【英語(yǔ)】2022-2023學(xué)年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試試題(全國(guó)乙卷)無(wú)答案

1、第PAGE 頁(yè)碼19頁(yè)/總NUMPAGES 總頁(yè)數(shù)19頁(yè)2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題（全國(guó)乙卷）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選一選時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選一選時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。部分 聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)

2、小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：How much is the shirt？19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是A。1. What does the man want to do?A. He breakfast.B. Take a walk.C. Call his office.2. What was George doing last night?A. Hing a meeting.B. Flying home.C. Working on a project.3. Why doe

3、s the man suggest going to the park?A. Its big.B. Its quiet.C. Its new.4. How does the woman sound?A. Annoyed.B. Pleased.C. Puzzled.5. Where is the mans table?A. Near the door.B. By the window.C. In the corner.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各

4、個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6. What are the speakers going to do tonight?A. Eat out.B. Go shopping.C. Do sports.7. What is the probable relationsh between the speakers?A. Boss and secretary.B. Hostess and guest.C. Huand and wife.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8. Why does the woman think

5、July is the best time to move?A. Their business is slow.B. The weather is forable.C. Its easy to hire people.9. How will they handle the moving?A. Finish it all at once.B. He the sales section go first.C. Do one department at a time.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10. What d Peter learn from his grandfather?A. How

6、 to appreciate art works.B. How to deal with artists.C. How to run a museum.11. What d Peter do in Chicago?A. He studied at a college.B. He served in the army.C. He worked in a gallery.12. Whose works d Peter like best?A. Rembrandts.B. Botticellis.C. Rubens.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13. Where does the conver

7、sation take place?A. At a library.B. In a law firm.C. On a train.14. By what time d John plan to finish his term paper?A. March.B. August.C. October15. Why d John quit his part-time job?A. He had to catch up with his study.B. He was offered a better one.C. He got tired of it.16. What is Susans attit

8、ude to Johns problem?A. Carefree.B. Understanding.C. Forgiving.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17. What d the speaker do before the year 2012?A.A fitness coach.B.A chess player.C.A marathon runner.18. Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker?A. He was motivated by Bolt.B. He broke a world record.C. He

9、won fifth place.19. Which is the hardest for the speaker?A. Getting over an injury.B. Doing strength training.C. Representing Botswana.20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. His plan to go for the gold.B. His experience on the track.C. His love for his home country.第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）節(jié)（共15

10、小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出選項(xiàng)。AHenry Raeburn (1756-1823)The ExhibitionThis exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotlands best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major ex

11、hibition of his work to be held in over forty years.Lecture SeriesScottish National Portrait (肖像畫(huà)) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.An Introduction to RaeburnSunday 26 Oct., 15.00DUNCAN THOMSONRaeburns Engl

12、ish ContemporariesThursday 30 Oct., 13.10JUDY EGERTONCharacters and Characterisation in Raeburns PortraitsThursday 6 Nov., 13.10NICHOLAS PHILLSONRaeburn and Artists Training in the 18th CenturyThursday 13 Nov., 13.10MARTIN POSTLEExhibition TimesMonday-Saturday 10.00-17.45Sunday 12.00-17.45Last admis

13、sion to the exhibition: 17.15. The is no re-admission.Closed: 24-26 December and 1 JanuaryAdmission4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.Schools and CollegesA special low entrance charge of 2 per person is ailable to all in full-time education, up to and including thos

14、e at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.21. What is the right time for attending Raeburns English Contemporaries?A. Sun. 26 Oct.B. Thurs.30 Oct. C. Thurs. 6 Nov.D. Thurs. 13 Nov.22. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?A. 4.B. 8.C. 12.D. 16.23. How

15、can full-time students get group discounts?A. They should go on Sunday mornings.B. They should come from art schools.C. They must be led by teachers.D. They must he cards with them.BIn 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y. Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood treled

16、to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to ith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of

17、 Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruffs granddaughter.Why d they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.They moved in with a loca

18、l family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over

19、 ice.In Wickendens book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on femini, which of course influenced the girls decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牽涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book

20、 ends with Rosamond and Dorothys return to Auburn.Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoici (堅(jiān)忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slped behind the mounta

21、ins, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by all animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”24. Why d Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?A. To teach in a school.B. To study American history.C. To wri

22、te a book.D. To do sightseeing.25. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?A. They enjoyed much respect.B. They had a room with a bathtub.C. They lived with the local ks.D. They suffered severe hardshs.26. Which part of Wickendens writing is hair-raising?A. The extreme climate of Auburn.B

23、. The living conditions in Elkhead.C. The railroad building in the Rockies.D. The natural beauty of the West.27. What is the text?A. A news report.B. A book review.C. A childrens story.D. A diary entry.CCan a all group of drones (無(wú)人機(jī)) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same

24、 time, help railway operators se billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying todays “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) worldwe are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.Drones are already being us

25、ed to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliabil

26、ity and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.That includes huge sings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion

27、euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be oed with drones assisting the crews efforts.By using the latest technologies, drones could also start proving higher-value service

28、s for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail dont need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train

29、, and programmed to run autonomously. Very all drones with advanced sensors and AI and trelling ahead of the train could gue it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.28. What makes the application of

30、 drones to rail lines possible?A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.B. Drones ability to work at high altitudes.C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.D. Drones reliable performance in remote areas.29. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Personnel safety.B.

31、 Assistance from drones.C. Inspection and repair.D. Construction of infrastructure.30. What function is expected of the rail drones?A. To prove early warning.B. To make trains run automatically.C. To earn profits for the crews.D. To accelerate transportation.31. Which is the most suitable title for

32、the text?A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face D. How Drones Will Change the Future of RailwaysDThe Governments sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it w

33、ould generate, the first official data on the policy has shown. First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖). It is believed that todays children and teenagers are consuming three

34、 times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease. Initially the sugar tax was expected to make 520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate 240m for the ye

35、ar ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports. It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops he had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can o paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers efforts to o the char

36、ge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies he been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content. However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, he accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to cha

37、nge for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are all companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year. Todays figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is hing by raising mil

38、lions of pounds for sports facilities (設(shè)施) and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to he a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part. 32. Why was the sugar tax introduced? A. To collect money for schools. B. To improve the quality

39、of drinks. C. To protect childrens health. D. To encourage research in education. 33. How d some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax? A. They turned to overseas markets. B. They raised the prices of their products. C. They cut down on their production. D. They reduced their products sugar cont

40、ent. 34. From which of the following is the sugar tax collected? A. Most alcoholic drinks. B. Milk-based drinks. C. Fruit juices. D. Classic Coke. 35. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy? A. It is a short-sighted decision. B. It is a success story. C. It benefits manufact

41、urers. D. It upsets customers. 第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Friendsh needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendshs. Set a regular dateLong-lasting friendshs share the characteristic that both ses equally

42、contact (聯(lián)系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36 . More isnt always merrierMake sure you he communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37 . There are altern

43、atives to constant written communication, such as leing voice messages or hing a group chat. Practise empathy (共情) 38 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the

44、 fact that your friend may feel abandoned. 39 Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendshs. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends birthdays an

45、d other important dates will make sure nothing sls by you. Dont rely on technology alone 40 , but long-distance friendshs -even close ones -may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendshs. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.

46、 A. Remember important datesB. Compensate by writing lettersC. It is also helpful for you to be a friendsh keeperD. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to itE. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communicationF. It is easy to he a sense of connectedness through

47、social mediaG. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind第三部分 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的選項(xiàng)。Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of he and seek. For them, theres something highly exciting about _41_ someone elses gl

48、ance and making oneself unable to be seen.However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably _42_ at hing. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leing the rest of their bodies_43_.For a long time, this ineffective hing method was _44_ as evence that children are hopelessly “

49、egocentric” (自我的) creatures. But our _45_ research results in child developmental psychology _46_ that ea.We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each _47_ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or _48_. We then asked the child if she could _49_ or hear

50、the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldnt. The same _50_ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: _51_ children sa that they couldnt _52_ to her.A number of _53_ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects _

51、54_ the questions and knew _55_ what was asked of them. Their _56_ to the questions reflected their true _57_ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply _58_ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our _59_ suggest when a child “hes” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a re

52、sult of egocentri. In fact, children conser this method _60_ when others use it.41. A. followingB. takingC. escapingD. directing42. A. cleverB. badC. scaredD. quick43. A. exposedB. examinedC. untouchedD. imbalanced44. A. supportedB. guaranteedC. imaginedD. interpreted45. A. disappointingB. mixedC. s

53、urprisingD. desired46. A. explainedB. confirmedC. contradictedD. tested47. A. parentB. childC. researcherD. doctor48. A. feetB. noseC. handsD. ears49. A. seeB. helpC. reachD. fool 50. A. eventB. thingC. actionD. accent51. A. Yet B. NowC. SoonD. Once52. A. speakB. listenC. turnD. we53. A. instruction

54、sB. descrtionsC. experimentsD. assumptions54. A. comprehendedB. predictedC. exploredD. ignored55. A. partlyB. honestlyC. vaguelyD. exactly56. A. responsesB. approachesC. contributionD. sensitivity57. A. abilityB. beliefC. entityD. purpose58. A. hold backB. relate toC. insist on D. make up59. A. limi

55、tationsB. requirementsC. theoriesD. findings60. A. tentativeB. impressiveC. creativeD. effective第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially _61_ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019.To celebrate _62_festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businesan Museum in Beijing on Thursday.The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society _63_ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the _64_ (lar