驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè) Car drive axle design1 Introduction The structure form of the main reducer is based on the type of the gear and the way of the active gear and the driven gear. 2 drive axle Drive axle in the tail end of the power transmission system, it

2、s basic function is to increase the torque came by the drive shaft or transmission, the reasonable distribution of power to the left and right driving wheels, and also bear role of road and the frame or body between vertical and longitudinal force and lateral force. The drive axle is composed of a m

3、ain reducer, a differential, a wheel drive device and a drive axle housing.Reducer is the original motivation and independent of the working machine between the closed transmission, used to reduce speed and increase torque to meet the needs of a variety of working machinery. According to transmissio

4、n form can be divided into three different for the gear reducer, worm reducer and planetary reducer; in accordance with the transmission of the series can be divided into single and multistage speed reducer; according to transmission layout situation can be divided for expansion, shunt type and coax

5、ial type reducer. Gear reducer transmission efficiency and high reliability, long service life, maintenance is simple, and therefore the scope of application is very wide.2.1 main reducer The main reducer gear has the spiral bevel gear type, the type of the double curved surface gear type, the type

6、of the cylindrical gear and the worm gear and so on. At present, the main reducer gear of the automobile drive axle adopts spiral bevel gear. When the load is high, the work is stable, the noise is small, and the contact load on the tooth surface is low. So the use of single bevel gears. 2.1.2 main

7、reducer drive, driven bevel gear support form The car driving axle design, so the use of cantilever installation. The using of the cantilever installation, ensure that the gear stiffness, active gear shaft neck should be increased, so that the distance between the two bearings than the distance of t

8、he cantilever high at least 2.5 times. 3 the differential design Car in the exercise of the security, about two wheels at the same time the roll over the journey is often not equal, around two in the pressure is not equal, and the tread wear uneven, two wheel load is uneven and cause the wheel rolli

9、ng radius does not match; the wheels touch the pavement conditions about different, exercises the resistance range, on the one hand will increase tire wear, power and fuel consumption, on the other hand will divert too difficult, through and handling stability is bad. Therefore, the left and right w

10、heels of the drive axle are provided with a wheel differential mechanism. Differential is a differential transmission mechanism, used in the two output shaft torque distribution, and ensure two output shaft may rotate at different angular velocities, to ensure the driving wheels in various kinds of

11、sports under the condition of power transmission, to avoid slipping between the tire and the ground. Differential according to its structural characteristics can be divided into gear type, convex wheel, worm wheel type and teeth embedded in a variety of forms, such as free wheel. 4 half shaft For se

12、mi axis diameter not less than the diameter of the rod, the end part of the processing done slightly thicker, and appropriate to reduce spending less of the keyway depth, the tooth number must be a corresponding increase in, usually take 10 teeth (car half axle) to 18 teeth (truck half axle). The fa

13、ilure mode of the half shaft is basically too fatigue failure. The rod part of the axle shaft of the heavy duty truck is thicker, the outer end flange is relatively large, and the two ends of the shaft can be used as the half shaft structure with connection when no larger forging equipment is adopte

14、d, and the process is simplified by taking the same parameters. In the modern automobile half shaft, the is used quite widely, but also has the structure form of the rectangle or the trapezoidal . Shaft is one of the main parts of the machine, and all of the transmission parts of rotary motion must

15、be installed on the axis to carry out the movement and power transmission. So the main function of the shaft is to support the rotating parts and the transmission of motion and power. According to the different load bearing, the shaft can be divided into shaft, mandrel and shaft of the third class,

16、the relay under bending moment and bearing torque becomes the shaft. This type of shaft in the machine in the most common, only to withstand the bending moment and does not bear the torque a mandrel, the mandrel is divided into rotation and fixed mandrel mandrel two. Shaft which is only subjected to

17、 torque and does not bear the bending moment becomes the drive shaft. 5 the bridge shell and the bridge shell accessories design The main function of the drive axle housing is to support the quality of the vehicle, and is affected by the road surface reaction force and torque transmitted by the whee

18、l, and the suspension is passed to the body. The drive shaft shell is a force transmitting member and the carrier, so the axle housing should meet the following requirements: 1) with sufficient strength and stiffness, to ensure that the reducer gear mesh is normal and does not cause additional bendi

19、ng stress. 2) under the premise of ensuring sufficient rigidity, as far as possible to reduce the car to improve the ride comfort. 3) to ensure sufficient ground clearance. 4) the structure craft is good, the cost is low. The bridge shell is a cross beam, the pivot point is located in the center of

20、the tire, the load function in the steel plate spring seat, the average truck is used to improve the overall carrying capacity of the truck, the distance between the pivot point of the twin shaft is calculated according to the distance between the two. The maximum stress of the drive axle housing oc

21、curs near the steel plate spring. The force that causes the bending moment of the bridge shell is: the carrying capacity of the vertical load G2, the traction force F and its reaction torque M. And car shift when the tire lateral force Y2 external force in the drive axle housing, in order to simplif

22、y the calculation, just never sideslip BRDF is moving in a straight line calculated, and in terms of safety coefficient due consideration. The bending stress of the malleable cast iron bridge should not exceed 300m2. The bending stress should not exceed 500m2 on the half shaft bushing and wheel axle

23、 of medium carbon alloy steel, and the shear stress should not exceed 250N/mm2. Combines the actual situation of the vehicle, considering the overall expansion forming welding axle, so the material to consider ductility . We choose 16Mn. 6 summary Through this design, it is now to design a product,

24、only to feel that their knowledge is far from enough. There is a saying: it is never too late to learn. Thats a bit of a point! Is my teacher, all my knowledge to learn! Through this design, the ability to check the manual has been greatly improved. Now, through the guidance of teachers, through the

25、ir own practice, you can now go to the library to check the information, but also to look at what aspects of the information, the psychological is very clear, not so much as before. In other areas also have a lot of harvest, this graduation design makes me develop a meticulous work method. Before do

26、ing homework always give a lick and a promise, didnt have a bit of patience, sitting in the stool is not an under the heart, always with a fickle attitude to treat their own thing, now, I can very calm, very serious has been able to carry on. This may be to do the course design for me to leave thing

27、s, this will be of great benefit to me later in the community. All in all, this design has made me a lot! thank you！ 轎車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)1引言驅(qū)動(dòng)橋處于動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系尾端，其基本功能是增加由傳動(dòng)軸或變速器傳來(lái)的轉(zhuǎn)矩，將動(dòng)力合理分配給左、右驅(qū)動(dòng)輪，且還承受作用路面和車架或車身之間的垂立、縱向力和橫力。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋由主減速器、差速器、車輪傳動(dòng)裝置和驅(qū)動(dòng)橋殼構(gòu)成。2驅(qū)動(dòng)橋驅(qū)動(dòng)橋處于動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)系尾端，其基本功能是增加由傳動(dòng)軸或變速器傳來(lái)的轉(zhuǎn)矩，將動(dòng)力合理分配給左、右驅(qū)動(dòng)輪，且還承受作用路面和車架或車身之

28、間的垂立、縱向力和橫力。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋由主減速器、差速器、車輪傳動(dòng)裝置和驅(qū)動(dòng)橋殼構(gòu)成。減速器是原動(dòng)機(jī)和工作機(jī)之間的獨(dú)立的閉式傳動(dòng)裝置，用來(lái)降低轉(zhuǎn)速和增大轉(zhuǎn)矩以滿足各種工作機(jī)械的需要。按照傳動(dòng)形式不同可分為齒輪減速器，蝸桿減速器和行星減速器；按照傳動(dòng)的級(jí)數(shù)可分為單機(jī)和多級(jí)減速器；按照傳動(dòng)的布置形勢(shì)又可分為展開式，分流式和同軸式減速器。齒輪減速器傳動(dòng)效率及可靠性高，工作壽命長(zhǎng)，維護(hù)簡(jiǎn)便，因而適用范圍很廣。2.1減速器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式主減速器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式是根據(jù)其齒輪的類型和主動(dòng)齒輪與從動(dòng)齒輪的安置方法與減速形式的不同而異。 2.1.1 主減速器的齒輪類型主減速器齒輪有弧齒錐齒輪類型，雙曲面齒輪類型，圓柱齒輪類型和蝸

29、輪蝸桿等形式。現(xiàn)今汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的主減速器齒輪基本采用螺旋錐齒輪。其在承受較高載荷時(shí)，工作夠平穩(wěn)，噪音較小，作用齒面上的接觸負(fù)荷也低。所以運(yùn)用單級(jí)錐齒輪。 2.1.2主減速器主動(dòng)，從動(dòng)錐齒輪的支承形式本此設(shè)計(jì)轎車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋，所以運(yùn)用懸臂式安裝。采用懸臂式安裝之時(shí)，保證齒輪的剛度，主動(dòng)齒軸頸應(yīng)加大，使二軸承之間的距離比懸臂的距離大至少2.5倍。3、差速器的設(shè)計(jì) 汽車在安全行使過(guò)程中，左右倆車輪在同一時(shí)間所滾過(guò)的路程往往是不相等的，左右兩輪胎內(nèi)的氣壓不相等、胎面磨損不均勻、兩車輪上的負(fù)荷不均勻而引起車輪滾動(dòng)半徑不符；左右兩輪接觸的路面條件不同，行使阻力不等，一方面會(huì)加劇輪胎磨損、功率和燃料消耗，另一方面也

30、會(huì)使轉(zhuǎn)向過(guò)于困難，通過(guò)性和操縱穩(wěn)定性變壞。因此，在驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的左右車輪間都裝有輪間差速器。 差速器是個(gè)差速傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)，用來(lái)在兩輸出軸間分配轉(zhuǎn)矩，并保證兩輸出軸有可能以不同的角速度轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，用來(lái)保證各驅(qū)動(dòng)輪在各種運(yùn)動(dòng)條件下的動(dòng)力傳遞，避免輪胎與地面間打滑。差速器按其結(jié)構(gòu)特征可分為齒輪式、凸輪式、蝸輪式和牙嵌自由輪式等多種形式。4.3半軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及材料與熱處理為使半軸的花鍵內(nèi)徑不小于桿部直徑，常將加工花鍵的端部做得略粗些，并且適當(dāng)?shù)販p小少花鍵槽的深度，花鍵齒數(shù)必須相應(yīng)地增加，通常取10齒(轎車半軸)至18齒(載貨汽車半軸)。半軸的破壞形式基本為扭轉(zhuǎn)疲勞破壞。重型車半軸的桿部較粗，外端突緣比較大，當(dāng)無(wú)較大鍛造設(shè)備時(shí)可以采用兩端均為花鍵聯(lián)接的半軸結(jié)構(gòu)，并且取相同花鍵參數(shù)來(lái)簡(jiǎn)化工藝。在現(xiàn)代的汽車半軸上，漸開線花鍵用得比較廣，但也是有采用矩形或梯形花鍵的結(jié)構(gòu)形式的。軸是組成機(jī)器的主要零件之