湖北省宜荊荊恩四地市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期起點(diǎn)考試英語試題

1、“宜荊荊恩”2023屆高三起點(diǎn)考試英語試卷命題單位：宜昌市教育科學(xué)研究院審題單位：荊門市教學(xué)研究室 恩施州教育科學(xué)研究院2022.9本試卷共12頁，共67題。本試卷滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。祝考試順利注意事項(xiàng)：1. 答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2. 選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3. 非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4. 考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡

2、一并上交。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15. 答案是C。1. What are the speakers talking about? A. The radio. B. The weath

3、er. C. The weekend. 2. Why does Lucy refuse the mans offer? A. She is very busy. B. She is poorly paid. C. She is unconfident. 3. What did Patrick do last Friday? A. He went out with a friend.B. He sold his old apartment.C. He moved to another place. 4. Which flight will the man take? A. 10：20. B. 1

4、1：00. C. 11：45. 5. What is Jennifer going to do? A. Start a business. B. Check her work. C. Buy some paper. 第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7題。6. Where does the conversation probably ta

5、ke place? A. At a bus stop. B. At an activity centre. C. At an information desk. 7. What will the man probably do? A. Buy a book. B. Go to a festival. C. Visit the woman. 聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8至第10題。8. Who are the speakers? A. A doctor and a patient.B. A teacher and a student.C. A salesman and a customer. 9.

6、What is probably the cause of the mans problems? A. He often overeats. B. He works too hard. C. He smokes heavily. 10. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Stop working and go on a vacation. B. Give up smoking as soon as possible. C. Change his diet and get some exercise. 聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第11至第13題。11.

7、 Who is Nat King Cole? A. A pop singer. B. A researcher. C. A bus driver. 12. What did the researchers study about bus drivers? A. Their health problems. B. Their facial expressions. C. Their working conditions. 13. What is proved harmful to the bus drivers health? A. Working overtime. B. Bad though

8、ts. C. Forced smiles. 聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第14至第17題。14. What has Professor Brown been busy with these days? A. Training teachers. B. Teaching students. C. Writing textbooks. 15. What does Professor Brown think about what he does? A. It is enjoyable. B. It is hard work. C. It is important. 16. At what age did P

9、rofessor Brown start to learn music? A. Three. B. Six. C. Twelve. 17. What is Professor Brown good at in terms of music? A. Playing the piano. B. Writing words to songs. C. Singing music pieces. 聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第18至第20題。18. What do the Hoffmans do for a living? A. They take up gardening. B. They sell vege

10、tables. C. They run a guesthouse. 19. How much direct sunshine do tomato plants actually need every day? A. Five hours. B. Eight hours. C. Twelve hours. 20. Why do Irish potatoes grow better in the shade? A. They have deeper roots.B. They have wider leaves.C. They have bigger flowers. 第二部分：閱讀理解（共20小

11、題，每小題2.5分，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。AThis is not a problem in Munich even if it is already the afternoon. The last light of the day can always be enjoyed. Here are four hiking tours for late risers and after-work athletes. Lets get out into nat

12、ure quickly. The Sundown TourWith a bit of luck, after 5 p. m. you will have the whole view to yourself. Lake Walchensee lies below, opposite is the Herzogstand mountain, with the red sun setting below it. If you are walking down the mountain in the dark, however, you should always have headlamps wi

13、th you, otherwise it will become too dangerous. The Quick TourSometimes the god stuff is so much closer than you think, on the Neureuth mountain, for example. The tour from the railway station in Tegermsee up to the mountain is comparably short and therefore suitable for all walkers who just want to

14、 stretch their legs after work has finished. The Railway TourThe greatest advantage of the Laber for late-in-the-day leisure walkers lies, however, in the mountain railway: its last trip down the mountain doesnt leave until between 4:30 p.m. and 5 p.m. So you do not need to worry whether you still h

15、ave enough time for the relaxing return journey. The Cycling TourWho says that people who like to take exercise later on in the day always have to walk? Even many Munich residents forget that, in addition to the river Isar, there is a river in the city which is just as beautiful. If you want to expl

16、ore the river and the associated Wurmtal valley, rent a bike and follow the shore from Pasing over Grafelfing and Gauting as far as Starnberg. 21. Which tour best suits a tourist who prefers doing light exercise?A. The Sundown Tour. B. The Quick Tour.C. The Railway Tour. D. The Cycling Tour. 22. Wha

17、t is needed to take the Cycling Tour?A. A headlamp. B. A guide. C. A mountain bike. D. A railway ticket. 23. What do the four tours have in common?A. Providing safety experience. B. Demanding a low budget. C. Covering rivers and valleys. D. Suiting after-work tourists. BMy daughter Eve used to love

18、the Lightning McQueen character from the film Cars. As a little baby she began to stop and smile every time she saw the character. She was happy when a relative bought her some Cars toys. I knew her interest in Cars had disappeared recently; shes developed new interests since starting school. But wh

19、en I found myself in a hurry to buy juice cartons（盒裝果汁）, and the choice was between Disney Princess or Cars cartons, I took the Cars ones. The next morning she saw a carton go into her lunch bag and took it out. She said it embarrassed her. She told me it was because Cars is boyish. When I said to h

20、er that I thought she liked Cars, she said, very quietly, “I do, but I dont want anyone to know. Eve says children should be able to like whatever they want to, but the pressure to behave like a girl has got to her. Children do understand the gendered messages they receive. They understand the gende

21、r rule This is for boys and that is for girls, in the same way as other kinds of social rules. The period between birth and age 7 is called The Imprint Period, because this is when children learn about everything around them. They accept much of it as true. Its one of the reasons gender-stereotyped（

22、性別刻板印象的）toys can be so damaging. From the moment they are born, children are expected to live up to expectations of what it means to be a boy or a girl. Its easy to see that they are influenced by the way toys are marketed. Children accept what their world tells them, so its necessary to change the

23、harmful stereotypes they are being sold. 24. Why did the author buy Cars cartons? A. She chose them only out of habit. B. She loved the characters in Cars. C. She had no choice but to take them. D. She tried to stimulate Eves interest. 25. Why did Eve take the carton out of her lunch bag? A. She wan

24、ted it stored by her mother. B. She disliked being the envy of others. C. She lost interest in the Cars carton. D. She didnt want to be laughed at by others. 26. What do kids tend to do during The Imprint Period? A. They learn how to tell right from wrong. B. They turn a blind eye to the surrounding

25、s. C. They can be easily affected by social rules. D. They care too much about others thoughts. 27. What would be the best title for the text? A. Let Toys Be Toys B. Girls Will Be GirlsC. Toys for Boys Only D. Let Rules Be RulesCThough its effects are not always visible to the human eye, plastic is

26、choking life on Earth. The process for manufacturing plastic worsens climate change, and the spreading of plastic in the environment has led to heartbreaking sights. Then there came a daydream: Can we create something that will consume it? A new study suggests that an enzyme（酶）which targets polyethy

27、lene terephthalate（PET）a widely-used substance found in a majority of consumer packaging products that contains 12 percent of all global wastecould make that scientific dream, which is also necessity, into a reality. The key ingredient was n natural enzyme known as PETase, according to the paper pub

28、lished in the scientific journal Nature. Using a machine learning model, scientists at the University of Texas figured out what changes would cause the enzyme to be able to quickly break down the targeted types of plastic waste. “It has been a well-explored problem in many industries, Hal AIper, a p

29、rofessor in Chemical Engineering, said, “Therefore, we feel that this part of the problem is easily achievable in a short period of time. The more challenging aspect will be making enzyme break down on a large scale with mixed plastics waste.”This was not the first effort to solve the plastic pollut

30、ion problem. In March 2016, Japanese researchers found a bacteria that would “eat the plastic until it turned into sludge（泥漿）. Last year, scientists at the University of Edinburgh announced that E. Coli, a common bacterium, could be used to change PET into a kind of material, which might be able to

31、be safely consumed by humans. Joanna Sadler, a biotechnology professor at the University of Edinburgh, characterized the new enzyme as the “fastest enzyme reported to date in terms of the speed of breaking down different plastics. This makes it a very promising technological development in the field

32、, and demonstrates the better adapted usage of this enzyme, Sadler said. 28. Whats the function of the first paragraph?A. To explain a unique phenomenon. B. To stimulate the readers curiosity. C. To analyze the cause of the situation. D. To provide some background information. 29. What is the challe

33、nging problem scientists are facing?A. Turning the scientific dream into a reality. B. Causing the enzyme to work more effectively. C. Putting a machine learning model into practice. D. Making the enzyme dissolve plastics massively. 30. Why are the examples mentioned in Paragraph 6?A. To evaluate th

34、e scientists previous efforts. B. To introduce some similar biological means. C. To prove the possibility of recycling plastics. D. To stress the importance of plastic-eating bacteria. 31. Which word best describes Sadlers attitude to the enzyme?A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Optimistic. D. Critical

35、. DIt has been known for some time that children are able to learn at breathtaking speed. But how does it work? Thats what researchers have now found out. Using an artificial intelligence tool and an eye-tracker that tracks the movements of a babys eyes, scientists from the Thunders Research Institu

36、te for Brain, Cognition（and Behavior investigated one of childrens greatest mysteries and came to a surprising conclusion. It may seem very different, but babies are certainly not lying around randomly. Babies dont explore the world by chance, with their eyes falling on it. Babies have a strategy if

37、 they want to understand the world. First, they look for those pieces of information that allow them to understand other information faster and more efficiently. On the contrary, if they see an object or event from which they can learn nothing further, they simply reject it. Only the information use

38、ful to them, they select,” says Dr Francesco Poli. That sounds easier, even for a baby, than done. Because how does a baby know what is important and what is not?Lets take a good example: learning to talk. What we see as always is that babies who are about to say their first word begin to investigat

39、e a few weeks before how to use their mouths to talk. Instead of looking at the eyes in faces, they study carefully for weeks the mouths of the people who talk to them. So they are in a constant state of maximum learning capacity!Babies build their knowledge. They are like little scientists who like

40、 to see their idea challenged. For example, they learn very quickly that objects fall down and dont just disappear. And this is why they love bubbles（泡沫）so much: they do float up and then disappear!”32. What is the surprising conclusion about children?A. They explore the world purposefully. B. They

41、are attracted to all information.C. They are breathtakingly fast learners. D. They possess exceptional intelligence. 33. What does the underlined word that in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Studying further. B. Observing the world. C. Learning strategically. D. Understanding information. 34. Why can bubble

42、s fascinate babies greatly? A. They make little scientists life colorful. B. They challenge babies existing cognition. C. They prove what babies have just learned. D. They float up quickly and dont just disappear. 35. Which word can best describe baby learners according to the author? A. Confident a

43、nd optimistic. B. Observant and capable. C. Consistent and persistent. D. Dynamic and responsible. 第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分l2.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Its a sunny afternoon, and my wife Barbara is at the park again, counting and recording the number of eggs laid by monarch butterflies.

44、 36 Nobody is Paying Barbara, but she considers herself lucky to be a “Citizen Scientist”. When volunteers participate as assistants in activities like these, they are engaging in citizen science, a valuable research technique. 37 Some of them are science teachers or students, but most are simply am

45、ateurs who enjoy spending time in nature. They also take pride in aiding scientists and indirectly helping to protect the environment. The movement they are involved in is not a new one. 38 One of the earliest projects of this type is the Christmas Bird Count, started by the National Audubon Society

46、 in 1900. And citizen science projects are developing more than ever. In formal studies, Professional scientists and other experts need to maintain the highest possible standards. 39 Some might argue that citizen scientists cannot maintain the necessary attention to detail, or that amateurs will mis

47、understand the context of the investigation and make mistake when collecting and organizing. In other words, can citizen science be considered truly reliable? 40 The first focused on volunteer knowledge and skills. In this study, a scientist asked volunteers to identify types of crabs. He found that

48、 almost all adult volunteers could perform the task well. The second study compared professional and non-professional methods. Both proved successful. Results like these suggest that research assisted by amateurs can be trusted when scientists organize it. A. Two recent studies show that it can. B.

49、In fact, its roots go back over a hundred years. C. It invites the public to assist in gathering information. D. The best citizen science projects are win-win situations. E. She was awarded the “Citizen Scientist which is a great honor. F. Their research must not only be thorough, but also objective

50、 and accurate. G. After collecting her data, shell share it with the professional scientist who hired her. 第三部分：英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。As a nurse, Fawcett jumps around from the emergency room to the COVID-19 units upstai

51、rs. The unique 41 has allowed her to see all aspects of the diseasefrom patients on their death beds to those 42 enough to recover. But her fellow nurses in the emergency room have been so 43 and helpless, who dont see any light at the end of this dark tunnel. “The patients are just 44 ,” the nurse

52、said. At a morning meeting, Fawcett decided to 45 what she witnessed with her fellow nurses. It really gives them a little 46 in their step. Fawcett has worked overtime since an old man was admitted. This man came in, looking very 47 . His wife was accompanying him,” she recalled, We cried together

53、and 48 together. I did not think he was going to make it.” However, the turning point came a week later. He had been taken off the ventilator（呼吸機(jī)）and was 49 . He was sitting in a chair, smiling at his wife! It was just 50 . The 51 has become a motivation for the nurses who struggle to keep up their

54、52 during growing pandemic（流行?。? They feel more 53 to everyone there because theyre all going through this war together. 54 the awesome death rate, they are firmly convinced that the pandemic will surely pass and everything will 55 be fine. 41. A. goal B. role C. habit D. desire42. A. fortunate B. c

55、ontent C. energetic D. grateful43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. embarrassed D. discouraged44. A. checking out B. settling down C. flooding in D. holding on45. A. share B. discuss C. compare D. match46. A. development B. encouragement C. commitment D. accomplishment47. A. strange B. confident C. brave

56、D. horrible48. A. shouted B. prayed C. argued D. complained49. A. returning B. struggling C. recovering D. progressing50. A. incredible B. irregular C. unreasonable D. unavoidable51. A. smile B. comfort C. optimism D. enthusiasm52. A. standard B. strength C. spirit D. pace53. A. exposed B. connected

57、 C. stuck D. locked54. A. Due to B. Apart from C. In spite of D. In contrast to55. A. typically B. probably C. apparently D. eventually第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Earlier this June, the Olympic Council of Asia announced that the 2022 Asian Games, 56 was originally sch

58、eduled for September in Hangzhou, would be postponed due to the pandemic situation. According to the Games organizing committee, all 56 competition venues and 31 training venues will be 57 （gradual）opened to the public from July 1. Sports centers with relatively low operation costs will provide free

59、 admission to their gymnasiums, squares, and track and field venues. Those 58 （design）to host competitionssuch as rowing, shooting and cycling -will hire professional teams to run the venues and maintain facilities. It 59 （anticipate）that these venues will offer sports-related experience activities

60、to the public. Venues located in universities will stage 60 （variety）of sports events, improving their utilization（使用）beyond their daily use in students education. The committee has promised to open venues 61 a controlled and orderly manner as it tries to protect and maintain the quality of the faci