Arteries動(dòng)脈培訓(xùn)課件

1、Arteries 動(dòng)脈CharacteristicsSymmetry 對(duì)稱In the trunk of the body consist parietal and visceral branches 壁支和臟支Shortest possible courseRun on flexor surfacesUsually do not pass directly through muscles, avoiding compressionTogether with the veins and nerves in a sheath of fascia to form neurovascular bun

2、dle 血管神經(jīng)束Arteries 動(dòng)脈CharacteristicsArteries of pulmonary circulationPulmonary trunk 肺動(dòng)脈干Arises from right ventricle Runs up, back ,and to the leftBifurcates inferior to aortic arch into right and left pulmonary arteries左、右肺動(dòng)脈, one for each lung Arterial ligament 動(dòng)脈韌帶 Remnant of ductus arteriosus動(dòng)脈導(dǎo)管

3、A fibrous band that connects bifurcation of pulmonary trunk with inferior border of aortic archArteries of pulmonary circulatPulmonary ArteryAortaPatent Ductus ArteriosusPulmonary ArteryAortaPatent DuArteries of systemic circulation 體循環(huán)的動(dòng)脈Arteries of systemic circulati Aorta 主動(dòng)脈 Ascending aorta 升主動(dòng)脈

4、Aortic arch 主動(dòng)脈弓lower border of T4 vertebraAbdominal aorta 腹主動(dòng)脈lower border of L4 vertebra Common iliac a. 髂總動(dòng)脈second right sternocostal jointThoracic aorta 胸主動(dòng)脈at level of T12 vertebra 升主動(dòng)脈主動(dòng)脈弓胸主動(dòng)脈腹主動(dòng)脈髂總動(dòng)脈 Aorta 主動(dòng)脈Ascending aorta 升主升主動(dòng)脈主動(dòng)脈弓胸主動(dòng)脈腹主動(dòng)脈頸總動(dòng)脈鎖骨下動(dòng)脈髂外動(dòng)脈髂內(nèi)動(dòng)脈髂總動(dòng)脈頭臂干升主動(dòng)脈主動(dòng)脈弓胸主動(dòng)脈腹主動(dòng)脈頸總動(dòng)脈鎖骨下動(dòng)脈髂

5、外動(dòng)脈髂Ascending aorta 升主動(dòng)脈Arises from left ventricle Runs upward, forward and to the rightExtends to level of right second sternocostal joint BranchesRight coronary artery右冠狀動(dòng)脈Left coronary artery左冠狀動(dòng)脈Ascending aorta 升主動(dòng)脈Arises frAortic arch 主動(dòng)脈弓Continuation of ascending aortaCurves upward, to the lef

6、t and posteriorly, then downward, arching over left principal bronchus and pulmonary trunk to lower border of T4 level, and becomes thoracic aorta Branches (from right to left )Brachiocephalic trunk 頭臂干Right common carotid A 右頸總動(dòng)脈Right subclavian A 右鎖骨下動(dòng)脈Left common carotid A 左頸總動(dòng)脈Left subclavian A

7、左鎖骨下動(dòng)脈Aortic glomera 主動(dòng)脈小球chemoreceptorAortic isthmus主動(dòng)脈峽Baroreceptor Aortic arch 主動(dòng)脈弓Continuation oCommon carotid a. 頸總動(dòng)脈 Origin (arises from)Right：Brachiocephalic trunk Left：Aortic arch Ascends in neck to upper border of thyroid cartilage BranchesInternal carotid artery 頸內(nèi)動(dòng)脈External carotid artery

8、 頸外動(dòng)脈Common carotid a. 頸總動(dòng)脈 OrigiCommon carotid a. 頸總動(dòng)脈 Carotid sinus 頸動(dòng)脈竇Located at a localizes dilation of terminal part of common carotid artery and beginning of internal carotid arterySensitive to blood pressure changes (baroreceptor) Carotid glomus 頸動(dòng)脈小球Lies posterior to the point of bifurcatio

9、n of common carotid arterySenses changes in blood carbon dioxide (oxygen) levels (chemoreceptor) Carotid sinusCarotid glomusCommon carotid a. 頸總動(dòng)脈 Carot頸外動(dòng)脈external Carotid A.Superior thyroid a. 甲狀腺上動(dòng)脈 Descends to supply upper pole of thyroid gland and larynxLingual a. 舌動(dòng)脈Facial a. 面動(dòng)脈Loops around m

10、andible (where it is palpable), at anterior border of masseter, to enter the faceOccipital a. 枕動(dòng)脈Posterior auricular a. 耳后動(dòng)脈Maxillary a. 上頜動(dòng)脈Middle meningeal artery 腦膜中動(dòng)脈Superficial temporal a. 顳淺動(dòng)脈顳淺動(dòng)脈腦膜中動(dòng)脈 枕動(dòng)脈 上頜動(dòng)脈甲狀腺甲狀腺上動(dòng)脈 面動(dòng)脈舌動(dòng)脈頸外動(dòng)脈external Carotid A.SuperiSubclavian artery 鎖骨下動(dòng)脈 Origin (arises

11、from)Right：Brachiocephalic trunkLeft：Aortic arch Becomes axillary artery at lateral border of first rib BranchesInternal thoracic a. 胸廓內(nèi)動(dòng)脈Vertebral a. 椎動(dòng)脈Thyrocervical trunk 甲狀頸干Inferior thyroid artery 甲狀腺下動(dòng)脈Superascapular a. 肩胛上動(dòng)脈Costocervical trunk 肋頸干Subclavian artery 鎖骨下動(dòng)脈 OrigSubclavian artery

12、鎖骨下動(dòng)脈Subclavian artery 鎖骨下動(dòng)脈Axillary artery 腋動(dòng)脈 Continuation of subclavian artery at lateral border of first rib, Becomes brachial artery at lower border of teres majorBranchesThoracoacromial a. 胸肩峰動(dòng)脈Lateral thoracic a. 胸外側(cè)動(dòng)脈Subscapular a. 肩胛下動(dòng)脈Throcodorsal a. 胸背動(dòng)脈 Circumflex scapular a. 旋肩胛動(dòng)脈Anteri

13、or humeral circumflex a. 旋肱前動(dòng)脈Posterior humeral circumflex a. 旋肱后動(dòng)脈Axillary artery 腋動(dòng)脈 ContinuatAxillary artery 腋動(dòng)脈Axillary artery 腋動(dòng)脈Brachial artery 肱動(dòng)脈 Continuation of axillary artery at lower border of teres major. Divides into radial and ulnar arteries at level of neck of radiusBranches Radial a

14、rtery 橈動(dòng)脈Ulnar artery 尺動(dòng)脈Deep brachial a. 肱深動(dòng)脈 Superior ulnar collaeral a. 尺側(cè)上副動(dòng)脈Inferior ulnar collateral a. 尺側(cè)下副動(dòng)脈Brachial artery 肱動(dòng)脈 ContinuatBrachial artery 肱動(dòng)脈Deep brachial a. 肱深動(dòng)脈brachial a. 肱動(dòng)脈Radial artery 橈動(dòng)脈Ulnar artery 尺動(dòng)脈Brachial artery 肱動(dòng)脈Deep brachiRadial artery 橈動(dòng)脈Course: at the neck

15、of the radius in the cubital fossa, passes downward and laterally Branches Superfical palmar branch 掌淺支Principal artery of thumb 拇主要?jiǎng)用}Radial recurent branch 橈側(cè)返動(dòng)脈Radial artery 橈動(dòng)脈Course: at thUlnar artery 尺動(dòng)脈Course: at the neck of the radius in the cubital fossa passes downward and medially Branches

16、Common interosseous artery 骨間總動(dòng)脈anterior interossous a. 骨間前動(dòng)脈posterior interosseous a. 骨間后動(dòng)脈Deep palmar branch 掌深支Ulnar artery 尺動(dòng)脈Course: at tArteries動(dòng)脈培訓(xùn)課件Superficial palmar arch 掌淺弓 Formed by ulnar artery尺動(dòng)脈 and superficial palmar branch of radial artery橈動(dòng)脈掌淺支Branchescommon palmar digital arteries

17、 指掌側(cè)總動(dòng)脈（3）proper palmar digital arteries指掌側(cè)固有 動(dòng)脈ulnar palmar artery of little finger小指尺掌側(cè)動(dòng)脈Superficial palmar arch 掌淺弓Deep palmar arch 掌深弓 Formed by radial artery橈動(dòng)脈and deep palmar branch of ulnar artery尺動(dòng)脈掌深支Branchespalmar metacarpal arteries 掌心動(dòng)脈（3）Deep palmar arch 掌深弓 Formed bVisualizing the posi

18、tion of the superficial and deep palmar archesThe curve of superficial palmar arch lies at the level of middle of the metacarpal bone The curve of deep palmar arch lies across the carpometacarpal jointVisualizing the position of thThoracic aorta 胸主動(dòng)脈 Course Continuation of aortic arch at lower borde

19、r of T4Passes through aortic hiatus of diaphragm at level of T12 vertebra to enter abdominal cavityMain branches Parietal branchesPosterior intercostals arteries 肋間后動(dòng)脈subcostal artery 肋下動(dòng)脈 Superior phrenic arteries 膈上動(dòng)脈 Visceral branchesBronchial branches 支氣管支 Esophageal branches 食管支Pericardial bran

20、ches 心包支Thoracic aorta 胸主動(dòng)脈 Course Thoracic aorta 胸主動(dòng)脈Thoracic aorta 胸主動(dòng)脈Abdominal aorta 腹主動(dòng)脈 Continuation of thoracic aorta at aortic hiatus of diaphragm in front of T12 Terminates at lower border of L4 vertebra by dividing into right and left common iliac arteries Gives off two groups of branches

21、Parietal branches 壁支Visceral branches臟支pairedunpairedAbdominal aorta 腹主動(dòng)脈 ContinuaAbdominal aorta 腹主動(dòng)脈Parietal branchesInferior phrenic a. 膈下動(dòng)脈 (one pair)superior suprarenal artery 腎上腺上動(dòng)脈Lumbar a. 腰動(dòng)脈(four pairs) supply the posterior abdominal wallMedian sacral a. 骶正中動(dòng)脈 Abdominal aorta 腹主動(dòng)脈Parietal

22、bAbdominal aorta 腹主動(dòng)脈 Visceral branches-PairedMiddle suprarenal artery 腎上腺中動(dòng)脈Renal artery 腎動(dòng)脈inferior suprarenal artery 腎上腺下動(dòng)脈Testicular (ovarian) artery 睪丸（卵巢）動(dòng)脈Abdominal aorta 腹主動(dòng)脈 VisceralTesticular (ovarian) arterySuperior suprarenal a.Middle suprarenal a.Inferior suprarenal a.Renal a.Accessory

23、renal a.Subphrenic a.Testicular (ovarian) arterySupAbdominal aorta 腹主動(dòng)脈 Visceral branches-UnpairedCeliac trunk 腹腔干 A short large artery that arises from the front of aorta as it emerges through the diaphragm. Superior mesenteric a. 腸系膜上動(dòng)脈Arises from the front of aorta, at the level of L1Inferior mes

24、enteric a. 腸系膜下動(dòng)脈 Arises from the front of aorta, at level of L3Celiac trunkSuperior mesenteric a.Inferior mesenteric a.Abdominal aorta 腹主動(dòng)脈 VisceralCeliac trunk 腹腔干Superior mesenteric a. 腸系膜上動(dòng)脈Inferior mesenteric a. 腸系膜下動(dòng)脈Celiac trunk 腹腔干Superior mesen Celiac trunk 腹腔干A short large artery that aris

25、es from the front of aorta as it emerges through the diaphragmBranches Left gastric artery 胃左動(dòng)脈 Common hepatic artery 肝總動(dòng)脈Splenic artery 脾動(dòng)脈Left gastric arteryCommon hepatic arterySplenic artery Celiac trunk 腹腔干A short larg Celiac trunk 腹腔干Branches Left gastric artery 胃左動(dòng)脈Runs alone the lesser curva

26、ture of stomach Celiac trunk 腹腔干Branches Celiac trunk 腹腔干Splenic artery 脾動(dòng)脈pancreatic branches 胰支 left gastrioeploic artery 胃網(wǎng)膜左動(dòng)脈short gastric arteries 胃短動(dòng)脈posterior gastric artery 胃后動(dòng)脈splenic branches脾支 Celiac trunk 腹腔干Splenic arte Celiac trunk 腹腔干Branches Common hepatic A. 肝總動(dòng)脈Proper hepatic a. 肝

27、固有動(dòng)脈right gastric artery 胃右動(dòng)脈left branch right branch cystic artery 膽囊動(dòng)脈Gastroduodenal a.胃十二指腸動(dòng)脈right gastroepiploic artery 胃網(wǎng)膜右動(dòng)脈superior pancreaticoduodenal artery 胰十二指腸上動(dòng)脈 Celiac trunk 腹腔干Branches GasCeliac trunk Celiac trunk Left gastric a.Common hepatic a.Splenic a.Gastroduodenal a.Proper hepat

28、ic a.Right gastric a.Left branchRight branchCystic a. Short gastric a. Left gastroepiploic a.Right gastroepiploic a.Superior pancreaticoduodenal a.Splenic branches Celiac trunk Left gastric a.CommonSplenic a Superior mesenteric a.腸系膜上動(dòng)脈 Branches Inferior pancreaticodudenal artery 胰十二指腸下動(dòng)脈Jejunal and

29、 ileal arteries (13-18) 空腸和回腸動(dòng)脈Ileocolic artery 回結(jié)腸動(dòng)脈 appendicular artery 闌尾動(dòng)脈Right colic artery 右結(jié)腸動(dòng)脈Middle colic artery 中結(jié)腸動(dòng)脈 Superior mesenteric a.腸系膜上動(dòng)脈Superior mesenteric a. Inf. pancreaticodudenal a.Jejunal and ileal a.Ileocolic a.Appendicular a.Right colic a.Middle colic a. Superior Mesenteri

30、c v.Superior Inf. pancreaticoduden Inferior mesenteric a. 腸系膜下動(dòng)脈 BranchesLeft colic artery 左結(jié)腸動(dòng)脈Sigmoid arteries 乙狀結(jié)腸Superior rectal artery 直腸上動(dòng)脈 Inferior mesenteric a. 腸系膜下動(dòng)Inferior mesenteric a.Left colic a.Sigmoid a.Superior rectal a. Inferior mesenteric v.Inferior mesenteric a.Left colIleocolic

31、artery 回結(jié)腸動(dòng)脈appendicular artery 闌尾動(dòng)脈colic marginal artery 結(jié)腸緣動(dòng)脈Ileocolic artery 回結(jié)腸動(dòng)脈appendicCommon iliac artery 髂總動(dòng)脈Continuation of abdominal aorta at level of L4 vertebra Run downward and laterally to end opposite the sacroiliac joint by dividing into internal and external iliac arteries. （髂內(nèi)動(dòng)脈和髂外

32、動(dòng)脈）Common iliac artery 髂總動(dòng)脈ContinInternal iliac artery 髂內(nèi)動(dòng)脈Parietal branchesObturator a. 閉孔動(dòng)脈Superior gluteal a. 臀上動(dòng)脈 Inferior gluteal a. 臀下動(dòng)脈 Iliolumber a. 髂腰動(dòng)脈Lateral sacral a. 骶外側(cè)動(dòng)脈臀上動(dòng)脈 臀下動(dòng)脈 閉孔動(dòng)脈髂內(nèi)動(dòng)脈髂腰動(dòng)脈骶外側(cè)動(dòng)脈臀上動(dòng)脈 臀下動(dòng)脈 Internal iliac artery 髂內(nèi)動(dòng)脈PariInternal iliac artery 髂內(nèi)動(dòng)脈Visceral branches Umbil

33、ical a. 臍動(dòng)脈 superior vesical a. 膀胱上動(dòng)脈Inferior vesical a. 膀胱下動(dòng)脈Uterine a. 子宮動(dòng)脈Inferior rectal a. 直腸下動(dòng)脈Internal pudendal a. 陰部?jī)?nèi)動(dòng)脈 髂內(nèi)動(dòng)脈 陰部?jī)?nèi)動(dòng)脈 直腸下動(dòng)脈 子宮動(dòng)脈 膀胱上動(dòng)脈 臍動(dòng)脈膀胱下動(dòng)脈 Internal iliac artery 髂內(nèi)動(dòng)脈ViscInternal iliac artery 髂內(nèi)動(dòng)脈Uterine a. 子宮動(dòng)脈 About 2cm from neck of uterus it crosses above and in front of

34、ureter小橋流水Internal iliac artery 髂內(nèi)動(dòng)脈UterInternal iliac artery 髂內(nèi)動(dòng)脈Internal pudendal artery 陰部?jī)?nèi)動(dòng)脈 CourseLeaves the pelvis through the infrapiriform foramen and enters the gluteal regionIt enters the perineum through the lesser sciatic foramen and then passes forward in the pudendal canal with the pud

35、endal nerve BranchesAnal artery 肛動(dòng)脈Perineal artery 會(huì)陰動(dòng)脈Dorsal artery of penis (clitoris) 陰莖（蒂）背動(dòng)脈 Internal iliac artery 髂內(nèi)動(dòng)脈InteArteries動(dòng)脈培訓(xùn)課件Arteries動(dòng)脈培訓(xùn)課件External iliac artery 髂外動(dòng)脈Branches Inferior epigastric artery 腹壁下動(dòng)脈Deep iliac circumflex artery旋髂深動(dòng)脈 External iliac artery 髂外動(dòng)脈BranFemoral a. 股動(dòng)

36、脈Continuation of the external iliac a. Begins midpoint of inguinal ligamentEnds at the adductor tendinous opening by entering the popliteal fossa as the popliteal artery腘動(dòng)脈股動(dòng)脈 股深動(dòng)脈 Femoral a. 股動(dòng)脈Continuation ofFemoral a. 股動(dòng)脈Principal branch Deep femoral a. 股深動(dòng)脈 Arises from the posterolateral surface of the femoral artery about 2-5 cm below the inguinal ligament. Branches Medial femoral circumflex a. 旋股內(nèi)側(cè)動(dòng)脈lateral femoral circumflex a. 旋股外側(cè)動(dòng)脈Fou