2023屆常州市實(shí)驗(yàn)初級(jí)中學(xué)高考仿真卷英語試題含解析

1、2023屆高考英語模擬試卷考生請(qǐng)注意：1答題前請(qǐng)將考場(chǎng)、試室號(hào)、座位號(hào)、考生號(hào)、姓名寫在試卷密封線內(nèi)，不得在試卷上作任何標(biāo)記。2第一部分選擇題每小題選出答案后，需將答案寫在試卷指定的括號(hào)內(nèi)，第二部分非選擇題答案寫在試卷題目指定的位置上。3考生必須保證答題卡的整潔。考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his _ and had a bad fall.AbalanceBchanceCmemoryDplace2Its natural tha

2、t I didnt recognize her immediately I saw her. _, its almost 5 years since we met last. AAfter all BIn addition CWhats more DIn particular3The traffic problems we are looking forward to seeing should have attracted the governments attention.Asolving Bsolve Csolved Dto solve4“ _ I went through ups an

3、d downs in life，” Gordon said, “I never found the importance of being selfdisciplined as well as the significance of life.”AIf BSinceCUntil DUnless5At the end of the historic area，Wilmington displayed its _ as a working port city：large warehouses and a few other dated office buildingsAachievementBre

4、putationCcharacterDstandard6I regret not having taken your advice. Otherwise I _ this mistake at the moment.Adidnt makeBwouldnt makeChadnt makeDwouldnt have made7Mr. Wilson is a man of patience and kindness, and his good temper never _ him.AfailsBdisappointsCcontrolsDworries8-Im sure Andrew will win

5、 the first prize in the final. -I think so. He _ for it months.Ais preparingBhas been preparingCwas preparingDhad been preparing9_ for the fire at Notre Dame de Paris, a church famous for its large collection of art treasures, I would be there for a visit this summer vacation.AHad it not beenBShould

6、 it not beCWere it not beDIf had it not been10It is what you do rather than what you say _ matters.AthatBwhatCwhichDthis11What actually _ the accident has not yet been determined.Abrought outBbrought onCbrought aboutDbrought up12When I was small, my mom _read me stories at night.AcouldBshouldCmightD

7、would13After he consulted with his professor，an idea was beginning to_ in his mind.Apay offBtake shapeCwork outDmake up14 You should have come to the party last Saturday evening. It was really fantastic. But a friend an unexpected visit to me.ApaidBhad paidCwould payDhas paid15Mary_ to writing class

8、es every night since June and the course will end this week.Ahad gone Bhas been goingCis going Dwent16- Have you heard that they are working around the clock to compete for the prize?- Dont worry. We are ready to the challenge.Abuild upBtake upCstick toDlead to17 How much do you charge for the iPhon

9、e? Well,it cost me $ 400,but Ill _ 20% as its no longer new.Areduce to Bdecrease toCknock off Dcut off18_ work and creative activities have been important drivers of human progress is deeply rooted in our social values.AHow BWhetherCThat DWhy19Lichun is a Chinese word for one of the 24 solar terms,

10、means the beginning of spring.AwhoBthatCwhoseDwhich20When did you get to know your girlfriend?It was in 2015 _ she was working as a volunteer in Africa.AthatBwhichCwhenDthen第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21（6分） Although the idea of “zero emission, net carbon-positive, sustainable (

11、可持續(xù))” development was promoted worldwide, most cities are at a loss what to do or even some have objected to it. But in Liuzhou, a city in southern China, attitudes could not be more different.The Liuzhou Municipality Urban Planning Bureau has signed up Italian architect Stefano Boeri, the father of

12、 the forest city movement, to build a self-contained community for up to 30,000 people. He is the go-to man for such projects thanks to the success of his “vertical forests”, two residential (住宅的) towers. Completed in 2014, they remove up to 17.5 tons of soot (煤煙) from the air each year, and a year

13、later one of them was named Best Tall Building Worldwide.The Liuzhou project is a much more ambitious undertaking, however. Its homes, hospitals, hotels, schools and offices will be built on a 340-acre site in what Boeri calls the first attempt to create an “urban environment that is really trying t

14、o find a balance with nature”. Its 100 species of plant life are expected to absorb almost 10,000 tons of carbon dioxide and 57 tons of pollutants per year, while at the same time producing 900 tons of life-giving oxygen.Although the architects havent published the cost of the forest city, the Milan

15、 towers cost only five percent more than traditional skyscrapers.The construction of his forest city at Liuzhou is set to begin in 2020, and there is still a great deal of planning and research required before a projected completion date can be set. However, Boeri remains optimistic about the projec

16、t and has confidence in the soundness of his vision: “I really think that bringing forests into the city is a way to deal with global warming.”1、Whats Liuzhous attitude towards the sustainable development?AApproving.BCautious.CUnfavorable.DDoubtful.2、Why is Stefano employed for the Liu Zhou project?

17、AHe volunteered to do the project.BHe is a famous architect in the world.CHe is the father of the forest recovery.DHe has gained experience in similar projects.3、What does the underlined word “they” refer to?AThe architects.BThe two towers.CForests in the city.DThe residents of the city.4、Whats the

18、purpose of Liu Zhou project?ATo provide more jobs.BTo bring forest into city.CTo solve house shortage.DTo improve the environment.22（8分）The hit movie Finding Nemo follows a clownfish from the Great Barrier Reef. In real life, clownfish are among the thousands of colorful sea creatures that call the

19、Great Barrier Reef home. Stretching 1, 250 miles along Australias northeastern coast, the Great Barrier Reef is the longest coral reef in the world.A coral reef is a living underwater structure. But these days, the Great Barrier Reef has found itself in trouble. Overfishing, pollution, and high temp

20、eratures are harming its health. Thats why the government in Australia is trying to help rescue the reef.Underwater GardenWhile coral may look like a plant, it is actually made up of tiny sea animal. Those sea animals are called coral polyps.As polyps die, they leave hard shells behind. Other polyps

21、 grow on top of the shells. Over thousands of years, they form a coral reef in warm water that is not very deep.In many ways, the Great Barrier Reef resembles an underwater garden. Coral can be hard or soft. It forms in different colors and in strange shapes. Some coral looks like hardened brains. O

22、ther coral looks like fans and lettuces.The reef bursts with schools of tropical fish, dashing among gaps in the coral. The reef supplies food and shelter to creatures living in and around the coral. Turtles, sharks, sea horses, and crabs are among its many inhabitants.Helping HumansWhile the reef i

23、s important to ocean life, it helps humans, too. People rely on the reef for both food and jobs. It also provides medicine used to treat disease. Each year, the Great Barrier Reef contributes about $ 975 million to the economy through tourism and fishing.Stressed OutIs it surprising, then, that the

24、Great Barrier Reef is under too much stress? Fishing nets and ships break off sections and damage the reef. Air and water pollution are also doing harm. At the same time, warmer sea temperatures have caused coral bleaching（漂白）on half of the reef. The high temperatures cause the coral to turn white,

25、often killing it.Reef RescueIn an effort to help save the reef, the government has limited fishing to two thirds of it. That plan increases the number of “green zones.” Those are areas that are off-limits to fishermen and boats. However, tourists and researchers can still visit them. Many fishermen

26、are upset about the plan because they rely on the reef for jobs.The Australian government says that its plan will help keep the reef safe from some threats. “It is very important that we give a reef proper protection for the future,” said one government official. The reef is Australias greatest natu

27、ral treasure.1、Which of the following is not a creature that lives in the Great Barrier Reef?ACoral polyps. BTurtles.CSea horses. DWhales.2、Which section describes the problem in this passage?A“Underwater Garden” B“Helping Humans”C“Stressed Out” D“Reef Rescue”3、What picture can the reader get from t

28、he underlined sentence in Paragraph 6?AMany fish quickly moving through the coral.BFish moving toward the center, or target, of the coral.CStructured, orderly groups of young fish without a clear path.DFish exploding when they come into contact with gaps in the coral.23（8分） Heres an idea whose time

29、has come: A flu shot that doesnt require an actual shot.For the first time, researchers have tested a flu vaccine patch (疫苗貼) in a human clinical trial and found that it delivered as much protection as a traditional injection with a needle. Doctors and public health experts have high hopes that it w

30、ill increase the number of people who get immunized (免疫的) against the flu.Seasonal flu is responsible for up to half a million deaths around the world each year according to the World Health Organization. A team led by Georgia Tech engineer Mark Prausnitz has come up with another method that uses “m

31、icroneedles”. These tiny needles are so small that 100 of them, arranged in order on a patch, can fit under your thumb.Yet theyre big enough to hold vaccine for three types of flu.None of the study volunteers had serious side effects. The groups that got patches had mild skin reactions that were not

32、 seen in the regular needle group, while the volunteers in the regular needle group were more likely to experience pain. Overall, 70 percent of the volunteers who got vaccine patches said theyd rather use them again than get a traditional flu shot. The study authors declared it a success on all fron

33、ts.The biggest beneficiaries could be people in low- and middle-income countries, where flu vaccines are hard to come by. Reducing pain is nice, but other benefitsthe patch costs less，is easier to transport, doesnt require refrigeration, can be self-administered and doesnt cause waste of needles-are

34、 even better.“Microneedle Patches have the potential to become ideal candidates for vaccination programs,” wrote Katja Hoschler and Maria Zambon of Public Health England.1、What is the passage mainly about?AA vaccine patch that cures people of their flu.BA clinical study that protects people from dis

35、ease.CA patch that makes flu shots a thing of the past.DA method that makes traditional flu shots painless.2、What do we know about the vaccine patch?AIt is produced by the WHO.BIt causes slight side effects.CIt delivers vaccine to the little finger.DIt works badly on 30% of the volunteers.3、The new

36、patch has all the following benefits except that _.Ait is provided free of chargeBit can be used without a doctorCit can he kept at room temperatureDit needs less care in transportation4、What is Kaija and Marias attitude towards the new shot?ACautious.BFavorable.CAmbiguous.DDisapproving.24（8分） Durin

37、g the period from 1660 through 1800, Great Britain became the worlds leader. Language itself became submitted to rules during this period. This need to fix the English language is best illustrated (描述) in the making of The Dictionary of the English Language by Samuel Johnson. Guides to the English l

38、anguage had been in existence before Johnson began his project in 1746. These, however, were often little more than lists of hard words. When definitions of common words were supplied, they were often unhelpful. For example, a “horse” was defined in an early dictionary as “a beast well known”.Johnso

39、n changed all that, but the task was not an easy one. Renting a house at 17 Gough Square, Johnson began working in the worst of conditions. Supported only by his publisher, Johnson worked on the Dictionary with five assistants. Compared to the French Academys dictionary, which took forty workers fif

40、ty-five years to complete (1639-1694), Johnsons dictionary was completed by very few people very quickly.Balanced on a chair with only three legs, Johnson sat against a wall in a room filled with books. Johnson would read widely from these books, mark passages illustrating the use of a particular wo

41、rd, and give the books to his assistants so that they could copy the passages on slips of paper. These slips were then stuck to eighty large notebooks under the key words that Johnson had selected. Fixing the word by this method, Johnson could record a word，s usage and its definition.How many passag

42、es were used? According to Johnsons modern biographer Walter Jackson Bate, the original total number could have been over 240,000. How many words were defined by the lexicographer? Over 40,000 words appeared in two large books in April of 1755. Did Johnson fully understand the huge task he was under

43、taking when he began? As he told his contemporary biographer James Boswell, “I knew very well what I was undertaking and very well how to do it and have done it very well.”1、What is the problem of early English dictionaries?AThey only offer simple pictures.BThey list just a few foreign words.CThey s

44、imply give some translations.DThey add no more than some big words.2、What does the underlined word “l(fā)exicographer” in paragraph 4 refer to?AA publisher.BA biographer.CA maker of dictionaries.DAn assistant.3、What can we infer about Samuel Johnson from the text?AHe standardized English.BHe cared about

45、 authority a lot.CHe gained much financial support.DHe complained of working conditions.4、What is the purpose of this passage?ATo discuss the problems of dictionaries.BTo encourage people to work on a project.CTo persuade people to buy the new dictionary.DTo introduce how Johnson complete his dictio

46、nary.25（10分） I was sure that I was to be killed. I became terribly nervous. I fumbled(摸索) in my pockets to see if there were any cigarettes, which had escaped their search. I found one and because of my shaking hands, I could barely get it to my lips. But I had no matches; they had taken those. I lo

47、oked through the bars at the guard. He did not make eye contact with me. I called out to him “Have you got a light？” He looked at me, shrugged and came over to light my cigarette. As he came close and lit the match, his eyes unconsciously locked with mine. At that moment, I smiled. I dont know why I

48、 did that. Perhaps it was nervousness; perhaps it was because, when you get very close, one to another, it is very hard not to smile. In any case, I smiled. In that instant, it was as though a spark jumped across the gap between our two hearts, our two human souls. I know he didnt want to, but my sm

49、ile leaped through the bars and caused a smile on his lips, too. He lit my cigarette but stayed near, looking at me directly in the eyes and continuing to smile.I kept smiling at him, now thinking of him as a person and not just a guard. “Do you have kids？” he asked. “Yes, here, here.” I took out my

50、 wallet and nervously fumbled for the pictures of my family. He, too, took out the pictures of his family and began to talk about his plans and hopes for them. My eyes were filled with tears. I said that I feared that Id never see my family again, never have the chance to see them grow up. Tears cam

51、e to his eyes, too. Suddenly, without another word, he unlocked my cell and silently led me out. Out of the prison, quietly and by back routes, out of the town. There, at the edge of town, he released me. And without another word, he turned back toward the town.1、What had happened to the man before?

52、AHe had been badly treated.BHe had killed someone.CHe had been searched.DHe had been forbidden to get in touch with anyone.2、Why did the man want to smoke cigarettes?ABecause he was sure he was to be killed.BBecause he wanted to ease his nervousness.CBecause he wanted to talk to the guard.DBecause h

53、e was used to smoking cigarettes.3、Which of the following is true according to the passage?AThe man was a heavy smoker.BThe man smiled to please the guard.CThe guard set the man free with permission.DThe man hadnt thought the guard would set him free.4、What do you think finally saved the mans life?A

54、The smile.BThe cigarette.CThe tears.DThe wallet.第三部分 語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)26（30分）I was at the post office early that morning, hoping to be in and out in a short while. Yet, I 1 myself standing in a queue that went all the way into the hallway. I had

55、 never seen so many people there on a weekday. It seemed someone might have made an announcement, 2 customers to carry as many packages as they could. I also needed to have my own package 3 The queue moved very slowly. My patience 4 and I got annoyed. The longer it took, the angrier I became. When I

56、 got to the counter finally, I finished my 5 quickly and briefly, and then walked past the queue that was now extending past the front door.“Excuse me,” I said, trying not to be too pushy. Several people had to move 6 to make room for me to get to the 7 .I stepped out, 8 about the service conditions

57、. Thinking I was going to be late for my dentist appointment, I 9 into the parking lot.A woman was coming across the lot in my 10 She was walking with determination, and each step sounded very 11 I noticed that she looked as if she could breathe fire. It stopped me in my tracks. Had I looked like th

58、at? Her body language said that she was having a 12 day. My anger melted away. I wished I could wrap her in a 13 but I was a stranger. So I did what I could in a minute 14 she hurried past meI smiled. In a second everything changed. She was astonished, then somewhat 15 Then her face softened and her

59、 shoulders 16 I saw her take a deep breath. Her pace slowed and she smiled back at me as we passed each other.I continued to smile all the way to my car. Wow, its amazing 17 a simple smile can do.From then on, I became aware of peoples 18 and my own, the way we show our feelings. Now I use that 19 e

60、very day to let it 20 me that when facing the world, I can try a smile.1、AfoundBdislikedCkeptDavoided2、AhopingBwelcomingCrequiringDordering3、ApaidBreceivedCweighedDbought4、Adied outBfaded outCburst outDran out5、AbusinessBdutyCturnDpart6、AonBaboutCinDaside7、AcounterBofficeCexitDcar8、AtalkingBcomplain