2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-通用考博英語(yǔ)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)22

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-通用考博英語(yǔ)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

（）peoplewhofindmeaningintheirworkaregenerally—productive,supportivecoworkersandpromoteworkplaceharmony.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Self-important

B.Self-declared

C.Self-conscious

D.Self-motivated

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。self-important“妄自尊大的，高傲的”；self-declared“自命的，自稱(chēng)的”；self-conscious“自覺(jué)的，自發(fā)的”；self-motivated“自我激勵(lì)的，有上進(jìn)心的”。句意：有上進(jìn)心的人往往能在工作中找到意義，他們通常富有創(chuàng)造力，樂(lè)于幫助同事，營(yíng)造和諧的工作氛圍。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.問(wèn)答題

Therearearound200,000youngpeoplebetweentheagesof11and15smokeintheUK.Itis

A

estimatedthataround20%ofthembuytheircigarettesfromvendingmachines;itavoidsthe

B

C

problemsofface-to-facecontactandtheneedforproofofage.Therewillbeareviewof

vendingmachineswiththepossibilityofpeoplehavingtobuytokenstousethemachines.

D

【答案】試題答案：A;smoking

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。Therebe句型中已包含謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞are，故此處用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。

3.單選題

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theywereproudoftheircuisine.

B.Theywereparticularaboutfood.

C.Theywereallgoodatcooking.

D.Theywerefondofbaconandeggs.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Hisparents.

B.Hisparents’friends.

C.Hisfriends.

D.Hisschoolmates.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Nooneofthegroupateit.

B.Itwasalittleovercooked.

C.Noteawasservedwiththemeal.

D.ItwastherealEnglishbreakfast.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itwasfullofexcitement.

B.Itwasratherdisappointing.

C.Itwasariskyexperience.

D.Itwasreallyextraordinary.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】ConversationOne

M:Guesswhat?TheworstfoodIeverhadwasinFrance.

W:Really?That’sodd.[1]IthoughttheFrenchwereallgoodcooks.

M:Yes,that’sright.Isupposeit’sreallylikeanywhereelsethough.Youknow,someplacesaregood,somebad.Butit’sreallyallourownfault.

W:Whatdoyoumean?

M:Well,itwasthefirsttimeI’dbeentoFrance.ThiswasyearsagowhenIwasatschool.[2]Iwenttherewithmyparents’friendsfrommyfather’sschool.TheyhiredacoachtotakethemtoSwitzerland.

W:Aschooltrip?

M:Right.Mostofthemhadneverbeenabroadbefore.We’dcrossedtheEnglishChannelatnightandwesetoffthroughFranceandbreakfasttimearrived,andthecoachdriverhadarrangedforustostopatthislittlecafe.Thereweallweretiredandhungryandthenwemadeagreatdiscovery.

W:Whatwasthat?

M:Baconandeggs.

W:Fantastic!TherealEnglishbreakfast.

M:Yes,anywaywedidn’tknowanybetter—sowehadit,andugh…!

W:Whatwasitlike?Disgusting?

M:Ah,itwasincredible.Theyjustgotabowlandputsomefatinit.Andthentheyputsomebaconinthefat,brokeaneggoverthetopandputthewholelotintheovenforabouttenminutes.

W:Intheoven?You’rejoking.Youcan’tcookbaconandeggsintheoven!

M:Well,theymusthavedoneitthatway.Itwashot,butitwasn’tcooked.Therewasjustthiseggfloatingaboutingallonsoffatandrawbacon.

W:[3]Didyouactuallyeatit?

M:[3]No,nobodydid.Theyallwantedtoturnroundandgohome.Youknow,backtoteabagsandfishandchips.Youcan’tblamethemreally.Anyway,thenextnightwewereallgivenanotherforeignspeciality.

W:Whatwasthat?

M:[4]Snails——thatreallyfinishedthemoff.Lovelyholidaythatwas!

1.WhatdidthewomanthinkoftheFrench?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)女士認(rèn)為法國(guó)人怎么樣？錄音開(kāi)頭，男士對(duì)女士說(shuō)他吃過(guò)最糟糕的食物是在法國(guó)，女士聽(tīng)后表示驚訝，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為法國(guó)人都是很好的廚師。C選項(xiàng)“法國(guó)人都很擅長(zhǎng)烹飪食物”是對(duì)錄音原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)自家的烹飪感到自豪”；B選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)食物很講究”和D選項(xiàng)“他們喜歡培根和雞蛋”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此可排除。

2.WhodidthemantravelwithonhisfirsttriptoSwitzerland?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)男士第一次去瑞士的時(shí)候是和誰(shuí)一起去的？錄音中提及男士第一次去法國(guó)是跟隨他父母的朋友一起去的。因此B選項(xiàng)“他父母的朋友”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他的父母”和C選項(xiàng)“他的明友”均是利用錄音中個(gè)別字詞斷章取義；D選項(xiàng)“他的同學(xué)”是利用錄音中的whenIwasatschool設(shè)置的干擾項(xiàng)，也可排除。

3.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthebreakfastatthelittleFrenchcafe?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于法國(guó)小咖啡館的早餐，男士說(shuō)了些什么？男士描述了那家法國(guó)小咖啡館如何烹飪培根和雞蛋后，女士問(wèn)男士到底有沒(méi)有吃上這道菜，男士馬上說(shuō)沒(méi)有人愿意吃。因此A選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有人吃它”正確。B選項(xiàng)“它煮得有點(diǎn)久”在錄音中并沒(méi)有提及；C選項(xiàng)“用餐時(shí)沒(méi)有配上茶水”只是利用錄音中的teabags作干擾，錄音中并沒(méi)有提及是否配有茶水，因此可排除；D選項(xiàng)“它是真正的英式早餐”，在錄音中確實(shí)有出現(xiàn)，但這是女士的觀點(diǎn)并不是男士提出來(lái)的，不符合題意，因此也可排除。

4.WhatdidthemanthinkofhisholidayinFrance?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)男士認(rèn)為他在法國(guó)的假期怎么樣？在錄音的最后，男士感嘆道：“真是個(gè)美好的假期??！”但是根據(jù)前面錄音男士對(duì)那次法國(guó)之旅的一系列描述來(lái)看，那個(gè)假期給他留下的印象并不是很好。由此可知，他最后說(shuō)的那句實(shí)際上是反話。因此，B選項(xiàng)“它相當(dāng)令人失望”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它實(shí)在令人興奮”；C選項(xiàng)“它是一個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷”和D選項(xiàng)“它真的很特別”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此排除。

4.單選題

Asarule,（

）hightemperatures.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatamphibiansareunabletotolerate

B.nottobetoleratedbyamphibians

C.amphibianscannottolerate?

D.amphibianslackoftolerancefor

【答案】C

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知句子缺主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)，amphibians作主語(yǔ)，cannottolerate作謂語(yǔ)，才能使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，語(yǔ)義完整。A項(xiàng)中that缺先行詞，可排除。B項(xiàng)中主語(yǔ)缺失，句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，可排除。D項(xiàng)中l(wèi)ack為及物動(dòng)詞，接賓語(yǔ)不用接介詞，可排除。根據(jù)排除法，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。句意：兩棲動(dòng)物通常無(wú)法忍受高溫。

5.單選題

Whenrequiredbytheirparentstoeatgreenvegetablesmanychildrenonlydoso（reluctantly）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intimately

B.impatiently

C.unwillingly

D.unknowingly

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。reluctantly表示“不情愿地”；A項(xiàng)intimately“親切地”，B項(xiàng)impatiently“不耐煩地”，C項(xiàng)unwillingly“不情愿地”，D項(xiàng)unknowingly“不知不覺(jué)地”。句意：當(dāng)父母要求吃綠色蔬菜時(shí)，很多孩子只是不情愿地這么做。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Allrespondentswereafraidofmakingahighexpenseclaim.

B.Anumberofrespondentsgaveanaverageanswerof400miles.

C.Over10%oftherespondentsliedaboutthedistancetheydrove.

D.Mostoftherespondentsgotcompensatedfordriving384miles.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyrespondedtocolleagues’suspicion.

B.Theycaredaboutotherpeople’sclaims.

C.Theywantedtoprotecttheirreputation.

D.Theyendeavoredtoactuallybehonest.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyseempositive.

B.Theyareintuitive.

C.Theyareillustrative.

D.Theyareconclusive.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

【解析】RecordingTwo

Now,believeitornot.Peoplesometimeslieinordertomaintainagood,honestreputation—evenifithurtsthemtodoso.Atleast,thisiswhatateamofscientistsissuggesting,withevidencetoproveit.

Picturethisscenario:Youoftendriveforworkandcanbecompensatedforupto400milespermonth.Mostpeopleatyourcompanydriveabout300mileseachmonth.Butthismonth,youdrove400miles.Howmanymilesdoyouthinkyou’dclaiminyourexpensereport?

Thescientistsaskedthisexactquestionaspartofthestudywe’rediscussingtoday.Withsurprisingresults,[19]theyfoundthat12%ofrespondentsreportedthedistancetheydroveaslessthantheactualfigure,givinganaverageanswerof384miles.Inotherwords,theyliedabouttheirnumberofmiles,eventhoughtheywouldforfeitmoneytheywereowed.

Theresearchersbelievethiswastoseemhonest,withtheassumptionbeingthatotherswouldbesuspiciousofahighexpenseclaim.Butwhywouldpeoplefabricatenumberstotheirowndetriment?Theresearchersexplainedthatmanypeoplecareagreatdealabouttheirreputationandhowthey’llbejudgedbyothers.Iftheycareenough,theyconcernedaboutappearinghonestandnotlosingtheirrespectofothers,maybegreaterthantheirdesiretoactuallybehonest.

Theresearchersassertthattheyfindanewsuggestthatwhenpeopleobtainveryfavorableoutcomes,theyanticipateotherpeople’ssuspiciousreactionsandpreferlyingandappearinghonesttotellingthetruthandappearingasselfishliars.

Sowhyisthisresearchimportant?Well,expertsgenerallyagreedtherearetwomaintypesoflie,selfishliarsandliarsthataremeanttobenefitothers.Thefirst,asyoumaypredict,isforselfishgain,suchassubmittingafraudulentclaimtoaninsurancecompany;whilethesecondinvolveslyingtohelpothersornotoffendothers,forexample,tellingafriendwhoseoutfityoudon’tlikethattheylookgreat.

Buttheresearchersaresuggestingathirdtypeoflying:[20]lyingtomaintainagoodreputation.Nowthishypothesisisnewandsomeskepticsarguethatthisisn’tawholenewcategoryoflie.[21]Butthefindingsseemintuitivetome.Afterall,oneofthemainmotivationsforlyingistoincreaseourworthintheeyesofothers,soitseemshighlylikelythatpeoplewilllietoseemhonest.

19.Whatdidtheteamofscientistfindintheirstudy?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)科學(xué)家團(tuán)隊(duì)在他們的研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么？錄音中提到，他們（科學(xué)家們）發(fā)現(xiàn)12%的受訪者報(bào)告的行駛距離比實(shí)際數(shù)字要少，給出的平均答案是384英里。換句話說(shuō)，他們（受訪者）在里程數(shù)上撒了謊。C選項(xiàng)“超過(guò)10%的受訪者在開(kāi)車(chē)的距離上撒了謊”與錄音原文表述一致，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“所有的受訪者都害怕提出高額的費(fèi)用報(bào)銷(xiāo)”表述過(guò)于絕對(duì)，錄音中說(shuō)的是12%的受訪者，因此A選項(xiàng)不正確；B選項(xiàng)“許多受訪者給出的平均答案是400英里”表述不準(zhǔn)確，這里只是12%的受訪者，并不是很多受訪者給出的答案；D選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)受訪者因駕駛384英里而獲得賠償”在文中沒(méi)有提及，因此排除。

20.Whywouldpeoplefabricatenumberstotheirowndetrimentaccordingtotheresearchers?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)根據(jù)研究人員的說(shuō)法，為什么人們會(huì)捏造對(duì)自己不利的行車(chē)?yán)飻?shù)？錄音中提到研究人員解釋說(shuō)，很多人非常在意自己的聲譽(yù)，以及別人會(huì)如何評(píng)價(jià)自己。因此C選項(xiàng)“他們想要保護(hù)自己的聲譽(yù)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)同事的懷疑作出回應(yīng)”和B選項(xiàng)“他們關(guān)心別人的要求”利用錄音中的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行干擾，實(shí)際與原文表述不符；D選項(xiàng)“他們努力做到真正的誠(chéng)實(shí)”與錄音中為了聲譽(yù)撒謊的意思恰好相反，因此不正確。

21.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkoftheresearchers’findings?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)說(shuō)話者對(duì)研究人員的發(fā)現(xiàn)有什么看法？說(shuō)話者說(shuō)這些發(fā)現(xiàn)似乎很直觀（seemintuitive），B選項(xiàng)“它們看起來(lái)很直觀”與原文表述一致，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“它們看起來(lái)是積極的”；C選項(xiàng)“它們是說(shuō)明性的”和D選項(xiàng)“它們是結(jié)論性的”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及，因此排除。

7.單選題

AllprogramscelebratingtheSpringFestivalintheCCTVhavebeen（relayed）toevenpartoftheworldthroughsatellites.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.received

B.reserved

C.rebroadcast

D.enjoyed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：央視所有慶祝春節(jié)的節(jié)目都通過(guò)衛(wèi)星轉(zhuǎn)播到世界各地。劃線詞的前綴是re-，選項(xiàng)A和B不符合句意，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

8.單選題

Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Similarityininterests.

B.Mentalstimulation.

C.Openness.

D.Compassion.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thewillingnesstooffertimelyhelp.

B.Thejoyfoundineachother’scompany.

C.Personalbonds.

D.Emotionalfactors.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Failuretokeepapromise.

B.Lackoffrankness.

C.Feelingsofbetrayal.

D.Lossofcontact.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

【解析】RecordingOne

Qualitiesofarelationshipsuchasopenness,compassion,andmentalstimulation,areofconcerntomostofusregardlessofsex.Butjudgingfromthequestionnaireresponse,they’remoreimportanttowomenthantomen.Askedtoconsidertheingredientsofclosefriendship,womenratedthesequalitiesaboveallothers.[16]Menassignedalowerprioritytotheminfavorofsimilarityininterests,selectedby77%ofmen,andresponsivenessinacrisis,chosenby61%ofmalerespondents.Mentalstimulation,rankedthirdinpopularitybymenaswellaswomen,wastheonlyareaofoverlap.Amongmen,only28%namedopennessasanimportantquality;caringwaspickedbyjust23%.

[17]Itisevidentbytheirselectionsthatwhenwomenspeakofclosefriendships,they’rereferringtoemotionalfactors,whilemenemphasizethepleasuretheyfindinafriend’scompany.Thatis,whenamanspeaksof“afriend”,heislikelytobetalkingaboutsomeonehedoesthingswith—ateammate,afellowhobbyist,adrinkingbuddy.Theseactivitiesarethefabricofthefriendship.Itisa“doing”relationshipinwhichsimilarityininterestsisthekeybond.Thisfactorwasaconsiderationoflessthan11%ofwomen.Womenoptforawarmemotionalatmospherewherecommunicationflowsfreely;activityismerebackground.

Lastly,men,aswehaveseen,haveseriousquestionsabouteachother’sloyalty.Perhapsthisiswhytheyplacedsuchstrongemphasisonresponsivenessinacrisis—someoneIcancallonforhelp.Women,astheirtestimoniesindicate,aregenerallymoresecurewitheachotherandconsequentlyaremorelikelytotreatthisissuelightly.Infollow-upinterviews,thiswasconfirmednumeroustimesaswomanafterwomanindicatedthatbeingtherewhenneededwastakenforgranted.[18]Asforthehazardsoffriendship,morethanafewrelationshipshavebeenshatteredbecauseofcutthroatcompetitionandfeelingsofbetrayal.Thisappliestobothmenandwomen,butunequally.Incomparison,nearlytwiceasmanymencomplainedabouttheseissuesaswomen.Further,whilecompetitionandbetrayalarethemainthornstofemalefriendship,menareplaguedinalmostequalamountsbytwoadditionalissues:lackoffranknessandafearofappearingunmanly.Obviously,foraman,agoodfriendshipishardtofind.

16.Whatqualitydomenvaluemostconcerningfriendshipaccordingtoaquestionnaireresponse?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)男性在友誼方面最看重什么品質(zhì)？錄音開(kāi)頭提到，男性更傾向于尋找興趣上的相似性（infavorofsimilarityininterests），A選項(xiàng)“興趣上的相似性”與原文表述相符，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“精神鼓勵(lì)”；C選項(xiàng)“率真，開(kāi)放”和D選項(xiàng)“同情心”雖然在錄音中有所涉及，但只是說(shuō)女性比男性更加看重這些品質(zhì)，而男性認(rèn)為這些都不是最重要的（Menassignedalowerprioritytothem），他們優(yōu)先考慮的是興趣上的相似性。因此均可排除。

17.Whatdowomenrefertowhenspeakingofclosefriendships?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)的是女性對(duì)于親密友誼的看法。錄音中明確提到，當(dāng)女性說(shuō)起親密友誼時(shí)，她們指的是情感因素（emotionalfactors），D選項(xiàng)“情感因素”是錄音原文的復(fù)現(xiàn)，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“愿意及時(shí)提供幫助”在錄音中沒(méi)有提及；B項(xiàng)“在彼此陪伴下找到的快樂(lè)”，這是男性的看法，因此排除；C選項(xiàng)“個(gè)人紐帶”，利用錄音中的bond制造干擾，錄音中說(shuō)的是興趣上的相似性是友誼的關(guān)鍵紐帶，只有不到11%的女性考慮到了這一因素，選項(xiàng)與原文表述不符，因此排除。

18.Whatmaythreatenafriendshipforbothmenandwomen?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)有什么因素對(duì)于男性和女性來(lái)說(shuō)都會(huì)威脅到友誼？錄音后半部分提到，很多關(guān)系都因?yàn)榧ち业母?jìng)爭(zhēng)和被背叛的感覺(jué)而破裂，這一點(diǎn)對(duì)男性和女性都適用，因此C選項(xiàng)“背叛的感覺(jué)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有信守諾言”和D選項(xiàng)“失去聯(lián)系”在錄音中沒(méi)有提及；B選項(xiàng)“缺乏坦率”，這只是男性關(guān)系中面臨的問(wèn)題之一，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)女性之間也有類(lèi)似問(wèn)題，與題干不符，因此排除。

9.單選題

Defendersofspecialprotectivelaborlegislationforwomenoftenmaintainthateliminatingsuchlawswoulddestroythefruitsofacentury-longstrugglefortheprotectionofwomenworks.Evenabriefexaminationofthehistoricpracticeofcourtsandemployerswouldshowthatthefruitofsuchlawshasbeenbitter:theyare,inpractice,moreofacursethanablessing.

Sex-definedprotectivelawshaveoftenbeenbasedonstereotypicalassumptionsconcerningwomen’sneedsandabilities,andemployershavefrequentlyusedthemaslegalexcusesfordiscriminatingagainstwomen.AftertheSecondWorldWar,forexample,businessesandgovernmentsoughttopersuadewomentovacatejobsinfactories,thusmakingroominthelaborforceforreturningveterans.Therevivalorpassageofstatelawslimitingthedailyorweeklyworkhoursofwomenconvenientlyaccomplishedthis.Employershadonlytodeclarethatovertimehourswereanecessaryconditionofemploymentorpromotionintheirfactory,andwomencouldbequitelegallyfired,refusedjobs,orkeptatlowwagelevels,allinthenameof“protecting”theirhealth.Byvalidatingsuchlawswhentheyarechallengedbylawsuits,thecourtshavecolludedovertheyearsinestablishingdifferent,lessadvantageousemploymenttermsforwomenthanformen,thusreducingwomen’scompetitivenessonthejobmarket.Atthesametime,eventhemostwell-intentionedlawmakers,courts,andemployershaveoftenbeenblindtotherealneedsofwomen.Thelawmakersandthecourtscontinuetopermitemployerstoofferemployeehealthinsuranceplansthatcoverallknownhumanmedicaldisabilitiesexceptthoserelatingtopregnancyandchildbirth.

Finally,laborlawsprotectingonlyspecialgroupsareoftenineffectiveatprotectingtheworkerswhoareactuallyintheworkplace.Somechemicals,forexample,posereproductiverisksforwomenofchildbearingyears;manufacturersusingthechemicalscomplywithlawsprotectingwomenagainstthesehazardsbyrefusingtohirethem.Thusthesex-definedlegislationprotectsthehypotheticalfemaleworker,buthasnoaffectedwhateveronthesafetyofanyactualemployee.Thehealthriskstomaleemployeesinsuchindustriescannotbenegligible,sincechemicalstoxicenoughtocausebirthdefectsinfetusesorsterilityinwomenarepresumablyharmfultothehumanmetabolism.Protectivelawsaimedatchangingproductionmaterialsortechniquesinordertoreducesuchhazardswouldbenefitallemployeeswithoutdiscriminatingagainstany.

Insum,protectivelaborlawsforwomenarediscriminatoryanddonotmeettheirintendedpurpose.Legislatorsshouldrecognizethatwomenareintheworkforcetostay,andthattheirneeds-goodhealthcare,adecentwage,andasafeworkplace-aretheneedsofallworkers.Lawsthatignorethesefactsviolatewomen’srightsforequalprotectioninemployment.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingresultedfromthepassageorrevivalofstatelawslimitingtheworkhoursofwomenworkers?.

2.Accordingtothefirstparagraphofthepassage,theauthorconsiderswhichofthefollowingtobemosthelpfulindeterminingthevalueofspecialprotectivelaborlegislationforwomen?

3.Themainpointofthepassageisthatspecialprotectivelaborlawsforwomenworkersare（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingischaracteristicofmanyemployeehealthinsuranceplans?

5.Accordingtothepassage,speciallaborlawsprotectingwomenworkerstendgenerallytohavewhichofthefollowingeffects?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Womenworkerswerecompelledtoleavetheirjobsinfactories.

B.Manyemployershaddifficultyinprovidingjobsforreturningveterans.

C.Manyemployersfoundithardtoattractwomenworkers.

D.Thehealthofmostwomenfactoryworkersimproved.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.comparativestudyofpatternsofwork-relatedillnessesinstatesthathadsuchlawsandinstatesthatdidnot.

B.Anestimateofhowmanywomenworkersareinfavorofsuchlaws.

C.Ananalysisofthecosttoemployersofcomplyingwithsuchlaws.

D.Anexaminationoftheactualeffectsthatsuchlawshavehadinthepastonwomenworkers.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.unnecessarybecausemostworkersarewellprotectedbyexistinglaborlaws.

B.harmfoltotheeconomicinterestsofwomenworkerswhileofferingthemlittleornoactualprotection.

C.notworthpreservingeventhoughtheydorepresentahard-wonlegacyofthelabormovement.

D.controversialbecausemaleworkersreceivelessprotectionthantheyrequire.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theycoverallthecommonmedicalconditionsaffectingmen,butonlysomeofthoseaffectingwomen.

B.Theylackthespecialprovisionsforwomenworkersthatproposedspeciallaborlawsforwomenwouldprovide.

C.Theypaythemedicalcostsassociatedwithpregnancyandchildbirthonlyforthespousesofmaleemployees,notforfemaleemployees.

D.Theymeetminimumlegalrequirements,butdonotadequatelysafeguardthehealthofeithermaleorfemaleemployees.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theytendtomodifythestereotypesemployeesoftenholdconcerningwomen.

B.Theyincreasetheadvantagetoemployersofhiringmeninsteadofwomen,makingitlesslikelythatwomenwillbehired.

C.Theydecreasethelikelihoodthatemployerswilloffermoreprotectiontowomenworkersthanthatwhichisabsolutelyrequiredbylaw.

D.Theyincreasethetendencyofemployerstodenyhealthinsuranceanddisabilityplanstowomenworkers.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位至第二段第三句，此句前一句便是本題答案。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位至第一段:Evenabriefexaminationofthehistoricpracticeofcourtsandemployerswouldshowthatthefruitofsuchlawshasbeenbitter:theyare,inpractice,moreofacursethanablessing(即使簡(jiǎn)短回顧法院和雇主的以往做法，這些法律的成果也似乎是苦澀的：實(shí)際上，它們更多的是一種詛咒，而不是好事)。

3.主旨大意題。A、D可以排除。文章第一段提到，特別保護(hù)婦女的勞動(dòng)法是經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)世紀(jì)的斗爭(zhēng)獲得的，但是只要稍微審視一下過(guò)去就能發(fā)現(xiàn)這些法律與其說(shuō)是一件好事，不如說(shuō)是一種災(zāi)禍。這是C項(xiàng)的意思，但是下文都在證明的最后一段第一句話：protectivelaborlawsforwomenarediscriminatoryanddonotmeettheirintendedpurpose,即這些法律使婦女失去工作、遭受了經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的損失，但并未對(duì)婦女提供太多的保護(hù)，B選項(xiàng)概括全文大意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞employeehealthinsuranceplans定位至第二段最后一句,由此推測(cè)A項(xiàng)(它們涵蓋了所有影響男性的常見(jiàn)醫(yī)療狀況，但僅包括一些影響女性的情況)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。作者認(rèn)為，正是因?yàn)橛辛诉@些特殊的針對(duì)婦女的勞動(dòng)法，用人單位才能堂而皇之地以婦女不適合相關(guān)的工作為由，不再雇傭婦女。最后一句也說(shuō)“立法者們應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)識(shí)到婦女應(yīng)當(dāng)保留在勞動(dòng)力中...”因此B項(xiàng)(他們?cè)黾恿斯椭鞴蛡蚰行远皇桥缘膬?yōu)勢(shì)，從而減少了雇傭女性的可能性)正確。

10.單選題

Withmorethan150milesofvirtuallynowaterfallsorrapids,theHudsonRiverextendsinlandfrom（

）,theAtlanticOcean.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thesourceof

B.whereitssource

C.itssource

D.fromwhichitssourceis

【答案】C

【解析】語(yǔ)法（同位語(yǔ)）題。分析題干可知，空格后的theAtlanticOcean是空格的同位語(yǔ)，所以排除A選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng);B選項(xiàng)的its為物主代詞，與后面的名詞source構(gòu)成主語(yǔ)，那就缺少謂語(yǔ)成分，所以B選項(xiàng)排除，所以答案為C選項(xiàng)。

11.單選題

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Shecalledontheman.

B.Shewenttothebank.

C.Shemadeabusinessplan.

D.Shepaidhermortgage.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Shedidn’tpayhermortgageintime.

B.Shehadapparentlyaskedfortoomuch.

C.Hercredithistorywasconsideredpoor.

D.Herpreviousdebthadn’tbeenclearedyet.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Startherownbusiness.

B.Buyapieceofproperty.

C.Payadebtlongoverdue.

D.Checkhercredithistory.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Buildupherownfinancesstepbystep.

B.Reviseherbusinessproposalcarefully.

C.Askforsmallerloansfromdifferentlenders.

D.Seekadvicefromanexpertaboutfundraising.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】ConversationTwo

M:[5]Howdiditgoatthebankthismorning?

W:Notwell,myproposalwasrejected.

M:Really,butwhy?

W:Bunchofreasons.Forstarters,[6]theysaidmycredithistorywasnotgoodenough.

M:Dotheysayhowyoucouldimprovethat?

W:Yes,theysaidthatafterfivemoreyearsofpayingmymortgage,thenIwillbecomeamoreviablecandidateforabusinessloan.Butrightnow,it’stooriskyforthemtolendmemoney.TheyfearIwilldefaultonanybusinessloanI’mgiven.

M:Well,thatdoesn’tsoundfair.Yourbusinessideaisamazing.Didyoushowthemyourbusinessplan?

Whatdidtheysay?

W:Theydidn’treallyarticulateanypositionregardingtheactualbusinessplan.Theysimplylookedatmycredithistoryanddetermineditwasnotgoodenough.Theysaidthebankhasstrictguidelinesandrequirementsastowhotheycanlendmoneyto.AndIsimplydon’tmeettheirfinancialthreshold.

M:Whatifyouaskforasmalleramount?[8]Maybeyoucouldgathercapitalfromothersources,smallerloansfrommorelenders?

W:Youdon’tgetit.Itdoesn’tmatterthesizeoftheloanIaskfororthetypeofbusinessIpropose.That’sallinconsequential.ThefirstthingeverybankwilldoisstudyinghowmuchmoneyIhaveandhowmuchdebtIhavebeforetheydecidewhetherornottolendmeanymoremoney.[7]IfIwanttocontinueaheadwiththisdreamofowningmyownbusiness,Ihavenootherchoicebuttobuildupmyownfinances.Ineedaround20%moreinpersonalsavingsand50%lessdebt.That’sallthereistoit.

M:Iseenow.Well,it’sahugepitythattheyrejectedyourrequest,butdon’tlosehope.Istillthinkthatyourideaisgreatandthatyouwillturnitintoaphenomenalsuccess.

5.Whatdidthewomandothismorning?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)女士今天早上做了什么？對(duì)話開(kāi)頭，男士就問(wèn)今天早上去銀行怎么樣，女士回答說(shuō)不太好，由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“她去了銀行”正確。A選項(xiàng)“她拜訪了男士”在錄音中未提及；C選項(xiàng)“她制定了一個(gè)商業(yè)計(jì)劃”，利用錄音中的businessplan設(shè)干擾，錄音確實(shí)提到女士做了商業(yè)計(jì)劃，但未明確商業(yè)計(jì)劃是何時(shí)做的，因此C選項(xiàng)不正確；D選項(xiàng)“她付清按揭貸款”，錄音中有提到payingmymortgage，但說(shuō)的是女士還了5年的按揭貸款后，就更有可能申請(qǐng)商業(yè)貸款，這只是銀行給的建議，并不是女士今天早上做的事情，因此D選項(xiàng)不正確。

6.Whywasthewoman’sproposalrejected?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)為什么女士的提議被拒絕了？女士提到提議被拒絕的原因首先是銀行說(shuō)她的信用記錄不夠好，因此C選項(xiàng)“她的信用記錄被認(rèn)為很差”正確。A選項(xiàng)“她沒(méi)有及時(shí)償還按揭貸款”在錄音中沒(méi)有提及；B選項(xiàng)“她顯然要求太多了”，錄音中提到與女士要求的貸款規(guī)模或提議的業(yè)務(wù)類(lèi)型無(wú)關(guān)，這都是無(wú)關(guān)緊要的，由此可知，B選項(xiàng)不正確；D選項(xiàng)“她以前的債務(wù)還沒(méi)還清”，錄音中說(shuō)到女士需要多20%的個(gè)人儲(chǔ)蓄，少50%的債務(wù)，也就是說(shuō)她被拒絕的原因不僅僅是債務(wù)未還清，因此D選項(xiàng)不選。

7.Whatisthewomanplanningtodo?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)女士打算做什么？女士提到如果她想實(shí)現(xiàn)“擁有自己的公司”這個(gè)夢(mèng)想，別無(wú)選擇，只能增強(qiáng)自己的財(cái)力。由此可知女士是打算“自己開(kāi)公司”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“買(mǎi)一處房產(chǎn)”中的apieceofproperty和C選項(xiàng)“支付拖欠已久的債務(wù)”中的longoverdue在錄音中均未提及；D選項(xiàng)“檢查她的信用記錄”也沒(méi)有信息表明，因此不正確。

8.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)男士建議女士做什么？錄音中男士建議女士或許可以從其他渠道籌集資金，從更多的貸款人那里獲得多筆小額貸款，C選項(xiàng)“向不同的貸款人申請(qǐng)小額貸款”與錄音表述一致，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“逐步增強(qiáng)她自己的財(cái)力”利用錄音中的buildupmyownfinances作干擾，這是女士自己的打算，并不是男士的建議；B選項(xiàng)“仔細(xì)修改她的商業(yè)計(jì)劃書(shū)”和D選項(xiàng)“向?qū)＜覍で箨P(guān)于籌款的建議”在錄音中均未提及。

12.單選題

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisacollectionofphotos.

B.Itisanintroductiontomusic.

C.ItisaboutthecityofBruges.

D.ItisabookofEuropeanhistory.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.WhenwritingaboutBelgium’scoastalregions.

B.Whentakingpicturesforaconcertcatalogue.

C.WhenvacationinginanItaliancoastalcity.

D.WhenpaintingtheconcerthallofBruges.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.TherichheritageofEuropewillbelostcompletely.

B.TheseawaterofEuropewillbeseriouslypolluted.

C.TheentireEuropeancoastlinewillbesubmerged.

D.ThemajorEuropeanscenicspotswilldisappear.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Touristsusewoodenpathstoreachtheirhotelsinthemorning.

B.Itattractslargenumbersoftouristsfromhomeandabroad.

C.Peoplecannotgetaroundwithoutusingboats.

D.Itswaterwaysarebeingincreasinglypolluted.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】ConversationTwo

W:Mr.DeKeyzer,I’magreatloverofyourbookMomentsBeforetheFlood.Canyoutellushowyoufirstbecameinterestedinthissubjectmatter?

M:In2006,[6]whentheconcerthallofthecityofBrugesaskedmetotakesomepicturesforacatalogueforanewconcertseasonaroundthethemeofwater,IfoundmyselfworkingalongtheBelgiancoastline.Astherehadbeennumerousalarmingarticlesinthepressaboutaclimatecatastrophewaitingtohappen,Istartedlookingattheseaandthebeachverydifferently,aplacewhereIspentsomanyperfectdaysasachild.Thisfearofaloomingdangerbecame[5]thesubjectofalarge-scalephotoproject.

W:[5]Youwroteinthebook,“Idon’twanttophotographthedisaster;Iwanttophotographthedisasterwaitingtohappen.”Canyoutalkabitaboutthat?

M:[7]Itisclearnowthatit’samatteroftimebeforetheentireEuropeancoastlinedisappearsunderwater.Thesamegoesfornumerousbigcitiesaroundtheworld.Myideawastophotographthisbeautifulandveryuniquecoastline,richinhistory,beforeit’stoolate—asalastwitness.

W:Canyoutalkabitabouthowhistoryplaysaroleinthisproject?

M:Sure.TheprojectisalsoaboutthehistoryofEuropelookingattheseaandwonderingwhenthenextenemywouldappear.Intheimages,youseeallkindsofpossibledefenseconstructionstoholdbacktheRomans,Germans,Vikings,andnownatureasenemynumberone.Forexample,thereistheimageofthebridgeintotheseatakenattheNormandyD-Daylandingsite.Also,Venice,thecityeternallythreatenedbythesea,[8]whereeverymorningwoodenpathwayshavetobesetuptoallowtouriststoreachtheirhotels.

W:Thankyou,Mr.DeKeyzer.Itwasapleasuretohaveyouwithustoday.

5.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthebookMomentsBeforetheFlood?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于《洪水來(lái)臨前》這本書(shū)，男士說(shuō)了什么？錄音開(kāi)頭，男士提到他受邀為新一季音樂(lè)會(huì)拍攝以水為主題的照片時(shí)恰巧在海邊工作，因有感于如此美麗的海灘日后有可能因氣候?yàn)?zāi)難而消失于水下，便將這種對(duì)潛在危險(xiǎn)的恐懼作為一個(gè)大型攝影項(xiàng)目的主題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息thesubjectofalarge-scalephotoproject（一個(gè)大型攝影項(xiàng)目的主題）可知，男士認(rèn)為MomentsBeforetheFlood是一本照片集，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“它是一本介紹音樂(lè)的書(shū)”和C選項(xiàng)“它是一本關(guān)于布魯日市的書(shū)”只是利用個(gè)別詞來(lái)設(shè)置干擾，與題干不相干，因此排除；D選項(xiàng)“一本講述歐洲歷史的書(shū)”，錄音最后雖然提及歐洲的歷史，但歐洲歷史只是其中的一部分內(nèi)容，并不是完全講述歐洲歷史，因此D選項(xiàng)表述不準(zhǔn)確。

6.Whendidthemangethisideaforthework?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)男士是什么時(shí)候想到開(kāi)始這個(gè)工作的？錄音開(kāi)頭，女士便詢問(wèn)男士一開(kāi)始是怎樣對(duì)這一主題感興趣的。男士回答當(dāng)時(shí)布魯日市的音樂(lè)廳要求他為新一季音樂(lè)會(huì)拍攝一系列以水為主題的照片，B選項(xiàng)“那時(shí)為音樂(lè)會(huì)拍攝一系列照片”是對(duì)錄音原文的概括，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“寫(xiě)關(guān)于比利時(shí)沿海地區(qū)的文章”，錄音只是提及男士受邀為音樂(lè)會(huì)拍攝照片時(shí)，他正好在比利時(shí)沿海地區(qū)工作，因此A選項(xiàng)不正確；C選項(xiàng)“那時(shí)在意大利沿海城市度假”在錄音中并沒(méi)有提及；D選項(xiàng)“那時(shí)為布魯日音樂(lè)廳繪畫(huà)”主要錯(cuò)在painting一詞，與原文表述的takesomepictures不符，因此可排除。

7.Whatwillhappenwhentheclimatecatastropheoccurs?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)當(dāng)氣候?yàn)?zāi)難發(fā)生時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)生什么?