(完整版)有機(jī)化學(xué)題庫(kù)-合成

CC6H5C=CCH3■液NHH、.C—CCH3「＞血語(yǔ)Ti徵QHBrUlkOH㈣CHjCHjCHO無(wú)水時(shí)OB爭(zhēng)"CHjCHjCHCH,￡134*ch3ch3cch3dQHBrUlkOH㈣CHjCHjCHO無(wú)水時(shí)OB爭(zhēng)"CHjCHjCHCH,￡134*ch3ch3cch3d_XgH「H1OHtiQH*CH’CMHrOCH/'H!14-uysri?(V)2CIC^CH^HOCHQHOJHzCHQCH.=CHOCH=CH,OH*MCH.CCH.囂靜岸(CHJ.COH旦(CHjC=CH3秣:爲(wèi):氣(CHJ.C-CH:H*"t)，‘5-53由苯酚山發(fā)昔成下列化合物.>Br(1)

>Br(1)CHjCH=CHj5-54用甲苯.1-甲基荼及其他必栗的有機(jī)，無(wú)機(jī)試劑合成.【解】CHCHjCHO,CHjHrC]OHClCH-CHjCHjCrCjGH]CQOHClC?OCHJCHJ(11)ch3^-3Fc-CHS（與鄰世分畫(huà)）CaCO.BrOHH,O—■—BrHCHCHjCH,oIICHjKgl5-55試用合送的原料合成下列牝會(huì)物.LLOHf解】〔i)CH,CHSCHO+3HCHO牝音輛(i)(ii)(CH31CHCHO^HCHO^*41u■■(iii)2(CH^CHCHO―北臺(tái)樹(shù)Oji)

5-56用指定原料及嘅嬰的試劑舍成下列北合物.-CHCOOH從CHO舎成H￡(i)JACH3eH=CH3-CHCOOH從CHO舎成H￡〔呵OH【解】從CH1CH3CHO#^T5tSOII從CHjCCH^C^COOH舍應(yīng)HU(iv)從臺(tái)盛q(Vi)HOfCH^.CGOM舍成垃匕g(i)GH3CH二兀爲(wèi)蟲(chóng)型CH^CHCHaBr星空罟CHjCHChjCOOHOHOHOHCHO^i-H^COHI-CHCOOH5-57由五碳醇取及必要的試揃合成下列化合物.[1>[1>CHXCH^CHBrCHjBrCH*(訶€H占CH￡WC冋(町CH/CHJ^COOH(viiJCH^CHj^COOHch3(11)CHf：HjCH^CHjCHCOOH(iv>CHjJCHJJXXXJHi>i>CH^CHjCOOH(viii)CH/M.CHCHCOOCH}HjCOBfMl(i}CH^CHjCHiCH^HjOH^?CH1CH1CHiCM±CH^r-^i^^5cH應(yīng)=CH呂CH^CHjCHiCHjCHjCHCHa^CHjCHjCHpi/TH^HBrCHirGOm*1GOm*1(ii)CHjCHjCHjCHjCHjOH?CH^CHjCH/^ijCHO蘭劃OTOHOHOTOHH(Lil)生(CH』呼H艮OOH出電(CHJjCHCMrOOC^j■OH■H(iv)CH竺穢詁CHjQTQHjBQI閉eB「竺軍器皿CHgHQda理為竺靜CH^-WOH

由(計(jì))得CH』CH】hOH更卑CHgHd站三%寶上牟CH/CHJ心巴CHtOH無(wú)ZrCalH斗CHjtCH^OOHCHjCH^HCHlCHj-^-CHjCH^CHCHjCH,ch3ch:coohOH(vii)由(vii)由(i)得CH3(CHJ4C=CHBrCHjCHQQN—1——??m■CH^CH^=CCH?CHjCH2CNCH3(CHAC=C(CHJ.COOHB4t?|2H7rCH^CH^COOH(viii)CH￡H[CH=CHCHQE{^川：CHjCHjCH=CHCOOHCHjCH3CHYHCOOCH]CHjCH3CHYHCOOCH]IIH.COBr5-58l諸用不赭過(guò)5個(gè)碟麻子的酸或酸肝及必要的試劑合成.OI(i)(CH3)1CCOCH1CHaCHaJII(vi)CHjCMpCCH^CHJII(vi)CHjCMpCCH^CHjCH3COCH,CH3CH￡H’(lii)CH^jCHjCH.CO(v)CHjCOCHCHjCHj【解】(i)(CH,)tCCOH竺乂{CH.).COT“心嘰叫佬日朋&疋町陽(yáng)心比O0OCH3CH3COHch3CH3CCJ(細(xì)亠“巳CH,C比COC(CHJ,uoaPCI]|HOT1iil|CH^HjCTHjCOH―CH.CHjCHjCCICH3CH1CH3COC(1H3OQII|JaOH(iv)CH.CH^H竺習(xí)CH^HjCONa》?*CH,CH3COCHa5-590嚴(yán)O(v)(Ch￡oCHjCHCH何lCHjCOCHCHjCHjCHa/CHfCOOH(vi)CH:^CH.COOHO??紹叭;Hf弐出丄CH直CH*井理/一COCjH^—OOfCH^CHju用指定原料及血宴的試刑合成.⑴從￥CHjCH.CNHCH!(iii)從兩亍篠化合物含磋CH,CH￡比CNHC他CH、CONHj(iv)從弗個(gè)碳牝合鉤合成CHjCHCH】CH]【解】0PCI0PCICHjCHjCMiCOHd￥:SCHOCH縷-CH]CH=CHCHO孝◎11切空尸H召66宓』冊(cè)6￡出(扣)CK.CH^sBr呈器竽CH.CH^HCHj匸OOHHBtMbBiKjOI—融T亠宙ch^chch.CONH]洱竺CH,CH晶5-60從揺定原料合成純凈的揩定產(chǎn)物.NH2從戊二融合成谷粗酸(HOOC^HCHiCHiCJlXlH),/化(ii)從(S)~2^(ii)從(S)~2^\CH㈣A(5)-2-氯丁烷HHOH\_ir?3CH1QOH

」.QCHoCH.OHHL：

日3CHj4"hGHjCHj嚴(yán)HOOCCHCHjCH&OOHCHj-I—H5-61從苯■不超過(guò)5個(gè)琥的有機(jī)物及其他婚要試剤通過(guò)還原氨（戰(zhàn)）化方潔合咸?⑴CHiCHtNCHiNgH仙CH3CHaCHCH2CHrNH?CH,(iv)(CH1CHlCH3CHICH^iNCHj（V）（V）NH.1'CHCHj2HCHC【解】Ci）co+aaAia,r(?liCLra(ii)CH.NHCH.CHj蘭忌rfi,H：CH,NO,2WCOOH,△CH.CHiM~-JK-°B'-CHjCHjCtiCHiCHjOH-cGHjCHsCHCH^H-OCH:nh3I亦花CH.CH^HCH.CH^H.frv〕frv〕2CH，C%CHtCH￡HO十NH工竺用NhHj(CH>CH3CH1CH1CHJ)lNHHOQOH,AHCHO(CH+CH’CHrCH’CHJrNCH占llCH/7a-rAJC1,0CCH]oIEKQNH.-—■—+-NHj應(yīng)用重氮化反甌由甲苯制魯鄰甲苯甲踽?井寫(xiě)岀重輒基轉(zhuǎn)變成輒基這一步的反應(yīng)機(jī)堪【解】合成:NO,Ft/HCI?㈣^^N=NCuCNKCN反應(yīng)機(jī)理:CH,N：+CuCNCuCNCN'+Ni+Cu(CN)ICH,CN+CUCN3CN*5-63以苯和甲苯為羸料，制備下列化合物’⑴^Ly^z^~co<)HNnOH■■CHO5-64由乙St乙駐乙闕.指定化合樹(shù)及疊硬試擁合成.(10(i)由o合成由苯，不超過(guò)2個(gè)碳的化合物合嵐(iii)由不超過(guò)3個(gè)無(wú)的化合狗臺(tái)感(CM^(CM^由丙烯醴乙醋及前一訊合戰(zhàn)由華、不超過(guò)4十磧的化合雷合成yo[ft](i)ch/chKogh,oS￡￡^l粵CHjCCHCOOCfHjch3HCHOJCHOibH0Ct^NtCHiNkQH-Hipco旳?AlCl}Qi(XACHiCOClAJOto=cPbCH-CHCOFbo=cCOOCaHsCtH/JNi■ph<H0J?0^01=5chX^oc已咤t注人人空竺Acooc”o(N)CHjCCHjCOOCjHjNaOHH*h2ort?H<rjH牛.CHjCCHjCHjCHiCQOC冋-CU1COOQH,

nCHjCCB^CHjCHiCOOCjHsH+GO八2\丿CH.CCH^jCHjCHO磊CJH^CCHjCHhCH甲r~1HFOHOHNaOHo(v)CH/cH￡OOCjH」叫叩哼叭霽AHT5-65從指定原料出發(fā)，用必要的試劑合成下列化合物*(J)從苯甲酸乙酸及不超過(guò)3個(gè)礙的化合物夸成(ii)從乙灘乙酸乙醋及甲苯會(huì)戰(zhàn)COOC(J)從苯甲酸乙酸及不超過(guò)3個(gè)礙的化合物夸成(ii)從乙灘乙酸乙醋及甲苯會(huì)戰(zhàn)COOCaHs(心臟病斷己痛定).NHCHtCOOC.H,HjCjOOCOQNHCHtCOOC.H,HjCjOOCOQTOC\o"1-5"\h\zO0■IIII【解】（i）CHjCQH+C^OHCHjCC^jBjOO2C#H?OTCaH}4-2CHJCOCJHJ少心叫MnOtCHO5-66從播罡原料及必要試粥合成下列化合物.(i)從厲丁烯二製肝及眺合盛C$(iii)2"-腐二酸及HJR合底【解】(iv)從苯乙酸乙酩及腮臺(tái)曲0(V)從2,4-崩二嘉公巫合感(vi)從丙二孽二乙蘭合成QH0H/CHO(?)5"■COCHOO(iil)CHjCCH^CHjH.NCNH.C^M^NaCjM.ONaK.MnQ.44)oIIGHjCO