寧夏銀川市興慶區(qū)一中2022-2023學年高三第四次模擬考試英語試卷含解析

1、2022-2023學年高考英語模擬試卷請考生注意：1請用2B鉛筆將選擇題答案涂填在答題紙相應位置上，請用05毫米及以上黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將主觀題的答案寫在答題紙相應的答題區(qū)內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙上均無效。2答題前，認真閱讀答題紙上的注意事項，按規(guī)定答題。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1Look over there! There is a long, winding path _ up to the house.AleadBleadingCledDto lead2Its certainly hard work.But, a man who wishes to have

2、 a career has to make a great many sacrifices.Aon the contraryBin additionCon the other handDin that case3If the new security system _ into effect, such accidents would never have happened.Awould be putBwere putCshould be putDhad been put4Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me? Sure. _ ?AWhat helpBW

3、hat is thisCWhat is itDWhat do you want5Mum, I am worrying about my pet dog while we are away.Boy, you _. Our neighbor has offered to help us.Acant Bwouldnt Cneednt Dmustnt6 Can you do me a favour, Mr. Smith? My car _ start. No problem. You can count on it.Awont BmustntCneednt Dshouldnt7Japan has be

4、en trying to bring its nuclear crisis under _ control, but _ spread of radiation has raised concerns about the safety of the nuclear energy.Aa; theBthe; /C/; theDa; /8Her doctor indicated that even adding a(n) _ amount of daily exercise would dramatically improve her health.Amodest BequalCconsiderab

5、le Dexact9Reporters asked him to _hisposition on welfare reform.Aclarify Bdivide Cinstruct10_much pressure the U.S. government put on the Chinese government, China would stickto its own policy of exchange rate.AHoweverBWhereverCWhateverDWhoever11Are you satisfied with his school report?Not at all. I

6、t couldnt have been _.Aworse Bso badCbetter Dthe worst12Only when _hard _ make your dream come true.Ado you work; you canByou work; you canCdo you work; can youDyou work; can you13My room gets very cold at night. _.ASo is mineBSo mine isCSo does mineDSo mine does14We firmly believe that _ the new ex

7、amination system comes into existence, completely new situations will arise.Aconsidering Bsupposed Cproviding Dgiven15Like all parents in the world，we want you to grow up in a world _ is full of love and kindness.AwhereBthatCwhenDwhat16Some experts fear that too-early _ to computers will have harmfu

8、l consequences for childrens development.AexposureBextensionCexhibitionDexpansion17_, the dancers practise hard to make their dreams come true. AInstead of being disabled BBeing disabled CDisabled as they are DIn case of being disabled18Oh, my God! Whats wrong with you?I was going the normal speed l

9、imit when a truck appeared in front of me _ and I didnt have time to stop.Abetween the linesBaround the clockCout of the blueDover the moon19The waitress at the restaurant was usually very considerate, but on this occasion she seemed to _ the diners.AignoreBidentifyCapplaudDsatisfy20So far, more tha

10、n 1300 hotels in Europe, Africa, Middle East region have committed to _ in the event, with many more _ to join the effort.Aparticipating; expectingBparticipate; to expectCparticipating; expectedDparticipate; to be expected第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21（6分） Why do we laugh and ge

11、t amusement from so many different things, from puns (雙關(guān)語) to pratfalls? Why are some things funny to some people and not to others? How is that while a successful joke can cause pleasure, a sick one can cause serious harm?Over the centuries, various scholars have attempted to produce a universally

12、agreed-upon theory of humor. Plato and Aristotle introduced the superiority(優(yōu)越感) theory, the idea that people laugh at the misfortune of others. Their theory seems to explain teasing, but it doesnt work well for knock-knock jokes. Sigmund Freud argued for his relief theory, the concept that humor is

13、 a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires. His theory works well for dirty jokes, less well for most puns.The majority of humor expels today agree with the incongruity theory, the idea that humor arises when theres a gap between what people expect to

14、 happen and what actually happens. Incongruity has a lot going for it jokes with unexpected funny lines, for example, fit well. But scientists have found that in comedy, unexpectedness is overvalued.With the goal of developing a new, more satisfactory explanation, I produced “the gentle violation(違背

15、) theory”, the idea that humor arises when something seems wrong or threatening, but is actually OK or safe. A dirty joke, for example, trades on moral or social violations, but its only going to get a laugh if the person listening is open enough to consider the subject OK to talk about. Similarly,

16、puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense.And while most humor theories have struggled to account for tickling (撓癢癢), or just avoided the phenomenon altogether, my theory accounts for even this kind of laughter. Tickling involves violating someones physical space in

17、 a gentle way. People cant tickle themselves because it isnt a violation.1、What is the authors attitude towards Plato and Aristotles theory?ACritical.BApproving.CUncaringDUnclear.2、According to Sigmund Freuds theory, we can infer that _.Apeople will laugh when they see others sufferBtelling dirty jo

18、kes is a relief of ones nervous feelingsCunexpectedness can explain how humor worksDtickling doesnt involve psychological tension3、According to the author, why are some things funny to some people but not to others?ABecause the sense of humor varies greatly from person to person.BBecause people have

19、 different expectations for the same thing.CBecause some people lack the sense of safety deep in their heart.DBecause peoples understanding of violation is different.4、What is the authors main purpose of writing this passage?ATo draw peoples attention to the research of humor.BTo criticize peoples m

20、isconceptions about humor.CTo explain what exactly causes people to laugh.DTo prove the sense of humor can be developed.22（8分）Every day, Americans throw away 500 million plastic straws, enough to circle the Earth twice. They are almost never recycled, and simply contribute to the great problem of pl

21、astic pollution; eight million tons of plastic is dumped into the oceans every year.Plastic straws are now the target of a growing movement to reduce their use. Possibly the first of such campaigns, Be Straw Free was started in 2011 by Milo Cress, who was only nine years old at the lime.“I noticed t

22、hat whenever I ordered a drink at a restaurant, it would usually come with a straw in it, and I don I usually need a straw,” he said. “This seemed like a huge waste. Straws are made of oil, a precious and finite resource. Is making single - use plastic straws, which will be used for a matter of minu

23、tes before being tossed away, really what we want to do with this resource?”Cress started asking restaurants in Burlington, Vermont, where he lived at the time, to stop providing straws automatically to customer and make them optional instead. Many agreed and his request made ripples (漣漪) nationwide

24、. The restaurants that make the switch report a reduction in the number of straws they use between 50 and 80%.The anti - straw sentiment has crossed borders into the UK, where straws have been included in a government plan to ban ail plastic waste by 2042.Last year large pub chain Wetherspoons annou

25、nced that it would replace plastic straws with paper alternatives across 900 outlets. After the announcement, many smaller chains and pubs across the country followed suit. According to Wetherspoons CEO John Hutson, the move will save 70 million plastic straws a year and the reaction from patrons ha

26、s been “very positive”.Offering alternatives or making plastic straws optional, rather than banning them completely, is a common trait among these campaigns. “There are many other viable alternatives to single - use plastic drinking straws that are less harmful to the environment, wildlife and human

27、s,” said Jackie Nunez, founder of The Last Plastic Straw.1、What can we learn from Paragraph 1?APlastic straws are too costly to produce.BAll plastic straws are dumped into the sea.CPlastic straws are too small to be recycled.DPlastic straws cause great pollution.2、What did Milo Cress ask his local r

28、estaurants to do?ATo make plastic straws optional.BTo stop the use of plastic straws.CTo charge the use of plastic straws.DTo reject the request for plastic straws.3、What is the Wetherspoons effort to reduce the use of plastic straws?ATo ban the use of plastic straws.BTo close some of its outlets.CT

29、o offer customers alternatives.DTo seek the governments support.4、What is the Wetherspoons customers attitude towards the move?AUncaring. BFavorable.CAmbiguous. DDisapproving.23（8分） Im a student in my third year at Robert Gordon University, but I also work 35 hours a week at Sainsburys to make ends

30、meet.I constantly have to force myself to stay awake, and to be alert, whatever it takes. The work I do at Sainsburys is very physical like stacking(fi3 ik)shelves. I am lucky because the amount I lift at work is nothing compared with the weight I lift in the gym. I know I have the strength to bear

31、it.I am originally from Nigeria. I came here when I was seven. Money was always tight. My parents gave me everything I needed, but there was no money for luxuries. I worked hard at school though and, with the help of professors, I got the best A-level grades in my class.Unfortunately, though I had a

32、pplied for settled British residential status the Home Office waited until I was in sixth form to approve my application. That meant I was not eligible for a student loan. The only way I could afford to go to university was that I got a job that would pay for all my living costs and my parents paid

33、for my tuition fees.I dont have much time to socialize because of my job. Ideally, Id like to have more time to study so I can excel at my course. Yes, I have a lot on my plate, but working hard isnt new for me. Growing up, my parents cultivated in me the importance of working hard for what I want i

34、n life.My dream is to get a job in the NHS. But now, Im just focused on trying to get the best grades I can. Whenever I find life hard, I tell myself this is about my future.1、Why does the author work long hours and sometimes overtime every week?ATo pay for his own living expenses BTo pay for his tu

35、ition feesCTo prove his ability to earn money DTo help his parents pay off the debts2、What does the underlined word eligible in Paragraph 4 refer to?AResponsible BAnxiousCQualified DAccessible3、Which of the following can NOT be used to describe the author?APersistent BDiligentCSociable DAmbitious4、W

36、hich proverb can best summarize the passage?AActions speak louder than words BGod help those who help the themselvesCA penny saved is a penny earned DWhere there is life, there is hope24（8分） It was hard to accept, but the sad day had finally arrived. I still remember the tears welling up in my six-y

37、ear-old sisters eyes as she looked around the empty closet in wonder. The space once filled with her clothes now held only loneliness and sorrow. This little child had come to the realization that her father was gone. He had left us, and there was simply no way to change it.Being the oldest of four

38、girls has never been easy, but with the departure of our father, our world and dreams were broken beyond repair. My mother, the most amazingly warm-hearted person in the world, has worked harder than anyone should simply to mend our broken household. However, long hours at work often prevented her f

39、rom physically being there in our times of need. This is where I have stepped up as the temporary caretaker of my three small sisters.Many students write college essays about their leadership positions in school and the community but I feel that my greatest accomplishment is the role I have played w

40、ithin my own family.Senior year in high school is not simple for anyone, especially when it feels like the entire world is resting on your shoulders, but this is how I have felt for the past two years, I have continually tried to fulfill the dream my mother holds for my future. My mother was not abl

41、e to complete her college education, and so this success is her top significance for her children.A leader is defined as one who has influence on others. I hope that my leadership affects the lives of my sisters and everyone around me. In dedicating myself to my family and school, I have set goals t

42、hat I will do anything to accomplish. I am an extremely determined individual, and my university will help me take the next step in climbing the ladder of success.1、What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 1?AShow a topic for discussion.BProvide some advice for readers.CSummarize the following

43、 paragraphs.DIntroduce some background information.2、What was the authors dream in her senior year in high school?ATo be admitted into a college.BTo look after her sisters well.CTo set an example to her sisters.DTo lead her family out of trouble.3、What is the authors present life like?AHappy and qui

44、et. BHard but hopeful.CBusy but successful. DInspiring and rich.4、What role does the author play in her family?AA winner. BA teacher.CA leader. DA dreamer.25（10分）Since English biologist Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species in 1859, scientists have vastly improved their knowledge of natu

45、ral history. However, a lot of information is still of the speculation, and scientists can still only make educated guesses at certain things.One subject that they guess about is why some 400 million years ago, animals in the sea developed limbs (肢) that allowed them to move onto and live on land.Re

46、cently, an idea that occurred to the US paleontologist (古生物學家) Alfred Romer a century ago became a hot topic once again.Homer thought that tidal (潮汐的) pools might have led to fish gaining limbs. Sea animals would have been forced into these pools by strong tides. Then, they would have been made eith

47、er to adapt to their new environment close to land or die. The fittest among them grew to accomplish the transition (過渡) from sea to land.Romer called these earliest four-footed animals “tetrapods”. Science has always thought that this was a credible theory, but only recently has there been strong e

48、nough evidence to support it.Hannah Byrne is an oceanographer (海洋學家) at Uppsala University in Sweden. She announced at the 2018 Ocean Sciences Meeting in Oregon, US, that by using computer software, her team had managed to link Homers theory to places where fossil deposits (沉積物) of the earliest tetr

49、apods were found.According to the magazine Science, in 2014, Steven Balbus, a scientist at the University of Oxford in the UK, calculated that 400 million years ago, when the move from land to sea was achieved, tides were stronger than they are today. This is because the planet was 10 percent closer

50、 to the moon than it is now.The creatures stranded in the pools would have been under the pressure of “survival of the fittest”, explained Mattias Green, an ocean scientist at the UKs University of Bangor. As he told Science, “After a few days in these pools, you become food or you run out of food.

51、the fish that had large limbs had an advantage because they could flip (翻轉(zhuǎn)) themselves back in the water.”As is often the case, however, there are others who find the theory less convincing. Cambridge Universitys paleontologist Jennifer Clark, speaking to Nature magazine, seemed unconvinced. “Its on

52、ly one of many ideas for the origin of land-based tetrapods, any or all of which may have been a part of the answer,” she said.1、Who first proposed the theory that fish might have gained limbs because of tidal pools?AAlfred Romer. BCharles Darwin.CHannah Byrne. DSteven Balbus.2、Why were tides strong

53、er 400 million years ago than they are today according to Steven Balbus?AThere were larger oceans.BEarth was closer to the moon.CThe moon gave off more energy.DEarth was under greater pressure.3、The underlined word “stranded” in Paragraph 8 probably means “_”.Afound BsettledCabandoned Dtrapped4、What

54、 is the focus of the article?AThe arguments over a scientific theory.BThe proposal of a new scientific theory.CSome new evidence to support a previous theory.DA new discovery that questions a previous theory.第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項26（30分）Yasmeens

55、 MehndiMrs. Cross, Yasmeens social study teacher, announced, “Boys and girls, you have been learning about world customs. Be ready to 1 one of your familys customs tomorrow.”After school, Yasmeen dragged her backpack along, thinking about the days 2 . “Im the only Indian student in my class,” she th

56、ought, “what will everyone think about my familys customs?”At home, Yasmeen was 3 . She opened the kitchen door and saw her mother busily crushing (壓碎) henna (指甲花) leaves.“Ready for the 4 tonight?” Mother smiled.Yasmeen shrugged (聳肩). Normally, shed be excited when her aunts, uncles and cousins came

57、 to 5 the end of the ninth month of the Islamic year. This holy month is observed with prayers and fasting (齋戒) during daylight hours.Later, Yasmeen explored the house, trying to get a (an) 6 for her assignment. She 7 her fathers Koran (古蘭經(jīng)). She quickly turned over the worn pages of her fathers hol

58、y book. “Maybe Ill take this to school,” she thought. But the Koran isnt a 8 .“Maybe Ill wear my salwar (沙麗) to school. Wrong! Everybody might 9 me. Tears filled Yasmeens eyes as she tried to figure out 10 to share.Yasmeen walked into the 11 again and watched Mother mix henna powder into a smooth pa

59、ste (膏), to be used at the party.That night all the girls 12 their glittering dresses gathered around the sofa to have their hands 13 with Mehndi (henna paste).It was Yasmeens 14 . Mother drew tiny flower patterns on her hands. Seconds later, “Thats it,” Yasmeen shouted out, “Mehndi!”“On special Mus

60、lim holidays,” Yasmeen 15 the next day at school, “its an Indian 16 to paint women s hands with Mehndi designs.” Yasmeen 17 displayed the design on her hands. She also held up a bowl of crushed henna leaves for the class to see and then described how her mother prepared henna paste.“ 18 you paint me