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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-哈爾濱電力職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whoishe

B.whoitis

C.whoheis

D.whoisit

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.whoishe他是誰(shuí)B.whoitis它是誰(shuí)

C.whoheis他是誰(shuí)D.whoisit它是誰(shuí)

【考查點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句。

【解題思路】分析句子可知,空格處為賓語(yǔ)從句,跟在動(dòng)詞go和see的后面,根據(jù)前一句“有人在按門鈴”可知,賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)要用who,從句要用陳述語(yǔ)氣,who指的是someone,所以要用代詞he,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、D項(xiàng)不是陳述語(yǔ)氣;

B項(xiàng)it不指人。

【句意】有人在按門鈴。去看看他是誰(shuí)。

2.單選題

Beforewemove,weshould()someoftheoldfurniture,sothatwecanmoreroominthenewhouse,

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discard

B.dissipate

C.cancel

D.conceal

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我們搬家之前應(yīng)該丟棄一些舊家具,以便為新家騰出更多的空間。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。discard丟棄,拋棄;dissipate驅(qū)散,消散;cancel取消;conceal隱藏。因此A符合句意。

3.單選題

Theelevationoftheassistantcoachtotheheadcoachingpositionwithinonly9monthswasasurprise.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.raise

B.promotion

C.transfer

D.precedence

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.raise加薪B.promotion(職位)晉升

C.transfer(工作)調(diào)動(dòng)D.precedence優(yōu)先

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析

【解題思路】原句從助理教練(assistantcoach)到主教練(headcoaching)是職位的晉升,B選項(xiàng)“(職位)晉升”最符合原文。原文elevation“提升”

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)raise“加薪”,原句側(cè)重職位提高,而不是工資的增加;

C選項(xiàng)transfer“(工作)調(diào)動(dòng)”,沒(méi)有B選項(xiàng)“(職位)晉升”具體;

D選項(xiàng)precedence“優(yōu)先”,不符合原文邏輯。

【句意】助理教練在短短9個(gè)月內(nèi)晉升為主教練,這是一個(gè)驚喜。

4.單選題

Intheinterestofnationalsecurity,thefederalgovernment______carriedoutitspsychicpetprogramatasecretand______location.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cogently…immaterial

B.stealthily…timorous

C.covertly…clandestine

D.blatantly…notorious

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.cogently…immaterial痛切地,中肯地……無(wú)形的,不重要的B.stealthily…timorous暗地里……膽怯的,膽小的

C.covertly…clandestine秘密地,偷偷摸摸地……私密的D.blatantly…notorious公然地,喧鬧地……聲名狼藉的

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】副詞和形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】第二個(gè)空格處和secret為并列成分,所以推測(cè)第二個(gè)空格與secret的詞義相近,選項(xiàng)中clandestine符合句意;從而也可以得出第一個(gè)空格處的副詞表示“秘密地”。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】為了國(guó)家利益安全,聯(lián)邦政府在一個(gè)秘密的地方秘密地執(zhí)行了它的靈寵計(jì)劃。

5.單選題

Toomuch()toX-rayscancauseskinbum,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disclose

B.exhibition

C.contact

D.exposure

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)disclose“公開,揭露”;B選項(xiàng)exhibition“展覽,顯示,展覽會(huì)”;C選項(xiàng)contact“使接觸,聯(lián)系”;D選項(xiàng)exposure“暴露,曝光,揭露”。句意:過(guò)多_____在X射線下會(huì)導(dǎo)致皮膚燒傷、癌癥或其他身體損傷。這里考查了固定搭配exposureto“暴露于”,因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Textinghaslongbeenbemoaned(哀嘆)asthedownfallofthewrittenword,“penmanshipforilliterates,”asonecriticcalledit.TowhichtheproperresponseisLOL.Textingproperlyisn’twritingatall.It’sa“spoken”languagethatisgettingricherandmorecomplexbytheyear.

First,somehistoricalperspective.Writingwasonlyinvented5,500yearsago,whereaslanguageprobablytracesbackatleast80,000years.Thustalkingcamefirst;wringisjustacraftthatcamealonglater.Assuch,thefirstwritingwasbasedonthewaypeopletalk,withshortsentences.However,whiletalkingislargelysubconsciousandrapid,writingisdeliberateandslow.Overtime,writerstookadvantageofthisandstartedcraftinglong-windedsentencessuchasthisone:“Thewholeengagementlastedabove12hours,tillthegradualretreatofthePersianswaschangedintoadisorderlyflight,ofwhichtheshamefulexamplewasgivenbytheprincipalleadersand…”

Noonetalkslikethatcasually—orshould.Butitisnaturaltodesiretodosoforspecialoccasions.Intheolddays,wedidn’tmuchwriteliketalkingbecausetherewasnomechanismtoreproducethespeedofconversation.Buttextingandinstantmessagingdo—andarevolutionhasbegun.Itinvolvesthecrudemechanicsofwriting,butinitseconomy,spontaneityandevenvulgarity,textingisactuallyanewkindoftalking,withitsownkindofgrammarandconventions.

TakeLOL.Itdoesn’tactuallymean“l(fā)aughingoutloud”inaliteralsenseanymore.LOLhasevolvedintosomethingmuchsubtlerandsophisticatedandisusedevenwhennothingisremotelyamusing.Joeelyntexts“Wherehaveyoubeen?”andAnnabelletextsback“LOLatthelibrarystudyingfortwohours.”LOLsignalbasicempathy(同感)betweentexters,easingtensionandcreatingasenseofequality.Insteadofhavingaliteralmeaning,itdoessomething—conveyinganattitude—justlikethe-edendingconveyspasttenseratherthan“meaning”anything.LOL,ofallthings,isgrammar.

Ofcoursenoonethinksaboutthatconsciously.Butthenmostofcommunicationoperateswithoutbeingnoticed.Overtime,themeaningofawordoranexpressiondrifts—meatusedtomeananykindoffood,sillyusedtomean,believeitornot,blessed.

Civilization,then,isfine—peoplebangingawayontheirsmartphonesarefluentlyusingacodeseparatefromtheonetheyuseinactualwriting,andthereisnoevidencethattextingisruiningcompositionskills.Worldwidepeoplespeakdifferentlyfromthewaytheywrite,andtexting—quick,casualandonlyintendedtobereadonce—isactuallyawayoftalkingwithyourfingers.

16.Whatdocriticssayabouttexting?

17.Inwhatwaydoestheauthorsaywritingisdifferentfromtalking?

18.WhyisLOLmuchusedintexting?

19.Exampleslikemeatandsillyarecitedtoshow().

20.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftexting?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itismainlyconfinedtoyoungsters.

B.Itcompeteswithtraditionalwriting.

C.Itwillruinthewrittenlanguage.

D.Itisoftenhardtounderstand.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itiscraftedwithspecificskills.

B.Itexpressesideasmoreaccurately.

C.Itdoesnothaveaslongahistory.

D.Itisnotaseasytocomprehend.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itbringstextersclosertoeachother.

B.Itshowsthetexter’ssophistication.

C.Itisatrendywaytocommunicate.

D.Itaddstothehumorofthetext.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thedifferencebetweenwritingandtalking

B.howdifferentlywordsareusedintexting

C.whypeopleusethewordsthewaytheydo

D.thegradualchangeofwordmeaning

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itfacilitatesexchangeofideasamongpeople.

B.Itisanewformofverbalcommunication.

C.Itdeterioratespeople’scompositionskills.

D.Ithastensthedeclineofthewrittenword.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】16、【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“critics”定位到文章的第一段第一句話“Textinghaslongbeenbemoanedasthedownfallofthewrittenword,“penmanshipforilliterates,”asonecriticcalledit”(長(zhǎng)久以來(lái),短信一直被認(rèn)為是書面文字的衰落,一位評(píng)論家稱它為“文盲的書法”)。選項(xiàng)C“它會(huì)破壞了書面語(yǔ)言”對(duì)應(yīng)這句話中的thedownfallofthewrittenword。A、B、D與評(píng)論家的說(shuō)法無(wú)關(guān),所以排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

17、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“writingisdifferentfromtalking”可定位到第二段第五句話“However,whiletalkingislargelysubconsciousandrapid,writingisdeliberateandslow”(然而,說(shuō)話很大程度上是潛意識(shí)的、快速的,而寫作則是深思熟慮的、緩慢的)可知deliberate這個(gè)詞來(lái)看,與B選項(xiàng)表達(dá)中的accurately最接近,所以最佳選項(xiàng)為B選項(xiàng)。A、D選項(xiàng)在文中沒(méi)有相關(guān)表述;C選項(xiàng)關(guān)于寫作的歷史第二段開頭可知,寫作是位于談話之后的,歷史也是很長(zhǎng)的,所以排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

18、【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“LOL”我們定位到文章中第四段第五句話“LOLsignalbasicempathy(同感)betweentexters,easingtensionandcreatingasenseofequality”(LOL代表了發(fā)信息的人之間基本的同感,以及緩和緊張氣氛和找到公平的感覺(jué))可知那么“同感”就對(duì)應(yīng)著選項(xiàng)A中的closertoeachother,即讓人與人之間的距離更近。所以最佳選項(xiàng)為A選項(xiàng)。LOL一開始的字面意義為“笑出來(lái)了”,甚至在沒(méi)什么好玩的時(shí)候也會(huì)使用它,但沒(méi)有關(guān)于其幽默的表述,所以排除D選項(xiàng);B、C選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有原文依據(jù),所以排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

19、【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“meatandsilly”可定位到第五段第三句話“Overtime,themeaningofawordoranexpressiondrifts—meatusedtomeananykindoffood,sillyusedtomean,believeitornot,blessed”(隨著時(shí)間的推移,一個(gè)單詞或短語(yǔ)的含義也在不斷變化——meat被用來(lái)表示任何一種食物,silly被用來(lái)表示,信不信由你,上天保佑)可知這是個(gè)舉例,而其觀點(diǎn)在前面部分,即“themeaningofawordoranexpressiondrifts”所以meatandsilly顯示出了詞語(yǔ)意義的變化。Drift對(duì)應(yīng)著D選項(xiàng)中的change。A、B、C均不符合題意,所以排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

20、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。文章第一段最后一句話“It’sa‘spoken’languagethatisgettingricherandmorecomplexbytheyear”(這是一種“口語(yǔ)”語(yǔ)言,它正變得越來(lái)越豐富和復(fù)雜)以及最后一段最后一句話“Worldwidepeoplespeakdifferentlyfromthewaytheywrite,andtexting—quick,casualandonlyintendedtobereadonce—isactuallyawayoftalkingwithyourfingers”(世界各地的人們說(shuō)話的方式和書寫的方式大不相同。短信——快速、隨意、只供閱讀一次的短信——其實(shí)是用手指在說(shuō)話)可知這兩句話都處于文章表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的段落,表達(dá)的意思為它是一種新的語(yǔ)言交流形式,和B選項(xiàng)構(gòu)成同義的關(guān)系。所以最佳選項(xiàng)是B選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)“它促進(jìn)了人們之間思想的交流”在文中有提及,但不能概括全篇內(nèi)容;C選項(xiàng)說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤,文中提到?jīng)]有證據(jù)表明短信正在破壞寫作技巧;D選項(xiàng)體現(xiàn)在本文第一句,但是不是作者的想法,所以排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Georgeisonlyastalking(),hismotheristherealboss

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.horse

B.cat

C.duck

D.tiger

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)horse“馬,騎兵,腳架”;B選項(xiàng)cat“貓,貓科動(dòng)物”;C選項(xiàng)duck“鴨子,鴨肉”;D選項(xiàng)tiger“老虎,兇暴的人”。stalkinghorse“用以掩人耳目的人(或物),用以掩蔽的事物,(為試探對(duì)手支持率而推出的)掩護(hù)性候選人”。句意:?jiǎn)讨沃皇莻€(gè)幌子,他媽媽才是真正的老板。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.寫作題

Writeanessayofabout200wordsonthetopic:“ChinaIsnotReadyforE-education”(E-education:atypeofeducationconductedintheenvironmentoftheInternetwiththeguidanceofmoderneducationaltheories).WriteyouressayonyourAnswerSheetII.

【答案】ChinaIsnotReadyforE-education9.單選題

Manypeoplethinkofdesertsas()regions,butnumerousspeciesofplantsandanimalshaveadaptedtolifethere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.remote

B.virgin

C.alien

D.barren

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)remote“遙遠(yuǎn)的;偏僻的;疏遠(yuǎn)的”;B選項(xiàng)virgin“純潔的;未經(jīng)利用的,處于原始狀態(tài)的”;C選項(xiàng)alien“外國(guó)的;性質(zhì)不同的;不相容的”;D選項(xiàng)barren“貧瘠的;不生育的;無(wú)益的”。句意:盡管很多人認(rèn)為沙漠是不生育的地區(qū),但是許多動(dòng)植物物種卻已適應(yīng)了那里的生活。由關(guān)鍵詞“deserts沙漠”的對(duì)應(yīng)知“不生育的”符合語(yǔ)境,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Inspiteofthe(

)economicforecast,manufacturingoutputhasrisenslightly.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.faint

B.dizzy

C.gloomy

D.opaque

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)faint“模糊的;頭暈的;虛弱的”;B選項(xiàng)dizzy“眩暈的;昏亂的;心不在焉的”;C選項(xiàng)gloomy“黑暗的;沮喪的”;D選項(xiàng)opaque“不透明的;不傳熱的;遲鈍的”。句意:盡管有……經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測(cè),但制造業(yè)產(chǎn)出略有上升。既然句中有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,說(shuō)明前半部分的經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測(cè)是負(fù)面的,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,表示“令人沮喪的經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測(cè)”。

11.單選題

Itisfutiletodiscussthematterfurther,because()goingtoagreeuponanythingtoday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.neitheryounorIare

B.neitheryounormeis

C.neitheryounorIam

D.neithermenoryouare

【答案】C

【解析】語(yǔ)法題——考查neither...nor...的用法。當(dāng)neither…nor…連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),需要遵循就近原則,即主謂一致,以靠近謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的,做主語(yǔ)的名詞作為人稱和數(shù)的參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn),由此可排除A選項(xiàng)。在英語(yǔ)中一般將“我”放在后面,排除D選項(xiàng);而B選項(xiàng)中的“me”錯(cuò)在賓語(yǔ)形式,此處需要主語(yǔ)形式“I”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。句意:這件事再討論也沒(méi)用了,因?yàn)榻裉炷阄叶疾粫?huì)達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn)的。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

()Irealizedtheconsequences,Iwouldneverhavecontemplatedgettinginvolved.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Evenif

B.Had

C.Aslongas

D.If

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。evenif“即使”;had在這里是表示動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的助詞;aslongas“只要”;if“(表示條件)如果”。句意:如果我意識(shí)到了后果,我絕對(duì)不會(huì)讓自己卷進(jìn)來(lái)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

13.單選題

DuringtheinitialstagesofinstructedL2acquisitionstudentslearnacouplethousand,mainlyhighfrequencywords.Functionallanguageproficiency,however,requiresmasteryofaconsiderablylargernumberofwords.Itisthereforenecessaryattheintermediateandadvancedstagesoflanguageacquisitiontolearnalargevocabularyinashortperiodoftime.Thereisnotenoughtimetocopythenatural(largelyincidental)L1wordacquisitionprocess.Incidentalacquisitionofthewordsisonlypossibleuptoapoint,because,onaccountoftheirlowfrequency,theydonotoccuroftenenoughintheL2learningmaterial.

AcquisitionofnewwordsfromauthenticL2readingtextsbymeansofstrategiessuchascontextualdeductionisalsonotasolutionforanumberofreasons.Thereappearstobenoalternativetointentionallearningofagreatmanynewwordsinarelativelyshortperiodoftime.Thewordstobelearnedmaybepresentedinisolationorincontext.Presentationinbilingualwordlistsseemsanattractiveshortcutbecauseittakeslesstimethancontextualpresentationandyieldsexcellentshorttermresults.Longtermretention,however,isoftendisappointingsocontextualpresentationseemsadvisable.

AnysuggestionsonhowtoimplementthisinpedagogiccontextsshouldbebasedonasystematicanalysisofthetwomostimportantaspectsoftheL2wordlearningproblem,thatistosay,selectingtherelevantvocabulary(whichandhowmanywords)andcreatingoptimalconditionsfortheacquisitionprocess.Thisarticlesetsouttodescribeacomputerassistedwordacquisitionprogramme(CAVOCA)whichtriestodopreciselythis:theprogrammeoperationalizescurrenttheoreticalthinkingaboutwordacquisition,anditscontentsarebasedonasystematicinventoryofthevocabularyrelevantforthetargetgroup.Toestablishitsefficiency,theprogrammewascontrastedinanumberofexperimentalsettingswithapairedassociatedmethodoflearningnewwords.Theexperimentalresultssuggestthatanapproachcombiningthetwomethodsismostadvisable.

36.FromwhattheauthorsaidinParagraph1,wecaninferthat______.

37.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystomasteralargernumberofvocabularyforacomparativelylonglimemayfallon______.

38.Whatdoestheword“pedagogic”inParagraph3mean?

39.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,theCAVOCAprogrammeaimsto______.

40.Thebesttitleofthispassageshouldbe______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.L2studentsshouldmakefulluseofincidentalacquisitionofthewordstoenlargetheirvocabulary

B.advancedstudentsshouldmasteratleastacouplethousandhighfrequencywords

C.advancedstudentsshouldacquirealargernumberofwordssoastoimprovetheirfunctionallanguagecompetence

D.itisimpossibleforL2studentstomasteralargernumberofwordsinashorttime

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.presentationinbilingualwordlists

B.contextualpresentation

C.presentationinisolation

D.attractivepresentation

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.ofteaching

B.practical

C.following

D.difficult

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.selecttherelevantvocabulary

B.createoptimalconditions

C.bringcurrenttheoreticalthinkingaboutwordacquisitiontoabetteruse

D.findoutthebestapproachtoenlargeL2students’vocabulary

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ComputerAssistedSecondLanguageVocabularyAcquisition

B.AnAbstractofComputerAssistedSecondLanguageVocabularyAcquisition

C.ASystematicApproachtoImproveVocabularyAcquisition

D.AnAbstractofSystematicApproachtoImproveVocabularyAcquisition

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】36.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

36.FromwhattheauthorsaidinParagraph1,wecaninferthat______.36.從作者在第一段所說(shuō)的,我們可以推斷______。

A.L2studentsshouldmakefulluseofincidentalacquisitionofthewordstoenlargetheirvocabularyA.第二語(yǔ)言學(xué)生應(yīng)充分利用詞匯的偶然習(xí)得來(lái)擴(kuò)大詞匯量

B.advancedstudentsshouldmasteratleastacouplethousandhighfrequencywordsB.高級(jí)學(xué)生應(yīng)該掌握至少兩千個(gè)高頻詞匯

C.advancedstudentsshouldacquirealargernumberofwordssoastoimprovetheirfunctionallanguagecompetenceC.高級(jí)學(xué)生應(yīng)掌握大量的詞匯,以提高其功能語(yǔ)言能力

D.itisimpossibleforL2studentstomasteralargernumberofwordsinashorttimeD.第二語(yǔ)言的學(xué)生不可能在短時(shí)間內(nèi)掌握大量的單詞

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】定位至文章第一段,從第二句“功能語(yǔ)言熟練需要掌握大量的單詞”,以及第三句“因此,在語(yǔ)言習(xí)得的中高級(jí)階段,有必要在短時(shí)間內(nèi)學(xué)習(xí)大量的詞匯”,可知,中高級(jí)學(xué)生在語(yǔ)言習(xí)得階段,必須掌握大量的詞匯,而功能語(yǔ)言也需要掌握大量單詞;綜合理解可推斷,中高級(jí)學(xué)生應(yīng)該掌握大量的詞匯來(lái)提高功能語(yǔ)言能力。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)定位第一段最后一句“偶然習(xí)得這些單詞只有在一定程度上是可能的,因?yàn)樗鼈兂霈F(xiàn)的頻率很低”,可推斷A項(xiàng)“第二語(yǔ)言學(xué)生應(yīng)充分利用詞匯的偶然習(xí)得來(lái)擴(kuò)大詞匯量”是錯(cuò)誤的,反向干擾;

B選項(xiàng)在文中只是提到“學(xué)習(xí)大量詞匯”,“高級(jí)學(xué)生應(yīng)該掌握至少兩千個(gè)高頻詞匯”中的具體數(shù)字無(wú)法從文中推斷,無(wú)中生有;

D選項(xiàng)“第二語(yǔ)言的學(xué)生不可能在短時(shí)間內(nèi)掌握大量的單詞”中的impossible使用太絕對(duì),而且也與原文相反,反向干擾。

37.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

37.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystomasteralargernumberofvocabularyforacomparativelylonglimemayfallon______.37.在較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)掌握大量詞匯最有效的方法之一可能是______。

A.presentationinbilingualwordlistsA.使用雙語(yǔ)單詞表

B.contextualpresentationB.情境呈現(xiàn)

C.presentationinisolationC.孤立地呈現(xiàn)

D.attractivepresentationD.吸引人的表達(dá)方式

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】第二段主要描述的是學(xué)習(xí)詞匯的各種方法及其可行性,根據(jù)第二段最后一句“……情境呈現(xiàn)似乎是可取的(contextualpresentationseemsadvisable)”,綜合理解可知,contextualpresentation(情境呈現(xiàn))在掌握大量詞匯上是可行的。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)定位至第二段最后兩句“用雙語(yǔ)單詞列表展示似乎是一個(gè)很有吸引力的捷徑,因?yàn)樗惹榫吵尸F(xiàn)花費(fèi)的時(shí)間更少,而且能產(chǎn)生優(yōu)秀的短期效果。然而,長(zhǎng)期留存率往往令人失望……”,從最后一句的however轉(zhuǎn)折可知,“使用雙語(yǔ)單詞表”不是一個(gè)有效的辦法,該項(xiàng)反向干擾;

C選項(xiàng)“孤立地呈現(xiàn)”雖然在第二段有提到,但是并沒(méi)有講述它是否是一個(gè)有效的辦法,該項(xiàng)曲解原文;

D選項(xiàng)“吸引人的表達(dá)方式”沒(méi)有提及,無(wú)中生有。

38.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

38.Whatdoestheword“pedagogic”inParagraph3mean?38.第三段中的“pedagogic”是什么意思?

A.ofteachingA.教學(xué)的

B.practicalB.實(shí)際的

C.followingC.接著的

D.difficultD.困難的

【考查點(diǎn)】詞義推測(cè)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞pedagogic定位至第三段第一句“任何關(guān)于如何在pedagogic情境中(inpedagogiccontexts)實(shí)施這一方法的建議,都應(yīng)以第二語(yǔ)言詞匯學(xué)習(xí)問(wèn)題的兩個(gè)極其重要的方面進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性地分析為基礎(chǔ)”,其中pedagogic是修飾contexts(情境);這一句是對(duì)上一段的銜接,上一段是討論了各種單詞習(xí)得的方法,最后得出“情境呈現(xiàn)(contextualpresentation)似乎是可取的”,而與情境呈現(xiàn)相關(guān)的是教學(xué),所以推測(cè)pedagogic指“教學(xué)的”的意思。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B選項(xiàng)“實(shí)際的”、C選項(xiàng)“接著的”和D選項(xiàng)“困難的”屬于曲解原文。

39.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

39.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,theCAVOCAprogrammeaimsto______.39.根據(jù)第三段,CAVOCA計(jì)劃的目標(biāo)是______。

A.selecttherelevantvocabularyA.選擇適中的詞匯量

B.createoptimalconditionsB.創(chuàng)造最佳條件

C.bringcurrenttheoreticalthinkingaboutwordacquisitiontoabetteruseC.使當(dāng)前關(guān)于詞匯習(xí)得的理論思維得到更好的應(yīng)用

D.findoutthebestapproachtoenlargeL2students’vocabularyD.找出擴(kuò)大第二語(yǔ)言學(xué)生詞匯量的最佳方法

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先定位至文章第三段,第二句對(duì)CAVOCA有描述“本文主要介紹一種努力實(shí)現(xiàn)這一想法的計(jì)算機(jī)輔助單詞學(xué)習(xí)軟件(CAVOCA),其操作原理就是單詞學(xué)習(xí)的現(xiàn)行理論,內(nèi)容就是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的目錄,涵蓋了那些學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)象需要的詞匯”,其中“這一想法”指的是第一句提到的“確定較為適中的詞匯量(哪些以及有多少單詞)并制定學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中的最優(yōu)條件”,綜合理解可知,CAVOCA的目的就是實(shí)現(xiàn)“選擇適中的詞匯量”和“創(chuàng)造最佳條件”這兩種方法,而這兩種屬于單詞習(xí)得的現(xiàn)行理論。綜上所述,可以推斷出CAVOCA計(jì)劃的目標(biāo)是使當(dāng)前這兩種詞匯習(xí)得理論思維得以應(yīng)用。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“選擇適中的詞匯量”和B選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造最佳條件”都不全面,以偏概全;

D選項(xiàng)“找出擴(kuò)大第二語(yǔ)言學(xué)生詞匯量的最佳方法”表述不正確,CAVOCA計(jì)劃是使詞匯習(xí)得的兩種理論辦法成為可行,而不是“找出辦法”,該項(xiàng)曲解原文。

40.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

40.Thebesttitleofthispassageshouldbe______.40.這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是______。

A.ComputerAssistedSecondLanguageVocabularyAcquisitionA.計(jì)算機(jī)輔助第二語(yǔ)言詞匯習(xí)得

B.AnAbstractofComputerAssistedSecondLanguageVocabularyAcquisitionB.計(jì)算機(jī)輔助第二語(yǔ)言詞匯習(xí)得研究摘要

C.ASystematicApproachtoImproveVocabularyAcquisitionC.提高詞匯習(xí)得的系統(tǒng)方法

D.AnAbstractofSystematicApproachtoImproveVocabularyAcquisitionD.提高詞匯習(xí)得的系統(tǒng)方法摘要

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】首先,定位首段和末段的核心句,首段第三句“在語(yǔ)言習(xí)得的中高級(jí)階段,有必要在短時(shí)間內(nèi)學(xué)習(xí)大量的詞匯”,以及末段最后一句“實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,兩種方法相結(jié)合的方法是最合適的”,可知該篇文章講述的是提高詞匯習(xí)得的方法;另外第二段對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)詞匯的有效辦法進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的描述,所以文章的主旨就是“提高詞匯習(xí)得的方法”。根據(jù)第三段第二句“本文(Thisarticlesetsoutto)描述了一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)輔助詞匯習(xí)得程序……”,可知,這篇文章是在介紹另外一篇文章,所以推斷這是一篇文章的摘要。綜合理解可知,D選項(xiàng)“提高詞匯習(xí)得的系統(tǒng)方法摘要”最適合文章標(biāo)題。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)輔助第二語(yǔ)言詞匯習(xí)得”和B選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)輔助第二語(yǔ)言詞匯習(xí)得研究摘要”概括不全面,以偏概全;

C選項(xiàng)“提高詞匯習(xí)得的系統(tǒng)方法”對(duì)文章體裁表述不正確,曲解原文。

14.單選題

Itisacuriousparadoxthatwethinkofthephysicalsciencesas“hard”,thesocialsciencesas“soft”,andthebiologicalsciencesassomewhereinbetween.Thisisinterpretedtomeanthatourknowledgeofphysicalsystemsismorecertainthanourknowledgeofbiologicalsystems,andtheseinturnaremorecertainthanourknowledgeofsocialsystems.Intermsofourcapacitytosampletherelevantuniverses,however,andtheprobabilitythatourimagesoftheseuniversesareatleastapproximatelycorrect,onesuspectsthatareverseorderismorereasonable.Weareabletosampleearth’ssocialsystemswithsomedegreeofconfidencethatwehaveareasonablesampleofthetotaluniversebeinginvestigated.Ourknowledgeofsocialsystems,therefore,whileitisinmanywaysextremelyinaccurate,isnotlikelytobeseriouslyoverturnedbynewdiscoveries.Eventhefolkknowledgeinsocialsystemsonwhichordinarylifeisbasedinearning,spending,organizing,marrying,takingpartinpoliticalactivities,fightingandsoon,isnotverydissimilarfromthemoresophisticatedimagesofthesocialsystemderivedfromthesocialsciences,eventhoughitisbuiltupontheveryimperfectsamplesofpersonalexperience.

Incontrast,ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverse,orevenifearth’sgeologicalhistory,caneasilybesubjecttorevolutionarychangesasnewdatacomesinandnewtheoriesareworkedout.Ifwedefinethe“security”ourimageofvariouspartsofthetotalsystemastheprobabilityoftheirsufferingsignificantchanges,thenwewouldreversetheorderofhardnessandseethesocialsciencesasthemostsecure,thephysicalsciencesastheleastsecure,andagainthebiologicalsciencesassomewhereinbetween.Ourimageoftheastronomicaluniverseistheleastsecureofallsimplybecauseweobservesuchafantasticallysmallsampleofitanditsrecord-keepingistrivialascomparedwiththerichrecordsofthesocialsystems,oreventhelimitedrecordsofbiologicalsystems.Recordsoftheastronomicaluniverse,despitethefactthatweseedistantthingsastheywerelongago,arelimitedintheextreme.

Eveninregardtosuchacloseneighborasthemoon,whichwehaveactuallyvisited,theoriesaboutitsoriginandhistoryareextremelydifferent,contradictory,andhardtochooseamong.Ourknowledgeofphysicalevolutionisincompleteandhighlyinsecure.

16.Theword“paradox”(Para.1)means“____”.

A.implication

B.contradiction

C.interpretation

D.confusion

17.Accordingtotheauthor,weshouldreverseourclassificationofthephysicalsciencesas“hard”andthesocialsciencesas“soft”because____.

A.areverseorderingwillhelppromotethedevelopmentofthephysicalsciences

B.ourknowledgeofphysicalsystemsismorereliablethanthatofsocialsystems

C.ourunderstandingofthesocialsystemsisapproximatelycorrect

D.wearebetterabletoinvestigatesocialphenomenathanphysicalphenomena

18.Theauthorbelievesthatourknowledgeofsocialsystemsismoresecurethanthatofphysicalsystemsbecause____.

A.itisnotbasedonpersonalexperience

B.newdiscoveriesarelesslikelytooccurinsocialsciences

C.itisbasedonafairlyrepresentativequantityofdata

D.therecordsofsocialsystemsaremorereliable

19.Thechancesofthephysicalsciencesbeingsubjecttogreatchangesarethebiggestbecause____.

A.contradictorytheorieskeepemergingallthetime

B.newinformationisconstantlycomingin

C.thedirectionoftheirdevelopmentisdifficulttopredict

D.ourknowledgeofthephysicalworldisinaccurate

20.Weknowlessabouttheastronomicaluniversethanwedoaboutanysocialsystembecause____.

A.theoriesofitsoriginandhistoryarevaried

B.ourknowledgeofitishighlyinsecure

C.onlyaverysmallsampleofithasbeenobserved

D.fewscientistsareinvolvedinthestudyofastronomy

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.implication

B.contradiction

C.interpretation

D.confusion

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.areverseorderingwillhelppromotethedevelopmentofthephysicalsciences

B.ourknowledgeofphysicalsystemsismorereliablethanthatofsocialsystems

C.ourunderstandingofthesocialsystemsisapproximatelycorrect

D.wearebetterabletoinvestigatesocialphenomenathanphysicalphenomena

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itisnotbasedonpersonalexperience

B.newdiscoveriesarelesslikelytooccurinsocialsciences

C.itisbasedonafairlyrepresentativequantityofdata

D.therecordsofsocialsystemsaremorereliable

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.contradictorytheorieskeepemergingallthetime

B.newinformationisconstantlycomingin

C.thedirectionoftheirdevelopmentisdifficulttopredict

D.ourknowledgeofthephysicalworldisinaccurate

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theoriesofitsoriginandhistoryarevaried

B.ourknowledgeofitishighlyinsecure

C.onlyaverysmallsampleofithasbeenobserved

D.fewscientistsareinvolvedinthestudyofastronomy

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】16.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第1段第1句Itisacuriousparadoxthatwethinkofthephysicalsciencesas“hard”,thesocialsciencesas“soft”,andthebiologicalsciencesassomewhereinbetween.(我們認(rèn)為物理科學(xué)是“硬科學(xué)”,社會(huì)科學(xué)是“軟科學(xué)”,而生物科學(xué)則介于兩者之間,這是一個(gè)奇怪的____。);第2句Thisisinterpretedtomeanthat…(這意味著我們對(duì)物理系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí)比我們對(duì)生物系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí)更確定,而生物系統(tǒng)又比我們對(duì)社會(huì)系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí)更確定。);第3句Intermsof…onesuspectsthatareverseorderismorereasonable.(然而,就我們對(duì)相關(guān)宇宙進(jìn)行采樣的能力而言,以及我們對(duì)這些宇宙的想象至少大致正確的可能性而言,有人懷疑顛倒順序更合理。)根據(jù)第2、3句判斷,第1句對(duì)三種的科學(xué)的排序有兩種完全相反的觀點(diǎn),B選項(xiàng)“矛盾”最相符,原文paradox意為“悖論”;A選項(xiàng)“暗示”、C選項(xiàng)“解釋”、D選項(xiàng)“困惑,不確定”不符合語(yǔ)境。因此,本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

17.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn),我們應(yīng)該扭轉(zhuǎn)我們對(duì)物理科學(xué)的‘硬’分類和對(duì)社會(huì)科學(xué)的‘軟’分類,因?yàn)開___”,可定位到原文第1段第3句Intermsofourcapacitytosampletherelevantuniverses,however,andtheprobabilitythatourimagesoftheseuniversesareatleastapproximatelycorrect,onesuspectsthatareverseorderismorereasonable.(然而,就我們對(duì)相關(guān)宇宙進(jìn)行采樣的能力而言,以及我們對(duì)這些宇宙的想象至少大致正確的可能性而言,有人懷疑顛倒順序更合理。)由此可知,顛倒順序與“采樣的能力”以及“現(xiàn)有觀點(diǎn)的正確性”有關(guān)。根據(jù)顛倒后的順序判斷,社會(huì)科學(xué)比物理科學(xué)的采樣能力很強(qiáng),正確性更大,D選項(xiàng)“與對(duì)物理現(xiàn)象的調(diào)查能力相比,我們對(duì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)象的調(diào)查能力更強(qiáng)”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“逆向排序有助于促進(jìn)物理科學(xué)的發(fā)展”,原文并未提及,排除;B選項(xiàng)“我們對(duì)物理系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí)比社會(huì)系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí)更可靠”,與原文意思相反,社會(huì)系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí)更可靠,排除;C選項(xiàng)“我們對(duì)社會(huì)制度的理解大致正確”,可定位到第1段第5句Ourknowledgeofsocialsystems,therefore,whileitisinmanyw

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