人教版高二英語必修五全套講義

1、97/97必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists重點(diǎn)單詞1characteristic n特征；特性2conclude vt. & vi.結(jié)束；推斷出conclusion n結(jié)論；結(jié)束3defeat vt.打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫 n失敗4attend vt.照顧；護(hù)理；出席；參加5expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光exposion n暴露6cure n治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治療7challenge n挑戰(zhàn) vt.向挑戰(zhàn)challenger n挑戰(zhàn)者8absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使專心9suspect vt.懷疑n.被懷疑者；嫌疑犯suspicion n懷疑suspicio

2、us adj.有疑心的10foresee vt.預(yù)見；預(yù)告foretell v預(yù)言forecast v預(yù)報(bào)11blame vt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé) n過失；責(zé)備12pollute vt.污染；弄臟pollution n污染13handle n柄；把手 vt.處理；操縱14link vt. & n連接；聯(lián)系15announce vt.宣布；通告announcement n通知；宣告16instruct vt.命令；指示；教導(dǎo)instruction n教授；傳授instructions n指示，說明17construct vt.建設(shè)；修建construction n建設(shè)；建筑物18contribute v

3、t. & vi.捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助contribution n貢獻(xiàn)19spin vi. & vt.(使)旋轉(zhuǎn)；紡(線或紗)20reject vt.拒絕；不接受；拋棄rejection n拒絕；拋棄重點(diǎn)短語1put forward 提出2draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論3expose.to 使顯露；暴露4link.to. 將和聯(lián)系或連接起來5apart from 除之外；此外6make sense 講得通；有意義7look into 調(diào)查；研究8at times 有時(shí)9be against 反對10(be) strict with 對嚴(yán)格的11be to blame 應(yīng)受責(zé)備12wit

4、h certainty 肯定地重點(diǎn)句型1So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.因次每一次暴發(fā)(霍亂)都會(huì)有成千上萬恐慌的人死去。2Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有當(dāng)你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說得清楚。3He placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar syst

5、em with the planets going round it他把太陽固定在太陽系的中心位置上，而行星圍繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)考 點(diǎn) 探 究 .詞匯短語過關(guān)conclude vt.結(jié)束；斷定，推斷出 (conclusion n結(jié)論，推論）to conclude (做插入語)最后(一句話)in conclusion 最后，總之bring.to a conclusion 使結(jié)束come to the conclusion that 所得結(jié)論是 arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出結(jié)論即學(xué)即練1(1) The meeting _ at nine ocloc

6、k. 會(huì)議9點(diǎn)鐘結(jié)束了。(2) The police _ that he must be the murderer. 警察斷定他一定是殺人兇手。(3) _, wish all of you good health and a long life. 最后祝大家健康長壽。2attend vt.&vi. 出席；參加；照料，護(hù)理attendance n. 出席，到場，參加attend a meeting/a lecture/school 參加會(huì)議/聽報(bào)告/上學(xué)attend on/upon sb. 伺候某人；照顧某人attend to sb/sth 注意，專心于；照料，照顧即學(xué)即練2(1)He didn

7、t _ yesterday.他昨天沒有參加會(huì)議。(2)_your studies. 專心你的學(xué)習(xí)。3. expose vt. 暴露，揭露；使曝光（與to連用）exposure n. 暴露，顯露；揭露，揭發(fā)expose+n. 揭露，揭發(fā)expose sth./sb./oneself (to.)顯露或暴露某事物/某人/自己(給)be exposed to 暴露于即學(xué)即練3(1)My job as a journalist is to _.我作為記者的職責(zé)就是揭露事實(shí)。(2)Dont _ babies _ strong sunlight. 不要讓嬰兒受到強(qiáng)烈陽光的照射。4cure n. 治愈；痊愈v

8、t. 治愈；治療a cure for. 針對的治療cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人（的）即學(xué)即練4(1)The doctor cant _ her _ the cancer.醫(yī)生治不好她的癌癥。(2)This is _ SARS.這是一種新的SARS治療方法。5absorb vt. 吸收，吸進(jìn)(液體、氣體等)；理解，獲取(信息)；吸引住某人的注意力或興趣absorb water/light/heat (take in) 吸收水/光/熱absorb what sb. said 理解某人所說的話absorb ones attention 吸引某人的注意力be absorbed in. 全

9、神貫注于即學(xué)即練5(1)Black cloth _ light.黑色布料吸收光線。(2)Did you _ everything the professor said?教授說的你全部理解了嗎？(3)He _ deep thought.他陷入沉思。6suspect vt.懷疑；不信任 n嫌疑犯；可疑對象suspect sth. 懷疑某事suspect that 懷疑suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 懷疑某人做過某事suspect sb. to be. 懷疑某人是即學(xué)即練6I began to _ (that) they were trying to get rid of m

10、e.我開始懷疑他們試圖擺脫我。(2)They _ him _ murder.他們懷疑他犯有謀殺罪。(3)What made you _ her _ having taken the money？你憑什么懷疑錢是她偷的？(4)The police arrested the _ yesterday.警方昨天逮捕了那個(gè)嫌疑犯。blame n&vt.責(zé)備；責(zé)任vt. 責(zé)備；譴責(zé)blame sb. for sth./doing sth. 因?yàn)槟呈仑?zé)備某人/責(zé)備某人做了某事blame sth. on sb. 把某事歸咎于某人be to blame (for) 應(yīng)(為)承擔(dān)責(zé)任；該(為)受責(zé)備(此處不能用被

11、動(dòng)語態(tài))accept/bear/take the blame for sth. 對某事負(fù)責(zé)任n. 過失；責(zé)備put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 將某事歸咎于某人即學(xué)即練7(1)He _ me _ my carelessness.他責(zé)備我的疏忽大意。(2)Mr Li is not _ the accident.這次事故不能怨李先生。8contribute vt.&vi.作貢獻(xiàn)，捐獻(xiàn)；投(稿)contribution n. 貢獻(xiàn)，捐獻(xiàn)，投稿contributor n. 捐助者；投稿人contribute to sth. 增加，增添；促成某事contribute st

12、h. to/towards 給捐獻(xiàn)/捐贈(zèng)contribute (sth.) to sth. 撰稿；投稿make a contribution to. 為作貢獻(xiàn)即學(xué)即練8(1)We should _ food and clothing _ the relief of the poor.我們應(yīng)該捐贈(zèng)食品和衣物救濟(jì)貧民。(2)Drink _ his ruin.酗酒促使他毀滅。(3)The Song Dynasty _ three great inventions _ world civilization.宋朝為世界文明貢獻(xiàn)出三大發(fā)明。(4)He _ an article _ China Daily.

13、他為中國日報(bào)撰寫了一篇文章。9reject vt.拋開；丟掉；拒絕，抵制 n被拒絕或拋棄的人或物提示：reject與refuse的區(qū)別refuse指拒絕別人的請求、幫助、邀請等，其后可跟不定式。reject不能用于拒絕別人的邀請或幫助，其后不能跟不定式。She refused (to accept) my gift.She rejected my gift.她拒絕接受我的禮物。即學(xué)即練9(1)My cousin tried to join the army but _.我堂兄試圖參軍，但沒有被接受。(2)After the transplant his body _ the new heart

14、.在移植手術(shù)后，他的身體對移植的心臟產(chǎn)生排斥反應(yīng)。(3)I _ the rotten oranges.我把腐爛的橘子扔掉了。10put forward 提出(意見，建議，觀點(diǎn)等）；將提前; 把（時(shí)鐘）往前撥put away/aside 放在一邊；收拾起來；儲存put down 寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓；放下put forth 提出；頒布put off 延期，推遲put on 穿、戴上；(速度、體重) 增加；上演put out 撲滅，熄滅put up 舉起；建造；張貼put up with 忍受，忍耐，容忍即學(xué)即練10She often _ some useful advice.她常常提出一些有用的建議。(2

15、) We have _ the wedding _ one week.我們已將婚禮提前了一周。(3) _ your watch _； youre five minutes slow.把你的表往前撥一下，你慢了5分鐘。11make sense 講得通；有道理；很有意義make sense of sth. 懂；了解的含義make no sense 講不通；無意義in a sense 就某種意義而言；在某種意義上in no sense 決不是；決非There is no sense in doing sth. 做沒必要/道理a sense of humor/safety 幽默感/安全感common

16、sense 常識即學(xué)即練12(1) What he says _.他說的有道理。(2) Can you _ this poem?你能明白這首詩的含義嗎？(3) What you say is true _.你所說的在某種意義上是真實(shí)的。(4) That just _ me.那對我毫無意義。(5)_ does this excuse their actions.這決不能成為他們行為的托辭。(6)_in getting upset about it now.現(xiàn)在為這件事苦惱是沒有意義的。.重點(diǎn)句型詳解1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scienti

17、fic research? 你知道在科學(xué)研究中怎樣證明一個(gè)新的觀點(diǎn)嗎? 句中how to prove a new idea為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)可以在句中作主語、賓語、表語等。 The question is when to leave. We havent decided where to go.2. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. 第二種看法是人們是在吃飯時(shí)把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的. 句中suggest表示“暗示；表明”，故其從句中謂語

18、動(dòng)詞用陳述語氣；若表示“建議；提議”時(shí)，則用suggest(doing)/that (should) do sth.。如： He suggested me not smoking any more. =He suggested me that I (should) not smoke any more. 他建議我以后不要再抽煙了。3. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 因此每次暴發(fā)(霍亂)時(shí)，就有大批驚恐的人死去。這是由名詞詞組 every time 充當(dāng)連詞的時(shí)間狀語從句，

19、意為“每當(dāng)”，相當(dāng)于 when。某些表達(dá)時(shí)間的名詞詞組可直接充當(dāng)連詞，即“名詞連詞化現(xiàn)象”。常見的有：(1) 不定代詞time如：any time, each time.(2) 序數(shù)詞time如：the first/last time.(3) the瞬時(shí)名詞如：the minute/moment/instant(4) the時(shí)間名詞如：the day/night/month/time. He brings her flowers every time he goes to see her.他每次去看她都給她帶花。 The first time he did the experiment, he

20、 succeeded.他第一次做實(shí)驗(yàn)就成功了。 Ill give him your message the minute he arrives.等他一到，我就把你的口信給他。 He bought a computer the day he got his salary.他發(fā)工資那天買了一臺電腦。即境活用1The boys ran off_ they saw the owner of the orchard (果園)Aat timesBthe hourCthe moment Dat once4. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of

21、 the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有當(dāng)你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說得清楚。 only 修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句，放在句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝，即把助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞 be放在主語之前。 Only then did I realize the mistakes I had made. 只有在那時(shí)我才意識到我所犯的錯(cuò)誤。 Only in this way can you make progress. 只有以這種方式你才能取得進(jìn)步。 Only when the war was over in 1949 was he a

22、ble to get back home.只有在1949年戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束時(shí)他才能回家。易 錯(cuò) 點(diǎn) 撥 自我完善誤區(qū)備考1. defeat/beat/win這三個(gè)詞都有“贏”的意思，但其用法不盡相同。(1)defeat和beat是同義詞，其賓語必須是“人或一個(gè)集體”。如a team, a class, a school, an army等。defeat側(cè)重在戰(zhàn)場上打敗敵人，beat常用于游戲或比賽中，但在平時(shí)運(yùn)用中常替換使用。(2)win表示在較強(qiáng)的競爭中取得了勝利，常帶的賓語有：game, war, prize, fame, battle等。win還可作為不與物動(dòng)詞來用。應(yīng)用1用defeat, be

23、at, win填空(1) He _ all his opponents in the election.(2) Peasants _ the drought and reaped a good harvest.(3) After a heart to heart talk, I _ his belief at last.(4) The enemys plot was _ very soon.(5) We wouldnt have _without your help.(6) Mary _ first prize for swimming.2. cure/treat/heal(1) treat指

24、通過藥物、特別的食品或運(yùn)動(dòng)治病，強(qiáng)調(diào)治療過程，treat sb. for sth.醫(yī)治某人??；還可作“對待，看待”講，treat.as把看作/視為。(2) cure意為“治愈，痊愈”，特別指病后的恢復(fù)健康。其后可接表示疾病的名詞或代詞，也可接sb. of再加表示疾病的名詞。另外，還可作“矯正，糾正”解，借喻指消除社會(huì)上某種不良現(xiàn)象或個(gè)人惡習(xí)等。(3) heal意為“治愈”，多用于治愈外傷，如：wound, cut, injury, burn等。應(yīng)用2(1) He _ his students as his own children.他把學(xué)生看作自己的孩子。(2) The doctors are

25、 trying to _ him with a new drug.醫(yī)生們嘗試用一種新藥為他治病。(3) His wound is _ over.他的傷口正在愈合。(4) The medicine will _ you of your cough.這藥能治好你的咳嗽。(5) When I left hospital I was completely _.出院時(shí)我已完全康復(fù)了。3. announce/declare(1) announce宣布；宣告(含有“預(yù)告”的意思)，尤其是大家所關(guān)心的或有新聞價(jià)值的事情的宣布。用announce說個(gè)人要做某事，常常含有“鄭重其事”的意思。(2) declare

26、宣布(如公開聲明戰(zhàn)爭、和平、中立、意見等)，用于正式場合。應(yīng)用3(1) This powerful country _ war on that small country.這個(gè)大國向那個(gè)小國宣戰(zhàn)。(2) It was _ that there would be a celebration on Sunday.據(jù)宣布，星期日要舉行慶祝(活動(dòng))。4. apart from/in addition(to)/as well as/except/except for/except that/besidesapart from 除之外(既可以表示 except或 except for，也可以表示 besi

27、des)in addition 也；另外；此外；還(相當(dāng)于副詞 besides)in addition to 除以外還(相當(dāng)于介詞 besides)as well as 還；既又；也(相當(dāng)于介詞 besides)except (but) 除之外(不包括在內(nèi))except for 除之外(強(qiáng)調(diào)有美中不足)except that (what/when/where) 除了besides 除之外 (包括在內(nèi))；況且；此外應(yīng)用4用上述詞或詞組填空(1) I have read a lot of novels _some short stories.(2) Your composition is very

28、 good _ some spelling mistakes.(3) _， we have a researchoriented program.(4) They all went to sleep _ the little boy. 語 法 精 講 一、過去分詞作定語 語法功能過去分詞或過去分詞短語作定語時(shí)，其功能相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。被修飾的詞是分詞所表示的行為的承受者；在邏輯上，它們是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。ThestolenbikebelongstoJack.(ThebikewhichwasstolenbelongstoJack.)ThelecturegivenbyProfessorZhangisab

29、outenvironmentprotection.(ThelecturewhichwasgivenbyProfessorZhangisabouttheenvironmentprotection.) 單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)，位于它所修飾的名詞或代詞前面。theaffectedpeople受感染的人abrokenheart一顆破碎的心alostdog喪家之犬 abrokenglass被打破的玻璃杯Attention：過去分詞修飾something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody，those等不定代詞時(shí)，要放在這些詞后面。Isthereanyt

30、hingunsolved?ThereisnotingchangedheresinceIleftthistown. 過去分詞短語作定語：通常后置，其作用相當(dāng)于定語從句。peopleexposedtocholera=peoplewhowasexposedtocholerathebookrecommendedbyJack=thebookwhichwasrecommendedbyJackthemachinesproducedlastyear=themachineswhichwereproducedlastyear 不與物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語時(shí)不表被動(dòng)，只表完成。arisensun已升起的太陽thego

31、nedays逝去的時(shí)光 fallenleaves落葉 現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作定語的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；過去分詞作定語，所表示的動(dòng)作在謂語所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，(或者沒有一定的時(shí)間性)。Theletterpostedyesterdaywillsoonreachhim.Haveyoureadthebookrecommendedbyyourteacher?這是你老師推薦的書嗎？對比：thechangingworld（正在變化的） thechangedworld（變化了的）boilingwater（正在沸騰的） boiledwater（已經(jīng)沸騰過的）fadingflowers(正在

32、凋謝的) fadedflowers（已經(jīng)凋謝的）adevelopingcountry(發(fā)展中的) adevelopedcountry（發(fā)達(dá)的）adrowningman快要淹死的人 adrownedman已經(jīng)淹死的人fallingleaves正在飄落的樹葉 fallenleaves落葉aretiredworker退休工人 anescapedprisoner逃犯二、過去分詞做表語過去分詞（短語）作表語并無完成或被動(dòng)之意，其作用相當(dāng)于adj.,說明的是主語的狀態(tài)或思想感情等。He seemed quite delighted at the idea.Helookedworriedafterreadi

33、ngtheletter.常見作表語的過去分詞有：disappointed,drunk,amused,frightened,married,excited,experienced,interested,confused,pleased,puzzled,satisfied,tired,worried,gone,dressed,lost等。注意：過去分詞作表語時(shí)和動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)相似，但兩者表達(dá)的意思明顯不同，前者說明主語的特點(diǎn)與所處的狀態(tài)，而后者強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。Myglassesarebroken.我的眼鏡碎了。(狀態(tài)）Myglasseswerebrokenbymyson.我的眼鏡被我兒子摔碎了

34、。（動(dòng)作）On the earth, 70% of the surface is covered with water.I was greatly surprised by a knock at the door.Unit 2 The United Kingdom要 點(diǎn) 梳 理重點(diǎn)單詞1unite vt. & vi.聯(lián)合；團(tuán)結(jié)united adj.聯(lián)合的；團(tuán)結(jié)的union n聯(lián)合；聯(lián)盟2consist vi.組成；在于；一致consistent adj.一致的3clarify vt.澄清；闡明4accomplish vt.完成；達(dá)到；實(shí)現(xiàn) ( finish, complete)5credit

35、n信任；學(xué)分；贊揚(yáng)；信貸 to ones credit 值得贊揚(yáng)；為帶來榮譽(yù)；在名下6rough adj.粗糙的；粗暴的7convenience n便利；方便convenient adj.方便的8attract vt.吸引；引起注意attraction n吸引力attractive adj.有吸引力的9collection n收藏品；珍藏；收集collect vt.收集10description n描寫；描述describe vt.描述11furnished adj.配備好裝備的；帶家具的furnish vt.用家具布置furniture n家具12possibility n可能性possib

36、le adj.可能的13plus prep.加上；和 adj.加的；正的；零上的14quarrel n爭吵；爭論；吵架 vi.爭吵；吵架15arrange vt.籌備；安排；整理arrangement n安排 arrange (for sb.) to do sth. 安排（某人）做某事 fold vt.折疊；對折unfold vt.(反義詞)17delight n快樂；高興vt.使高興；使快樂delighted adj.高興的；快樂的delightful adj.令人高興的18thrill vt.使激動(dòng)；使膽戰(zhàn)心驚thrilling adj.令人激動(dòng)的thrilled adj.感到興奮、激動(dòng)的

37、 be thrilled at sth.對感到興奮重點(diǎn)短語1consist of由組成2o 把分成3break away (from) 擺脫(束縛)；脫離4to ones credit 為帶來榮譽(yù)；值得贊揚(yáng)；在名下5leave out 省去；遺漏；不考慮6take the place of= take ones place 代替; 取代某人的職務(wù)7break down (機(jī)器)損壞；破壞8make a list of 把列出清單9on special occasions 在特殊場合10. feel/be proud of 對感到驕傲11. refer to 提到，談與；查閱，參考；涉與，指的是

38、重點(diǎn)句型1Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.如今有人提起英格蘭，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)威爾士也是包括在內(nèi)的。2Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have worldfamous football teams and some of them even have two！雖然，全國性的，這些城市不如中國的城市大，但是它們擁有世界著名的足球隊(duì)，有的甚至還擁有兩支足球隊(duì)！3It seemed stra

39、nge that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.這似乎是一件怪事：這位發(fā)展了共產(chǎn)主義的人竟然在倫敦生活過，并且在倫敦去世?？?點(diǎn) 探 究 .詞匯短語過關(guān)consist vi. 組成，一致consistent adj. 協(xié)調(diào)的，一致的consist of 由組成，包括(無進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài))(=be made up of 或be composed of 由組成)consist in 在于，存在于be consistent with. 和一致；相符即學(xué)即練1(1) This club

40、 _ more than 200 members.這個(gè)俱樂部由200多個(gè)會(huì)員組成。(2) The beauty of the plan _ its simplicity.這個(gè)計(jì)劃妙就妙在簡明扼要。(3) What you say _ not _ what you do.你言行不一。2. convenience n. 便利；方便；便利的事物；便利設(shè)施convenient adj. 方便的，便利的for convenience 為了方便起見for the convenience of sb. = for sbs convenience 為了方便某人at ones convenience 在方便時(shí)；

41、在適宜的地點(diǎn)be convenient for sb./sth. 對于是方便的即學(xué)即練2(1) I keep my reference books near my desk _.我把參考書放在書桌旁以便用著方便。(2) Come to my office _.你方便時(shí)來我辦公室一趟。(3) When would it _ you to start work? 你什么時(shí)候始方便開始工作呢？提示convenience 意為“方便；便利”時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞；作“便利的事物；便利設(shè)施”講時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞。convenient 為其形容詞形式，用做表語時(shí)，主語不能是人，常用于 It is convenient

42、 for sb. to do sth.這一句型。3delight vt. 使高興/欣喜 n.U高興，快樂，喜悅；C令人愉快的事to ones delight 令某人高興的是be delighted at sth. 因/對感到高興It is a delight to do sth. 做某事是一件令人愉快的事即學(xué)即練3(1) _, everything goes well.使我們高興的是，一切進(jìn)展順利。(2) Im _ meet you here.在這兒碰到你我真高興。4. o. 把分成be divided into 被分成.divide.in half /into two halves 把分成兩

43、部分divide.by. 用除以即學(xué)即練4(1) The teacher _ the class _ small groups for a discussion. 老師把這班分成幾個(gè)小組進(jìn)行討論。(2) 30 _ 6 is 5.30 除以6等于5。5. break away (from) 掙脫；脫離，與斷絕關(guān)系；打破（陳規(guī)陋習(xí)等）break down (機(jī)器)出故障；(討論、談判、希望、計(jì)劃等)失敗；打破；(化學(xué))分解；身體垮掉break into 闖入；突然起來(后接 tears, laughter等)break out 戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)；(火災(zāi))發(fā)生break off 折斷，打斷；突然停止講話；休

44、息；斷絕；結(jié)束break up 拆開，結(jié)束；解散即學(xué)即練5(1) It was wrong for him to _ all his good friends. 他和他的好朋友決裂是錯(cuò)誤的。(2) The students were encouraged to _ the bad habits. 學(xué)生們被鼓勵(lì)改掉壞習(xí)慣。(3) The elevators in the building are always _. 這幢樓里的電梯總出故障。(4) If Tim carries on working like this, hell _ sooner or later.如果蒂姆繼續(xù)這樣工作，身體遲早

45、會(huì)垮掉。6. leave out 省去；遺漏；不考慮, 忽視leave alone 別管; 不打擾leave aside 擱置leave behind 留在后面；遺忘（沒拿）leave for 動(dòng)身去leave off 停止；中斷l(xiāng)eave sb. doing 讓某人處于某種狀態(tài)或一直做某事即學(xué)即練6In copying this paper, be careful not to _ any word.抄這個(gè)文件時(shí)，注意不要漏掉任何一個(gè)字。 You can _ the details; just give us the main facts.你可以省去細(xì)節(jié)，告訴我們主要的事實(shí)就行了。用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?/p>

46、、副詞或形容詞填空I think we should leave _ now and have a cup of tea.Can you tell me the time? Ive left my watch _.She left _ an important detail in her account.Dont you think well leave _ the concert now?.重點(diǎn)句型詳解1Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have worldfamous fo

47、otball teams and some of them even have two! 雖然，全國性的，這些城市不如中國的城市大，但是它們擁有世界著名的足球隊(duì)，有的城市甚至有兩支！those 在此為代詞，用于表示比較的句型中，代指前面提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞 cities。辨析：one/the one/ones/the ones/that/those/it這幾個(gè)詞都用來指代前面提到的名詞，但是所指內(nèi)容不同。(1) one 代替上文提到的某個(gè)可數(shù)名詞，表示泛指意義，一般指同類事物中的任何一個(gè)；而 the one代替上文提到的某個(gè)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，表示特指。(2) ones 代替上文提到的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表

48、泛指，一般指同類事物中的一些；而 the ones指代上文提到的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示特指。(3) that 用來代替上文提到的名詞，可以是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞，表示特指。如果代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，可以與 the one互換。(4) those是 that的復(fù)數(shù)形式，代替上文提到的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示特指，可與 the ones 互換。(5) it代替前面的同一事物或同一個(gè)人。I want to buy a house, one with a large garden. 我想買一座房子，一座帶有大花園的房子。The little boy doesnt like this ap

49、ple; he wants the red one. 小男孩不喜歡這個(gè)蘋果，他想要那個(gè)紅的。I bought some new chairs. The old ones should be thrown away. 我買了新椅子，那些舊的也該扔了。The bike is cheaper than that made in our factory. 這自行車比我們廠生產(chǎn)的要便宜。(thatthe one)The population of China is larger than that of Japan. 中國的人口比日本的多。(that 不用 the one 代替)The cars mad

50、e here are better than those made in my hometown. 這里生產(chǎn)的小汽車比我家鄉(xiāng)生產(chǎn)的好。Who is the person that shook hands with the foreigners? 那個(gè)和外賓握手的人是誰？ It is our headmaster. 他是我們的校長。即境活用1(1)(2008濟(jì)南模擬)The language used in advertisement differs from _ used in ordinary reading.AWhich BwhatCthat Dit(2)(2007陜西)There is

51、still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow _？No, Id rather buy _ in the bookstore.It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. 這似乎是一件怪事：這位發(fā)展了共產(chǎn)主義的人竟然在倫敦生活過，并且在倫敦去世。 It seems/is strange that.“有點(diǎn)奇怪”，that 從句常用虛擬語氣，謂語動(dòng)詞用“should動(dòng)詞原形

52、”，should 意為“竟然”，表示對過去發(fā)生的事情感到驚訝。拓展：在 “It is natural/important/necessary/a pity/a shamethat 從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞也用“should動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)；should 在這些句型中表示驚訝、氣憤、惋惜等情感。 It was strange that he should have said that! 他竟然說那樣的話，真是奇怪！ Its a pity that he should fail to grasp the chance when it arose. 機(jī)會(huì)出現(xiàn)時(shí)，他竟然沒有抓住，真是遺憾。即境活用

53、2You just think of yourself! You kept me waiting for at least three hours.I am sorry that you _ think so.Awould BcouldCshould DMight 3. It looked splendid when first built! 剛建成的時(shí)候，它看起來真是金碧輝煌! 句中when first built是when it was first built的省略形式。在狀語從句中，若其主語和主句的主語一致,同時(shí)謂語含有系動(dòng)詞be或it is/was結(jié)構(gòu)，則可省去該從句的主語和系動(dòng)詞be

54、，留下其余部分。 Be careful when crossing the street. 過街時(shí)要當(dāng)心。 When first introduced to the market, the goods enjoyed a wonderful success. 當(dāng)首次引入市場時(shí)，這種產(chǎn)品就取得了巨大的成功。There followed St.Pauls Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666. 接著參觀的是圣保羅大教堂，它是公元1666年倫敦大火以后建造的。 當(dāng)there, here, out, in, up, down

55、, away, now, then等表示地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間或方向性的副詞位于句首時(shí)，句子用全部倒裝語序?？捎眠@個(gè)句式的動(dòng)詞有：follow, come, stand, live等。若主語是人稱代詞，則不用倒裝句式。 There stands a temple on the top of the mountain. 山頂上有座廟。 Now comes your turn. 現(xiàn)在輪到你了。即學(xué)即練3(福建）For a moment nothing happened. Then _ all shouting together.voices had come B. came voicesC. voices w

56、ould come D. did voices come重 點(diǎn) 語 法過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)定義: 作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞一般用于與物動(dòng)詞和賓語有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系的情況。用法1. 用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：(1)表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：see, hear, watch, feel, think, find等。如： We found her greatly changed. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)她變了很多。(2)表示“致使”的動(dòng)詞：make, get, have, help, leave等。如： What made them so frightened? 什么使他們這樣害怕？(3)表示“希望，要求”等的動(dòng)詞：li

57、ke, want, wish, order等。如： He wont like such questions discussed at the meeting. 他不想讓這樣的問題在會(huì)上討論。2. 掌握“have/get+賓語+過去分詞”的幾種含義：(1) 請別人作某事。如： He wants to have /get his eyes examined tomorrow. 他明天想去檢查眼睛。(2) 主語遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不測的事情。如： Be careful, or youll have/get your hands hurt. 當(dāng)心，否則你會(huì)弄傷你的手的。3.“with+賓語+過去分詞

58、”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作賓語補(bǔ)足語，這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時(shí)間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。如： The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 兇手被帶進(jìn)來了，他的雙手被綁在背后。4.現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞和不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別： 分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，要看賓語與作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之間的關(guān)系。如果它們之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，則用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)；如果是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。感官動(dòng)詞hear, see, watch, notice, observe, feel等和使役動(dòng)詞have,make, keep, leave等，

59、既可以接分詞作賓補(bǔ)，也可以接不定式作賓補(bǔ)。這些動(dòng)詞接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，接過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表被動(dòng)、完成的動(dòng)作，而接不定式作賓補(bǔ)則表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生了，指事情的全過程。如： Charles is considered to have invented the first computer. 人們普遍認(rèn)為是查爾斯發(fā)明了第一臺電子計(jì)算機(jī)。 I heard them singing in the room when I passed. 我路過時(shí)聽到他們正在房間里唱歌。 The teacher explained the problem several times but still could

60、nt make himself understood. 這個(gè)問題老師解釋了好幾遍，可學(xué)生們還是不明白。拓展知識點(diǎn)：find/ make/ have/keep/with + sb./sth. + 賓補(bǔ)(doing, done, adj., adv., 名詞或介詞短語等） All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只學(xué)習(xí)不玩耍，聰明的孩子也會(huì)變傻。 You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and wor