國(guó)家開放大學(xué)2022春（202207）《1354高級(jí)英語閱讀（2）》期末考試真題及答案-開放本科

試卷代號(hào):1354國(guó)家開放大學(xué)2022年春季學(xué)期期末統(tǒng)一考試高級(jí)英語閱讀(2)試題答案及評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(供參考)2J22年7月SectionINewWordsI.Matcheachvocabularywordontheleftwiththecorrectdefinitionontheright.(30points,3pointseach)F2.G3.H4.A5.B6.D7.E8.C9.J10.IFillintheblankswithwordsfrontheboxbelow.(30points,3pointseach)communicationcapacityacquireresearchfocusingstructuresproducejournal19.identicalpercentSectionIIReadingConprehensionForeachquestion,choosethebestanswerbasedonthereadingpassage.(25points,5pointseach)D22.B23.A24.A25.CDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.Write"T"forTrueand“F"forFalseontheAnswerSheet.(15points,3pointseach)26.F27.T28.T29.T30.F試卷代號(hào)：試卷代號(hào)：1354國(guó)家開放大學(xué)2022年春季學(xué)期期末統(tǒng)一考試高級(jí)英語閱讀(2)試題2022年7月注意事項(xiàng)一、 將你的學(xué)號(hào)、姓名及分校(工作站)名稱填寫在答題紙的規(guī)定欄內(nèi)?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，把試卷和答題紙放在桌子上。試卷和答題紙均不得帶出考場(chǎng)。監(jiān)考人收完考卷和答題紙后才可離開考場(chǎng)。二、 仔細(xì)讀懂題目的說明，并按題目要求和答題示例答題。答案一定要寫在答題紙的指定位置上，寫在試卷上的答案無效。三、 用藍(lán)、黑圓珠筆或鋼筆答題，使用鉛筆答題無效。Informationfortheexaminees:Thisexaminationconsistsoftwosections.Theyare:SectionI:NewWords(60points,40minutes)SectionII:ReadingComprehension(40points,50minutes)Thetotalmarksforthisexaminationare100points.Timeallowedforcompletingthisexaminationis90minutes.SectionINewWordsI,Matcheachvocabularywordontheleftwiththecorrectdefinitionontheright.(30points,3pointseach)A.unusual1. determine2. affordB.disadvantage3. reflectC.side,part,orcharacteristic4. nontraditionalD.factintheformofanumber5. drawbackE.control6. statisticF.decideon7. disciplineG.haveenoughmoneyfbr8. aspectH.show9. involvesI.fees(moneys)fbrschool10._ tuitionJ.includesU,Fillintheblankswithwordsfromtheboxbelow.(30points,3pointseach)AcquirefocusingresearchcapacityidenticalstructuresCommunicationjournalpercentproduceButisthislanguage?Whatdistinguishes11fromtruelanguage?Dochimpsactuallyhavethe12forlanguage?Thereismuchdisagreementaboutthis.Somepeoplearguethatchimpscan13onlythevocabularyofa21/2-year-oldhumanTheyalsopointoutthatasentencesuchas"Lanatomorrowscaresnakerivermonster"isnotexactlyShakespeareanEnglish.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatthereisagapbetweenthelanguageabilityofchimpsandhumans.Buiclearly,thisgapisnotaswideasweusedtothinkitwas.Recent14isnow15Onthe16andactivityofthebrain.Biologistshavelookedatonesmallareaofthebrain,theplanumtemporale,whichhumansusetounderstandand17languageInchimps,thisislargerontheleftsideofthebrainthanontheright.Inthe18Science,researcherstellusthatthisis"essentially~9"totheplanumtemporaleinhumans.Thisisnotsurprisingtopeoplewhobelievethatchimpsdohavethecapacityfbrlanguage.Afterall,theysay,9920Ofthegeneticmaterialinchimpsandhumansisidentical,makingchimpsourclosestrelative.SectionnReadingComprehensionII?ReadthepassageThenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.(25points,5pointseach)DisabilitiesDownsyndrome(DS)isageneticdisordercausedbyanextrachromosome.Humansnormallyhave23pairsofchromosomes,or46;however,peoplewithDShave47.Theseinfantstypicallyhaveawideface,shortneck,slantedeyes,andarementallyretarded,thatis,withlowintelligence.Theyarelikelytohavekidneyorheartproblems,andadultsrarelylivebeyond50years,buttheyaregenerallyhappypeoplewithoptimisticpersonalities.ItispossibleforawomanofanyagetohaveababywithDS,butitoccursmoreofteninolderwomen.Forallwomen-therateisonebabywithDSoutof800born,butthisincreasestooneoulof80fbrwomenover35.Sodoctorssuggestthatwomeninthisagegroupgettestedfbrtheconditioniftheybecomepregnant.BesidesDS,thereareseveralotherdisabilitiesthatarecausedby"mistakes"inourgenes.Yearsago,childrenwithdisabilitiescouldn'tattendpublicschoolsorgetjobs.Theyusuallywenttoinstitutionswheretheywerekeptfbrtherestoftheirlives.However,attitudeshavechangedinrecentdecades,thankstoparentswithdisabledchildren.In1975,alawcalledIndividualswithDisabilitiesEducationAct(IDEA)waspassedintheUnitedStates.Thislawstatedthatallchildrenwithphysicalandmentaldisabilitieshadtherighttoaneducation,soschoolswererequiredtoofferclassestomeetlheirneeds.Collegesbeganofferingcoursesin"specialeducation"totrainteachersinnewmethods.Thischangeinattitudemadeitpossiblefbrchildrenwithdisabilitiestogetaneducation.Parentsformedsupportgroups,helpingeachotherfindgoodschools,recreationactivities,andsportscentersfortheirchildren.Nolongerwerethesechildrenkeptathomeorininstitutions.Theycouldgotoschoolwithnormalchildrenandlearn-andlaterbetrainedtodosimpleworkandearnmoney.Theycouldthenliveingrouphomesandsupportthemselveslikeotherpeople.In1968,theSpecialOlympics,acompetitionforchildrenandadultswithdisabilities,wereheldforthefirsttimeinChicago,Illinois,with1,000participants.Todaytheyareheldeveryotheryear,with2.25millionathletesparticipatingin150countriesaroundtheworld.Peoplewithdisabilitiesarenolongerignoredorinstitutionalized;theyarepartofalivelycommunityofspecialpeoplewhoarenowabletocontributetosociety.Foreachquestion,choosethebestanswerbasedonthereadingpassage.WriteA,B,CorDonyourAnswerSheetPeoplewithDownsyndrome .haveawideface B.haveslantedeyesC.arementallyretarded D.alloftheaboveMorebabieswithDSarebornto .womenofanyage B.womenover35C.womenover80 D.over800womenIDEA,thelawpassedin1975,statedthat .allchildrenwithdisabilitieshadarighttoaneducationsomeschoolswererequiredtoofferspecialclassescollegeshadtoteachspecialeducationteachershadtolearnnewmethodsBecauseofspecialeducation,childrengrewupand .couldsupportthemselves.hadtobekeptathome.hadtobekeptininstitutions.hadtolearnasmuchasnormalchildremTheSpecialOlympics .isalwaysheldinChicagohas1,()(X)participantshasmillionsofparticipantswasheldoncein1968II.ReadthepassageThenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.(15points,3pointseach)AsthmaRespiratoryillnessessuchasasthmahaveincreasedgreatlyinthepastfewdecades.Itisestimatedthat5%ofthepopulationintheUnitedSlateshasasthma,whichisachronicdisease,thatis,itaffectsapersonoveralongperiodoftime.Itmaybeginbeforeachildis1()yearsold,oritmaybegininadulthood.Childhoodasthmausuallydisappearsaroundtheageof20,butadultswhogetitlatermayhaveitalltheirlives.Peoplewhosufferfromasthmahavedifficultybreathingbecausetheairwaysintheirlungscontractwhenatriggercausesareaction.Amongthetriggersofasthmaareindoorandoutdoorpollutants,accordingtodoctors.Sincepollutionhasbecomemorecommon.Thenumberofpeopleaffectedbythisdisorderhasrisen.Indoorpollutantsincludecigarettesmoke,dirt,insects,andevenpetslikedogsorcats.Outdoorpollutantsincludechemicals,dust,andsmog,thatis,smokefromfactoriesortransportvehicleslikebusesandtrucks.Peoplewithasthmausuallycarryaninhalerincaseofanattack.Thisinhalercontainsmedicinethattheybreathein,makingthecontractedairwaysinthelungsexpandsothattheycanbreathenormallyagain.Forafewpeoplewithsevereasthma,medicinecanalsobegivenbyinjection-inotherwords,itcanbeappliedundertheskinwithaneedleeveryfewweekstopreventattacks.Whileitisnotpossibletocurethiscondition,peoplewhosufferfromitareadvisedtoavoidpollutants.Parentswithasthmaticchildrenaretoldnottosmokeinthehouseandnottokeeplong-hairedpets.Theyneedlocleanthehousefrequentl