【語法】直接引語與間接引語-完整版課件

高中英語精品語法課件直接引語與間接引語（第1課時(shí)）Lead-in比較下面每組句子，留意句式的變化。1.“IhaveneverbeentotheUnitedStates,”saidTom.TomsaidthathehadneverbeentotheUnitedStates.2.“Ididn’tgotoyourpartybecauseIhadtoomuchtodothatday,”Harryexplainedtome.Harryexplainedtomethathehadn’tcometomypartybecausehehadtoomuchtodothatday.3.“WatchcarefullyanddowhatIdo,”saidtheteacher.Theteachertoldustowatchcarefullyanddowhathe/shedid.4.“Wouldyoucometomyhousefordinnertonight?”saidMaryonthephone.Maryaskedmetogotoherhousefordinnertonight/thatday.Presentation1.直接引語與間接引語直接引語：用引號的形式直接引用別人說過的話?！癐wenttheparkthismorningandsawmanyforeigners,”Mothersaidtome.媽媽對我說：“我今天上午去了公園，看見了許多外國人?！薄癈omewithmeandIwillshowyouwhatIboughtthismorning,”Jennysaidtoherfriends.珍妮對朋友說；“跟我來，我給你們看我今天上午買的東西?！薄癢hichcountrieshaveyoubeento?”theteachersaidtothegirl.老師對那女孩說：“你到過哪些國家？”Presentation間接引語：用自己的話去表述別人說過的話。被轉(zhuǎn)述的話不放在引號里。Mothertoldmethatshehadgonetotheparkthatmorningandhadseenmanyforeigners.媽媽告訴我她那天上午去了公園，還看見了許多外國人。Jennytoldherfriendstogowithherandsaidthatshewouldshowthemwhatshehadboughtthatmorning.珍妮叫朋友跟她走，說要給他們看她那天上午買的東西。Theteacheraskedthegirlwhichcountriesshehadbeento.老師問那女孩到過哪些國家。Presentation2.直接引語轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語直接引語轉(zhuǎn)為間接引語涉及到句型、語序、時(shí)態(tài)、人稱代詞、時(shí)間狀語和地點(diǎn)狀語等的變化。1）句型的變化直接引語轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語要變換句型。陳述句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句都變?yōu)橘e語從句的形式，而祈使句變?yōu)閹o的不定式，表示請求的疑問句一般也變?yōu)椴欢ㄊ?。Presentation“Weshoulddowhatwecantohelpourstudents,”theheadnastersaidtotheteachers.校長對老師們說：“我們應(yīng)當(dāng)盡我們的能力幫助學(xué)生們?！薄鶷heheadmastertoldtheteachersthattheyshoulddowhattheycouldtohelpthestudents.DirectSpeech（直接引語）IndirectSpeech（間接引語）DeclarativeSentences（陳述句）…said（that）…說………toldsb.（that）…對……說…explaintosbthat…向……解釋Presentation“Doyouworkhardatyourlessonsatschool?”themothersaidtoherdaughter.那位母親對女兒說：“你在學(xué)校里刻苦學(xué)習(xí)功課嗎？”→Themotheraskedherdaughterwhethersheworkedhardatherlessonsatschool.DirectSpeech（直接引語）IndirectSpeech（間接引語）GeneralQuestions（一般疑問句）…asked（sb.）whether/if…問……是否……Presentation“Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?”thepolicesaidtotheman.警察對那人說：“昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候你在干什么？”→Thepoliceaskedthemanwhathewasdoingatthattimethatday.DirectSpeech（直接引語）IndirectSpeech（間接引語）SpecialQuestions（特殊疑問句）…asked（sb.）wh-…問……explaintosbwh-…向……解釋Presentation“Don’tlookoutofthewindow,”theteachersaidtothestudents.老師對學(xué)生說：“不要看窗外?！薄鶷heteachertoldthestudentsnottolookoutofthewindow.DirectSpeech（直接引語）IndirectSpeech（間接引語）ImperativeSentences（祈使句）…asksb（not）todosth.請人（不要）做……tellsb（not）todosth.叫人（不要）做……ordersb（not）todosth.命令人（不要）做……PresentationHesaidtome,“Youdon’tknowmymother,doyou?”他對我說：“你不認(rèn)識我媽，是嗎？”→HeaskedmewhetherIknowhismotherornot.DirectSpeech（直接引語）IndirectSpeech（間接引語）TagQuestions（反意問句）andnegativeGeneralQuestions（否定一般問句）…asksbwhether…ornot問……是否……Presentation“CouldyoupleasetellyourmothertocometothepartyonSundayevening”AuntWangsaidtoLiMin.王阿姨對李敏說：“請你告訴你媽媽在星期日來參加舞會，好嗎？”→AuntWangaskedLiMintotellhermothertocometothepartyonSunday.DirectSpeech（直接引語）IndirectSpeech（間接引語）Requests（請求）…asksbto（not）dosth.請人（不要）做……begsb（not）todosth.求人（不要）做……Spotlight關(guān)于表示“請求”的直接引語變間接引語的問題在英語中，表示“請求”的句型有很多，常用的有下面幾個(gè)：①Will/Would/Couldyoupleasedo…?請您……好嗎？②Could/Canyoudo…?您能否……？③Pleasedomeafavortodo…請您幫我……④Wouldyoubesokindtodo…?請您……好嗎？⑤Pleasedo…請您……上述句型變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，用句型asksomeone（not）todosomething“請人（不要）做某事”。Spotlight“Couldyoubuymesomericewhenyoucomeback?”theoldmansaidtoFlora.老人對弗羅拉說：“你回來的時(shí)候，可不可以幫我買點(diǎn)米？”→TheoldmanaskedFloratobuyhimsomericewhenshecameback.“Wouldyoubesokindtosolvetheproblemforme?”theboysaidtous.那男孩對我們說：“請你們幫我解決這個(gè)問題，好嗎？”→Theboyaskedustosolvetheproblemforhim.“Wouldyoudomeafavourtoturndownthetelevisionalittle?”BettysaidtoAlice.貝蒂對愛麗斯說：“請您把電視機(jī)的音量關(guān)小點(diǎn)，好嗎？”→BettyaskedAlicetoturndownthetelevisionalittle.Practice1.Ican’tleave.ShetoldmethatI_____stayhereuntilshecomesback.（2009全國II）A.canB.mustC.willD.may答案：B。must可以用在主句為過去時(shí)的賓語從句中。2.Onreceivingaphonecallfromhiswifeshehadafall,Mr.Gordonimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice.（2011江西）A.says B.said C.saying D.tosay答案：C。hiswife為介詞賓語，后面不可能接謂語，只能接非謂語動(dòng)詞。鏈接高考Practice將下列直接引語變成間接引語。1.“Canyoulendmeyourdictionaryforawhile?”TomsaidtoFlora.2.“Iwilltrymybesttohelpyouwithyourmath,”theteachersaidtothegirl.3.“Willyoucometomyhouseandhavedinnerwithus?”Mike’ssisteraskedhim.4.“Ithinkthisisthemostexcitingmomentinyourlife,”myunclesaidtome.5.“Makesuretheelectricityisturnedoffwhenyouleave,”Mothersaidtome.6.“Couldyoumeetmeattheairportatseventonight,”Johnsaidtohisaunt.7.“Ilivedinasmalltowntenyearsago,”saidthedoctor.8.“Don’tmakethesamemistakeagain,”theteachersaidtotheboy.隨堂練習(xí)Practice答案1.TomaskedFloratolendhimherdictionaryforawhile.2.Theteachertoldthegirlthathe/shewouldtryhis/herbesttohelpherwithhermaths.3.Mike’ssisteraskedhimwhetherhewouldgotoherhouseandhavedinnerwiththem./Mike’ssisteraskedhimtogotoherhouseandhavedinnerwiththem.4.Myuncletoldmethathethoughtthatwasthemostexcitingmomentinmylife.5.MothertoldmetomakesuretheelectricitywasturnedoffwhenIleft.6.Johnaskedhisaunttomeethimattheairportatseventhatnight.7.Thedoctorsaidthathehadlivedinasmalltowntenyearsbefore.8.Theteachertoldtheboynottomakethesamemistakeagain.Practice選擇正確選項(xiàng)填空1.Herfriendsoftenaskher_______.A.howherhometownlookslikeB.howdoesherhometownlookC.whatdoesherhometownlooklikeD.whatherhometownlookslike2.Mygrandmothersays______Ipasstheentranceexaminationshewillbuymeacellphone.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD./3.Thegirlsaid_______atthetime.A.howworriedwassheB.howworriedshewasC.howworriedsheisD.howhewasworriedPractice4.Theofficerorderedtheguns_______tothefrontatonce.A.tosendB.tobesentC.besent