對(duì)壓縮機(jī)單螺桿專(zhuān)用加工機(jī)床的介紹-畢業(yè)論文外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯

1、對(duì)壓縮機(jī)單螺桿專(zhuān)用加工機(jī)床的介紹摘要： 本文從四個(gè)方面介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)有單螺桿加工機(jī)床的布局和結(jié)構(gòu)，并把優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)一一列舉出來(lái)， 由于壓縮機(jī)生產(chǎn)廠(chǎng)的單螺桿加工機(jī)床和機(jī)床資料對(duì)外保密，以上介紹難免有片面、不妥之處，因此僅供單螺桿壓縮機(jī)生產(chǎn)廠(chǎng)參考。一、介紹機(jī)床的布局壓縮機(jī)排氣量的大小決定了星輪、 螺桿直徑的大小和嚙合中心距的大小， 因此螺桿直徑的不同， 機(jī)床的主軸與刀具的回轉(zhuǎn)中心也不同。 為滿(mǎn)足加工不同直徑的螺桿，目前國(guó)內(nèi)單螺桿加工機(jī)床的布局大致有以下幾種方案。第一種：機(jī)床的主軸與刀具回轉(zhuǎn)中心的中心距為固定式。機(jī)床的主軸與刀具回轉(zhuǎn)中心的中心距為固定式， 中心距不可調(diào)整。 加工幾種直徑的螺桿就需要幾種中心距

2、規(guī)格不同的機(jī)床。優(yōu)點(diǎn)：機(jī)床的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單。缺點(diǎn)：每種機(jī)床只能加工一種規(guī)格的螺桿， 當(dāng)市場(chǎng)上某種規(guī)格的壓縮機(jī)螺桿需要量大時(shí)，造成一臺(tái)機(jī)床加工，其他機(jī)床閑置。第二種：機(jī)床的主軸箱為可回轉(zhuǎn)式機(jī)床可根據(jù)加工螺桿直徑的大小在加工前把主軸箱旋轉(zhuǎn)一個(gè)角度。 這種主軸箱能夠回轉(zhuǎn)的機(jī)床是對(duì)上述第一種機(jī)床在使用方法上的改進(jìn)， 與第一種機(jī)床的結(jié)構(gòu)基本相同。優(yōu)點(diǎn)：機(jī)床的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，能適應(yīng)多種規(guī)格螺桿的加工。缺點(diǎn) 1：主軸箱旋轉(zhuǎn)后主軸回轉(zhuǎn)中心線(xiàn)與刀具回轉(zhuǎn)中心線(xiàn)間的距離不易精確測(cè)量。缺點(diǎn) 2：主軸箱旋轉(zhuǎn)后主軸前端面與刀具的回轉(zhuǎn)中心線(xiàn)間的距離減少，因此加工較大直徑的螺桿受到限制。第三種：機(jī)床的主軸箱為橫向移動(dòng)式主軸箱底部與底座之

3、間布置有矩形滑動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌，主軸箱移動(dòng)的方向垂直于主軸回轉(zhuǎn)中心線(xiàn)并垂直于刀具回轉(zhuǎn)中心線(xiàn)。 主軸箱的動(dòng)力通過(guò)花鍵軸傳給底座內(nèi)的刀具進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)。根據(jù)加工螺桿直徑的大小， 在加工前用手輪絲杠進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)把主軸箱移動(dòng)到適當(dāng)位置，然后用螺釘將主軸箱固定在底座上。 主軸箱的移動(dòng)距離可用光柵尺檢測(cè)，位置誤差 0.005mm。采用主軸箱可橫向移動(dòng)的一個(gè)機(jī)床就可以加工直徑 95385mm之間任何一種規(guī)格的螺桿。由于加工 95 385mm直徑的螺桿，造成主軸前端面與刀具回轉(zhuǎn)中心線(xiàn)間的距離差值過(guò)大，因此在實(shí)際應(yīng)用時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)成兩種規(guī)格的機(jī)床，一個(gè)機(jī)床加工95 205mm直徑的螺桿，另一個(gè)機(jī)床加工 180 385mm直徑的螺桿。優(yōu)點(diǎn)：

4、機(jī)床能適應(yīng)多種規(guī)格螺桿的加工， 每種規(guī)格的螺桿不需要配備相應(yīng)的加工機(jī)床。缺點(diǎn)：機(jī)床的結(jié)構(gòu)和機(jī)床的裝配較前二種機(jī)床復(fù)雜，機(jī)床的造價(jià)也較前二種機(jī)床高。二、介紹機(jī)床的主軸結(jié)構(gòu)機(jī)床主軸箱的水平主軸和底座上的立式的主軸精度的高低決定了被加工螺桿的精度，同時(shí)螺桿在壓縮機(jī)中以幾千轉(zhuǎn)的速度高速旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，精度較差的螺桿會(huì)使壓縮機(jī)產(chǎn)生發(fā)熱、振動(dòng)、效率低、磨損快等現(xiàn)象。國(guó)內(nèi)目前現(xiàn)有的單螺桿加工機(jī)床主軸結(jié)構(gòu)大致有以下兩種方案。第一種： 軸承徑向游隙不可調(diào)的主軸結(jié)構(gòu)主軸前軸承采用 1 個(gè)雙列圓柱滾子軸承和兩個(gè)推力球軸承組合，該主軸使用雙列圓柱滾子軸承承受徑向切削力，使用兩個(gè)推力球軸承承受軸向切削力。主軸后軸承一般采用1

5、個(gè)雙列圓柱滾子軸承或采用1 個(gè)向心球軸承。這種主軸結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)： 主軸的加工和裝配簡(jiǎn)單，造價(jià)較低。缺點(diǎn) 1：由于主軸軸承的徑向游隙不可調(diào)整，所以主軸精度較差。雖然可以利用軸承的內(nèi)徑和軸徑的過(guò)盈配合來(lái)消除軸承的徑向游隙， 但每個(gè)軸承的內(nèi)徑和徑向游隙不是一個(gè)固定值， 因此設(shè)計(jì)和加工時(shí)很難給準(zhǔn)軸徑與軸承內(nèi)徑的配合公差。缺點(diǎn) 2：在市場(chǎng)上很難買(mǎi)到國(guó)產(chǎn)或進(jìn)口的C、 D 級(jí)或 P4、 P5 級(jí)的推力球軸承，機(jī)床生產(chǎn)廠(chǎng)常用普通級(jí)軸承替代使用，此舉也影響了主軸精度的提高。軸承徑向游隙不可調(diào)的主軸結(jié)構(gòu)適用于一般精度的普通機(jī)床，不適用于對(duì)主軸精度要求較高的機(jī)床。第二種：軸承徑向游隙可調(diào)的主軸結(jié)構(gòu)主軸前軸承采用一個(gè)P

6、4 級(jí)圓錐孔的雙列圓柱滾子軸承和1 個(gè) P4 級(jí)的雙列向心推力球軸承組合。該主軸使用圓錐孔的雙列圓柱滾子軸承承受徑向切削力，使用雙列向心推力球軸承承受軸向切削力和部分徑向切削力。主軸后軸承一般采用1 個(gè) P5 級(jí)圓錐孔的雙列圓柱滾子軸承。圓錐孔雙列圓柱滾子軸承的內(nèi)圈和配合軸徑均為1：12 圓錐，用圓螺母鎖緊軸承則使軸承在軸向產(chǎn)生一個(gè)位移并使軸承的內(nèi)圈膨脹，從而達(dá)到減少或消除軸承徑向游隙的目的。這種主軸結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)： 主軸精度較高。在主軸前端面 230mm直徑上測(cè)量主軸的端面跳動(dòng)值為0.010mm。在主軸前端230mm外圓上測(cè)量主軸的徑向跳動(dòng)值為 0.005mm。第二種結(jié)構(gòu)的主軸精度比第一種主軸精

7、度提高50%左右。這種主軸結(jié)構(gòu)的缺點(diǎn)： 主軸的加工工藝較復(fù)雜，主軸的裝配也需要有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人操作才能使主軸精度達(dá)到理想數(shù)值。三、刀具進(jìn)給深度的控制不同直徑的螺桿需要加工螺旋槽的深度也不同， 螺旋槽的深度從幾十毫米到一百多毫米不等，刀具進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)大約需要旋轉(zhuǎn)進(jìn)刀幾千圈才能完成一個(gè)螺桿零件的加工。由于刀具進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)在刀具旋轉(zhuǎn)的同時(shí)還要完成進(jìn)刀動(dòng)作， 所以一些在普通機(jī)床上常用的機(jī)械、電氣控制切深的方法都不適用于單螺桿加工機(jī)床。單螺桿加工機(jī)床的刀具進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)采用以下不同的方法都可以達(dá)到控制進(jìn)刀深度的目的。第一種： 摩擦離合器和電氣開(kāi)關(guān)控制刀具進(jìn)給深度它的控制原理是刀具切深增大時(shí)刀具進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)的負(fù)載扭距增大， 使

8、刀具進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)傳動(dòng)鏈中的摩擦離合器打滑， 一個(gè)機(jī)械連桿機(jī)構(gòu)觸發(fā)電氣開(kāi)關(guān)并發(fā)出聲、 光信號(hào)提示操作者，此時(shí)操作者人工操作斷開(kāi)刀具進(jìn)給機(jī)構(gòu)的動(dòng)力。這種控制方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是： 控制方法簡(jiǎn)單及零件加工和操作不受突然斷電的影響。缺點(diǎn)是： 加工不同直徑的螺桿需要調(diào)整摩擦離合器壓緊碟簧的預(yù)緊力。由于每個(gè)螺桿材質(zhì)的密度、硬度存在細(xì)微差異及刀具鋒利程度也存在差異，因此使這種控制方法的精度不太準(zhǔn)確，可能導(dǎo)致螺桿螺旋槽的深度公差過(guò)大。第二種： 用電磁離合器、編碼器組合控制刀具進(jìn)給深度刀具進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)中，裝有電磁離合器及一對(duì)用于檢測(cè)刀具轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)圈數(shù)的測(cè)速齒輪和一個(gè)編碼器。它的控制原理是刀具剛接觸螺桿表面時(shí)手工啟動(dòng)編碼器記數(shù)開(kāi)關(guān)，記

9、數(shù)裝置則開(kāi)始記數(shù)， 當(dāng)?shù)毒咝D(zhuǎn)到事先設(shè)定的圈數(shù)時(shí)也就是達(dá)到切削深度時(shí)， 電磁離合器自動(dòng)斷開(kāi)刀具進(jìn)給的動(dòng)力并發(fā)出聲、光信號(hào)提示操作者零件已加工完畢。該檢測(cè)裝置通過(guò)數(shù)顯表顯示進(jìn)給圈數(shù)或進(jìn)給量。電磁離合器脫開(kāi)后，刀具只隨立軸旋轉(zhuǎn)并無(wú)進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)。這種控制方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是 ：螺桿螺旋槽的深度公差控制較準(zhǔn)確，由于有數(shù)顯表顯示要加工的深度或圈數(shù)和已加工的深度或圈數(shù)，在操作上也很直觀和方便。缺點(diǎn)是： 機(jī)床的電氣控制較復(fù)雜同時(shí)這種控制方法在零件加工時(shí)如果廠(chǎng)區(qū)突然斷電，事先設(shè)定的數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)丟失。如果在電氣控制中加入蓄電池，使之在斷電維初期維持檢測(cè)裝置的工作，上述問(wèn)題就可以得到解決。四、齒輪傳動(dòng)間隙的控制單螺桿加工機(jī)床在加工

10、螺桿時(shí)， 由于螺旋槽是在刀具旋轉(zhuǎn)和工件旋轉(zhuǎn)的合成作用下完成加工的。 在剛切入工件時(shí)刀具在旋轉(zhuǎn)的切向方向上受到的走刀抗力較大，刀具在將要切出工件時(shí)在螺旋槽的作用下， 刀具在旋轉(zhuǎn)的切向方向上受到的走刀抗較小，甚至是受到工件螺旋槽的推力。由于存在著機(jī)床箱體孔加工、 齒輪加工等各種誤差， 刀具旋轉(zhuǎn)軸的傳動(dòng)間隙過(guò)大，俗稱(chēng)曠量大。檢測(cè)傳動(dòng)間隙過(guò)大的方法是將動(dòng)力輸入軸固定并左右旋轉(zhuǎn)晃動(dòng)輸出軸，如果是用常規(guī)的傳動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)制造機(jī)床，輸出軸的傳動(dòng)間隙擺角在十幾度到幾十度。傳動(dòng)間隙過(guò)大造成螺桿的螺旋槽加工表面有明顯的接刀痕， 從而影響了螺桿的加工精度。機(jī)床在裝配完成后刀具旋轉(zhuǎn)軸的傳動(dòng)間隙過(guò)大， 實(shí)際上是齒輪受各種誤

11、差的影響，造成齒輪側(cè)隙的過(guò)大。機(jī)床機(jī)械傳動(dòng)中的齒輪加工不管是采用幾級(jí)精度的， 設(shè)計(jì)者考慮到齒輪的制造誤差、箱體中心距加工誤差、溫度變化、潤(rùn)滑油膜厚度、裝配誤差等因素，機(jī)床傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)必須保證齒輪傳動(dòng)留有一定的側(cè)隙， 側(cè)隙的大小決定了齒輪齒厚公差的大小。單螺桿加工機(jī)床的主傳動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)有區(qū)別于其他機(jī)床的特殊性。 為減小或得到合理的傳動(dòng)間隙目前單螺桿加工機(jī)床常采用以下兩種辦法。第一種：在輸出軸上安裝抱閘在刀具旋轉(zhuǎn)輸出軸外圓徑向?qū)ΨQ(chēng)位置裝有抱閘， 抱閘前端頂住刀具旋轉(zhuǎn)輸出軸的外圓，抱閘為彈簧預(yù)緊。抱閘的工作原理是靠抱閘產(chǎn)生的摩擦力來(lái)增大輸出軸阻尼， 降低軸的旋轉(zhuǎn)靈敏度。優(yōu)點(diǎn)是：抱閘結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單并且不改變?cè)袡C(jī)床結(jié)

12、構(gòu)， 這種方法間接地達(dá)到了減少傳動(dòng)間隙的目的，在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中有一定的效果。缺點(diǎn) 1：彈簧預(yù)緊的抱閘由于對(duì)刀具輸出軸外圓施加了較大徑向力，實(shí)際上增大了機(jī)床的負(fù)載扭距，造成電機(jī)功率增大，同時(shí)齒輪、軸承磨損加快。缺點(diǎn) 2：彈簧預(yù)緊的抱閘由于對(duì)刀具輸出軸外圓施加了較大徑向力可能對(duì)刀具輸出軸的幾何精度造成負(fù)面影響。第二種：雙齒輪傳動(dòng)把主傳動(dòng)中所有主動(dòng)齒輪的齒寬增加 1/3 1/2。把所有被動(dòng)齒輪做成兩層結(jié)構(gòu)，一層齒輪是原有齒輪， 另一層是用來(lái)減少傳動(dòng)間隙的齒輪， 它的齒寬約是原有齒輪齒寬的 1/31/2。用數(shù)個(gè)螺釘將兩個(gè)齒輪毛坯安裝在一起并擰死在再制齒。制齒后將齒輪裝在機(jī)床傳動(dòng)軸上， 松開(kāi)齒輪固定螺釘，

13、將約 1/31/2 齒寬的齒輪朝著該齒輪旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)相反的方向轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)齒輪，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)角度的大小以齒輪長(zhǎng)期工作、最大溫升時(shí)齒輪側(cè)隙大于零。雙齒輪傳動(dòng)的工作原理是用雙齒輪中較寬的齒輪傳遞動(dòng)力， 較窄的齒輪起到減少傳動(dòng)間隙的作用。沿著軸心線(xiàn)看調(diào)整后的兩層齒輪的齒形有微量錯(cuò)位，結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)點(diǎn) ：根據(jù)齒輪的實(shí)際制造誤差、箱體中心距實(shí)際加工誤差、等因素，調(diào)整齒輪的傳動(dòng)間隙使之在一個(gè)合理的范圍之內(nèi)，與抱閘結(jié)構(gòu)相比更合理、適用。結(jié)構(gòu)缺點(diǎn) ：由于齒輪齒寬增加， 傳動(dòng)軸的軸向尺寸加大， 并且箱體上還要留有齒輪調(diào)整用的窗口，這種方法只適用于新設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)床并且增加了機(jī)床的制造成本。結(jié)論：本文從四個(gè)方面介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)有單螺桿加工機(jī)床的布局和

14、結(jié)構(gòu)，并把優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)一一列舉出來(lái)，由于壓縮機(jī)生產(chǎn)廠(chǎng)的單螺桿加工機(jī)床和機(jī)床資料對(duì)外保密，以上介紹難免有片面、不妥之處，因此僅供單螺桿壓縮機(jī)生產(chǎn)廠(chǎng)參考。Dedicated to the single screw compressor machine updatedthe IntroductionAbstract: This paper describes four areas from the existing single-screw machinelayout and structure, and put out the advantages and disadvantages of the li

15、st, because of the compressor plant single-screw machine tools and machine tool external Security information, the above introduction there is inevitably one-sided and wrong, and are therefore single-screw compressor for the production of reference works.First, introduce the layout of machine toolsD

16、ecide the size of the compressor displacement of the stars round, screw diameter, mesh size and the size of the center distance, so different in diameter screw, machine tool spindle and the rotary center are also different. To meet the processingof different diameter screw, single screw Currently th

17、e layout of machine tools in general there are several options.The first is: machine tool rotary tool spindle center and the center distance for the fixed Machine tool rotary tool spindle center and the center distance for the fixed, can not adjust the center distance. Processing of several of the s

18、crew diameter on the center distance required several different specifications of the machine.Advantages:simple structure of the machine.Disadvantage: each machine can only process a specification of the screw, when the market on a certain specification requirements when the screw compressor, result

19、ing in a machine, other machine idle.The second: the machine tool spindle box for rotary Processing screw machine according to the size of the diameter at the processing before a point of rotating spindle box. Spindle box that the machine can turn on a machine at the above-mentioned article on the u

20、se of the improvements, with the first structure of a machine tool is basically the same.Advantages: the structure of machine tool easy to adapt to a variety of specifications of the processing screw.One disadvantage:after the rotating spindle box and the tool spindle turning center line distance be

21、tween the center line of accurate measurement difficult.The other disadvantage:after the rotating spindle box and the front surface of the rotary cutter centerline distance between the reduction of the larger diameter of the screw processing is limited.The third: the machine tool spindle box for hor

22、izontal mobileBox at the bottom of the spindle and the base there is arranged between the rectangular sliding rail, spindle box perpendicular to the direction of movement of spindle centerline and perpendicular to the centerline of the tool rotation. Through the power of the spindle box spline shaft

23、 to the base of the tool feed mechanism.Screw diameter, according to the size of the processing in the processing of the previous round by hand to the body put into the screw spindle box moved to the appropriate location, and then screw the spindle box on a fixed base. Spindle boxavailable from the

24、mobile Grating detection, position error 0.005mm. Horizontal spindle box can be used as a mobile machine can process diameter95 385mm any kind between the screw specifications.95 385mmprocessing because of the diameter of the screw, causing the front surface and the tool spindle rotation the distanc

25、e between the center line of the margin is too large, the actual application in the design specifications of the machine into two, a 95 205mm machine screw diameter Another 180 385mm machine screw diameter.Advantages:a variety of tools to adapt to the specifications of the processing screw, each scr

26、ew specifications need not be provided with the appropriate machine tools.Disadvantage:the structure of machine tools and machine tool assembly of the two kinds of more complex machine tools, machine tools than the cost of two kinds of machine tools before the high.Second, introduce the structure of

27、 machine tool spindleThe level of machine tool spindle box on the main axis and the base of the vertical axis determines the degree of precision was the precision screw machining, at the same time screw compressor at a speed of thousands of high-speed rotary switch, the accuracy of the screw will be

28、 less so that the compressor have a fever, vibration, low efficiency, such as wear and tear situation quickly. Currently available single-screw machine spindle structure of the program has the following two.The first is: bearing radial clearance is not adjustable spindle structureBefore spindle bear

29、ing out the use of one pairs of cylindrical roller bearings and thrust ball bearing combination of both, the main use of double row cylindrical roller bearings under radial cutting force, the use of two ball bearings to bear axial thrust cutting force.After the general adoption of the spindle bearin

30、gs out one pairs of cylindrical roller bearings or a ball bearing to the heart.Main advantages of this structure: the main axis of the processing and assembly of simple, low cost.One disadvantage:because the main axis of the radial bearing clearance can not be adjusted so poor precision spindle. Alt

31、hough the use of bearings and shaft diameter fit to eliminate the radial bearing clearance, but each bearing diameter and radial clearance is not a fixed value, so it is difficult to design and processing to the quasi-axial-radial and bearings with bore tolerances.The other disadvantage: it is very

32、difficult to buy in the market of domestically produced or imported, C, D or P4, P5 class thrust ball bearings, machinetool manufacturing plant commonly used alternative to the use of ordinary class bearings, which also affected the accuracy of the enhance spindle.Bearing radial clearance adjustable

33、 spindle structure do not apply to the general accuracy of the general machine tools, does not apply to require a higher accuracy of the spindle of machine tools.The second:the radial bearing clearance adjustable spindle structureBefore the adoption of a spindle bearing P4 class of double row tapere

34、d hole cylindrical roller bearings and a P4-class double row ball bearing thrust to the combination of heart. The use of the spindle hole of the double row tapered cylindrical roller bearings under radial cutting force, the use of double row ball bearing thrust to the heart to bear part of the axial

35、 and radial cutting force cutting force.Spindle bearings generally used after a P5 class of double row tapered hole cylindrical roller bearings.Double row tapered hole cylindrical roller bearings with inner ring and shaft are tapered 1:12, bearing lock nut with a round led a bearing in the axial dis

36、placement of the inner ring bearings and expansion, to reduce or eliminate Bearing radial clearance purposes.Main structure of such advantages: high precision spindle. At the front spindle diameter 230mm noodle on the end measuring spindle Beat value of0.010mm. 230mm cylindrical spindle at the front

37、 end on the radial axis measurement value of Beat 0.005mm. The second structure of the spindle of precision spindle accuracy than the first about 50% improves.Main disadvantage of this structure: The principal axis of the more complicated process, the spindle assembly also has the experience necessa

38、ry to make the workers to operate the spindle achieve the desired numerical accuracy.Third, the depth of the tool feed controlRequired different processing screw diameter spiral groove depth is also different from the depth of the spiral groove mm from dozens to more than 100 millimeters range aroun

39、d the tool into the institutions required to feed the thousands of ring rotation in order to achieve a screw machining. Feed because of the tool in the tool rotating at the same time achieve motion feed, so on a number of general machine tools used in mechanical, electrical control method of depth o

40、f cut does not apply to single-screw machine.Single screw machine tools give agencies into the following different methods can be feed to control the depth of purpose.The first is: friction clutch and electrical switches to control the depth of the tool feed Its principle is to control depth of cut

41、increases the tool cutter feed mechanismincreases the load torque so that the tool feeding mechanism of the friction transmission chain slipping clutch, a mechanical linkage concurrent silent trigger electrical switches, optical signal prompted operator, when manual operator to disconnect the tool i

42、nto the power sector.The advantages of this control method are:the control method is simple and spare parts processing and operational power from the impact of a sudden.Disadvantages are:processing of different diameter screw to adjust the clutch friction discs pressed the preload spring.Material be

43、cause of the density of each screw, and the hardness of the existence of subtle differences in the degree of cutting tools sharp differences exist, thus the accuracy of this control method was not too accurate, may lead to screw spiral groove depth tolerance is too large.The second:use of an electro

44、magnetic clutch, encoder control tool into the mix to the depth of Tool feed system, equipped with electromagnetic clutch and a tool for detecting the number of rotating ring gear and a gun encoder.It is a tool of control principle just contact hand screw surface encoder to start counting switch, th

45、en start counting device, when the rotary tool to pre-set number of laps when the cutting depth is reached, the electromagnetic clutch automatic off open to the power tool into the concurrent silent, optical signal parts prompted the operator has finished processing.The detection device through the

46、digital display shows the number of feed circles or feed. Torn off and the electromagnetic clutch, the tool does not only into the rotation with the vertical shaft to the sport.The advantages of this control method are: the depth of the spiral groove screw tolerance control more accurate, because of

47、 several significant table shows the depth of processing, or want a few laps and the depth of processing or circle the number of operations is also very intuitive and user-friendly.Disadvantage are: electrical control of machine tools at the same time more complex parts of this control method at the

48、 processing plant, if a sudden power failure, the prior data set will be lost.If you add in the electrical control of the battery to power at the early-dimensional detection devices to maintain the job, the problem can be resolved.Four, the control gear drive spaceSingle screw machine screw in the p

49、rocessing, due to the spiral groove in the rotary tool and the workplace rotation to complete the synthesis process. Just cut into the workplace when the tool in the tangential direction of rotation has been going on a greater resistance knife, cutting tool at the workplace to be cut when the role o

50、f the spiral groove, the tool in the tangential direction of rotation has been going up against a smaller knife and even by the spiral groove thrust workplace.Because there is a box-hole processing machine tool, gear and other processing error, the tool axis of rotation of the drive space is too lar

51、ge, large amount of so-called open.Detect drive way too much space is a fixed power input shaft and output shaft rotation shaking, in the case of the transmission structure of conventional design and manufacture of machine tools, the transmission output shaft angle space at more than ten degrees to

52、the dozens of degrees. Transmission gap caused by too large spiral screw groove surface then there is obvious marks, thus affecting the machining accuracy of the screw.Upon completion of the assembly machine tool axis of rotation of the drive space is too large, in fact are subject to various errors

53、 gear, creating a backlash of the gear is too large.Machine tools in the mechanical transmission gear are used regardless of the accuracy of a few of the class, the designers take into account the gear manufacturing error, processing error box center distance, temperature, lubricating oil film thick

54、ness, the assembly error and other factors, machine design must ensure that transmission gear A certain amount of backlash, backlash decide the size of the gear tooth thickness tolerance size.Single-screw machine has the Main Drive from other machine tool structure specificity. In order to reduce tr

55、ansmission or reasonablegap single screw machine tools currently used by the following two ways.The first : the installation at the output shaft brakeTool at the output shaft rotating the location of cylindrical symmetry with radial brake, brake stand up to the tool front-end of the cylindrical rota

56、ry output shaft, brake for spring preload.The working principle of the brake is generated by the friction brake to increase the output shaft damping, reducing the sensitivity of the rotation axis.Advantage: brake and easy does not change the structure of the original machine tool structure, the meth

57、od of indirect reduction to achieve the purpose of drive space, in practical applications there is a certain effect.One disadvantage: the pre-spring break tool because of the cylindrical output shaft to exert a greater radial force, in fact increases the load machine torque, resulting in increased m

58、otor power at the same time gears, bearings to accelerate wear and tear. Disadvantage 2: pre-spring break because of the output shaft of the cylindricaltool to exert a greater radial force on the possible geometry of the tool output shaft a negative impact on accuracy.The second: Dual gearThe main d

59、rive gear in the tooth width all increased by 1/ 3 to1/ 2 . Passive gear all made two layers, a layer of gear is the original gear, another layer is used to reducethe gap of the gear transmission, it is the original gear tooth with1/ 3to1/ 2. Use afew screws to install the two together and screw gea

60、r blank and then the system died in the tooth.System installed in the machine tool gear tooth will be on the shaft, loosen the screw gear, will be about 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the gear tooth width direction of the gear rotation in the opposite direction turning gear, the gear rotation angle of the size o