北京市一七一中學2022-2023學年高三下學期第一次聯(lián)考英語試卷含解析

1、2022-2023學年高考英語模擬試卷考生須知：1全卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，全部在答題紙上作答。選擇題必須用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題的答案必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆寫在“答題紙”相應位置上。2請用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆在“答題紙”上先填寫姓名和準考證號。3保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1The aim of the government is to make every citizen better off,_, to help them live a happy lifeAas a resultBf

2、or a startCfor one thingDin other words2Ive got something weighing on my mind. Could you give me some advice?_. Tell me all about it and Ill do what I can.ADont mention itBNo wonderCMy pleasureDNo problem3When you are absorbed in a book or simply trying to rest, it seems that the phone _ continuousl

3、y, destroying your momentary peace.AringsBhas been ringingCrangDis ringing4Meizhou Island is such a beautiful place of interest_ everyone likes to visit.AasBthatCwhichDwhere5Thanks to the special chemical _ of the soil in the mountainous area, this economic plant grows well there.Acomposition Bcompe

4、tenceCconstruction Dconclusion6Everybody was touched _ words after they heard her moving story.AwithoutBbeyondCagainstDdespite7Your letter will get attention! They know youre expecting the answer.AcarefulBcommonCinstantDgeneral8I _ for Shanghai this Saturday, so I want to know when the earliest plan

5、e _.Aleave; takes off Bam leaving; takes offCleave; is taking off Dam leaving; is taking off9Ted couldnt remember the exact date of the storm, but he knew it was Sunday because everybody was at church.A/, theBa, /C/, aDthe, /10The teacher came into the classroom _ by his students.AfollowingBto be fo

6、llowingCfollowedDhaving followed.11_ they choose Chinese company is that China has the most advanced technology of high speed railway in the world.AWhenBThatCWhereDWhy12What does Nickys job involve as a public relations director?_ quite a lot of time with other people.ASpending BHaving spentCTo spen

7、d DTo have spent13 on one foot with your eyes closeDand you will soon lose your balance.AStanding BStoodCTo stand DStand14My summer camp isnt good fun, but it is real learning experience for me.Aa; /Bthe; aC/; aDa; the15 How would you like your tea? _.AVeryquickly BAsitcomes,please CVerymuch DIdontl

8、iketea16_she is not so healthy _she used to be? AWhy is it that; what BWhy it is that; that CWhy is it that; as DWhy it is that; who17This book is said to be the special one, which _ many events that cannot be found in other history books.AcoversBwritesCprintsDreads18She got her first science fictio

9、n published. It turned out to be_.When was that?It was in 2009 _ she was still in college.Asuccess; thatBa success; whenCsuccess; whenDa success; that19Not until the bus disappeared in the distance _ her school bag was gone.ATina had foundBhad Tina foundCdid Tina findDTina found20By the time we _ fr

10、om our school, we have been close friends for more than ten years.AgraduatedBwill graduateCare graduatingDgraduate第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21（6分） Stuttering(口吃) is a communication disorder(疾病) generally characterized by unconscious repetitions or pauses in the flow of speech.

11、 These repetitions and pauses can bake many forms, such as repetitions of parts of words (“l(fā)i-li-like this”). Sometimes, there are moments when a sound or a period of silence is lengthened (“l(fā)lllike this” or “l(fā)-ike this”).Stuttering can be classified into a number or communication disorders: neuroge

12、nic(神經(jīng)性的) stuttering and psychogenic stuttering are associated with sudden onset (發(fā)作) and, as their names imply, with a specific known causeeither a problem in the makeup of the brain or a great psychological challenge. These disorders are comparatively rare and differ in terms of causes, symptoms a

13、nd treatment from developmental stuttering. Developmental stuttering typically starts between the ages of two and a half and four. The onset of the disorder, which can be gradual or relatively sudden, generally occurs during the period of rapid development in a childs language skills, motor skills,

14、character, and social interaction.The cause of developmental stuttering are not well understood and various theories have been offered throughout the history of speech-language pathology (the study of the causes and effects of illnesses). The roots of stuttering have been believed to relate to a num

15、ber of causes: emotional problems, neurological problems, improper reactions from caregivers and family members, language planning, and speech motor difficulties among others. These theories have shown the promise of explaining some characteristics of stuttering but no single theory has thoroughly d

16、escribed the experiences of people who stutter.Young children who have stuttered for only a short time have a high rate of natural recovery, though it is impossible to determine which children are most likely to recover and which are likely to continue stuttering. Most experts recommend early evalua

17、tion and treatment aimed at preventing the development of a chronic(慢性的) communication disorder.Speech-language pathologists disagree about which approach is best for older children and adults. Treatment options include training to change speech patterns, turning to doctors to minimize negative reac

18、tions, drugs, and electronic tools that improve fluency. Self-help and support groups also play an important role in recovery for many people who stutter. Many people who have taken stuttering treatment programs are able to make positive changes in their speech skills and communication abilities so

19、they can communicate freely.1、If a small child begins to stutter, his or her parents should _.Agive their family more timeBconsult a doctor immediatelyCwait for the child to recover naturallyDencourage the child to speak fluently2、What can we say about the approaches to treatment of stuttering?AThey

20、 prove to be useless for children.BThey are at the experimental stage.CThey produce positive effects.DThey work against each other.3、The main purpose of the text is to _.Adescribe recent research on stutteringBshow us the classification of stutteringCexplain the different forms of stutteringDoffer s

21、ome basic knowledge of stuttering22（8分）I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (貼標簽) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would p

22、ush my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yel

23、ling. She yelled back louder.The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled under her covers,

24、sobbing. Obviously, that was something she should not go through phone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didnt

25、notice Kate had sat up. She was watching, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.”Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didnt always agree, but we learned the key to l

26、iving together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.1、What made Kate angry one evening?AShe couldnt find her books.BShe heard the author shouting loud.CShe got the news that her grandma was ill.DShe saw the authors shoes beneath her bed.2、The author tidied up the room most probably because _.Ashe

27、hated herself for being so messyBshe was asked by Kate to do soCshe was scared by Kates angerDshe wanted to show her care3、How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed?ABy analyzing causes.BBy describing a process.CBy showing differences.DBy following time order.4、What might be the best title for the story?A

28、My Friend KateBHard Work Pays OffCHow to Be OrganizedDLearning to Be Roommates23（8分）Sleep repairs the body and the mind and helps prevent disease by strengthening the immune system. However, many adults do not get eight hours of sleep each night. The average adult today gets only 6.4 hours of sleep.

29、 Only in recent years have health professionals begun to realize the seriousness of sleep deprivation in the working population. A significant number of people work at night, work long hours, or suffer from sleeplessness or jet lag.Studies show that the brain is negatively affected by sleep deprivat

30、ion because certain patterns of electrical and chemical activity that occur during sleep are interrupted and the brain cannot function normally. In one study, thirteen healthy adult subjects(實驗對象) who usually had normal sleep patterns were kept awake and carefully monitored in a lab during a period

31、of 35 hours. During the experiment, the subjects were asked to perform several tasks, such as mathematics and word problems, while undergoing scans of their brain activity. The researchers found that the temporal lobe (顳葉) of the brain, the region involved in language processing, was active during s

32、peech tasks in rested subjects but not in subjects who lacked enough sleep. After several hours without sleep, there was no activity within this region.Several studies show that getting fewer than six hours of sleep can damage short-term memory and reaction timethus causing a serious risk of acciden

33、t. In one study of drivers, researchers reported that sleep deprivation had the same effects as being drunk. They found that people who drove after being awake for 17 hours performed worse than those with a blood alcohol level of 0.5 percent, the legal limit for drunk driving in most western Europea

34、n countries. The researchers concluded that countries with drunk driving laws should consider similar restrictions against sleep-deprived driving.1、The underlined word deprivation in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_.AweaknessBlossCdiscomfortDpain2、The passage mentions all of the followi

35、ng as causes of sleep deprivation EXCEPT_.Ajet lagBlong work hoursCboring workDworking at night3、The purpose of the study described in Paragraph 2 was to determine_.Ahow many hours people can survive without sleepBhow people react when their sleep is interruptedCthe changes in brain activity that oc

36、curs during sleepDthe effects of sleep deprivation on brain activity4、Why does the author mention blood alcohol level in Paragraph 3?ATo show how sleep deprivation reduces the blood alcohol level.BTo show that sleep deprivation has the same dangerous effects as being drunk.CTo suggest that sleep-dep

37、rived drivers are also likely to drink.DTo argue against raising the legal limit for drunk driving.24（8分）Neil Jordan,a conservation biologist,has come up with a novel method for protecting cattle from African lions: paint eyes on their behinds.The lions will think their intended prey（獵物）has seen the

38、m and will give up,since theyve lost the element of surprise.This psychological trickery has been called iCow,which is actually not as strange as it sounds.The eye-like patterns on butterfly wings are known to prevent preying birds and woodcutters in Indian forests wear masks on the backs of their h

39、eads when working to discourage hungry tigers.The inspiration for the iCow strategy came while Jordan was based in a village in Botswana,when two lionesses were killed by local farmers to revenge their cattles death.The African lion is a vulnerable species,with numbers dropping from over 100,000 in

40、the 1990s to about 30,000 today.Much of that decline is due to these kinds of revengeful killings because farmers have no effective strategies for protecting their herds.Lions are hunters that like to attack by surprise.They move slowly,quietly,and carefully to their prey,get close,and jump on them

41、unseen,he said.When Jordan was watching a lion follow an antelope one day,he noticed the lion gave up the hunt once the antelope spotted it.So he joined one of the local farmers on a 10-week trial study,painting eyes on one-third of a herd of 62 cattle. When the cattle returned each night,they took

42、a head count to see how many had survived.Only three cows were killed by lions during this period-all without the painted eyes on their behinds.And all the painted cows survived. However,Jordan warned that so far this is just a promising idea.He is now back in Botswana for a more ambitious study,equ

43、ipped with GPS devices to better monitor the movement of predators（捕食者）and prey.1、The iCow strategy is designed to .Akill the lions Bscare off PredatorsCidentify cattle Dhave fun2、When hunting,lions like to .Agive up halfway Bhesitate to take actionCchase their prey steadily Dlaunch surprising attac

44、ks3、What does the underlined word vulnerable mean in the third paragraph?Abadly behaved Blikely to attackCeasily cheated Deasily damaged4、What can be inferred from the passage?ANeil Jordan got the inspiration from the patterns on butterfly wings.BIn the 10-week trial study,more cattle were killed.CT

45、he iCow strategy is likely to bring great benefit.DThe farmers will continue to take their revenge on the lions.25（10分）New York Walking TourStatue of Liberty and Ellis Island Walking TourStart this exciting guided 4-hour tour by getting early Reserve Line Access boarding on the ferry to Liberty Isla

46、nd.Once there，go inside the base of the statue and head to the observation decks for an awesome view of New York City and its surroundings.Then come back on the ferry to Ellis Island to learn about the history of immigration(移民)to America that took place here between 1892 and 1954.Central Park Walki

47、ng TourWalk through Central Parks most picturesque highlights on a 2-hour tour with a professional photographer.Remember your New York City adventure with unforgettable images of you with family or friends as you circle the towers at Belvedere Castle，walk through paths with flowers in the Conservato

48、ry Garden，or feed the swans by the Loeb Boathouse.New York City Architecture Walking TourLearn about the history of the buildings that define the New York City skyline on a 3-hour walking architecture tour.Walk down the famous 42nd Street corridor with a longtime New York resident(居民)and architectur

49、al expert，stopping along the way to learn about Midtown Manhattans most iconic structures like the Chrysler Building，F(xiàn)ord Foundation，Grand Central Station and the New York Public Library.Greenwich Village Walking TourGreenwich Village is one of New York Citys most beautiful and famous neighborhoods.

50、Take a guided 2-hour walking tour of this legendary Lower Manhattan space.Hear about the famous artists who once lived here，from Edgar Allan Poe to Bob Dylan，Jimi Hendrix and countless others.Walk the winding streets and visit popular Washington Square Park，reliving more than 200 years of history.1、

51、Why do tourists visit Ellis Island?ATo know about American immigration history.BTo explore the surroundings of the island.CTo get a whole view of New York City.DTo observe Statue of Liberty closely.2、Who will go with tourists on Central Park Walking Tour?AAn experienced guide.BAn architectural exper

52、t.CA professional photographer.DA longtime New York resident.3、Which tour takes the longest time?ACentral Park Walking Tour.BGreenwich Village Walking Tour.CNew York City Architecture Walking Tour.DStatue of Liberty and Ellis Island Walking Tour.4、What can tourists do on Greenwich Village Walking To

53、ur?ATake unforgettable pictures.BCome across Bob Dylan.CVisit New York Public Library.DLearn about famous artists.第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項26（30分）As darkness fell, hundreds of people in the Swiss village left their houses. They were staring 36 at t

54、he mountain top in the distance. It was covered with 37 , beautiful and dangerous.The huge mountain is called Matterhorn. Mountain climbers had 38 the top, using the southern route. But no one had ever dared to try a winter climbing up the 39 side. But now one man was daring to try the 40 route. He

55、was Walter Bonatti, a great mountain climber from Italy.For two days he had climbed. The village people had watched him 41 . Now they were waiting to see his 42 . If he planned to 43 the next day, he would light a green signal. A red light would mean that he was 44 .Atiny green light 45 high on the

56、mountain side. Bonatti was not giving up! The people 46 .The next day he 47 his way upward. He was so lonely and so tired! But he would not give up. Again that night he lit the 48 light.In the morning, Bonatti looked up. He could not see the top, but he knew he was 49 there. 50 the climb was painful

57、, he moved up.Bonatti had spent months 51 for the climb. Was the training enough? Did he have the strength and 52 to climb to the top?He was finally at the top! News about his 53 was radioed to the world.The trip down the southern 54 was easy. He was warmly welcomed in the village. He had done the 5

58、5 , and would be well remembered as a climber of all time.1、. AupBdownCbackDforward2、. Agreen treesBflowersCrocksDice and snow3、. ApassedBreachedCclimbedDwatched4、. AeasternBwesternCnorthernDsouthern 5、.Adifferent Bdifficult Ceasy Dsame6、. AanxiouslyBcarefullyCpatientlyDeagerly 7、. AsignalBflagCface

59、Dfigure8、. Ago downBcome backCgo onDgive up9、. Aturning aroundBturning backCmoving upDin danger10、. AraisedBroseCdisappeared Dappeared11、. AcheeredBshouted ClaughedDjumped 12、. Astopped Babandoned CcontinuedDended13、. AgreenByellowCblueDred14、. Aalready BsurelyCalmostDno longer15、. ABecauseBThoughCS

60、inceDWhen16、. AaskingBplanning CpreparingDtraining 17、. AmoneyBwishCeffort Dskill18、.AvictoryBclimbCcourageDthing19、. ApaceBrouteCpathDpassage20、. AnecessaryBgreatCimportantDimpossible第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。27（15分）A population of the worlds most invasive mosquito species w