考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東工商學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東工商學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Traditionalfairytalesarebeingditchedbyparentsbecausetheyaretoo（

）fortheiryoungchildren,astudyfound.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scarce

B.scary

C.scared

D.scarred

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。scarce“缺乏的，不足的”；scary“可怕的，恐怖的”；scared“害怕的”；scarred“傷痕累累的”。句意：一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，父母?jìng)冋谵饤墏鹘y(tǒng)的童話故事，因?yàn)樗鼈兲植溃贿m合年幼的兒童。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

SomescientistshavesuggestedthatEarthisakindof,zooorwildlife（）forintelligentspacebeings,likethewildernessareaswehavesetuponearthtoallowanimalstodevelopnaturallywhileweobservethem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conservation

B.maintenance

C.storage

D.reserve

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。conservation“保存；保護(hù)”；maintenance“維護(hù)；維修”；storage“存儲(chǔ)；倉(cāng)庫(kù)”；reserve“存儲(chǔ)；自然保護(hù)區(qū)”，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處的名詞與wildlife一起同zoo構(gòu)成并列成分，根據(jù)后句中的allowanimalstodevelopnaturally“允許動(dòng)物自然生長(zhǎng)”，可知此處應(yīng)該選擇名詞reserve,wildlifereserve是“野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)”的意思。句意：一些科學(xué)家表示地球就像宇宙智能生物的動(dòng)物園或者野生動(dòng)物……，正如我們?cè)诘厍蛏显O(shè)立荒野地帶，允許在我們的觀察下讓動(dòng)物自然生長(zhǎng)。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。

3.單選題

Itisimportantthatanundergraduate（）agradepointaverageofBinhismajorfield.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.maintains

B.maintain

C.willmaintain

D.shallmaintain

【答案】B

【解析】Itis+adj.+that從句,從句結(jié)構(gòu)為should+動(dòng)詞原形,should可省略。

4.單選題

Eatingtoomuchfatcan______heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contributeto

B.attributeto

C.attendto

D.devoteto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)contributeto“（造成某情況）的一個(gè)原因”；B選項(xiàng)attributeto“把……歸因于”；C選項(xiàng)attendto“處理；照料”；D選項(xiàng)devoteto“獻(xiàn)身于；作……專用”。句意：攝入太多脂肪會(huì)______心臟病和引起高血壓。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，攝入太多脂肪是造成心臟病的原因之一，所以contributeto“（造成某情況）的一個(gè)原因”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Itisdevelopingaservicethatwillletyoucreateallonlineidentitythatcan（

）variousclaimsthatitwillbackup.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.plunge

B.assert

C.exert

D.insert

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)plunge“驟降；陷入”；B選項(xiàng)assert“維護(hù)，堅(jiān)持；斷言”；C選項(xiàng)exert“運(yùn)用，發(fā)揮”；D選項(xiàng)insert“插入；嵌入”。句意：它正在開(kāi)發(fā)一項(xiàng)服務(wù)，可以讓你創(chuàng)建所有的在線身份，可以……各種聲明并將備份。由句意可知B選項(xiàng)更符合。

6.單選題

Theconsumer（）inrecentyearshasledtoanexplosionofshoppingcenterdevelopmentinbigcitieslikeBeijing,ShanghaiandCanton.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.boom

B.pressure

C.summit

D.volume

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)boom“繁榮，迅速發(fā)展”；B選項(xiàng)pressure“迫使，密封”；C選項(xiàng)summit“頂峰，頂點(diǎn)”；D選項(xiàng)volume“成團(tuán)卷起”。句意：近幾年的消費(fèi)（）促使北京、上海和廣州這樣的大城市中的購(gòu)物中心快速地發(fā)展起來(lái)。這里的意思是“消費(fèi)的繁榮使得購(gòu)物中心發(fā)展”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Whenthecommittee（

）todetails,theproposedplanseemedimpractical.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.gotdown

B.setabout

C.wentoff

D.cameup

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組getdowndosth./doingsth.“開(kāi)始認(rèn)真注意（或?qū)Υ┠呈隆?。句意：?dāng)委員會(huì)著手討論所提出的計(jì)劃的細(xì)節(jié)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)該計(jì)劃似乎并不實(shí)際。結(jié)合句意可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Coffeeisthe（）ofthisdistrictandbringslocalfarmersalotofmoney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.majority

B.staple

C.spice

D.elite

【答案】B

【解析】句意:咖啡是這個(gè)地區(qū)的主要產(chǎn)品，給當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民帶來(lái)很多收入。

考查名詞辨析。majority大部分，大多數(shù)；staple主要產(chǎn)品，訂書(shū)釘，主食；spice香料，調(diào)味品，風(fēng)味；elite上層人士，掌權(quán)人物，精英。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

Youmusthavewaitedhereforalongtime,（）you?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mustn't

B.didn't

C.haven’t

D.hadn't

【答案】C

【解析】句意:你一定在這里等了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了，對(duì)嗎？

語(yǔ)法題?？疾榉戳x疑問(wèn)句。句中的反意疑問(wèn)句是對(duì)havewaited進(jìn)行反問(wèn)，因陳述句部分中有foralongtime,即完成時(shí)態(tài)，故反意疑問(wèn)句部分要用“haven’t/hasn’t+主語(yǔ)”。

10.單選題

Thewomanwearingitcouldexperienceachangeofpersonalitysimilartoafuzzygreencaterpillar’s（

）intoamaturebutterfly.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.metamorphosis

B.aviation

C.transcendence

D.rumination

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。metamorphosis“變形”；aviation“飛行術(shù)”；transcendence“超越；超然存在”；rumination“沉思”。句意：任何穿上它的女士都能體驗(yàn)到一種類似于從毛茸茸的綠色毛蟲(chóng)蛻變?yōu)槌赡旰膫€(gè)性轉(zhuǎn)變。由“change、caterpillar及butterfly之間的關(guān)系可知A項(xiàng)符合。

11.單選題

Hydrogenandoxygenarepresentinwaterinthe（）of1to8byweight.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rate

B.proportion

C.ratio

D.scale

【答案】C

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。rate，proportion，ratio，scale都有“比例”的意思，rate指比率，比值等，強(qiáng)調(diào)部分相對(duì)整體形成的比率；proportion指比例關(guān)系，在使用時(shí)通常不出現(xiàn)具體的比值；ratio指兩個(gè)量之間的比值，通常相關(guān)的兩個(gè)量必須在上下文中直接出現(xiàn)；scale指比例尺。句意：氫氣和氧氣在水中以1比8的重量比存在。本句表示氫氣和氧氣兩個(gè)量之間的比值。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Theanalysissuggeststhatthetradeoffbetweenourchildrencollegeandourownretirementsecurityischilling.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.frightening

B.promising

C.freezing

D.revealing

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“令人恐懼的”；B選項(xiàng)“有希望的，有前途的”；C選項(xiàng)“冰點(diǎn)以下的，結(jié)冰的”；D選項(xiàng)“揭露真情的，有啟迪作用的”；題干中chilling“令人恐懼的”，句意：分析表明，在孩子上大學(xué)和我們自己的退休保障之間的權(quán)衡令人不寒而栗。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

Inasudden______ofanger,themantoreupeverythingwithinreach.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attack

B.burst

C.split

D.blast

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)attack“攻擊；抨擊；動(dòng)手干”；B選項(xiàng)burst“爆炸；戳破；爆裂；（器官或血管）爆裂；裝滿；充滿感情；突然爆發(fā)（某種感情）”；C選項(xiàng)split“分離；使分離；劈開(kāi)；離開(kāi)；分解”；D選項(xiàng)blast“爆炸；損害；使枯萎”。根據(jù)固定搭配inasuddenburstofanger“突然爆發(fā)的憤怒”可知句意為：那人勃然大怒，把伸手可及的一切東西都撕碎了。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

HeisconsideredtobeanoutstandingartistbutIconsiderhisworktobequite（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mediocre

B.medium

C.moderate

D.intermediate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。mediocre意為“普通的”；medium意為“中等的，中級(jí)的”；moderate意為“有節(jié)制的”；intermediate意為“中間的，中級(jí)的”。由句中的but可知前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，再根據(jù)outstanding（杰出的）可知選A。

句意：他被認(rèn)為是一位杰出的藝術(shù)家，但我認(rèn)為他的作品十分普通。

15.單選題

Thechairmanremindedthelecturernottobecarriedawayand（）fromthetheme.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deviate

B.escape

C.descend

D.derail

【答案】D

【解析】deviatefrom為固定搭配,意為“脫離,偏離”。句意：主席提醒演講者不要忘乎所以,偏離主題。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

16.單選題

Electriceelsusechargesto______preyandalsostunthembeforetheyeatthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.examine

B.detect

C.determine

D.search

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)examine“檢查”；B選項(xiàng)detect“探測(cè)”；C選項(xiàng)determine“決定”；D選項(xiàng)search“搜索”。句意：電鰻利用電荷探測(cè)獵物，并在吃掉獵物之前把它們打暈。本句表示探測(cè)獵物。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Theproducersofinstantcoffeefoundtheirproductstronglyresistedinthemarketplacesdespitetheirmanifestadvantages.Furthermore,theadvertisingexpenditureforinstantcoffeewasfargreaterthanthatforregularcoffee.

Effortsweremadetofindthecauseoftheconsumers’seeminglyunreasonableresistancetotheproduct.Thereasongivenbymostpeoplewasdislikeforthetaste.Theproducerssuspectedthattheremightbedeeperreasons,however.Thiswasconfirmedbyoneofmotivationresearch’sclassicstudies,oneoftencitedinthetrade.MasonHaire,oftheUniversityofCalifornia,constructedtwoshoppingliststhatwereidenticalexceptforoneitem.Thereweresixitemscommontobothlists:hamburger,carrots,bakingpowder,bread,cannedpeachesandpotatoes,withthebrandsofamountsspecified.Theseventhitem,inthefifthplaceonbothlists,read“1lb.MaxwellHousecoffee”ononelistand“Nescafeinstantcoffee”ontheother.Onelistwasgiventoeachpersoninagroupoffiftywomen,andtheotherlisttothoseinanothergroupofthesamesize.Thewomenwereaskedtostudytheirlistsandthentodescribe,asfarastheycould,thekindofwoman(“personalityandcharacter”)whowoulddrawupthatshoppinglist.Nearlyhalfofthosewhohadreceivedthelistincludinginstantcoffeedescribedahousewifewhowaslazyandapoorplanner.Ontheotherhand,onlyonewomanintheothergroupdescribedthehousewife,whohadincludedregularcoffeeonherlist,aslazy;onlysixofthatgroupsuggestedthatshewasapoorplanner.Eightwomenfeltthattheinstantcoffeeuserwasprobablynotagoodwife!Nooneintheothergroupdrewsuchaconclusionaboutthehousewifewhointendedtobuyregularcoffee.

1.Thefactthatproducersfoundresistancetotheirproductdespitethefactthattheyspentmoreadvertisingmoneyoninstantthanregularcoffeeshowsthat（

）.

2.Inthisinstance,thepurposeofmotivationresearchwastodiscover

（

）.

3.Thisinvestigationindicatedthat

（

）.

4.Ontheresultsofthistest,theproducersprobablyrevisedtheiradvertisingtoshowa

（

）.

5.Impliedbutnotstated:（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.advertisingdoesnotassurefavorablesalesresult

B.companiesspentmoremoneyonadvertisingthantheyshould

C.peoplepaylittleattentiontoadvertising

D.themoreoneadvertisesthebetterthesalespicture

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.whypeopledrinkcoffee

B.whyinstantcoffeedidnottastegood

C.whyregularcoffeewassuccessful

D.therealreasonwhypeoplewouldnotbuyinstantcoffee

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.50percentofhousewivesarelazy

B.housewiveswhouseinstantcoffeearelazy

C.manywomenbelievethatwiveswhouseinstantcoffeearelazy

D.wiveswhouseregularcoffeearegoodplanners

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.lazyhousewifeusingregularcoffee

B.hardworkinghousewifeusinginstantcoffee

C.lazyhousewifeusinginstantcoffee

D.manobviouslyenjoyingthetasteofinstantcoffee

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Despiteitsadvantages,mostpeopledislikedinstantcoffeebecauseofitstaste

B.Theadvertisingexpenditureforinstantcoffeewasgreaterthanthatforregularcoffee

C.Veryoftenwedonotknowtherealreasonsfordoingthings

D.Tasteistheprincipalfactorindeterminingwhatwebuy

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目問(wèn)的是“盡管在速溶咖啡上花了比普通咖啡更多的廣告費(fèi)，但是生產(chǎn)商發(fā)現(xiàn)這種商品受到了消費(fèi)者的抵制，這說(shuō)明……”生廠商為他們的即沖咖啡做了大量廣告然而卻沒(méi)能得到消費(fèi)者的認(rèn)可，可以得出并不是所有的廣告都能起到預(yù)期效果，所以A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“在這個(gè)例子中，動(dòng)機(jī)研究的目的是為了發(fā)現(xiàn)……”。文章第二段第三句提到“生產(chǎn)商懷疑有更深層的原因”（Theproducerssuspectedthattheremightbedeeperreasons,however），由此可以得出這項(xiàng)調(diào)查是為了找出為什么消費(fèi)者不接受即沖咖啡這個(gè)產(chǎn)品。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“這項(xiàng)調(diào)查表明……”。文章最后一段提到家庭主婦認(rèn)為買(mǎi)速溶咖啡證明這個(gè)人非常懶惰，不是一個(gè)好妻子（Eightwomenfeltthattheinstantcoffeeuserwasprobablynotagoodwife），選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“根據(jù)這次試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果，生廠商有可能修改廣告的內(nèi)容，這表明……”。調(diào)查結(jié)果表明人們不買(mǎi)速溶咖啡的原因是它暗示家庭主婦懶惰或者不會(huì)精明持家，所以生產(chǎn)商應(yīng)該在轉(zhuǎn)變這種暗示上花功夫。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。題目問(wèn)的是“文章暗示但沒(méi)有說(shuō)明……”。文章提到消費(fèi)者不愿意買(mǎi)速溶咖啡是因?yàn)檫@種咖啡味道不好，卻忽略了更為深層的含義：只有懶惰的家庭主婦才會(huì)買(mǎi)這種咖啡。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

18.單選題

）

of

thedeliveryportandshippingisavailableat

anytime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.garage

B.cabinet

C.capsule

D.warehouse

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。garage“車庫(kù)”；cabinet“櫥柜”；capsule“膠囊”；warehouse“倉(cāng)庫(kù)”。句意：完成的產(chǎn)品都儲(chǔ)藏在一個(gè)交貨港的倉(cāng)庫(kù)里，隨時(shí)都可以交貨。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

19.單選題

Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted.Thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.

Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevaluetoadvertisersofsuchfine-grainedinformation:Shouldadvertisersassumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsentbehavioralads?Orshouldtheyhaveexplicitpermission?

InDecember2010America’sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga’’donottrack”(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed.Microsoft'sInternetExplorerandApple’sSafaribothofferDNT;Google’sChromeisduetodosothisyear.InFebruarytheFTCandDigitalAdvertisingAlliance(DAA)agreedthattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespondingtoDNTrequests.

OnMay31stMicrosoftsetofftherow:ItsaidthatInternetExplorer10,theversionduetoappearwindows8,wouldhaveDNTasadefault.

Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso.UnabletotellwhethersomeonereallyobjectstobehavioraladsorwhethertheyarestickingwithMicrosoft’sdefault,somemayignoreaDNTsignalandpressonanyway.

AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow.IfitistryingtoupsetGoogle,whichreliesalmostwhollyondefaultwillbecomethenorm.DNTdoesnotseemanobviouslyhugesellingpointforwindows8—thoughthefirmhascomparedsomeofitsotherproductsfavorablywithGoogle’sonthatcountbefore.BrendonLynch,Microsoft’schiefprivacyofficer,blogged:“webelieveconsumersshouldhavemorecontrol.”Coulditreallybethatsimple?

1.Itissuggestedinparagraph1that“behavioral”adshelpadvertisersto（

）.

2.“Theindustry”(Line5,Para.3)refersto

（

）.

3.TheauthorholdsthatsettingDNTasadefault

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph.6?

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardswhatBrendonLynchsaidinhisblogisoneof（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.easecompetitionamongthemselves

B.lowertheiroperationalcosts

C.avoidcomplaintsfromconsumers

D.providebetteronlineservices

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.onlineadvertisers

B.e-commerceconductors

C.digitalinformationanalysis

D.internetbrowserdevelopers

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.maycutthenumberofjunkads

B.failstoaffecttheadindustry

C.willnotbenefitconsumers

D.goesagainsthumannature

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose.

B.AdvertisersarewillingtoimplementDNT.

C.DNTislosingitspopularityamongconsumers.

D.Advertisersareobligedtoofferbehavioralads.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.indulgence

B.understanding

C.appreciation

D.skepticism

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“behavioral”ads定位至第一段:Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted.Thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy(俗話說(shuō)得好一半的廣告預(yù)算都被浪費(fèi)了，但問(wèn)題是沒(méi)有人知道是哪一半廣告預(yù)算被浪費(fèi)了。在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代，至少在理論上可以大幅減少這部分被浪費(fèi)的廣告預(yù)算。通過(guò)觀看人們?cè)诰€搜尋、點(diǎn)擊和說(shuō)什么，公司可以將‘行為’廣告針對(duì)那些最可能購(gòu)買(mǎi)東西的人)。由此可知B項(xiàng)“減少他們的運(yùn)營(yíng)成本”正確。

2.詞義題。根據(jù)題干定位至第三段:InDecember2010America’sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga“donottrack”(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed(2010年12月美國(guó)聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)向互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瀏覽器提供者們提議增加一個(gè)‘不要跟蹤’的選項(xiàng)，以便互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使用者可以告訴廣告商他們不想被跟蹤)由此可推知D項(xiàng)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瀏覽器開(kāi)發(fā)者”正確。

3.推理判斷題。第五段指出:GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso(盡管一些公司己承諾在得到不要跟蹤的信號(hào)后停止跟蹤，但是獲取該信號(hào)卻沒(méi)有強(qiáng)制任何人去這樣做)。因此C項(xiàng)“不會(huì)讓消費(fèi)者受益”正確。

4.判斷推理題。第六段:AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow(另外還不清楚微軟公司為何獨(dú)自將‘不要跟蹤’作為微軟網(wǎng)頁(yè)瀏覽器10的默認(rèn)設(shè)置。畢竟微軟公司也有網(wǎng)上廣告業(yè)務(wù)，盡管微軟公司聲稱自己的網(wǎng)上廣告業(yè)務(wù)將遵守‘不要跟蹤’請(qǐng)求，但是它仍然正在想如何進(jìn)行)。因此A項(xiàng)“‘不要跟蹤'可能不能達(dá)到它的預(yù)期目的”正確。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。第六段作者說(shuō):Coulditreallybethatsimple?這真的有可能那么簡(jiǎn)單嗎？因此D項(xiàng)“懷疑的態(tài)度”正確。

20.單選題

Everyonehasalegal（

）toprovidethetaxofficewithdetailsoftheirearnings.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.refinement

B.constriction

C.obligation

D.impulsion

【答案】C

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)refinement“改進(jìn)，改善”；B選項(xiàng)constriction“收縮，壓縮”；C選項(xiàng)obligation“義務(wù)，職責(zé)”；D選項(xiàng)impulsion“沖動(dòng)”。

句意：每個(gè)人都有法律義務(wù)向稅務(wù)局提供他們收入的詳細(xì)情況。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

21.單選題

Humansareforeverforgettingthattheycan’tcontrolnature.Exactly20yearsago,aTimemagazinecoverstoryannouncedthat“scientistsareonthevergeofbeingabletopredictthetime,placeandeventhesizeofearthquakes”.ThepeopleofquakeruinedKobe(神戶)learnedlastweekhowwrongthatassertionwas.

Noneofthemethodsraisedtwodecadesagohavesucceeded.Evennow,scientistshaveyettodiscoverauniformwarningsignalthatprecedesallquakes,letaloneanysignthatwouldtillwhetherthecomingquakeismildorakiller.Earthquakeformationcanbetriggedbymanyfactors,saysHirooKanamori,aseismologistattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.So,findingoneall-purposewarningsignisimpossible.Onereason:Quakesstartdeepintheearth,soscientistscan’tstudythemdirectly.

Ifaquakeprecursorwerefound,itwouldstillbeimpossibletowarnhumansinadvanceofalldangerousquakes.PlaceslikeJapanandCaliforniaarefilledwithhundreds,ifnotthousands,ofminorfaults(斷層).Itisimpossibletoplacemonitoringinstrumentsonallofthem.Andtheseinconspicuoussitescanbejustasdeadlyastheirbetter-knowncousinsliketheSanAndreasFault(圣安得列斯斷層).BoththeKobeandthe1994Northridgequakesoccurredonsmallfaults.

Predictionwouldbelessimportantifscientistscouldeasilybuildstructurestowithstandtremors.Whileseismicengineeringhasimproveddramaticallyinthepast10to15year,everynewquakerevealsunexpectedweaknessesin“quakeresistant”structures,saysTerryTullis,ageophysicistatBrownUniversity.InKobe,forexample,ahighwaythatopenedonlylastyearwasdamaged.

IntheNorthridgeearthquake,ontheotherhand,well-builtstructuresgenerallydidnotcollapse.Butengineershavesincefoundhiddenproblemsin120steel-framebuildingsthatsurvived.Suchstructuresaresupposedtoswaywiththeearthratherthancrumple.Theymayhaveswayed,butthequakealsounexpectedlyweakenedthejointsintheirsteelskeletons.Iftheshakinghadbeenlongerorstronger,thebuildingsmighthavecollapsed.

ArecentreportinScienceaddsyetmoreanxietyaboutlifeonthefaultlines.Researchersrancomputersimulationstoseehowquake-resistantbuildingswouldfareinamoderatesizetremor,takingintoaccountthatmuchofaquake’senergytravelsinalarge“pulse”offocusedshaking.Theresults:bothsteel-framebuildingsandbuildingsthatsitoninsulatingrubberpadssufferedseveredamage.

Moreresearchwillhelpexpertsdesignstrongerstructuresandpossiblyfindquakeprecursors.Butitisstillacertaintythatthenextearthquakewillproveonceagainthateveryfaultcannotbemonitoredandeveryhighwaycannotbecompletelyquakeproofed.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutKobe?

2.Theauthor’sfocusinPara.3ison______.

3.It’simpossibletoavoiddamagesinearthquakesbecause______.

4.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.

5.Thebesttitleforthispassagecouldbe______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Lastweek’squakeoccurredonsmallfaults.

B.Peopletherebelieveinscientists’abilitytopredictearthquakes.

C.Buildingsthereswayedwiththequakeratherthancrumpled.

D.Itcanbeexpectedthateveryfaultcanbemonitoredasaresultofmoreresearch.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theneedformoreresearch

B.theimpossibilitytopredictearthquakes

C.thedesigningofstrongerstructuresandthefindingofquakeprecursors

D.theimpossibilityofbuildingcompletelyquake-proofedstructures3.It’simpossibletoavoiddamagesinearthquakesbecause______.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.scientistscan’tstudyquakesthatoccurdeepintheearthdirectly

B.it’shardtobuildperfect“quake-resistant”structures

C.instrumentscannotbeplacedonalloftheminorfaults

D.alloftheabove4.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.well-erectedstructuresdonotcollapse

B.steel-framebuildingsurviveanyearthquake

C.buildingsinNorthridgewillprobablycollapseinastrongerearthquake

D.seismicengineeringhasimprovedenoughforstructurestoresistquakes5.Thebesttitleforthispassagecouldbe______.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.NatureIsbeyondHumanControl

B.Earthquakes:CanWeBringThemunderControl?

C.NewMethodsandStrongerStructurestoPredictandWithholdQuakes

D.Can’tWePredictEarthquakes?

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“關(guān)于神戶，下面哪個(gè)陳述是正確的？”。第一段最后一句提到ThepeopleofquakeruinedKobe(神戶)learnedlastweekhowwrongthatassertionwas.（上周遭受地震災(zāi)害的神戶人了解到這個(gè)宣稱錯(cuò)的多么離譜）可知，神戶上周發(fā)生了地震；結(jié)合文章第三段最后一句BoththeKobeandthe1994Northridgequakesoccurredonsmallfaults.（神戶地震和1994年的北嶺地震都發(fā)生在小斷層上）可知，A項(xiàng)“上周的地震發(fā)生在小斷層上”正確；B項(xiàng)“那里的人們相信科學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)地震的能力”與原文相反；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后兩句Theymayhaveswayed,butthequakealsounexpectedlyweakenedthejointsintheirsteelskeletons.Iftheshakinghadbeenlongerorstronger,thebuildingsmighthavecollapsed.（它們可能會(huì)搖晃，但地震也意外地削弱了它們鋼骨架的關(guān)節(jié)。如果搖晃的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)或更強(qiáng)烈，建筑物可能會(huì)倒塌。）可知，C項(xiàng)“地震導(dǎo)致建筑物搖晃，而不是倒塌”錯(cuò)誤；由文章最后一句話Butitisstillacertaintythatthenextearthquakewillproveonceagainthateveryfaultcannotbemonitored（但可以肯定的是，下一次地震將再次證明，不可能每一個(gè)斷層都被監(jiān)測(cè)到）可知，D項(xiàng)“可以預(yù)測(cè)到的是由于更多的研究，每一個(gè)斷層都可以監(jiān)測(cè)到”表述錯(cuò)誤。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“第三段中作者的重點(diǎn)是……”。根據(jù)第三段第一句Ifaquakeprecursorwerefound,itwouldstillbeimpossibletowarnhumansinadvanceofalldangerousquakes.（即使發(fā)現(xiàn)了地震前兆，也不可能在所有危險(xiǎn)的地震之前警告人類）和第三句Itisimpossibletoplacemonitoringinstrumentsonallofthem.（不可能把監(jiān)測(cè)儀器都放在小斷層上面）可以推知，想要預(yù)測(cè)地震是不可能的，因此B項(xiàng)“預(yù)測(cè)地震的不可能性”正確；A項(xiàng)“需要更多的研究”、C項(xiàng)“更強(qiáng)結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)和地震前兆的發(fā)現(xiàn)”和D項(xiàng)“建造完全抗震的結(jié)構(gòu)的不可能性”在該段都沒(méi)有提到。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“在地震中避免損害是不可能的，因?yàn)椤?。由文章第二段最后一句Quakesstartdeepintheearth,soscientistscan’tstudythemdirectly.（地震發(fā)生在地球深處，所以科學(xué)家不能直接研究它們）可知，A項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家不能直接研究發(fā)生在地球深處的地震”正確；由第四段第二句Whileseismicengineeringhasimproveddramaticallyinthepast10to15year,everynewquakerevealsunexpectedweaknessesin“quakeresistant”structures（盡管在過(guò)去的10到15年里，地震工程有了顯著的進(jìn)步，但每一次新的地震都揭示出“抗震”結(jié)構(gòu)意想不到的弱點(diǎn)）可知，B項(xiàng)“很難建造完美的抗震結(jié)構(gòu)”正確；由第三段第三句Itisimpossibletoplacemonitoringinstrumentsonallofthem.（不可能把監(jiān)測(cè)儀器都放在小斷層上面）可知，C項(xiàng)“儀器不能放置在所有的小斷層上”也符合原文。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)“以上所有”正確。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“這篇文章暗示……”。根據(jù)第四段第二句Whileseismicengineeringhasimproveddramaticallyinthepast10to15year,everynewquakerevealsunexpectedweaknessesin“quakeresistant”structures（盡管在過(guò)去的10到15年里，地震工程有了顯著的進(jìn)步，但每一次新的地震都揭示出“抗震”結(jié)構(gòu)意想不到的弱點(diǎn)）可知，D項(xiàng)“地震工程已經(jīng)改進(jìn)到足以使結(jié)構(gòu)抵御地震”錯(cuò)誤；由第五段中的Butengineershavesincefoundhiddenproblemsin120steel-framebuildingsthatsurvived.Suchstructuresaresupposedtoswaywiththeearthratherthancrumple.（但此后工程師們?cè)谛掖娴?20座鋼框架建筑中發(fā)現(xiàn)了隱藏的問(wèn)題。這些結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該隨地球搖擺而不是坍塌。）可知，B項(xiàng)“鋼框架建筑可以在任何地震中存活下來(lái)”也錯(cuò)誤；第五段第一句提到well-builtstructuresgenerallydidnotcollapse（建造良好的建筑物通常不會(huì)倒塌），但是A項(xiàng)“直立很好的結(jié)構(gòu)不會(huì)倒塌”沒(méi)有提及；由IntheNorthridgeearthquake,ontheotherhand,well-builtstructuresgenerallydidnotcollapse…Theymayhaveswayed,butthequakealsounexpectedlyweakenedthejointsintheirsteelskeletons.Iftheshakinghadbeenlongerorstronger,thebuildingsmighthavecollapsed.（另一方面，在北嶺地震中，建造良好的建筑物通常不會(huì)倒塌……它們可能會(huì)搖晃，但地震也意外地削弱了它們鋼骨架的關(guān)節(jié)。如果搖晃的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)或更強(qiáng)烈，建筑物可能會(huì)倒塌。）可推斷，C項(xiàng)“北嶺的建筑物可能會(huì)在更強(qiáng)的地震中倒塌”符合題意。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是……”。這篇文章主要講的是人類就目前的情況而言無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)地震以及無(wú)法非常有效的控制地震的問(wèn)題；A項(xiàng)“自然是人類無(wú)法控制的”范圍太大，故不選；C項(xiàng)“預(yù)測(cè)和抑制地震的新方法和更強(qiáng)的結(jié)構(gòu)”太片面；D項(xiàng)“難道我們不能預(yù)測(cè)地震嗎？”不符合文意，故排除；只有B項(xiàng)“地震：我們能控制它們嗎？”符合文章的主旨大意。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

22.翻譯題

HongKongisheldinhighregardandthereisadeepreservoirofgoodwillforHongKongaroundtheworld.HongKong’sstrongestsupportersinternationallyarethosewhoknowitwell,andthosewhohavevisitedHongKongsincetheHandover.ThereiswiderecognitionthatHongKong’sproximitytotheMainlandofChinaandtheexperiencetheHongKongbusinesscommunityhasindoingbusinessthererepresenttremendousadvantagesforHongKong.HongKongbusinesscommunitymustmovefastifitistofullyleveragethoseadvantages.

AnotherchallengefacedbyHongKongistheperceptionthatitmustdoabetterjobofpublicizingthesignificantaddedvalueitoffersinfaceofwhatisseenasthehighcostofdoingbusinessandlivinginHongKong.HongKong’speople,andtheirreputationforhardworkandentrepreneurship,areseenasoneofitsgreatestassets.However,thereisconcernexpressedbysomeinthecommunitythatsufficientstepsarenotbeingtakentomaintainhighstandardsofEnglishlanguagecapability,particularlywiththeyoungpeopleenteringtheworkforce.

【答案】【參考譯文】世界對(duì)香港的評(píng)價(jià)很高，有關(guān)香港的溢美之詞不勝枚舉。香港在國(guó)際上最堅(jiān)定的支持者是那些很了解它的人，和那些自香港回歸以來(lái)踏足香港的外地朋友。人們普遍認(rèn)為，香港與中國(guó)大陸毗鄰的地理位置以及香港商界的經(jīng)商經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)香港來(lái)說(shuō)都是巨大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。如果香港商界想要充分利用那些優(yōu)勢(shì)，那么必須快速地行動(dòng)起來(lái)。

香港面臨的另一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)是，在面對(duì)看似高昂的商業(yè)和生活成本時(shí)，需要認(rèn)識(shí)到更好地宣傳其所提供的重要附加值的必要性。香港人，以及他們努力工作和擁有創(chuàng)業(yè)精神的聲譽(yù)被看成是香港最主要的資產(chǎn)之一。然而，香港商界的一些人擔(dān)心，政府現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有采取足夠的措施去維持高水平的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言能力，尤其是進(jìn)入職場(chǎng)的年輕人的英語(yǔ)能力。

23.單選題

Mr.Goresaystheincreasing（）ofbushfiresinAustraliaisanexampleofhowquicklytheclimateischanging.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.viciousness

B.ferocity

C.maliciousness

D.malevolence

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)viciousness“邪惡，惡意”；B選項(xiàng)ferocity“兇猛，殘忍”；C選項(xiàng)maliciousness“惡意”；D選項(xiàng)malevolence“怨恨，狠毒”。句意：戈?duì)栒f(shuō)，澳大利亞越發(fā)肆虐的叢林大火是氣候變化速度之快的例證之一。這里是指火勢(shì)很猛，所以選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

24.單選題

（

）,itisquiteeasytodrillaholeinitwithalaser.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hardadiamondis

B.Hardasadiamondis

C.Asadiamondishard

D.Howhardisadiamond

【答案】B

【解析】句意:盡管金剛石是硬的，但是用激光在上面鉆孔很容易。

語(yǔ)法題。考查部分倒裝。這是一個(gè)as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的倒裝:形容詞+as+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),故選B。

25.翻譯題

Thepinpricktothecreditbubblecamewiththehousing-sectormeltdowninlate2006.Fromthatpoint,confidenceintheU.Sfinancialsystemeroded,especiallyasthesub-primetoxinseepedintothebanksandbrokeragesaswellasthosepartsoftheinsurancesectorlinkedtomortgages.Withconfidenceinthefinancialsectordeflated,attentionturnedtothecountry’smassivestructuralproblems—along-termimbalancebetweengovernmentexpendituresandrevenues,relatedtoongoingpressurefortaxcuts;therapidlyagingnationaltransportandcommunicationsinfrastructure;andMedicare,MedicaidandSocialSecurity,thecombinedcostofwhichisexpectedtogrow22percentfasterthantheeconomyoverthenextdecade.

【答案】信貸泡沫的小刺來(lái)自于2006年末房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)的崩潰。從那時(shí)起，人們對(duì)美國(guó)金融體系的信心受到侵蝕，尤其是當(dāng)次級(jí)債的毒素滲入銀行和券商以及與抵押貸款相關(guān)的保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)時(shí)。隨著對(duì)金融部門(mén)信心的下降，人們的注意力轉(zhuǎn)向了該國(guó)巨大的結(jié)構(gòu)性問(wèn)題——與持續(xù)的減稅壓力相關(guān)的政府支出和收入的長(zhǎng)期失衡；快速老化的國(guó)家交通和通信基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施；醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)（Medicare）、醫(yī)療補(bǔ)助（Medicaid）和社會(huì)保障（SocialSecurity），這些成本在未來(lái)十年的增長(zhǎng)速度預(yù)計(jì)將比經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度快22%。

26.單選題

Manycountrieshaveadoptedsystemsof（）educationinordertopromotetheaveragelevelofeducation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.constrained

B.compulsory

C.cardinal

D.conventional

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)constrained“強(qiáng)迫的，過(guò)于受約束的”，例如：aconstrainedconfession（逼供、被迫招供），constrainedemotions（受壓抑的感情）；B選項(xiàng)compulsory“義務(wù)的，必修的”，例如：compulsorymeasures（強(qiáng)迫手段），compulsoryservicesystem（義務(wù)兵役制）；C選項(xiàng)cardinal“主要的，基本的”，例句：RespectforlifeisacardinalprincipleofEnglishlaw.（尊重生命是英國(guó)法律最重要的原則）；D選項(xiàng)conventional“傳統(tǒng)的，慣例的”，例句：Thechairmanmadeafewconventionalremarks.（主席說(shuō)了幾句客套話。）。句意：為了提高平均教育水平，許多國(guó)家都采用了義務(wù)教育制度。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

27.單選題

Nomodernindustrialenterprisescan（）foramomentwithoutrulesandsetprocedures.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.make

B.do

C.try

D.perform

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞do可以用來(lái)表達(dá)完成一些日常的活動(dòng)或工作。注意，這些活動(dòng)通常都是沒(méi)有產(chǎn)出具體實(shí)物的活動(dòng)，所以do符合本題語(yǔ)義；make用來(lái)表達(dá)構(gòu)造、建立和創(chuàng)造的意思，用來(lái)表達(dá)創(chuàng)造出可以觸碰的實(shí)物的活動(dòng)，所以排除。C、D詞義不符。

28.案例題

PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedtothestandardmodelofthetime:male,middleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstoday,however,andyou'llgetacompletelydifferentimpression.Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen-theUniversityofPennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentisfemale.Youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.

Itmightbetempting,therefore,tothinkthattheoldbarriershavebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.But,increasingly,thisapparentdiversityisbecomingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.

Diversity,itseems,hasnothelpedtoaddressfundamentalweaknessesinbusinessleadership.Sowhatcanbedonetocreatemoreeffectivemanagersofthecommercialworld?AccordingtoValerieGauthier,associatedeanatHECParis,thekeyliesintheprocessbywhichMBAprogrammesrecruittheirstudents.Atthemomentcandidatesareselectedonafairlynarrowsetofcriteriasuchasprioracademicandcareerperformance,andanalyticalandproblemsolvingabilities.Thisisthencoupledtoaschool'spictureofwhatadiverseclassshouldlooklike,withtheresultthatpassport,ethnicoriginandsexcanallbecomeinfluencin