考研考博-英語-廣東南方職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東南方職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Ahealthydietincludeslotsof（

）naturalfoodwithplentyofproteinsandvitamins.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indigestible

B.wholesome

C.leftover

D.heavy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。indigestible難消化的；wholesome益于健康的；leftover剩余的，殘留物。句意：健康的飲食包含許多益于健康的純天然食物，這些食物含有豐富的蛋白質(zhì)和維生素。根據(jù)healthydiet可知空格處應(yīng)填B，答案B

2.單選題

Whybothercooking?Youdon'thavetime,ofcourse(oryouthinkyoudon’t).Thatisthebigreason.Butyoualsodon’tdoitaswellastheprofessionals,soit’stemptingtoletthemhandleitforyou.Oratleastletthemgiveyouaheadstartintheformofmeal-assemblyshops,cakemixesandcanned,frozenandpre-choppedingredients.MichaelPollanthinksyoushouldbother.Hislatestbook,Cooked,isapowerfulargumentforareturntohomecooking.

Scoresoffoodwritersandeditors,myselfincluded,havelonglamentedtheincreasinginfluenceofcorporationsonthepublic’sdiet.WehaveseentheslowretreatfromthekitchenasaprimarycontributiontoAmerica’sobesityepidemicandotherhealthandenvironmentalills.ButperhapsonlyPollancansoeffectivelypickupthethreadsofsomanyfoodmovements,philosophiesandresearchpapersandknitthemintoacompellingnarrativewithacrystal-clearmessage.Hewrites“Thebestwaytorecovertherealityoffood,toreturnittoitsproperplaceinourlives,isbyattemptingtomasterthephysicalprocessesbywhichithastraditionallybeenmade.”

Don'tbetagainsthim.Becauseofthepowerofhisproseandhisreasoning,CookedmayprovetobejustasinfluentialasPollan’sotherbook.TheOmnivore'sDilemma,possiblythesinglemost-citedtextbythosewhoprofessconcernwithhowoureatingchoicesaffectplanet.

AsinTheOmnivore’sDilemma,Pollanhaveknownthathiscredibilitydependsonawillingnesstopracticewhathepreaches,soinCookedhetakesjustasmuchofahands-onapproachashesuggestshisreadersdo.Hedividesthebookintofoursectionsinthiscase,theclassicalelementsoffire,water,airandearth.Eachrepresentsatypeofcooking-barbecue,braising,breadbakingandfermentation-and,asthebook’ssubtitlepromises,explorescookingasnolessthanatransformationofnatureintofoodanddrink.

Theresultsarefascinating,butthemagicofCookedliesnotinitsabilitytounlockthesecretsofslow-roastingawholehogorbrewingbeer.Therearemuchmorehelpful,intensiveinstructionalmaterialsforthatkindofthing.No,whatPollanpullsoffisevenmoreimpressive.HemanagestoilluminatethewealthofconnectionsthatstemfromourDIYtimeinthekitchen.“Tocookforthepleasureofit,”hewrites,“todevoteaportionofourleisuretoit,istodeclareourindependencefromthecorporationsseekingtoorganizeoureverywakingmomentintoyetanotheroccasionforconsumption.”

1.“Corporations”(Paragraph2)inthepassagerefertothosewho（）.

2.Toencourageareturntohomecooking.Pollanadvises（）.

3.WhatistrueaboutTheOmniore’sDilemma?

4.“Fermentation’’(Paragraph4)islikelytobetalkedaboutinthesectionof（）.

5.Thepassageismostlikelytobe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sellyoujunkfoods

B.teachyouhowtocookfoods

C.prepareorprocessfoodsforyou

D.dothehomecookingforyou

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.seekingforprofessionalhelp

B.teachingtheprocessesofcooking

C.understandingphilosophiesaboutfood

D.launchingmanyfoodmovements

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itexpressesconcernovertheenvironment

B.Itisaboutthedilemmatheplanetisfacedwith

C.Itisaboutthedilemmaofhomecooking

D.Itsauthortakesapractice-orientedapproach

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.fire

B.water

C.air

D.earth

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.areviewofabook

B.adefenseforacourseofaction

C.aguidebookforcooking

D.aninstructionforconsumingfood

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:詞義題。根據(jù)題干定位至第二段:Scoresoffoodwritersandeditors,myselfincluded,havelonglamentedtheincreasinginfluenceofcorporationsonthepublic’sdiet(包括我在內(nèi)的幾十位食品作家和編輯長期以來一直在哀嘆corporations對(duì)公眾飲食的影響越來越大)。因此對(duì)corporations的理解可參照上段:Butyoualsodon’tdoitaswellastheprofessionals，soit’stemptingtoletthemhandleitforyou(然而，你也可能做飯做得沒有專業(yè)人員那樣好，因此讓他們?yōu)槟闾幚盹埵俏说?，以及:Oratleastletthemgiveyouaheadstartintheformofmeal-assemblyshops,cakemixesandcanned,frozenandpre-choppedingredients(或至少讓他們以餐點(diǎn)裝配商店、蛋糕材料、罐裝、冷藏和預(yù)先剁碎的材料的形式給你一個(gè)有利的開端)。由此可知，corporations指那些為你準(zhǔn)備或加工食物的人。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:...Thebestwaytorecovertherealityoffood,toreturnittoitsproperplaceinourlives,isbyattemptingtomasterthephysicalprocessesbywhichithastraditionallybeenmade(要恢復(fù)食物的真實(shí)性，使它回到我們生活中的適當(dāng)位置，最好的方法就是試圖掌握傳統(tǒng)上制造食物的物理過程)，由此可知B項(xiàng)“教授烹飪的過程”正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞TheOmniore’sDilemma定位至第四段:AsinTheOmnivore’sDilemma.Pollanhaveknownthathiscredibilitydependsonawillingnesstopracticewhathepreaches(如同在《雜食動(dòng)物的困境》一書中一樣，Pollan知曉他的可信性依賴于愿意去實(shí)行他所講道的…)，由此可知D項(xiàng)“它的作者采取了一個(gè)以實(shí)踐為導(dǎo)向的方法”正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。倒數(shù)第二段指出:Hedividesthebookintofoursectionsinthiscase,theclassicalelementsoffire,water,airandearth.Eachrepresentsatypeofcooking—barbecue,braising,breadbakingandfermentation...(在這種情況下，他將這本書分為四個(gè)章節(jié)，即經(jīng)典的火、水、空氣和大地。每個(gè)代表了一種烹飪類型，即燒烤、燉、面包烤制和發(fā)酵…)，由此可知D項(xiàng)“大地”正確。

第5題:判斷推理題。倒數(shù)第二段提到:Hedividesthebookintofoursectionsinthiscase,theclassicalelementsoffire,water,airandearth.Eachrepresentsatypeofcookingbarbecue,braising,breadbakingandfermentation...(這種情況下，他將這本書分成四個(gè)章節(jié)，即經(jīng)典的火、水、空氣和大地。每個(gè)代表了一種烹飪類型，即燒烤、燉、面包烤制和發(fā)酵…)，由此推測(cè)這篇文章可能是一篇書評(píng)。

3.填空題

AustrianphysicianAlfredAdlertheorizedthatpeopleareprimarilymotivatedtoovercomeinherentfeelingsof________.(inferior)

【答案】inferiority

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】名詞。

【解題思路】feelingsof________是名詞所有格結(jié)構(gòu)，所以橫線處應(yīng)為名詞。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞inherentfeelings，可知這里講的和感受相關(guān)，feelingofinferiority的意思為“自卑感”，inferiority符合語境。

【句意】奧地利醫(yī)生阿爾弗雷德?阿德勒提出理論，即人們的動(dòng)機(jī)主要是克服內(nèi)在的自卑感。

4.單選題

HislecturesonRomanhistorywoulddocredit____arealexpert.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.to

C.of

D.with

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)in“在……里”；B選項(xiàng)to“向；對(duì)；為了”；C選項(xiàng)of“……的；關(guān)于”；D選項(xiàng)with“和；用；具有”。句意：他關(guān)于羅馬歷史的講座會(huì)____一個(gè)真正的專家。根據(jù)docredit____arealexpert推斷，此處考查短語docreditto“為……帶來榮光；提高……的身價(jià)”，空格處缺少的應(yīng)為B選項(xiàng)to。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

5.單選題

Youcannotexpectpeopletoworkhardunlessyougivethemsomekindof（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fascination

B.incentive

C.provocation

D.temptation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。fascination意為“魅力，著迷”；incentive意為“激勵(lì)，刺激，鼓勵(lì)”；provocation意為“挑釁，挑撥”；temptation意為“誘惑，引誘”。

句意：你不能指望人們努力工作，除非你給他們一些激勵(lì)。

6.填空題

We’re（1）alotoftrouble（2）ournewTVset.Weonly（3）itlastmonth,butwealreadyneedtocallarepairmantofixit.I（4）thatthesetisasgoodasweweretolditwasinthestore.Mywife（5）menottotrustthatsalesman!

【答案】1.having

2.with

3.bought

4.doubt

5.told

【解析】1.固定搭配。Havetroublewith在某方面有麻煩/困難

2.固定搭配。

3.語義題。句意:我們上個(gè)月才買的。

4.語義題。doubt懷疑。

5.語義題。Tell告訴。Told在這里暗含“警告”之意。

7.翻譯題

Directions:PleasetranslatethefollowingpassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

中國家庭十分重視孩子的教育。許多父母認(rèn)為應(yīng)該努力工作，確保孩子受到良好的教育。他們不僅非常情愿為孩子的教育投資，而且花很多時(shí)間督促他們學(xué)習(xí)。多數(shù)家長希望孩子能上名牌大學(xué)。由于改革開放，越來越多的家長能送孩子到國外學(xué)習(xí)或參加國際交流項(xiàng)目，讓其拓寬視野。通過這些努力，他們期望孩子健康成長，為國家的發(fā)展和繁榮做出貢獻(xiàn)。

【答案】Chinesefamiliesattachgreatimportancetochildren’seducation.Inordertoensuretheirchildrencanbewelleducated,manyparentsbelievethattheyshouldworkhard.Theyarenotonlywillingtoinvestintheirchildren’seducation,butalsospendalotoftimeurgingthemtolearn.Mostparentshopetheirchildrencangotoafamousuniversity.Thankstothereformingandopeningup,moreandmoreparentsareabletosendtheirchildrentostudyabroadorparticipateininternationalexchangeprogramstobroadentheirhorizons.Throughtheseefforts,theyexpecttheirchildrentogrowuphealthilyandmakecontributionstothedevelopmentandprosperityofthecountry.

8.翻譯題

WhenConAgraFoodscametoChinafiveyearsago,thecompanyhadhighhopesandbigworries.Previously,thecompanyenteredtheJapanesemarketandrepeatedlyranintoobstacleslikecommunicationbreakdowns,culturalmisstepsandmisseddeadlines.

Whilethosewrinkleswereeventuallystraightenedout，ConAgraknewitcouldnotaffordtomakethesamemistakeinChina.Intentonfindingaguidewhocouldshortentheculturaldistance,JulieWilliams,whowasthenthecompany’shumanresourcesmanagerresponsibleforinternationalorganization,hiredCarlaKearns,founderofTLI-TheMandarinSchool,basedinToronto,toprovideitsexecutiveswithinterculturalbusinesstraining.Ms.KearnsteachescompaniestounderstandthefundamentalvaluesthatWesternandChineseculturesseedifferentlyandthatifignoredcanwreakhavocontheirbottomline.Theyincludeconceptsoftime,hierarchy,individualism,personalrelationshipsandsavingface.WesternexecutivesflyingintoChinaforaweekofback-to-backmeetingsbutgettingnowherewiththeirChinesebusinesspartners?Theymaybeinvestingmoneyinthetrip,butnotsomethingjustasvital:time.RushedschedulesleavenotimeforskillfulnegotiationandcanoffendChinese,whowanttobuildtrustanddeveloprelationships,orguanxi,oftenbysocializingoverdinnersanddrinks.AnotherpitfalliswhenWesternerslayalltheproblemsonthetable,whileChinesewillonlyaddresstwoatanygivenmeetingbecausecriticismorblamewillmakethemlookbadinfrontoftheirpeers.WesternexecutivesassumingtheirbusinesspracticesaresuccessfuliftheirChineseemployeesdon’tobject?Thinkagain.Chinesearetaughttoobeyauthorityandareoftenloathtodisagreewiththeirbosses.

Ms.Kearnschargescorporationsabout$5,000foradayoftrainingfor5to100peopleandspeakstobothWesternersandChinese,focusingonthe“coregutreactions”eachaudiencehaswhenfacingculturalobstaclesattheoffice.

Parttherapist,motivationalspeakerandmanagementconsultant,Ms.Kearns,whohasworkedacrossEastAsia,beginsbytellingclientslikeConAgratoleavetheirWesternassumptionsathome.

“I’mabletoexplaintheseculturalissuestoWesternersbecauseI’vebeenthroughthatfrustration,too,”shesaid.“SomanytimesIseeWesternersgotoChinaandseesomethingdifferentthanwhathappensinNorthAmerica,anditbecomesthisjudgmentandcondemnation.”

【答案】當(dāng)最終克服這些困難后，康尼格拉公司深知決不能在中國重蹈覆轍?？ǘ魉菇虒?dǎo)企業(yè)要理解中西文化對(duì)基本價(jià)值的不同看法，忽視這些會(huì)帶來不良后果。

西方的管理人員飛到中國，一周內(nèi)開會(huì)不斷，但和中國商業(yè)伙伴卻無任何進(jìn)展？他們可以為旅行投資，而沒有為同樣重要的東西——時(shí)間投資。

另一個(gè)易犯錯(cuò)誤是西方人把全部問題擺到桌面上，而中國人在特定會(huì)議上只愿意討論少數(shù)幾個(gè)問題，因?yàn)榕u(píng)和責(zé)備會(huì)使他們?cè)谕忻媲皩擂巍?/p>

近年來外國公司大量涌入中國，催生了不少新興的文化交流和創(chuàng)新咨詢機(jī)構(gòu)，它們受雇對(duì)西方人和中國人就外語、管理風(fēng)格和企業(yè)文化進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)。稱職的文化培訓(xùn)者首先會(huì)談到中國多數(shù)職場(chǎng)新手了解的禮儀，如交換名片要用雙手，宴請(qǐng)時(shí)座次恰當(dāng)，這些可能有助于進(jìn)入會(huì)議室，但要成交且看到利潤顯然還需要細(xì)膩的方法。

她說：“因?yàn)槲以?jīng)也經(jīng)歷過這種挫敗，所以我能向西方人解釋這些文化差距導(dǎo)致的問題。”

9.單選題

Fumesfromtheexhaustofanautomobileare______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notorious

B.anxious

C.noxious

D.delicious

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)notorious“聲名狼藉的、臭名昭著的”；B項(xiàng)anxious“焦慮的”；C項(xiàng)noxious“有害的、有毒的”；D項(xiàng)delicious“美味的”；句意：汽車排氣管排出的煙霧是有害的。因此該題C項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Heisanactorof（）whohasneverabandonedhisprinciplesforthesakeofhisownbenefits.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.integrity

B.stability

C.scarcity

D.dignity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)integrity“完整，正直，誠實(shí)”；B選項(xiàng)stability“穩(wěn)定性，堅(jiān)定”；C選項(xiàng)scarcity“不足，缺乏”；D選項(xiàng)dignity“尊嚴(yán)，高貴”。句意“他是一個(gè)正直的演員，從不為了自己的利益而放棄自己的原則?！边x項(xiàng)A符合語境。

11.單選題

Withawidevarietyoffreshfruit（）available,cannedfruitisnolongersopopularasbefore.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.personally

B.readily

C.rarely

D.properly

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)personally“親自地；當(dāng)面；個(gè)別”；B選項(xiàng)readily“容易地；樂意地”；C選項(xiàng)rarely“很少地”；D選項(xiàng)properly“恰當(dāng)?shù)亍?。句意：隨著各種各樣的新鮮水果可（）獲得，罐頭水果不再像以前那樣受歡迎。根據(jù)語境，因?yàn)樾迈r水果容易購買，于是水果罐頭不那么受歡迎了，readily“容易地”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Ididn’treadtheblurb;I（）straightintothefirstchapter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dived

B.ran

C.plunged

D.read

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)diveinto“迅速把手伸入；投入；一心投入；跳入（指的是跳水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)動(dòng)作，運(yùn)動(dòng)員的那種頭朝下的）”；B選項(xiàng)runinto“遭遇，陷入；撞上，撞到；偶然遇見”；C選項(xiàng)plungeinto“投入；跳入（主要指暴力一些的進(jìn)入，比如車失控沖進(jìn)水里；人郁悶地把頭埋進(jìn)冷水盆里）；突然或倉促地開始某事；猛沖；使突然陷入；縱身投入”；D選項(xiàng)readinto“曲解；加上另外的意思于；隱藏某種意義”。句意：我沒有讀簡介，直接倉促地開始讀第一章。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

HesaysthatconstantthirstisanundesirableeffectofchemotherapyforwhichnoremedyexistsinWesternmedicalpractice,butcertainherbsdoprovidereliefforsuchpatients.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.protection

B.provision

C.theory

D.therapy

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.protection保護(hù)B.provision條款

C.theory理論D.therapy治療；療法

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】劃線詞前的句子意思為“他說，持續(xù)的口渴是化療的不良效果（Hesaysthatconstantthirstisanundesirableeffectofchemotherapy）”，劃線詞后的句意為“但某些草藥確實(shí)可以緩解這類患者的癥狀”，由后半句句意“緩解這類患者的癥狀”可知西方醫(yī)學(xué)是沒有真正能解決化療的不良效果的方法，即治療方法，所以D選項(xiàng)“治療，療法”符合句意。劃線單詞remedy“補(bǔ)救措施”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】他說，持續(xù)的口渴是化療的不良后果，在西方醫(yī)學(xué)實(shí)踐中沒有任何補(bǔ)救措施，但某些草藥確實(shí)為這類病人提供緩解。

14.寫作題

Writeanessayofnolessthan150wordsaboutyourviewpointstoopiniononthewritingclassforthePHDstudents.

【答案】

MyViewpointstoWritingClassforPhDStudents

15.單選題

Thetownplanningcommissionsaidthattheirfinancial（）forthenextfiscal

yearwasoptimistic;theyexpectincreasedtaxrevenues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.outlook

B.oversight

C.notion

D.subject

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：城市規(guī)劃委員會(huì)表示，他們對(duì)下一個(gè)財(cái)政年度的財(cái)務(wù)前景持樂觀態(tài)度；他們預(yù)計(jì)稅收會(huì)增加。

16.單選題

Yourattitudeshouldbethatofanemployeewho’stheretotalkaboutanewproject,ratherthanthemoreobsequiousattitudeofacandidatewho’shopingtogetanoffer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aggressive

B.servile

C.humble

D.confident

【答案】B

【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)aggressive“侵略性的，好斗的，有進(jìn)取心的，有闖勁的”；B選項(xiàng)servile“奴隸的，奴性的，卑屈的”；C選項(xiàng)humble“謙遜的，簡陋的，（級(jí)別或地位）低下的，不大的”；D選項(xiàng)confident“自信的，確信的”。句意：你的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是作為一名正在談?wù)撔马?xiàng)目的員工，而不是一名希望得到工作機(jī)會(huì)的求職者的奉承態(tài)度。Obsequious“諂媚的，奉承的，順從的”，B選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Whenthehostessreceivedmycomplimentonhernewcar,sherespondedwithgreatpleasureabouthowthecarisa（）buy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.modest

B.choice

C.superior

D.eloquent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A:modest“謙虛的”；B:choice“精選的”；C:superior“優(yōu)秀的，出眾的”；D:eloquent“意味深長的”。句意：當(dāng)女主人聽到我對(duì)她新車的贊美，她高興地對(duì)我講起來這輛車是如何精心挑選的。結(jié)合此處句意，故B為正確答案。

18.單選題

Inasudden______ofanger,themantoreupeverythingwithinreach.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attack

B.burst

C.split

D.blast

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)attack“攻擊；抨擊；動(dòng)手干”；B選項(xiàng)burst“爆炸；戳破；爆裂；（器官或血管）爆裂；裝滿；充滿感情；突然爆發(fā)（某種感情）”；C選項(xiàng)split“分離；使分離；劈開；離開；分解”；D選項(xiàng)blast“爆炸；損害；使枯萎”。根據(jù)固定搭配inasuddenburstofanger“突然爆發(fā)的憤怒”可知句意為：那人勃然大怒，把伸手可及的一切東西都撕碎了。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Undernormalcircumstancesthebodycan（

）thesenaturallyoccurringsubstancesintovitamins.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.convert

B.render

C.derive

D.originate

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。convert轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)變；render致使，提供；derive源于，獲得；originate發(fā)源，發(fā)生。句意：在正常情況下，身體可以將這些自然產(chǎn)生的物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為維生素。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

20.單選題

（

）herinterestinchildren,teachingshouldbetherightcareerforher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Giving

B.Give

C.Given

D.Togive

【答案】C

【解析】考查given的特殊語法。given充當(dāng)介詞，意思是“考慮到”。句意：考慮到她對(duì)孩子的興趣，教學(xué)工作應(yīng)該是她正確的職業(yè)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

21.單選題

（）suchasawashingmachineandmicrowaveofferalotofconveniencetopeopleintheirhousework.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Applications

B.Instruments

C.Appliances

D.Facilities

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)application表示“應(yīng)用；申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用程序”；B選項(xiàng)instrument表示“儀器；工具；樂器；手段；器械”；C選項(xiàng)appliance表示“裝置；器具，器械（尤指家用電器）”；D選項(xiàng)facility表示“設(shè)備，工具；容易；靈巧；才能；天賦”。根據(jù)awashingmachineandmicrowave（洗衣機(jī)和微波爐）可知，句意是指家用電器為人們?cè)诩覄?wù)上提供了很多方便。因此，本題的正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

22.單選題

It’sallannualback-to-schoolroutine.Onemorningyouwavegoodbye,andthat（1）eveningyou’reburningthelate-nightoilinsympathy.Intheracetoimproveeducationalstandards,（2）arethrowingthebooksatkids,（3）elementaryschoolstudentsarecomplainingofhomework（4）.What’sawell-meaningparenttodo?

Ashardas（5）maybe,sitbackandchill,expelsadvice.Thoughyou’vegottogetthemtodoit,（6）helpingtoomuch,orevenexamining:（7）toocarefully,youmaykeepthem（8）doingitbythemselves,“Iwouldn’tadviseaparenttocheckevery（9）assignment“sayspsychologistJohnRosemond,authorofEndingtheToughHomework.“There’sa（10）ofappreciationfortrialanderror.Letyourchildren（11）thegradetheydeserve,“Manyexpertsbelieveparentsshouldgentlylookovertheworkofyoungerchildrenandaskthemtorethinktheir（12）But“youdon’twantthemtofeelithastobe（13）.’’Shesays.

That’snottosayparentsshould（14）homework-first,theyshouldmonitorhowmuchhomeworktheirkids（15）.Thirtyminutesadayintheearlyelementaryyearsandanhourin（16）four,five,andsixisstandard,saysRosemond.Forjunior-highstudentsitshouldbe“（17）morethananhourandahalf/’andtwoforhighschoolstudents.Ifyourchild（18）hasmorehomeworkthanthis,youmaywanttocheck（19）otherparentsandthentalktotheteacherabout（20）assignments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.very

B.exact

C.right

D.usual

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.officials

B.parents

C.experts

D.schools

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Also

B.Even

C.Then

D.However

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.fatigue

B.confusion

C.duty

D.puzzle

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.there

B.we

C.they

D.it

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.via

B.under

C.by

D.for

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.questions

B.answers

C.standards

D.rules

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.off

B.without

C.beyond

D.from

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.single

B.piece

C.page

D.other

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.drop

B.short.

C.cut

D.lack

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.acquire

B.earn

C.gather

D.reach

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.exercises

B.defects

C.mistakes

D.tests

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.perfect

B.better

C.unusual

D.complete

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.forget

B.refuse

C.miss

D.ignore

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.have

B.prepare

C.make

D.perform

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.classes

B.groups

C.grades

D.terms

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.about

B.no

C.much

D.few

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.previously

B.rarely

C.merely

D.consistently

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.in

C.out

D.up

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.finishing

B.lowering

C.reducing

D.declining

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:D

第19題:A

第20題:C

【解析】（1）語義連接。Very修飾名詞,表強(qiáng)調(diào)。

（2）語義連接。空前說:toimproveeducationalstandards,可知學(xué)校為了提高教育水平向?qū)W生施壓。

（3）邏輯分析。此處為遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。句意:學(xué)校把大量的課本壓向?qū)W生,竟連小學(xué)生也在抱怨。

（4）名詞辨析。句意:連小學(xué)生都在抱怨作業(yè)太多。Fatigue疲勞，疲乏;confusion“混淆，困惑”;duty責(zé)任，職責(zé);puzzle困惑，迷惑。故A項(xiàng)符合句意。

（5）語義連接。這里缺一個(gè)代詞，指代后面的“sitbackandchill”，所以選it。

（6）介詞辨析。by表示“通過…方式”。

（7）名詞辨析。這里說家長幫孩子檢查作業(yè)，所以此處應(yīng)該是檢查作業(yè)的答案。

（8）固定搭配。。keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人干某事。

（9）語義連接。every與single搭配，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，”everysingleassignment”意思是“每一份作業(yè)”或“所有作業(yè)”。

（10）固定搭配。alackof缺乏。

（11）動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:讓孩子們得到應(yīng)得的分?jǐn)?shù)。所以答案在A和B之間。acquire意思是通過努力，慢慢地獲得(知識(shí)、技能等),而earn表示通過一番努力贏得、掙得。故選B。

（12）名詞辨析。句意應(yīng)為:家長看完孩子作業(yè)后,應(yīng)要求他們重新思考自己的錯(cuò)誤。

（13）形容詞辨析。此句中but表轉(zhuǎn)折。句意:但是也不能讓他們認(rèn)為作業(yè)必須完美/萬無一失。

（14）動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:這并不是說家長可以忽視孩子的家庭作業(yè)。

（15）動(dòng)詞辨析。這里表示孩子有多少家庭作業(yè)。

（16）名詞辨析。Grade表示“年級(jí)”。

（17）固定搭配。Nomorethan不超過。

（18）副詞辨析。句意:如果你的孩子不斷地超過這個(gè)作業(yè)量,那你就要與別的家長核對(duì)并同老師商討。

（19）介詞辨析。With表示“和…”。

（20）動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:那你就要與別的家長核對(duì)并同老師商討減少作業(yè)量。?

23.寫作題

Directions:Inthispart,youareaskedtowriteacompositiononthetitleof"EffectofResearchorStudyEventonMyLaterLifeandWork",withnolessthan200Englishwords.YourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingoutlinegiveninEnglish.PutyourcompositiononAnswerSheet2.

1.Whatisthemostunforgettableeventinyourresearchorstudy?

2.Whyisitsounforgettable?

3.Whatistheeffectoftheresearchorstudyeventonyourlaterlifeandwork?

【答案】略

24.單選題

PoorWilliamsisinhospitalagain.Theunluckyfellowseems（）toaccidents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prone

B.destined

C.bound

D.disposed

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)prone“俯臥的；有……傾向的，易于……的”；B選項(xiàng)destined“注定的；命定的”；C選項(xiàng)bound“有義務(wù)的；必定的；受約束的”；D選項(xiàng)disposed“有……傾向的；打算做……的”。句意：可憐的威廉再次住院。這個(gè)不幸的家伙看上去易于遭受事故。結(jié)合句意可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

ToliveintheUnitedSlatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorf'sassertionthatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationofknowledgeforpracticalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.

Yetwewoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation;itdoesnotexistnaturally.Aspearorarobotisasmuchaculturalasaphysicalobject.Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameorarobottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.Forabirdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthepurposeequallywell.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentatChernobylmakepeopleseehowimportantthehumanqualityoftechnologyis;theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlybecamecompletelydisorderedandtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisahumancreation,weareresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistsworrythatwewilluseourtechnologyeventuallytoblowourworldandourselvestopieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfordecades,andsofarwehavemanagedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewillcontinuetodosointheyearsaheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnologyonourlivesdeservesacloserexamination.

Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehadagreaterimpactonourlivesthanthecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershavedesignedspecializedmachinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.Therearethosewhoassertthattheswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthesamecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrialRevolution.YetwhenweaskwhytheIndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,wefindthatitwasnotthemachines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasarevolutionaryisthatitledtogreatsocialchange.Itgaverisetomassproductionand,throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealthwasnotconfinedtothefew.

Insomewhatsimilarfashion,computerspromisetorevolutionizethestructureofAmericanlife,particularlyastheyfreethehumanmindandopennewpossibilitiesinknowledgeandcommunication.TheIndustrialRevolutionsupplementedandreplacedthemusclesofhumansandanimalsbymechanicalmethods.Thecomputerextendsthisdevelopmentofsupplementandreplacessomeaspectsofthemindofhumanbeingsbyelectronicmethods.Itisthecapacityofthecomputerforsolvingproblemsandmakingdecisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandthatposesthegreatestdifficultiesinpredictingtheimpactonsociety.

1.Aspearorarobothasthequalityoftechnologyonlywhenit（）.

2.TheexamplesoftheChallengerandChernobylcitedbytheauthorservetoshowthat（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,theintroductionofthecomputerisarevolutionmainlybecause（）.

4.Byusingthephrase"thehumanqualityoftechnology"(line7,ParA.2),theauthorreferstothefactthattechnology（）.

5.Thepassageisbasedontheauthor's（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isusedbothasaculturalandaphysicalobject

B.isutilizedbyman

C.servesdifferentpurposesequallywell

D.canbeofusetobothmanandanimal

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ifnotgivencloseexamination,technologycouldbeusedtodestroyourworld

B.technologyisahumancreation,soweareresponsibleforit

C.technologyusuallygoeswrong,ifnotcontrolledbyman

D.beingahumancreation,technologyisliabletoerror

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thecomputerhasrevolutionizedtheworkingsofthehumanmind

B.thecomputercandothetasksthatcouldonlybedonebypeoplebefore

C.ithashelpedtoswitchtoaninformationtechnology

D.ithasagreatpotentialimpactonsociety

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.hasagreatimpactonhumanlife

B.hassomecharacteristicsofhumannature

C.canreplacesomeaspectsofthehumanmind

D.doesnotexistinthenaturalworld

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.keeninsightintothenatureoftechnology

B.prejudicedcriticismoftheroleoftheIndustrialRevolution

C.cautiousanalysisofthereplacementofthehumanmindbycomputers

D.exaggerateddescriptionofthenegativeconsequencesoftechnology

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第二段第三句“Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameorarobottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.”除非人們用矛去捕獲獵物或用機(jī)器人去生產(chǎn)機(jī)器零件，否則二者都只不過是硬梆梆的物體而已。也就是說只有為人類所用的時(shí)候，它們才具有科技含量，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“theChallengerandChernobyl”定位到第二段第五句：挑戰(zhàn)者號(hào)航天飛機(jī)的爆炸和俄羅斯切爾諾貝利核事故使人們認(rèn)識(shí)到技術(shù)的人為特征是多么重要。下文繼續(xù)提到，計(jì)劃良好的系統(tǒng)突然變得完全混亂，而且沒有現(xiàn)成的人手來糾正它們。因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)是人類創(chuàng)造的，容易出問題。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.根據(jù)第三段的倒數(shù)第二句“Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasarevolutionaryisthatitledtogreatsocialchange.”它之所以是革命性的，主要原因是它帶來了巨大的社會(huì)變革。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第二段所舉的例子可知，作者意在說明技術(shù)的人為性特征，即技術(shù)同人性一樣，存在弱點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.本題可用排除法。作者在文中并沒有對(duì)工業(yè)革命進(jìn)行批判，所以選項(xiàng)B不正確；大腦不會(huì)被電腦所取代，選項(xiàng)C也表述錯(cuò)誤；雖然科技有負(fù)面影響，但作者沒有進(jìn)行夸大的描述，所以選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。B,C,D三項(xiàng)均可排除，選項(xiàng)A正確，作者對(duì)技術(shù)的本質(zhì)有著敏銳的洞察。

26.寫作題

Directions:Chooseoneofthetwotopicstodevelopanessayofabout300words.

1.“Allyouneedinthislifeisignoranceandconfidence;thensuccessissure.”Howdoyouunderstandthisstatement?Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainhowtocultivateconfidenceandachievesuccess.

2.Itisgenerallybelievedthatreadingiscrucialtothinkingindependently.Doyouagreeordisagree?Illustrateyourpointsofviewontherelationshipbetweenreadingandthinking.

【答案】略

27.單選題

EveryoneknowsthatEnglishdepartmentsareintrouble,butitisdifficulttoappreciatejusthowmuchtroubleuntilyoureadthereportfromtheModemLanguageAssociation(MLA).

ThereportisaboutPh.D.programs,whichhavebeenindeclinesince2008.Theseprogramshavegottenbothmoredifficultandlessrewarding:today,itcantakealmostadecadetogetadoctorate,and,attheendofyourprogram,you’reunlikelytofindatenure-trackposition.

Thecoreoftheproblemisthejobmarket.TheMLAreportestimatesthatonlysixtypercentofnewly-mintedPh.D.swillfindtenure-trackjobsaftergraduation.Ifanything,that’swildlyoptimistic:theMLAgottothatfigurebycomparingthenumberoftenure-trackjobsonitsjoblistwiththenumberofnewgraduates.Butthatleavesoutthethousandsofunemployedgraduatesfrompastyearswhoarestilljob-hunting.

Differentpeoplewilltellyoudifferentstoriesaboutwhereallthejobswent.Somecriticsthinkthatthehumanitieshavegottentooweird—thatundergrads,turnedoffbyanoverlytheoreticalapproach,don’twanttoparticipateanymore,andthatteachingopportunitieshavedisappearedasaresult.Otherspointtothecorporatizationofuniversities,whichareincreasinglyinclinedtohirepart-time,“adjunct”professors,ratherthanfull-time,tenure-trackprofessors,toteachundergrads.Adjunctsarecheaper；perhapsmoreimportantly,theyareeasiertohire.

Thesetrends,inturn,arepartofanevenlargerstoryhavingtodowiththeexpansionandtransformationofAmericaneducationaftertheSecondWorldWar.Essentially,collegesgrewlesseliteandmorevocational.Beforethewar,relativelyfewpeoplewenttocollege.Then,inthenineteen-fifties,theBabyBoompushedcollegestogrowrapidly,bulkinguponprofessorsandgraduateprograms.Whentheboomendedandenrollmentsdeclined,collegesfoundthemselvesoverextendedandcompetingforstudents.Bythemid-seventies,schoolswereseekingoutnewconstituencies—amongthem,womenandminorities—andcreatingnewprogramsdesignedtoattractabroaderrangeofstudents.

Thosereformsworked:abouttwiceasmanypeopleattendcollegepe