. Look at the picture and label it correctly using the words given ake stroke 2. compression stroke 3. power stroke 4. exhaust stroke 5. combustible mixture 6. intake valve 7. spark plug 8. exhaust valve 9. exhaust gas四、Written Expressions Rsum簡(jiǎn)歷Read carefully the information give

39、n below and write a rsum for Kang Nali who is applying to study abroad.Rsum.Personal Data: .Education:1. Name: Kang Nali 9. 19992001 Xian Jiaotong University2. Address: 404 Building 23 Major in gas dynamics Xianjiaotong University M.S. degree China 10.19921996 Xian Jiaotong University3. Birthdate: A

40、ug.11 1970 Major in internal combustion engine B.S. degree （to be continued） .Experience:4. Bitheplace: Xian 11. 2003present Associate professor the Department of PME,XJU 19972003 Lecturer the Department of PME,XJU 19961997 Teaching assistant the Department of PME,XJU5. Nationality: Chinese 12. 1986

41、1992 Worker Xian Railway Construction Company6. Maritial Status: Married with a child .Special Training:7. Sex: male 13. 1997 one-year course in computers8.Interests: Football 14. 1991 3-month training class Arts to learn to make fans Classical musicUnit FourText Valves and valve Train1。配氣機(jī)構(gòu)的功用是按照發(fā)動(dòng)

42、機(jī)每一氣缸內(nèi)所進(jìn)行的工作循環(huán)和發(fā)火次序的要求，定時(shí)開啟和關(guān)閉各氣缸的進(jìn)、排氣門，使新鮮充量得以及時(shí)進(jìn)入氣缸，廢氣得以及時(shí)從氣缸排出；在壓縮與膨脹行程中，保證燃燒室的密封。新鮮充量對(duì)于汽油機(jī)而言是汽油和空氣的棍合氣，對(duì)于柴油機(jī)而言是純空氣。本課要求掌握氣門組所包括的氣門、氣門導(dǎo)管、氣門座、彈簧座、氣門彈簧、鎖片等零件和由搖臂、搖臂軸、推桿、挺柱、凸輪軸和正時(shí)齒輪組成的氣門傳動(dòng)組。2?？茖W(xué)和技術(shù)是新詞匯的主要供應(yīng)者，每當(dāng)某一門科學(xué)發(fā)展到一個(gè)新階段的時(shí)候，就有相當(dāng)大一批新詞涌現(xiàn)。在這些新詞當(dāng)中，很多是該門科學(xué)的專用詞匯，鮮為外行人所知曉，只有專科字典及詞典才有收藏；但是，其中也有不少常被應(yīng)用和引用，

43、結(jié)果成了一般人所喜聞樂道的用語(yǔ)?？萍加⒄Z(yǔ)知識(shí)1要求了解科技英語(yǔ)詞匯的來(lái)源，記住部分希臘和拉丁詞素，最終掌握新出現(xiàn)的科技詞匯。3。課文練習(xí)目的在于鞏固所學(xué)詞匯和短語(yǔ)；熟悉常用的汽車專業(yè)縮寫詞，擴(kuò)大詞匯量。4。重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ) ： intake port exhaust port cylinder head intake manifold exhaust manifold valve gear timing gear camshaft tappet valve spring with fastener valve guide eccentric wheel drive gear gallerycyl

44、indrical bore push rod rocker armrubber ring rubber cap washervalve stem valve seat二、課文教學(xué)提示1. so that + clause-adverbial of purpose eg. 1 Stir the solution so that the compound may dissolve more quickly.攪一下溶液，使化合物溶解快些。 2 They worked hard so that they could overfulfil their task.他們努力工作，以便超額完成任務(wù)。2. be

45、 made of be made from eg. 1 The resistance of a wire also depends upon what material it is made of.導(dǎo)線的電阻也取決于制成的材料。2 This dress is made of nylon, isnt it?這件衣服的料子是尼龍的，是不是？3 Steel is made from iron.鋼是由鐵煉成的。4 Wine can be made from grapes.酒可以由葡萄釀成。3. consist of be composed of be made up ofeg. 1 A sentenc

46、e consists mainly of the subject and predicate.一個(gè)句子主要由主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)組成。2 Coke consists mainly of carbon.焦炭的主要成分是碳3 Water is composed of oxygen and hydrogen.水由氧和氫組成。4 The army was composed entirely of mercenary troops.全軍為雇傭兵所組成。5 The mobile medical team is made up of ten doctors.流動(dòng)醫(yī)療隊(duì)由十名醫(yī)生組成。6 The majority of

47、 the population of our country is made up of workers、farmers and soldiers.工農(nóng)兵占我國(guó)人口的大多數(shù)。三、Key to the exercises練習(xí)參考答案Check your Understanding . Choose the correct word to match the sentence1. camshaft2. rocker3. valve4. manifold 5. bore6. tappet7. eccentric 8. clearance. Fill in the table below Englis

48、h Chinesevalve gear 配氣機(jī)構(gòu)fresh charge 新鮮充氣coil spring 螺旋彈簧valve stem 氣門桿valve guide 氣門導(dǎo)管push rod 推桿rocker arm shaft 搖臂軸cylinder head 氣缸蓋timing gear 正時(shí)齒輪valve clearance 氣門間隙Build Up Your Vocabulary. Write down the words that the important abbreviation stands for 1.electronic (idle) air control valve 2

49、.electronic secondary air injection3.electronic air suspension4.electronic control advance5.engine control module6.engine coolant temperature7.electronic diagnostic monitor 8.evaporative emission control system. Look at the picture and label it correctly using the words given below1.camshaft 2. camf

50、ollower 3. push rod 4. adjuster 5. rocker shaft 6. rocker arm7. valve spring 8. valve 9. valve port 10. combustion chamber科技英語(yǔ)知識(shí)1. Put the following words into plural 1.appendices/appendixes 2.bacteria3.curricula/curriculums 4. data5.foci/focuses 6.formulae/formulas7.indices/indexes 8. media/mediums

51、9.nuclei/nucleuses 10. radii/radiuses11.stimuli 12. analyses13. bases 14. criteria15. hypotheses 16. phenomena17. axes 18. crises19. theses 20. abaci/abacuses . Write out noun form by adding the suffix to the following wordsexplosion exposure leader kindnesspreference width performance divisionobser

52、ver argument encouragement carelessnessintensity liberation possibility education. Write out verb form by adding the suffix to the following wordsmodernize centralize strengthen purifybroaden simplify weaken prettifyrealize industrialize normalize revolutionizeshorten deepen soften intensify. Write

53、out adjective form by adding the suffix to the following wordschildish drinkable hopeless naturalnorthward sunny wooden troublesomeheroic poisonous glorious passionatecustomary costly foolish beneficialUnit FiveText Engine Fuel System一、教學(xué)要求與建議1。汽油在汽油泵的作用下，自汽油箱流經(jīng)汽油濾清器，濾去雜質(zhì)后，進(jìn)入汽油泵再壓送到化油器中?？諝鈩t經(jīng)空氣濾清器濾去所

54、含灰塵后，流人化油器。汽油與空氣在化油器中混合形成可燃混合氣，經(jīng)進(jìn)氣管分配到各個(gè)氣缸。混合氣在氣缸內(nèi)燃燒生成的廢氣，經(jīng)排氣管、消聲器排到大氣中。為檢查油箱中的汽油量，還裝有汽油油面指示表。本課要求掌握汽油機(jī)燃料供給系統(tǒng)。2。信用證主要內(nèi)容(1)對(duì)信用證本身的說(shuō)明。如其種類、性質(zhì)、有效期及到期地點(diǎn)。(2)對(duì)貨物的要求。根據(jù)合同進(jìn)行描述。(3)對(duì)運(yùn)輸?shù)囊蟆?4)對(duì)單據(jù)的要求，即貨物單據(jù)、運(yùn)輸單據(jù)、保險(xiǎn)單據(jù)及其它有關(guān)單證。(5)特殊要求。(6)開證行對(duì)受益人及匯票持有人保證付款的責(zé)任文句。(7)國(guó)外來(lái)證大多數(shù)均加注：“除另有規(guī)定外，本證根據(jù)國(guó)際商會(huì)跟單信用證統(tǒng)一慣例(1993年修訂)即國(guó)際商會(huì)50

55、0號(hào)出版物 （UCP500）辦理。”(8)銀行間電匯索償條款(TT Reimbursement Clause)。本課應(yīng)用寫作要求掌握信用證的格式并模擬寫作。 3。課文練習(xí)目的在于鞏固所學(xué)詞匯和短語(yǔ)；熟悉常用的汽車專業(yè)縮寫詞，擴(kuò)大詞匯量。4。重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ) ：fuel tank fuel supply line fuel pump fuel filter carburetor injector air-fuel ratio fuel feed pipe fuel nozzle baffle hinged float dashboard gaugeeccentric lobe diaphragm

56、armature magnetic coil pressure relief valve pressure regulatorthrottle plate二、課文教學(xué)提示1. instead of eg. 1 A lot of suitcases and purses are made of plastic instead of leather. 很多手提箱和錢包是塑料制成的，而不是皮制的。 2 You should be out instead of in on such a fine day. 天氣這樣好，你應(yīng)該出去，不要呆在里面。2. rather than eg. 1 He shoul

57、d be rewarded rather than punished. 他應(yīng)受獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)而不應(yīng)受懲罰。 2 He was bolting his food rather than eating it. 他是在囫圇吞食物而不是吃。三、Key to the exercises練習(xí)參考答案Check your Understanding . Choose the correct word to match the sentence1. venturi 2. armature3. pump4. diaphragm 5. filter 6. float7. carburetor 8. discharge. F

58、ill in the table below English Chinesefuel injector pump 噴油泵air-fuel ratio 空燃比throttle plate 節(jié)氣門fuel filter 燃油濾清器fuel pump 燃油泵magnetic coil 磁性線圈secondary filter 次級(jí)濾清器gasoline engines 汽油機(jī)diesel engines 柴油機(jī)intake valve 進(jìn)氣門Build Up Your Vocabulary. Write down the words that the important abbreviation s

59、tands for 1. electronic (idle) air control valve 2. electronic secondary air injection 3. electronic air suspension 4. electronic control advance 5. engine control module 6. engine coolant temperature 7. electronic diagnostic monitor 8. evaporative emission control system. Look at the picture and la

60、bel it correctly using the words given below 1. fuel tank2. overflow valve3. fuel filter 4. feed pipe5. hand primer6. fuel feed pump7. injection pump8. return pipe9. pressure pipe10. combustion chamber11. Injector 12. exhaust pipe13. exhaust valve14. return pipe15. air cleaner 16. intake pipe四、Writt