中考英語完形填空專題講稿

1、關(guān)于中考英語完形填空專題第1頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四Free talkWhat do you think of cloze(完形填空） ?Is it easy or hard for you?第2頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四K2 - the second highest mountain in the worldWhy climb? Because its there! I came, I saw, I conquered（征服）. (by Caesar)第3頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四（一） 完形填

2、空題考什么？1、詞法及詞義辨析 2、固定短語搭配 3、上下文邏輯關(guān)系 4、文化背景及生活常識(shí)一、完形填空題型分析解讀第4頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四（二） 河南中考完形填空題的特點(diǎn)突出語篇，強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)用，注重語境。2. 辨析詞義，以實(shí)詞為主。3. 題材多為記敘文，敘議結(jié)合。第5頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四文化習(xí)俗 科普知識(shí) 著名人物 幽默故事日常生活人生百味完形填空的題材、文體分類題材文體記敘 議論 說明 第6頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四 四人一組討論2013年河南省中考英語完形填空的題材、文體和文章大意，并

3、說出每小題的答案及解題的思路。groupworkTask 1第7頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四2013年河南省中考英語完形填空 King Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles and puzzles to his people.He often asked36which were strange. His people had to use words in a37way to answer these questions. Once he asked a very strange question. He looked

4、 at his people.38he looked, one by one the heads began to hang low in search of an answer. It was at this moment that Birbal entered the palace. Birbal39the habit of the king. He understood the40at once and asked, May I know the question so that I can41for an answer? Akbar said, How many crows (烏鴉)a

5、re there in this city? 42even a moments thought, Birbal replied There are fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine crows, my lord. How can you be so43?” asked Akbar. Birbal said, Make you men44, My lord. If you find more crows it means some have come to visit their relatives(親戚) here. If you find

6、45crows it means some have gone to visit their relatives elsewhere. Akbar was pleased very much by Birbals wise answer.第8頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四( ) 36.A. questions B. help C. promise D. advice ( ) 37. A. common B. friendly C. clever D. silent( ) 38. A. Though B. Because C. If D. As( ) 39. A. k

7、new B. developedC. hated D. doubted( ) 40. A. order B. informationC. danger D. situation( ) 41. A. ask B. wait C. try D. reach( ) 42. A. Before B. Without C. Through D. In( ) 43.A. smart B. brave C. fanny D. sure( ) 44. A. catch B. discuss C. count D. visit( ) 45. A. fewer B. larger C. faster D. old

8、er第9頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四 2013河南省中考完形填空考點(diǎn)解析 本題材為一篇幽默故事。題目設(shè)置上較注重對(duì)語篇整體理解能力和詞義辨析的考查。根據(jù)語篇上下文的語意、邏輯和句法尋找線索，進(jìn)行合理的推理和猜測(cè)，就能做出正確的選擇。36A【解析】考查名詞意義辨析。賓語questions提示和動(dòng)詞ask構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示“問問題”，由下一段第一句可知Akbar經(jīng)常會(huì)問奇怪的問題。37. C【解析】考查形容詞意義辨析。前文had to “不得不”，提示下文用形容詞clever表示“明智的；聰明的”。38.D【解析】考查連詞意義辨析。下文“他的臣民們低下頭尋找答案”可知

9、前文是時(shí)間狀語從句，用as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句表示“當(dāng)時(shí)候”。39.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞意義辨析。根據(jù)下句“他立刻明白了當(dāng)前的形勢(shì)”可知上文是伯巴勒“知道”國王猜謎的習(xí)慣。用動(dòng)詞knew表示“知道；了解”。40.D【解析】考查名詞意義辨析。承接上文“他了解國王的習(xí)慣”，說明他明白當(dāng)時(shí)的“形勢(shì)”，用situation表示“情況；形勢(shì)”。41.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞意義辨析。動(dòng)詞try和for連用，try for表示“謀求；嘗試”，和answer構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示“尋找一個(gè)答案”。42.B【解析】考查介詞意義辨析。下文他立刻說出了一個(gè)具體數(shù)字，和even“甚至”的提示意義說明上文是“甚至沒有經(jīng)過片刻的思索”

10、，用介詞without表示“無；沒有”，表示否定意義。43.D【解析】考查形容詞意義辨析。對(duì)于他說出的具體數(shù)字，根據(jù)常理推測(cè)，國王是詢問“你如何能這么確信？”be sure表示“確信的；有把握的”。44.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞意義辨析。承接上文，伯巴勒回答國王的問題是“讓你的臣民們數(shù)一下”，用動(dòng)詞count表示“數(shù)”，和上面的數(shù)字對(duì)應(yīng)。45.A【解析】考查形容詞比較級(jí)意義辨析。綜合這兩句話的意義“如果多了就是有來走親戚的；如果少了，是去走親戚了”可以推斷空格處用fewer，表示“少”這一意義，和上句的more對(duì)應(yīng)。第10頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四二、完形填空的解題方

11、法和技巧 盡管看起來形式上有殘缺（若干個(gè)空），但它的內(nèi)容和語言習(xí)慣、句與句之間的銜接點(diǎn)、句子與段落之間的聯(lián)系、段落與段落之間的邏輯順序仍或隱或現(xiàn)地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空題時(shí)，通讀全文、明了大意、理清觀點(diǎn)、分清層次是十分重要的一步。我們必須自始至終依托語境，注意上下文之間、詞與詞之間、從語法到意義的合理搭配。 原則上講完形填空的每一道題都有暗示即clues, 有的在本句中，有的在前，稱為前提示，有的在后，稱為后暗示,有的暗含于語篇中。 第11頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四 要充分利用首句的標(biāo)示作用 第一句往往是全篇的關(guān)鍵句，首句一般不設(shè)空，它有概括和預(yù)示全

12、文大意的作用，是判斷文章體裁并預(yù)測(cè)全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解題和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,how) 要注意尾句的提示和總結(jié)作用故事的結(jié)局問題的結(jié)論幽默或富有哲理的結(jié)尾 留意文章中有中文注釋的詞有注釋的詞往往對(duì)理解短文和解題有幫助。Step 1 抓住首尾，了解短文第12頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四完形填空。 共205詞 推薦做題時(shí)間 10分鐘 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from scho

13、ol four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an

14、 expert(專家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. Mo

15、re families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is ri

16、ght for kids.Practice第13頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四可以推測(cè)： 這篇文章是介紹青少年日常生活中過重課程安排，占用了孩子們大量的課余時(shí)間，成了影響他們健康成長(zhǎng)的社會(huì)問題，首句： Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities第三段首句：“Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.”中文注釋： an expert (專家)尾句： Kids need time to relax.

17、 Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.撇開選項(xiàng)不談，單從這些句子中，我們可以捕捉到如下信息： （1）XiaoQiang 是個(gè)12歲中國男孩。 （2）他有許多活動(dòng)。 （3）專家認(rèn)為過量的課程安排是個(gè)問題 。（4）孩子們需要時(shí)間休息。 第14頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四Step 2 通讀全文, 把握脈絡(luò) Xiao Qiang， 通過跳過空格，通覽全文，我們明白了大意、理清了觀點(diǎn)、分清了層次。 本文講述了許多青少年學(xué)生在課余時(shí)間奔走于各種各樣的after school activities 的問題，專家呼吁Kid

18、s need time to relax.第15頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too manyactivitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do therest when I get

19、 homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” Hesaid. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have toomany activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that theywished they had more 6 to

20、play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem forChinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kidsand their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fastfood 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We allknow it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If t

21、hey dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.跳過空格通讀短文：第16頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四Step 3 瞻前顧后，上下求索 本著先易后難的原則，先根據(jù)上下文和自己的語感，推測(cè)部分空格的可能答案，并劃出語篇標(biāo)志和答題暗示。然后，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)逐一敲定。第17頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四

22、完形填空。 （共205詞 推薦做題時(shí)間 10分鐘） Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I jus

23、t want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling

24、 (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that

25、 now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.平行結(jié)構(gòu)1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has taken2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving第18頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四

26、完形填空。 共205詞 推薦做題時(shí)間 10分鐘 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just

27、want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 46 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling

28、(過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that

29、now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.前提示后暗示1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has taken2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving相同或相似結(jié)構(gòu)第19頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16

30、點(diǎn)41分，星期四完形填空。 共205詞 推薦做題時(shí)間 10分鐘 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when weare 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried,I

31、 just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities todo.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development“4lof thechildren aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduli

32、ng (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way tofootball practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learnhow to relax. If they dont learn that

33、 now, it will be more difficult to learnwhen they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what isright for kids.因果關(guān)系表達(dá)心情的形容詞應(yīng)與表達(dá)心情的形容詞匹配后暗示4. A. but B. or C. because D. so5. A. excited B. interested C. worried D. dangerous6. A. great timeB. full time C. right time D. free time第20頁，共

34、33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四完形填空。 共205詞 推薦做題時(shí)間 10分鐘 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get h

35、omeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to

36、 play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax.

37、 If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.后暗示平行結(jié)構(gòu) 7. A. slowly B. quickly C. quietly D. happily 8. A. on B. by C. in D. across 9. A. taller B. stronger C. older D. better10. A. hear B. th

38、ink C. look D. tell固定搭配結(jié)合句義推測(cè)固定搭配、語境第21頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四Step 4 再讀文章，核查答案 將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復(fù)讀一遍，爭(zhēng)取做到：結(jié)構(gòu)正確+語義通順+邏輯合理。 第22頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四保留解題痕跡的卷面： Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives h

39、im across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development“4lof t

40、he children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat

41、fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.后暗示平行結(jié)構(gòu)固定搭配結(jié)合句義推測(cè)固定搭配、語境前

42、提示后暗示平行結(jié)構(gòu)第23頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四Step 4 再讀文章，核查答案 將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復(fù)讀一遍，爭(zhēng)取做到：結(jié)構(gòu)正確+語義通順+邏輯合理。 Now we have conquered K2.第24頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四具體解題步驟1、抓住首尾，了解短文2、通讀全文，把握脈絡(luò)3、瞻前顧后，上下求索4、再讀文章，核查答案勾劃、研讀首句尾句以及有中文注釋的單詞,打開答題窗口,了解全文。跳過空格，速讀全文，把握大意。注意文中的語篇標(biāo)志，和句中的連詞,捕捉關(guān)鍵詞匯。前后聯(lián)系，先易后難。運(yùn)用解題策略從句子、段落

43、、語篇層面解題，劃出語篇標(biāo)志，找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞、定位詞。代入答案，再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查 爭(zhēng)取做到：結(jié)構(gòu)正確+語義通順+邏輯合理。少于1分鐘約5分鐘約2分鐘約2分鐘Summary第25頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四 完形填空解題技巧口訣要想完形做得好，語篇理解最重要。語義語用是考點(diǎn)，邏輯關(guān)系要判斷。重首尾，看提示，平行結(jié)構(gòu)要注意。依語法，找搭配，根據(jù)常識(shí)來選擇。做標(biāo)志，找關(guān)鍵，先易后難看時(shí)間。按照步驟來做題，利用技巧闖難關(guān)。第26頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四信息常識(shí)，上下呼應(yīng)，搭配遣詞，邏輯貫通文中無閑句，句中無閑字 特別提示：第27頁，共33頁

44、，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四三、解題誤區(qū)1、單純求快忽略語篇理解，只看局部的詞義辨析、搭配和語法結(jié)構(gòu)，試圖用語言知識(shí)解決所有問題。 正確的做法是在整體理解語篇的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合語境選擇。2、時(shí)間安排不當(dāng)，在幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)上過分糾纏，追求完美，導(dǎo)致許多本可以做出的題來不及做。 正確的做法是由易到難，合理分配時(shí)間。第28頁，共33頁，2022年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四 Task 2 按照解題步驟，利用解題技巧兩人小組完成2014年河南省中考模擬題，保留解題的痕跡。 首、尾句及文章中心句： 關(guān)鍵詞，提示詞： 完形填空推薦圈點(diǎn)勾畫符號(hào)： Have a try!第29頁，共33頁，202

45、2年，5月20日，16點(diǎn)41分，星期四 One day the bathroom door had slammed on Timmys finger. The doctor asked if we had found the tip of Timmys finger. He said there was a small chance of 36 it if we could get it to him quickly. Pulling myself out of a daze, I ran back to the bathroom. 37 , it had already turned blu

46、e. I knew from the look on the doctors face that it was too late. I felt helpless, unable to take the pain away from my little boy. Then a(n) 38 came to me. I whispered in his ear, “Timmy, did you know that lizards（蜥蜴） grow their tails back and little boys can grow their fingers back too?” Timmys soft green eyes grew wide 39 excitement. “They can?” he asked, obviously surprised by the thought, “And 40 ?” I told him, “Inside your head you have a little voice telling your finger how much you love it and how muc