翻譯理論與實踐練習

1、翻譯理論與實踐練習Exercises for Theory & Practice of Translation Lectured by1 The U.S. PavilionOn behalf of the U.S. Department of Commence and the Association for Manufacturing Technology, I would extend my greetings to the fourth China International Machine Tool Show (CIMT95), and welcome the visitors to t

2、he U.S. Pavilion. We are proud of our US Pavilion, where 70 US exhibitors are displaying the latest world class machine tool technology and related manufacturing services. The technology and services demonstrated here are the primary building blocks for industrialization in every nation of the world

3、.I hope you will utilize this opportunity to assess products and services offered in the US Pavilion and discuss with representatives of our US industry how these goods and services can meet your particular industrial needs.China and the US have made tremendous strides in forging mutually-beneficial

4、 commercial relationships. We at the Department of Commence, working closely with the US private sector, are proud of the role we have played in developing these ties, and we look forward to strengthening our relationship in the months and years ahead. It is through events like CIMT95 that our growi

5、ng ties will be reinforced.Again, I welcome you to this impressive show, and I wish you a successful and productive visit to our US Pavilion. Roland H. Brown The Secretary of Commerce美國展團我代表美國商務部和美國機械制造技術協(xié)會謹向第四屆中國國際機床展覽會表示祝賀，歡迎諸位光臨美國展團。我為我們的美國展團感到自豪， 70多位參展商將展出最新的，具有世界水平的機床科技以及相關的制造維修技術。 這些工藝和技術是世界各

6、國工業(yè)化的基礎。我希望諸位能利用這一機會了解美國站團的產(chǎn)品和技術并與美國的產(chǎn)業(yè)代表探討如何利用這些產(chǎn)品和技術來滿住貴方業(yè)界的特殊需求。中美兩國為建立互利的經(jīng)濟關系進行了巨大的努力。 為此， 美國經(jīng)濟部還與美國的私營企業(yè)進行了密切的合作。 我們?yōu)樽约涸诎l(fā)展這一互利關系中所起的作用感到自豪， 同時希望在未來的歲月里進一步加強這一關系。 而像CIMT95 這樣的活動正是進一步加強這種互利關系的盛會。再次歡迎諸位參加這一令人難忘的盛會， 并祝愿大家對美國展團的參觀富有收效，取得成果！ 美國商務部長 羅納德布朗=求職信敬啟者： 本人欲申請今天香港日報上貴公司以廣告招聘的教科書編輯職位， 并隨函附上個人簡

7、歷一份，懇請予以考慮。 本人對英文和圖書有特別的興趣， 素來盼望做編輯工作。 貴公司目前的空缺為我提供了盼望已久的機會。 本人謹希望能獲得面試的機會， 以便能更充分地說明本人具備的各項資歷。Dear Sir or Madam:I should be glad if you would consider my qualifications, particulars of which are contained in the closed resume, for the position of school publishing editor, advertised in todays Hong

8、Kong Daily. I have a special interest in English and books and have always wanted to become an editor. Your present vacancy seems to offer the opportunity I have been waiting for. I hope I may be granted an interview, when I can explain my qualification more fully. Your faithfully2個人簡歷姓名：王甘地 年齡： 28性

9、別： 男 婚姻狀況： 未婚學歷： 本科 籍貫： 四川學歷背景1990-94： 香港中文大學英語系學習1986-90： 香港湯普森中學 學習 工作經(jīng)驗199411-1995，12： 香港泰安銀行灣仔分行行政助理1996-今： 香港圣馬莉書院英文教師 工作技能會廣東話，英文，日文能熟練操作電腦有銀行工作的實際經(jīng)驗 工作態(tài)度有團隊意識， 有責任心 抱著對貴公司的濃厚興趣，希望加入到貴公司，為貴公司效力。 若能給予面試機會，將不勝感激。聯(lián)系方式： 1398888889= About Broadway Autos - Broadway Autos is a subsidiary of Broadway

10、International Inc. of Portland, Oregan. Broadway manufactures and markets two types of battery-driven electric vehicles: short-range delivery vehicle and one-person cars for disabled people. The vehicle bodies are manufactured in Broadways own factory, but all other components including electric mot

11、ors, batteries and wheels are bought to two months stock and assembled in the factory. Over the years Broadway has built up a good relationship with its suppliers, most of whom have been working them for many years. 百老匯汽車公司簡介 百老匯汽車公司是設在俄勒岡州波特蘭市的百老匯國際公司的子公司。該公司生產(chǎn)并銷售電瓶驅(qū)動的汽車： 短程送貨車和單人座殘疾人車。 車身在百老匯汽車公司所

12、屬的工廠里生產(chǎn)，但是其他部件，包括電動機，蓄電池組和車輪都是外購的，備有兩個月的庫存，并在該廠組裝。多年來，百老匯與其他供貨商建立了良好的關系，其中大部分供貨商已與之合作多年。3 耐克耐克是當今商界最有影響的銷售公司之一，但它起步時卻是薇不足道的。這家全球巨人公司在20世紀60年代靠推銷廉價日本運動鞋起家。 公司的創(chuàng)始人將運動鞋放在自己的小汽車里，帶到美國高中田徑運動會上向運動員兜售。運動鞋 sports shoes NikeNike is one of the most powerful marketing companies in the business world today, but

13、 it had very small beginnings. The global giant company started in the 1960s with the companys founders selling cheap Japanese sports shoes to American high school athletes at school track meetings, using a supply of shoes they kept in their car. 4休閑中心1. Rest Center2. Recreation Center3. Spa Center北

14、美的“RecreationCenter”一般是指體育運動場所，而且多是大型公共康樂設施，提供各種運動、健身服務。近年來，國內(nèi)各地出現(xiàn)的“休閑中心”提供的是洗浴、按摩、美容等服務，更接近于國外的“Spa”。國外的“Spa”顧客多為女性，而國內(nèi)的則男女均有，且服務項目更多元化。5臺北婚紗攝影Taibei Bridal WorldTaibei Bridal StudioTaibei Photographic Center for Brides6上海煙草集團名煙名酒店Famous-Brand Tobacco & Wine Shop Shanghai2. Famous-Brand Tobacco & L

15、iquor Shop Shanghai3. Shanghai Tobacco Group Brand Name Tobacco & Liquor Store 7地鐵內(nèi)嚴禁攜帶易燃易爆物品No carrying combustible and explosive in metroNo carrying combustibles and explosives in metroFlammable and Explosive Substances Strictly Prohibited in Metro8請走側(cè)門Please use the side doorPlease use side door9

16、逛南京路、游外灘不要錯過地下禮品風情街,向后走十五米No missing when you wandering about Nanjing Rd & The Bund, there must be some gift suitable for you ! Go backward for about 15 meters.Dont miss the underground gift street when wandering about Nanjing Rd, and the Bund! Just 15 meters back.Be sure to visit our underground gi

17、ft and souvenir plaza when strolling down Nanjing Road or the Bund. Walk back 15 meters.10Better Later Than the Late晚了總比完了好寧遲一時, 不辭一世11老 弱 病 殘專座Courtesy Seats 12老年迪斯科舞廳Elderly Disco HallOld Disco HallSenile Disco Hall13游客止步Out of BoundsNo AdmittanceNot Open to VistorsVistors Not AdmittedPassengers S

18、top Here14隨地吐痰惹人恨，罰款一千有可能，傳播肺癆由此起， 衛(wèi)生法例要遵行。No Spitting. Maximum Penalty $1000.(周兆祥，） 15注意安全，拉好扶手Safety Attention, and Pull ArmrestHold Tight the Straphangers16小心地滑CAUTION . WET FLOOR!17小草青青，足下留情Please Keep Off Grass18展覽樣品，請勿觸摸Hands Off !19英語公示語的突出特：一是往往全部用大寫字母，不加句點。二是字數(shù)通常都很少，最少的只有一個詞。三是語言精練，常用名詞、動名詞

19、或名詞短語。有時為了簡練，冠詞略而不用。四是有時使用祈使句。五是有時采用十分正式的文體（胡文仲1987:1)。20Upon his death in 1826, Jefferson was buried under a stone which described him as he had wished to be remembered as the author of the Declaration on Independence and the Virginia Statutue for Religious Freedom and the father of the University

20、of Virginia.1826年杰斐遜逝世。按照他生前遺愿，在他墓地的石碑上刻著： 獨立宣言 和 弗訐尼亞信教自由法令 的作者、佛杰尼亞大學創(chuàng)建人之墓-切分法災難深重的中華民族，一百年來， 其優(yōu)秀人物奮斗犧牲，前赴后繼，摸索救國救民的真理，是可歌可泣的。-毛澤東選集， 第三卷For a hundred years, the finest sons and daughters of the disaster-ridden Chinese nation fought and sacrificed their lives, one stepping into the breach as anoth

21、er fell, in quest of the truth that would save the country and the people. This moved us to song and tears. -合并The sun sets regularly on the Union Jack these days, but never on the English language.現(xiàn)在，英國已不再是個“日不落”的國家了， 但是， 英語卻廣泛流行使用著。-正話反說這個摻痛的歷史教訓，我們?nèi)h同子一定要永遠記取，引以為鑒。No comrade in the Party must nev

22、er forget this bitter lesson and we must all take warning from it. -正話反說Hardly a day passes without him getting scratched or bruised as he scrambles for a place on a bus.他擠公共汽車，身上不是這里擦破，就是那里碰傷，幾乎天天如此。-反話正說Hard Times 艱難時事 Great Expectations 遠大前程 God Father 教父四書Four Books 五經(jīng) Five Classics 紅樓夢 A Dream

23、of Red Mansions 水滸 Water Margin 紅巖 Red CragA Farewell to Arms 永別了，戰(zhàn)爭 For Whom The Bell Tolls 喪鐘為誰而鳴 Gone with the Wind Uncle Toms Cabin Waterloo Bridge 魂斷藍橋 Blood and Sand 碧血黃沙21雨村起身也讓道：老先生請便。晚生乃常造之客，稍侯何妨?！癉ont stand on ceremony, sir”said Yu-tsun, rising. “I am a regular guest here, I dont mind wait

24、ing.”-“Whats your name, boy?” the policeman asked-“Dr Poussaint, Im a physician”-“Whats your first name, boy?.”-“ Alvin”“ Hold on, Arthur, my boy” he said, attempting to make his anxiety with facetious utterance. ( J. London, Marting Eden) 等一等， 阿瑟老弟，“ 他說，想用開玩笑的口氣來掩飾自己的不安?！癥ou neednt look for it,”sai

25、d Della. “ Its sold. I tell you- sold and gone, too. Its Christmas Eve, boy( O. Henry, The Gift of Magi)“你不用找了，”德拉說，“我告訴你，已經(jīng)賣了-賣了，找不著了。 今天是圣誕夜，親愛的。22 The maxim was that when a married couple saw red lawyers saw green. ( Rage of Angels)俗話說，夫婦吵得臉紅耳赤時，便是律師招財進寶之日。Alices girl friends were green with envy

26、 when they saw her new dress. Green-eyed red-eyed pink eyes 醫(yī)學上的“紅眼病”In American political elections the candidates that win are usually the ones who have green power backing them.在美國政治競選中獲勝的后選人通常都是些有財團支持的人物。You cannot expect Mary to do business with such people. She is only eighteen and as green as

27、 grass.你不能指望瑪麗同這樣的人做生意，她只有十八歲，還毫無經(jīng)驗。He saidLadies and Gentlemen,- May we all live to a green old age and be prosperous and happy. ( M. Twain, The Innocnets Abroad, ch. X)他說-諸位女士，先生- 祝我們大家都有一個幸福的晚年，富裕而安康。- You look blue today. Whats the matter with you ?- She is in holiday blue. 你今天顯得悶悶不樂，出了什么事情？ 她得了

28、“假期憂郁癥” blue film to make a blue joke By one survey, more than 20 million Americans now watch at least one blue video each week. Plain boiled water (白開水) plain sliced pork （白切肉） a blank sheet of paper （ 白紙）23 美國運通公司躋身于商界140多年的美國運通公司與時代同發(fā)展共變革。它以貨物快捷運輸起家，后來轉(zhuǎn)入與旅行相關的多種服務行業(yè)。如今，它以經(jīng)營國際金融業(yè)而聞名。運通公司的前身創(chuàng)建 于185

29、0年，由三家公司合并merge / amalgamate / acquisition 而成，這三家公司在東海岸與中西部之間從事貨物、貴重物品以及錢款的快捷貨運。 到19世紀60年代中期，該公司已在10個州擁有900家辦事處，同時也擁有一位強大的竟爭對手，即“商人聯(lián)盟快捷貨運公司”。經(jīng)過幾年的殊死較量，這兩個競爭對手合并成立了“美國商人聯(lián)盟快捷貨運公司”，并于1873年更名為“美國運通公司”。 American Express CompanyAmerican Express Company, in business over 140 years, has grown and changed wi

30、th the times. It started out in the express cargo business and later moved on to a variety of travel-related services. Today, it is becoming well known for its international financial operations.The original company was founded in 1850. It resulted from the merging of three firms involved in the exp

31、ress transport of goods, valuables, and money between the East Coast and the Midwest. By the mid-1860s, it had 900 offices in ten states. It also had a major competitor called the Merchant Union Express Company. After several years of cutthroat competition, the two rivals merged to become the Americ

32、an Merchants Union Express Company in 1873.24雋思集團是一家提供一條龍式服務的紙制品生產(chǎn)商和印刷商。雋思目前擁有兩間分別位于東莞市和天津市的現(xiàn)代化工廠，總面積625,000平方呎(約58,000平方米)，及4,500名接受過各種專業(yè)培訓的員工。集團專門設計和制造多元化優(yōu)質(zhì)紙品，包括：紙板游戲教育材料拼圖紙牌游戲兒童圖書文具禮品活動套裝包裝彩盒雋思在同業(yè)中以著重與客戶建立合作伙伴關系見稱。這種密切的伙伴關系，正好激勵我們?yōu)榭蛻籼峁┳顚I(yè)的服務及最豐富的創(chuàng)作靈感。過去二十多年，雋思與印刷業(yè)同步成長，一直致力于研究和開發(fā)，為客戶提供專業(yè)產(chǎn)品意見，其優(yōu)秀表現(xiàn)

33、已獲得國際和本地客戶的廣泛認同。QP Group is a one-stop service provider in paper product manufacturing and printing. With a professionally trained workforce of 4,500 and 625,000 square feet manufacturing plants in Dongguan and Tianjin, China housing the latest state-of-the-art facilities, the group specializes in t

34、he design and production of diversified high quality products including:Board GamesEducational ProductsPuzzlesCard GamesChildrens BooksGifts & StationeryActivity SetsPackaging BoxesWhat differentiates QP from other industry players is a strong commitment to partnership with our customers. Such close

35、 partnership motivates us to offer the best of our professional services and creativity for new ideas. Having been an active player in the industry for over two decades, QP is well recognized for its strengths in R&D and product design consultancy by our broad based international and local customers

36、. 25雋思提供了一個理想環(huán)境孕育創(chuàng)意。平凡的紙張可以變成無數(shù)有用產(chǎn)品，藉此開拓無限商機。請以您的用戶名及密碼，進入網(wǎng)頁瀏覽我們最新設計的產(chǎn)品。QP provides an environment conducive to creativity. Plain papers can be turned into numerous useful products and business opportunities. With your login name and password, enter the site to see some of our latest designs.26甲: 這是

37、一點小意思, 請務必收下.乙: 你這人真有意思,怎么也來這一套?甲: 唉, 只是意思意思罷了.乙: 啊, 真不好意思.-“閏土”也用上了程控電話27A: This is a little gift as a token of my appreciation. Please do take it.B: Oh, arent you a bit too polite? You shouldnt do that.A: Well, it just convey my gratitude.B: Ah, thank you then, though I really dont deserve it. Now

38、 the farmers have program-controlled telephones installed at their homes.28Sales EngineerRapidly expanding precision bearings manufacturer is looking for an aggressive, problem-solving, and motivated decision maker to cover Imperial and San Diego counties.Our candidate must develop, with minimal ass

39、istance customers, the full sales potential of the assigned territory, calling on new and established customers, including accounts of major importance. This individual will be required to analyze customer needs, keep them fully informed of product features and applications, and provide technical su

40、pport. A close working relationship with many company functions must be maintained , interfacing with such groups as customer service, engineering and management.A BS degree is desired, coupled with three years sales or engineering experience, preferably in the bearings or related industry.Top compe

41、nsation is offered to the right candidate, plus many valuable extras in benefits, incentives and expenses. For immediate consideration, we invite you to send your resume with salary history to: Alan B. Roney NMB CORPORATION 9730 Independence Avenue Chatsworth, CA 91311一家快速發(fā)展的精密軸承制造廠正在尋求一位有進取心、善于處理問題

42、、能果斷地做出決策的銷售工程師，負責 兩地的業(yè)務。候選人必須能在指定的銷售區(qū)域內(nèi)，不依賴任何支持，最大限度地開發(fā)客戶資源，聯(lián)系新老客戶，包括一些重要的大客戶；能分析客戶的需要，能向客戶全面介紹產(chǎn)品的特點和應用范圍， 并能向客戶提供技術援助。 此外， 候選人還需要和本公司內(nèi)其他部門保持良好的工作聯(lián)系，協(xié)調(diào)好顧客服務、工程設計及管理等部門的工作。候選人需具有理工學士學位，最好是在軸承廠或相關企業(yè)有三年銷售或工程設計經(jīng)驗。符合條件者將被高薪聘用，同時，在福利、獎勵、和其他費用方面待遇優(yōu)厚。有意者，請將履歷和工資情況寄至： 加州恰茲華斯獨立大道9730號 NMB 有限公司艾倫B. 羅尼先生收 郵編 9

43、131129 上海的經(jīng)濟建設 上海是中國重要的經(jīng)濟中心。建國50年來， 上海經(jīng)濟建設取得了巨大成就。特別是改革開放以來，上海人民走出了一條具有中國特色、體現(xiàn)時代特征、符合上海特點的發(fā)展新路。尤其是90年代以后，上海國民生產(chǎn)總值連續(xù)7年保持10%以上的增長率，1998年上海國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值達到3688億元，平均每年增長9。1%， 人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值為2。82萬元， 按當年匯率計算，已突破3300美元，相當于中等發(fā)達國家水平。上海人民走出了一條具有中國特色、體現(xiàn)時代特征、符合上海特點的發(fā)展新路the people of Shanghai have opened up a new path of deve

44、lopment with local features and Chinese characteristics of modern times.人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值: per capita GDP相當于中等發(fā)達國家水平。equivalent to the level of medium-advanced countries.Shanghai is an important economic center of China. In the past 50 years since the founding of New China, Shanghai has made tremendous achie

45、vements in economic construction. Especially since the adoption of the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, the people of Shanghai have opened up a new path of development with local features and Chinese characteristics of modern times. Beginning in 1990, the growth rate of Shanghais G

46、NP was more than 10 percent for seven years in succession. In 1998, GDP reached 368.8 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rage of 9.1 percent; and per capita GDP stood at 28,200 yuan, or more than US$3.300 calculated according to the years exchange rate, equivalent to the level of medium-adv

47、anced countries.30 中國經(jīng)濟體制改革 中國正在由計劃經(jīng)濟向市場經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)軌，因此我們的經(jīng)濟體制改革必須會涉及到外國投資政策的調(diào)整，而調(diào)整的目的是為了加速與國際接軌的進程。 為了逐步使我國的關稅總水平達到發(fā)展中國家的平均水平，我們將在近年來幾次降低關稅率的基礎上繼續(xù)大幅度降低關稅率。這樣做不僅是為了達到世界貿(mào)易組織對關稅的要求，而且也是我國建立社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的自身需要。 我們將根據(jù)市場經(jīng)濟的國際慣例和要求廢除各種有關進出口減免稅的條例，逐步統(tǒng)一本國企業(yè)與外資企業(yè)的稅收政策。這樣做的目的旨在使稅收制度標準化，創(chuàng)造企業(yè)與企業(yè)之間，地區(qū)與地區(qū)之間公平競爭的條件，進一步改善投資環(huán)境。中國

48、正在由計劃經(jīng)濟向市場經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)軌China is undergoing the process of transition from a planned to a market economy.轉(zhuǎn)軌過程：the process of transition / change/ switch經(jīng)濟體制改革: reform of economic system外國投資政策: foreign investment policies加速與國際接軌的進程: accelerate links with the usual international practices關稅總水平: general tariff l

49、evel關稅: tariff 關稅壁壘：tariff barriers 面稅：tariff-free而國內(nèi)的稅常用taxeg: 稅務會計 tax accounting 營業(yè)稅 tax on profit 增值稅 tax on value added當具體到某種關稅的時候，常用duty eg: 進口稅：import duty 出口稅 export duty 免稅商品 duty-free goods建立社會主義市場經(jīng)濟: establish a socialist market economy Chinas Reform of Economic System China is undergoing

50、 the process of transition from a planned to a market economy. Therefore, our reform of the economic system is bound to involve readjustments in some foreign investment policies, the goal of which is to accelerate links with usual international practices. In order to gradually bring our general tari

51、ff level in line with the average level of developing countries, we will, based on tariff rates which have been lowered several times in recent years, continue to introduce significant reductions in tariff rates. This effort will not only fulfill the tariff requirements of the World Trade Organizati

52、on, but also meet Chinas requirements for establishing a socialist market economy. We will act, in accordance with generally accepted international practices and the requirements of the market economy, to abolish various regulations governing import tax exemptions and reduction, and gradually unify

53、taxation policies governing Chinese and foreign-funded enterprises. The aim of doing so is to standardize the tax system, create conditions for equal competition between enterprises as well as regions, and further improve the investment environment. 31Qian Zhongshu: sublimation (化境) That is “既不能因語文習

54、慣的差異而露出生硬牽強的痕跡，又能完全保存原的風味。 32拜年Pay a New Year call / greeting財運Luck in making money祠堂Memorial temple道士Taoist priest江南水鄉(xiāng)The south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River33端午節(jié)Chinese Dragon-boat Festival國慶節(jié)National Day清明節(jié)Pure Brightness Day五一勞動節(jié)International Labor Day元宵節(jié)Lantern Festival34中秋節(jié)Mid-Autu

55、mn Festival重陽節(jié)Double-Ninth Festival豆腐渣工程Jerry-built project安居工程Housing project for low-income families35把已經(jīng)確定的方針政策落實到實處To get the set principles, policies and measures implemented百花齊放，百家爭鳴Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend本位主義departmentalism撥亂反正To set things right

56、 / to restore things to order 36吃皇糧To receive salaries,subsidies, or other supported from the government傳銷Pyramid selling / multi-level marketing打白條To issue IOU打假To crack down on counterfeit goods打破僵局To break the deadlock37黨群關系Party-mass relationship發(fā)展是硬道理Development is of overidding importance搞扶貧開發(fā)

57、To engage in the development of poverty alleviation福利分房Welfare-oriented public housing distributive system搞活國營大中型企業(yè)38搞活國營大中型企業(yè)To revitalize / invigorate large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises享有公費醫(yī)療To enjoy medical services at state expense 用公款吃喝 to enjoy banquet at public expenses掛靠To be att

58、ached / affiliated to / to be subordinate to 39和平共處五項原則The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence和平統(tǒng)一，一國兩制The principles of peaceful reunification and “one country, two systems”和平演變Peaceful evolution towards capitalism黑店Gangster inn40黑社會Gangland / Mafia-style organization灰色收入Income from moonlightin

59、g精簡機構(gòu)To streamline government organs糾正不正之風To rectify unhealthy tendencies and malpractices虧損企業(yè)Enterprises running in the red / under deficit41Dear Dr. Harmon, From todays paper I have learned with much delight that you were recently appointed editor-in-chief of The Morning Post. I would like to add

60、my congratulation to the many you must be receiving on your promotions. Your speedy advancement at such a young age is quite rare. This is surely owing to your untiring industry, coupled with your extraordinary ability.42 With your qualifications and unyielding will, the position will surely prove t