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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-成都文理學院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

()afterbeinginthearmyfortwoyears.

問題1選項

A.Joecouldn’twaitforhisreturntohishome

B.TherewasastrongdesireonJoe’sparttoreturnhome

C.Joewaseagertoreturnhome

D.Joewantedhomebadly

【答案】A

【解析】考查句型結(jié)構(gòu)辨析。A選項“Joecouldn’twaitforhisreturntohishome”(喬迫不及待地要回家了);B選項“TherewasastrongdesireonJoe’sparttoreturnhome”(喬有回家的強烈愿望);C選項“Joewaseagertoreturnhome”(喬急于回家);D選項“Joewantedhomebadly”(Joy非常想家),句意:……在軍隊待了兩年之后。結(jié)合句意,可知,Joe迫不及待想回家,是一個進行的動作,由此可推測,A選項符合句意。因此答案為A選項。

2.單選題

Theydidconsiderableworkto()themassesoftheUnitedStateswiththeelementaryproblemsofLatinAmerica.

問題1選項

A.instruct

B.acquaint

C.impart

D.dictate

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。acquaintsb.withsth.使某人認識某事。句意:他們做了大量工作,使美國人民了解拉丁美洲的基本問題。選項B符合句意。

3.單選題

)youcanbringyourselftostophatingher,itsoundslikeanarrangementthatcouldworkoutrathernicely.

問題1選項

A.Sofaras

B.Solongas

C.Aswellas

D.Asoftenasnot

【答案】B

【解析】考察介詞短語辨析?!癮sfaras”就……而言;“solongas”只要;“aswellas”也,還;“asoftenasnot”時常;句意:只要你能使自己停止恨她,這聽起來就像是一個很有成效的做法。選項B符合句意。

4.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingtwotextscarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Ahundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically“proved”byeconomiststhatthelawsofsocietymadeitnecessarytohaveavastarmyofpoorandjoblesspeopleinordertokeeptheeconomygoing.(1)Today,hardlyanybodywoulddaretovoicethisprinciple.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatnobodyshouldbeexcludedfromthewealthofthenation,eitherbythelawsofnatureorbythoseofsociety.Theopinions,whichwerecurrentahundredyearsago,thatthepoorowedtheirconditionstotheirignorance,lackofresponsibility,areoutdated.InallWesternindustrializedcountries,asystemofinsurancehasbeenintroducedwhichguaranteeseveryoneaminimumofsubsistenceincaseofunemployment,sicknessandoldage.Iwouldgoonestepfurtherandarguethat,eveniftheseconditionsarenotpresent,everyonehastherighttoreceivethemeanstosubsist,inotherwords,hecanclaimthissubsistenceminimumwithouthavingtohaveany“reason”.(2)Iwouldsuggest,however,thatitshouldbelimitedtoadefiniteperiodoftime,let’ssaytwoyears,soastoavoidtheencouragingofanabnormalattitudewhichrefusesanykindofsocialobligation.

Thismaysoundlikeafantasticproposal,butso,Ithinkourinsurancesystemwouldhavesoundedtopeopleahundredyearsago.Themainobjectiontosuchaschemewouldbethatifeachpersonwereentitledtoreceiveminimumsupport,peoplewouldnotwork.(3)Thisassumptionrestsonthefallacyoftheinherentlazinessinhumannature;actually,asidefromabnormallylazypeople,therewouldbeveryfewwhowouldnotwanttoearnmorethantheminimum,andwhowouldprefertodonothingratherthanwork.

(4)However,thesuspicionsagainstasystemofguaranteedsubsistenceminimumarenotgroundlessfromthestandpointofthosewhowanttouseownershipofcapitalforthepurposeofforcingotherstoaccepttheworkconditionstheyoffer.Ifnobodywereforcedtoacceptworkinordernottostarve,workwouldhavetobesufficientlyinterestingandattractivetoinduceonetoacceptit.(5)Freedomofcontractispossibleonlyifbothpartiesarefreetoacceptandrejectit;inthepresentcapitalistsystemthisisnotthecase.

Butsuchasystemwouldnotonlybethebeginningofrealfreedomofcontractbetweenemployersandemployees;itsprincipaladvantagewouldbetheimprovementoffreedomininterpersonalrelationshipsineverysphereofdailylife.

【答案】1.而今天,幾乎沒有人再敢提出這條原則,現(xiàn)在人們一般認為,不能用自然法則或社會法則把任何人排斥在國家財富之外。

2.但我想建議,這種生活維持費必須限制在一定的限期內(nèi),譬如說2年,以避免鼓勵一種反常的態(tài)度,即不被承擔任何社會義務。

3.這種假設是依據(jù)這樣一種謬論:人的本性中具有內(nèi)在惰性。而實際上,除了特別懶惰的人以外,幾乎沒有人愿意只掙相當于最低生活費的錢,也沒有人愿意無所事事。

4.然而,有些人想利用資本所有權(quán)來迫使其他人接受提供的工作條件,從這些人的立場看來,對最低生活保障制度持懷疑態(tài)度不是沒有道理的。

5.只有雙方都能自由地接受和拒絕合同,才可能有立約自由:在目前的資本主義制度下情況并非如此。

5.單選題

[A]Allpeopledevelopattitudesonpublicissues:somemaynotbeinterestedinandotherssimplymaynothearaboutthem.Theattitudesthatareformedmaybeheldforvarious[B]reasons.Thus,fourmenmayallbeopposedtohigherpropertytaxes[C]butforverydifferentreasons.Onemanmaybeforhighertaxesinprinciple,buthe[D]opposesthembecauseheishavingtroublepayingthemortgageonhishouse.

問題1選項

A.Allpeople

B.reasons

C.but

D.opposes

【答案】A

【解析】考查語義。由冒號后句意“有些人可能不感興趣,而另一些人可能根本就沒聽說過”可知并不是所有人對公眾問題持有看法。應將A選項allpeople改為notallpeople。

6.單選題

Anairplane(

)inthemountain.

問題1選項

A.crashed

B.smashed

C.clashed

D.crushed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。crash“損毀,墜毀”;smash“粉碎,使破產(chǎn)”;clash“發(fā)出撞擊聲,碰撞”;crush“壓壞,損壞”。句意:飛機在山區(qū)墜毀了。A項符合題意。

7.單選題

Yourhelpis()forthesuccessoftheproject.

問題1選項

A.indispensable

B.indicative

C.inevitable

D.inherent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項indispensable“不可缺少的;絕對必要的”;B選項indicative“象征的;指示的”;C選項inevitable“必然的,不可避免的”;D選項inherent“內(nèi)在的;與生俱來的”。句意:你的幫助是這個項目成功不可缺少的。根據(jù)句中“thesuccessoftheproject這個項目成功”可知“不可缺少的”符合語境,因此A選項正確。

8.單選題

Theteachersuggestedthatherstudents()experienceswithESP.

問題1選項

A.writeacompositionontheir

B.towritecompositionaboutthe

C.wrotesomecompositionsofhisorher

D.hadwrittenanycompositionsforhis考查虛擬語氣。表示建議、要求、命令相關(guān)的單詞+that引導的賓語從句,從句要用虛擬語氣。其形式是should(可以省略)+動詞原形。句意:老師建議她的學生寫一篇關(guān)于他們有關(guān)ESP經(jīng)歷的作文。所以本題的正確答案是A選項。

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。表示建議、要求、命令相關(guān)的單詞+that引導的賓語從句,從句要用虛擬語氣。其形式是should(可以省略)+動詞原形。句意:老師建議她的學生寫一篇關(guān)于他們有關(guān)ESP經(jīng)歷的作文。所以本題的正確答案是A選項。

9.單選題

Thegovernmentwilltakesomeactionto()thetwobigquarrelingcompanies.

問題1選項

A.jigsaw

B.jot

C.impulse

D.reconcile

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析。jigsaw用鋸鋸;jot匆匆記下;impulse推動;reconcile調(diào)和。句意:政府將采取措施這兩家起爭執(zhí)的大公司。因此D項符合句意。

10.單選題

Hewassoangrythathejustcouldn’t()fromtellingthemwhathethought.

問題1選項

A.holdoff

B.holdon

C.holdback

D.holdup

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。holdbackfrom意為“抑制…阻止…”。句意“他非常生氣,忍不住把自己的想法告訴了他們?!边x項C符合句意。

11.單選題

Wehopethestudentswould(

)theinformationcontainedinthelecture.

問題1選項

A.associate

B.understand

C.assimilate

D.assess

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。associate意為“聯(lián)系”;understand意為“理解”;assimilate意為“吸收,消化”;assess意為“評定”。

句意:我們希望學生們能掌握講座中保護的信息。

12.單選題

1.

問題1選項

A.Thewoman’sconditioniscritical.

B.Thewomanhasbeenpickingupquitewell.

C.Thewoman’sillnesswascausedbyamosquitobite.

D.Thewomanwon’tseethedoctoranymore.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Well,justkeepyourarmstraightthere.Fine,therewillbealittlepricklikeamosquitobite.OK?Therewego.Ok,Iwillsendthatsampleoffandwe’llcheckit.Ifthesampleisok,wewon’tneedtogoonseeingyouanymore.

W:SoyouthinkI’mgettingbetter?

M:Absolutely.

Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?

【解析】細節(jié)題。女士問醫(yī)生自己是否好轉(zhuǎn),醫(yī)生回答當然。

13.單選題

MyniecehasbeentoSumatraandIranaswellasallofEurope;bythetimesheistwenty,she()almosteverywhere.

問題1選項

A.willbe

B.wouldhavebeen

C.willhavebeen

D.wouldbe

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我侄女曾經(jīng)去過蘇門答臘島、伊朗及全歐洲,等到她二十歲吋,她將幾乎去過所有地方。

語法題??疾閷硗瓿蓵r。分析句意可知空格處應使用將來完成時:shall/willhave+過去分詞,故選C。

14.翻譯題

我的英語有多好?對任何學習英語的人來說是最重要的一個問題。知道這個問題的答案不僅有助于樹立信心,而且如果你想取得更多的進步,知道這個答案是有用的,因為一旦知道已經(jīng)達到一個水平,你就會向下一個水平進軍??荚囋趯W習過程中發(fā)揮另外一個重要的作用——考試證明學習者在一種語言中是否熟練。通過語言考試遠不只是激勵了自己在語言方面的自尊心。如果你想到英國國家去念大學,或者你想找一份需要英語技能的工作的話,通過語言考試那就至關(guān)重要了。

【答案】HowgoodismyEnglish?ItisthemostimportantquestionforanyonelearningEnglish.Knowingtheanswertothisquestionbuildsyourconfidence.Moreover,it’susefulifyouwanttomakemoreprogress,becauseonceyouknowyou’vereachedonelevel,you’llmoveontothenext.Anotherimportantroletestsplayinthelearningprocessis—theyprovealearner’sproficiencyinalanguage.Passingalanguagetestismuchmorethanaboosttoone’sself-esteeminlearningalanguage.ItisvitalforyoutopassalanguagetestifyouwanttogotouniversityintheUK,orifyouwanttogetajobrequiringEnglishskills.

15.單選題

OntheafternoonofJuly2,1936,NaziSSleaderHeinrichHimmlerandacoterieofhisseniorofficersparadedonfootthroughthewindingcobblestonestreetsofQuedlinburg,oneofthemostperfectlypreservedmedievalcitiesinallEurope.Himmler’sstaffhadbeenplanningthetriptothesmallcityincentralGermanyforweeks.Theyorderedthestreetstobecleanedandtheoldhousesalongthemainthoroughfarestobepainted.TheydrapedNazibannersfromtherooftopsandgarlandsalongthewalls.TheyrehearsedtheSSband,drilledthelocalchapterofHitlerYouthandarrangedforanSSphotographertorecordtheproceedingsfrombeginningtoend.Nothingofimportancewasoverlooked.

Dressedinashinyblackhelmet,immaculateblackuniformandtallblackboots,Himmlermadehiswayupthecity’sCastleHill.Paleandanemic-looking,withaspindlyframeandaheadoneortwosizestoosmallforhisbody,helookedstrangelyoutofplaceamonghisentourageoftall,athletic-lookingSSmen.HestoppedtoadmireQuedlinburg’ssplendidstonecastle,thenproceededtoitslargemedievalcathedral—theultimateobjectofhispilgrimage.HimmlerdespisedChristianity,areligionthatpreachedcompassionfortheweakandthebrotherhoodofallmenandacceptedaJewasthesonofGod.ButtheQuedlinburgcathedralguardedsomethingofimmenseimportancetohim—thetombofanobscure10th-centuryGermanking,HeinrichI.

Himmlerwasenthralledbyancienthistory,andhewantedallSSmentosharehispassion.Indeed,heregardedthefeudalpastasablueprintforthefuturegloryoftheThirdReich.HeviewedHeinrichIasagreatleaderwhocouldserveasamodelforAdolfHitlerandplannedtotransformthecathedral’sdustytombintoanSSshrine.HimmlerstoodatthefootofthecryptandgaveaspeechexhortinghisofficerstopaycarefulheedtoGermany’sproudancientpast,“Justasatreewithersifitsrootsareremoved,soapeoplefalliftheydonothonortheirancestors,”helaterwarned.

Foryears,scholarsoftheThirdReichhaveridiculedHimmler’sintenseinterestintheGermanpast,dismissingoccasionssuchashisvisittoQuedlinburgasthefoolishnessofafanaticdrunkonpower.EvensomeseniorNazispokedfunathisardorforhistory.AsAlbertSpeer,Hitler’sformerchiefarchitect,jeeredafterthewar,Himmler“washalfschoolmaster,halfcrackpot”.ButHimmlerwasdeadlyseriousaboutreturningtheThirdReichtothelostgoldenageofhisimagination.In1935hefoundedalargeSSresearchinstitute,employingmorethan100GermanscholarstostudythepastandhelptutorSSmeninthewaysoftheirancestors.Withsuchresearch,heintendedtotransformvaststretchesoftheReichintomedievalfiefdomsruledbySSlords,aplanhebeganactingonbeforethewar.Farfrombeingadreamerlostinfantasy,Himmlerwasacareful,methodicalplannerwhoworkeddiligentlytowardthissinisterfutureinmuchthesametirelesswaythathelaboredoncreatingtheconcentrationcampsystemandimplementinga“finalsolution”.Indeed,thesewerethetwinpolesofhisexistence,theyinandyangofhisworld:thesqualid,crowdedcampsandthesunnySSfarmvillages.

Himmlersetaboutconstructingthisfutureinthreeways.Herecruitedtall,blond-hairedmentotheSSinordertoscientificallyrebreedwhathebelievedwasaprimevalmasterrace.Withthehelpofhisresearchers,heinstructedSSmenandtheirfamiliesinancientGermanreligion,loreandfarmingpractices.Andbeforethewarstarted,hebeganinstallingSSfamiliesin“feudal”villagesofnewlyfabricatedmedieval-stylehouses.HeplannedtocreatethousandsoftheseantiquecoloniesinconqueredlandsacrossEasternEurope.Inthisway,Himmlerhopedtogivebirthtoanewgoldenage,therebyreversingthedeclineofWesterncivilizationandrescuinghumanityfromitsmire.Thiswassocialengineeringinitsmostswaggering,arrogantform—utopianismgonehorriblywrong.ButHimmler,whorosetobecomethesecondmostpowerfulmanintheReichbyearly1945asHitler’shealthfailed,follyintendedtocarryoutthatplanifNaziGermanywonthewar.OnlycrushingdefeatbytheAlliesstoppedhim.

1.Whichofthefollowingexpressionsisclosestinmeaningto“coterie”?

2.WhichofthefollowingphrasesbestdescribeshowHimmlerintendedallSSmentoassimilateGermany’sfeudalpast?

3.Fromthispassage,itisclearthatHimmlerprimarilyintended(

).

4.ForAlbertSpeerHimmlerwas“halfschoolmaster,halfcrackpot”.Inwhichofthefollowingisthemeaningofthisquoteclosest?

5.Fortheauthor,Himmlerwouldbestbedescribedas(

).

問題1選項

A.Aselectedgroupofpersonswhoassociatewithoneanotherfrequently.

B.Alargenumberofpersonswithwhomonemightmeetonsocialoccasions.

C.Anindiscriminategroupofpersonswhoassociatewithoneanotheronrareoccasions.

D.Alargenumberofpersonswhoassociatewithoneanothertodiscusspoliticalmatters.

問題2選項

A.Esotericcultandpractices.

B.Eccentricapproach.

C.Catatonicstate.

D.Histrionicdisorder.

問題3選項

A.tobringancientagriculturalpracticesinto20thcenturyGermany

B.toreturntoaprosperouseraduringwhichtheGermanpeoplelivedinidealhappiness

C.toencouragethedevelopmentofmulticulturalisminameltingpotsociety

D.toeliminateallthosewhocouldhavethreatenedhisrisetopower

問題4選項

A.Himmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpastwasregardedasabsurd.

B.Himmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpastprovokedintenserivalryamongotherprominentNazileaders.

C.Himmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpastprovokedwidespreademulationamongstotherprominentNazileaders.

D.OthershadtheprivilegeofstudyingtheaweinspiringbreadthanddepthofHimmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpast.

問題5選項

A.autopianreformer

B.anincurableromanticlostintime

C.animprobablevisionary

D.alevel-headedpurpose-drivenman

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。題干中關(guān)鍵詞coterie出現(xiàn)在文章首段首句,acoterieof用來修飾后面的hisseniorofficers,是量詞。前面主人公是納粹黨衛(wèi)軍領(lǐng)袖,他與軍官們自然是處于同一陣線的。A選項“經(jīng)?;ハ嘟煌囊唤M人”;B選項“一個人在社交場合可能會遇到的許多人”;C選項“無差別的一群人,只會在極少數(shù)情況下有往來”;D選項“許多人互相聯(lián)系討論政治問題”。軍隊領(lǐng)袖與他的軍官之間自然是屬于第一類“經(jīng)?;ハ嘟煌囊唤M人”。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。本題關(guān)鍵在于“howHimmlerintendedallSSmentoassimilateGermany’sfeudalpast(希姆萊打算如何讓所有黨衛(wèi)軍成員同化德國的封建歷史)”,相關(guān)信息出現(xiàn)在第三段第二句“heregardedthefeudalpastasablueprintforthefuturegloryoftheThirdReich”,他認為過去的封建制度是第三帝國輝煌的未來藍圖。緊跟著第三句說到“...plannedtotransformthecathedral’sdustytombintoanSSshrine”,計劃將大教堂布滿灰塵的墳墓變成黨衛(wèi)軍的圣地。在最后一段第三句中提到“…h(huán)einstructedSSmenandtheirfamiliesinancientGermanreligion,loreandfarmingpractices”,他教導黨衛(wèi)軍士兵和他們的家人學習古德國的宗教、知識和耕作方法。對比選項可知,A選項“宗教信仰和實踐”符合題意。

第3題:3.判斷推理題。本題關(guān)鍵在于“Himmlerprimarilyintended(希姆萊主要目的是)”,最后兩段說了希姆萊的一些做法及計劃,但是關(guān)鍵在于最后一段中第六句說到“Inthisway,Himmlerhopedtogivebirthtoanewgoldenage,therebyreversingthedeclineofWesterncivilizationandrescuinghumanityfromitsmire”,通過這種方式,希姆萊希望創(chuàng)造出一個新的黃金時代,從而扭轉(zhuǎn)西方文明的衰落,將人類從泥潭中拯救出來。因此,希姆萊的主要意圖是B選項“復興德國人曾幸福生活的繁榮時代”。

第4題:4.語義題。AlbertSpeer對于希姆萊的這句評價出現(xiàn)在文章第四段第三句,他人的評價可以認為是“果”,而“因”則要往前面找。本段第一句說到“Foryears,scholarsoftheThirdReichhaveridiculedHimmler’sintenseinterestintheGermanpast,dismissingoccasionssuchashisvisittoQuedlinburgasthefoolishnessofafanaticdrunkonpower.”第三帝國的學者們一直嘲笑希姆萊對德國歷史的濃厚興趣,認為像他訪問奎德林堡這樣的場合是一個醉心于權(quán)力的狂熱分子的愚蠢行為。換句話說希姆萊對德國中世紀歷史的熱愛被認為是荒謬的,A選項符合題意。

第5題:5.觀點態(tài)度題。作者在第四段對于希姆萊做了這樣的評價“Farfrombeingadreamerlostinfantasy,Himmlerwasacareful,methodicalplanner”,說他并不是迷失在幻想中的夢想家,而是細心、有條理的策劃者。A選項autopianreformer“一個烏托邦式的改革者”;B選項anincurableromanticlostintime“迷失在時間里的無可救藥的浪漫主義者”;C選項animprobablevisionary“一個幾乎不可能的空想家”;D選項alevel-headedpurpose-drivenman“頭腦冷靜、目標明確的人”。綜合選項與文意可知D選項正確。

16.單選題

NASAiscastingawidernetinthespaceshuttleinvestigationastowhatcausedthespacecrafttoswingoutofcontroland()momentsbeforeitwastoland.

問題1選項

A.disassemble

B.disembark

C.disintegrate

D.disinherit

【答案】C

【解析】考查同形詞詞義辨析。disassemble“拆開;解開”;disembark“登錄;上岸”;disintegrate“瓦解;破裂”;disinherit“剝奪……的繼承權(quán)”,飛船失去控制的搖擺,然后在快要著陸的瞬間應該會發(fā)生比較嚴重的事件,分析四個選項的意思可知此處只有disintegrate符合句子意思。句意:美國宇航局全方位的展開了對航天飛機的調(diào)查,關(guān)于是什么導致了飛船失去控制的搖擺,并在最后要著陸的時候……了。故正確答案為選項C。

17.單選題

Marywantedtoturnnaturalhistoryintoasciencethatwould(

)physicsandchemistry.

問題1選項

A.bethesameas

B.rankwith

C.beatissue

D.takeon

【答案】B

【解析】句意:瑪麗想要將自然歷史變成與物理和化學并列的一門學科。

考查短語辨析。bethesameas與…相同;rankwith與…并列;beatissue爭論不休;takeon承擔,呈現(xiàn),接納,雇用。故B符合句意。

18.單選題

ThenewdesignsoftheChristmasstampsarealwayswaitedforwithkeen

.

問題1選項

A.irritation

B.prediction

C.reception

D.anticipation

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。irritation“刺激,激怒”;prediction“預報,預言”;reception“接待,接收”;anticipation“預料,預期”。句意:人們總是熱切地期待著新設計的圣誕郵票。選項D符合題意。

19.翻譯題

Oncethefirstlaughterhadbeenlaughedbyprimitiveman,withsuchapparentlypleasurableeffectsallaround,laughterbegantotakeonanintrinsicvaluewithinthesocietyofman.Thepersonpossessingtheabilitytocommunicatepleasureinaloudlaughbegantoenjoysocialadvantagesoverhismoreseriouscolleagues,hebecamea“goodmixer”sociallyselectedandlikedbysociety.Thustheprocessofnaturalselection(thesurvivalofthefittest)wouldtendtooperateinfavorofthoseabletoexpresstheirpleasurablestatesinlaugher,ascomparedwiththosenotsoable.Throughoutthecourseofevolution,laughterwouldbecomeestablishedthroughoutthehumanspeciesasafunctionofsociologicalandpsychologicalvalue.

Thuslaughtergraduallybecameestablishedasacapacityamongvirtuallyallhumanbeings.Inaddition,laughter’sinfectionsqualityhelpeddistributeitasacharacteristiccommontoallmankind.Laughterwasadvantageous;thereforeitsurvived.

【答案】【參考譯文】原始人一旦第一次開口大笑了,笑聲就因其對周圍所產(chǎn)生的那些明顯的愉快的效果,開始具有了人類社會所特有的價值。具有用爽朗的笑聲來傳播愉快能力的人,開始比他的較為嚴肅的同事更能享受到社會的優(yōu)勢。他成了個“善于交際的人”,在社交方面成了大家所推舉的人,受到社會的喜愛。因此,自然選擇(適者生存)的過程往往有利于那些能夠在笑中表達快樂狀態(tài)的人,而不是那些不這么做的人。在整個進化的過程中,根據(jù)其具有的社會學和心理學價值,笑聲一直保持下來。

這樣,笑就逐漸成為全人類的一種能力。此外,笑的感染力有助于將其作為全人類共有的一種特性進行傳播。笑是有益的,所以笑就流傳了下來。

20.單選題

Aidwassenttotheearthquakevictimsatthe___oftheIraniangovernment.

問題1選項

A.sight

B.interest

C.require

D.request

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.sight視力;景象B.interest興趣;利益

C.require需要;要求(動詞)D.request請求;需要

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格處應填一個名詞,of短語做后置定語表示government“政府”的……,根據(jù)句意,地震發(fā)生后,應該是按照政府的需求送去援助。D選項request請求;需要符合語境。

【干擾項排除】

A選項sight“視力;景象”不符合語境;

B選項interest“興趣;利益”不符合語境;

C選項require“需要”,是一個動詞,而該處應填名詞。

【句意】應伊朗政府的要求,救援物質(zhì)已運送給地震災民。

21.單選題

Inthemid-nineteenthcentury,workbeganonacrucialsectionoftherailwaylineconnectingBostontotheHudsonRiver.Theadditionwould(1)fromGreenfield,Massachusetts,toTroy,NewYork,anditrequiredtunnelling(2)HoosacMountain,a(3)impediment,nearlyfivemilesthick,thatblockedthe(4)betweentheDeerfieldValleyandatributaryoftheHudson.

JamesHayward,oneofNewEngland’sleadingrailroadengineers,estimatedthatpenetratingtheHoosacwouldcost,(5),averymanageabletwomilliondollars.ThepresidentofAmherstCollege,(6)geologist,saidthatthemountainwascomposedofsoftrockand(7)tunnellingwouldbefairlyeasy(8)theengineershadbreachedthesurface.“TheHoosacisbelievedtobetheonlybarrierbetweenBostonandthePacific,”theproject’spromoter,AlvahCrocker,(9).

Everyonewaswrong.DiggingthroughtheHoosacturnedouttobea(10)Theprojectcostmorethantentimesthebudgeted(11)Ifthepeopleinvolved(12)thetruenatureofthechallengestheyfaced,theywouldneverhavefundedtheTroy-Greenfieldrailroad.(13),hadtheynot,thefactoriesofnorthwesternMassachusettswouldn’thavebeenabletoshiptheirgoodssoeasilytotheexpandingWest,the(14)offreightwouldhaveremainedstubbornlyhigh,andthestateofMassachusettswouldhavebeen(15)poorer.

問題1選項

A.spread

B.run

C.derive

D.range

問題2選項

A.beyond

B.over

C.around

D.through

問題3選項

A.miraculous

B.massive

C.redundant

D.collective

問題4選項

A.framework

B.partition

C.interaction

D.passage

問題5選項

A.atpresent

B.atleast

C.atmost

D.inparticular

問題6選項

A.anideal

B.afulfilled

C.adelighted

D.anaccomplished

問題7選項

A.that

B.whether

C.how

D.where

問題8選項

A.once

B.while

C.since

D.lest

問題9選項

A.declined

B.detected

C.declared

D.denied

問題10選項

A.fantasy

B.possibility

C.nightmare

D.feat

問題11選項

A.estimate

B.finance

C.operation

D.clearance

問題12選項

A.haveknown

B.hadknown

C.wouldknow

D.knew

問題13選項

A.And

B.Or

C.But

D.Thus

問題14選項

A.storage

B.maintenance

C.delivery

D.cost

問題15選項

A.incurably

B.immeasurably

C.impossibly

D.immediately

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:A

第9題:C

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:B

第13題:C

第14題:D

第15題:B

【解析】(1)考查動詞詞義辨析。spread“傳播”;run“經(jīng)營;奔跑;使延展”;derive“源于;獲得”;range“(在一定范圍內(nèi))變動”。文章第一句提到”19世紀中期,連接波士頓和哈德遜河的一段重要鐵路開始動工”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息Greenfield,toTroy可知該鐵路是從格林菲爾德延伸至特洛伊,因此選項B符合題意。

(2)考查介詞詞義辨析。beyond“超過,越過”;over“在……上面”;around“在……周圍”;through“穿過,通過”??崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐切藿ㄟ@段鐵路需要穿過Hoosac山的隧道,因此選項D符合題意。

(3)考查形容詞詞義辨析。miraculous“不可思議的”;massive“大量的”;redundant“多余的,過剩的”;collective“集體的,共同的”。前面提到修建鐵路需要穿過Hoosac山,a______impediment是HoosacMountain的同位語,因此四個形容詞中只有選項B符合題意。

(4)考查名詞詞義辨析。framework“框架;結(jié)構(gòu)”;partition“劃分,分開”;interaction“相互作用,相互影響”;passage“(建筑物)通道;路段”??崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐荋oosac山阻礙了DeerfieldValley與哈德遜河一個支流的連接,因此選項D符合題意。

(5)考查介詞詞組辨析。atpresent“目前,現(xiàn)在”;atleast“至少”;atmost“至多”;inparticular“尤其,特別”??崭裉幩诰渥又饕v述了工程師JamesHayward認為打通Hoosac山的花費至多兩百萬美元,因此選項C符合題意。

(6)考查形容詞詞義辨析。ideal“理想的”;fulfilled“滿足的”;delighted“高興的;令人愉快的”;accomplished“完成的;熟練的”??崭裉幦笔У膯卧~作為名詞geologist(地質(zhì)學家)的定語,選項D符合題意。

(7)考查連接詞的使用。空格處后是一個完整的句子,且不缺成分,所以可以判斷空格處需要填入一個連接詞引導一個從句,連接詞不做任何成分,做said的賓語,所以是一個賓語從句。再根據(jù)句意可知選項A符合題意。

(8)考查連詞詞義辨析。once“一旦”;while“與……同時”;since“自……以來;因為”;lest“唯恐,以免”。空格處所在句子的大意是一旦工程師們打通了山體表面,穿過Hoosac山的隧道就變得容易了。因此可知選項A符合題意。

(9)考查動詞詞義辨析。decline“下降;謝絕”;detect“察覺;發(fā)現(xiàn)”;declare“宣布;聲明”;deny“否認;拒絕”??崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐氰F路的贊助者AlvahCrocker宣稱Hoosac被認為是波士頓和太平洋之間唯一的阻礙,根據(jù)句意可知選項C符合題意。

(10)考查名詞詞義辨析。fantasy“幻想;幻覺”;possibility“可能性”;nightmare“噩夢”;feat“功績,壯舉”。前面提到開通隧道是件容易的事情,但是根據(jù)everyonewaswrong可知事情進行得并不順利,因此選項C符合題意:開鑿Hoosac山非常艱難,像噩夢一般。

(11)考查詞義辨析。estimate“估算”;finance“供給經(jīng)費”;operation“操作”;clearance“清除”。前面提到這個項目估計花費200萬美元,但實際上比估算的要多出十倍,因此選項A符合題意。

(12)考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)后半句話theywouldneverhavefundedtheTroy-Greenfieldrailroad(他們絕不會資助這個項目),可知這句話表示的是與過去事實相反,因此選項B符合題意。

(13)考查邏輯關(guān)系。前面一句提到假如這些人知道這個項目如此艱難,他們就不會投資這個項目,而此句提到如果沒有這些人提供資金,馬薩諸塞州西北部的工廠就不可能如此輕易地將貨物運送到西部,這兩句話前后是一個轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,因此選項C符合題意。

(14)考查名詞詞義辨析。storage“存儲,倉庫”;maintenance“維護,維修”;delivery“遞送”;cost“費用,成本,代價”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息remainedstubbornlyhigh此處講述的是運輸成本非常高,因此選項D符合題意。

(15)考查副詞詞義辨析。incurably“治不好地”;immeasurably“無限地,廣大無邊地”;impossibly“不可能地”;immediately“立即;立刻”。前面提到如果沒有那些人的資金支持,馬薩諸塞州西北部的工廠就不可能如此輕易地將貨物運送到西部,而當?shù)乜隙ㄒ矔兊迷絹碓礁F,因此選項B符合題意。

22.單選題

PerhapsonlyasmallboytrainingtobeawizardattheHogwartsschoolofmagiccouldcastaspellsopowerfulastocreatethebiggestbooklaunchever.WhereverintheworldtheclockstrikesmidnightonJune20th,hisfollowerswillflocktogettheirpawsononeofmorethan10mcopiesof’’HarryPotterandtheOrderofthePhoenix".Bookshopswillopeninthemiddleofthenightanddeliveryfirmsaredraftinginextrastaffandbleatertrucks.Relaxedtoys,games,DVDsandothermerchandisewillbeeverywhere.TherewillbenoescapingPottennania.

YetMr.Potter’sworldisacuriousone,inwhichthingsareoftennotwhattheyappear.Whileanexcitablemedia(herebyincludingTheEconomist,happytosupportsuchafineexampleofglobalization)ishelpingtohypethelaunchofJ.K.Rowling'sfifthnovelaboutthemostadventurousthingthatthepublishers(ScholasticinAmericaandBritain'sBloomsburyinEnglishelsewhere)haveorganizedisareadingbyMs.RowlinginLondon'sRoyalAlbertHail,tobebroadcastasaJivewebcast.Hollywood,whichownseverythingelsetodowithHarryPotter,saysitisdoingevenless.Incredibleasitmayseem,theguardiansofthebrandsaythat,toprotectthePotterfranchise,theyaretryingtomaintainalowprofile.Well,relativelylow.

MsRowlingsignedacontractin1998withWarnerBrothers,partofAOLTimeWarner,givingthestudioexclusivefilm,licensingandmerchandisingrightsinreturnforwhatnowappearstohavebeenasteal:some$500,000.WarnerlicensesotherfirmstoproducegoodsusingHarryPottercharactersorimages,fromwhichMsRowlinggetsabigenoughcutthatsheisnowwealthierthanthequeen-ifyoubelieveBritain’sSundayTimesrichlist.Theprocessisselfgenerating:eachbooksetsthestageforafilm,whichboostsbooksales,whichliftssalesofPotterproducts.

Globally,thefirstfourHarryPotterbookshavesoldsome200mcopiesin55languages;thetwomovieshavegrossedover$1.8billionattheboxoffice.Thisisastunningsuccessbyanymeasure,especiallyasMsRowlinghaslongdemandedthatHarryPottershouldnotbeovercommercialized,inlinewithherwishes,Warnersaysitisbeingextraordinarilycareful,atleastbyHollywoodstandards,aboutwhatitlicensesandtowhom.ItimposedtoughconditionsonCocaCola,insistingthatnoHarryPotterimagesshouldappearoncans,andisnowintheprocessofmakingitslicensingprogrammeevenmorerestrictive.Cokemaysoonbeconsideredtoomassmarkettocarrythebrandatall.

ThedealwithWarnertiesmuchofthemerchandisingtothefilmsalone.Therearenoofficiallysanctionedproductsrelatingto"OrderofthePhoenix";noryetfor"HarryPotterandPrisonerofAzkaban",thefilmofthethirdbook,whichisdueoutinJune2004.WarneragreesthatMsRowling’screationisadifferentsortofcommercialproperty,onewithlong-termpotentialthatcouldbedamagedbyatypicalHollywoodmarketingblitz,saysDianeNelson,thestudio’sglobalbrandmanagerforHarryPotter.Itisvital,sheadds,thatwithmoretocome,readersofthebocksarenotalienated."Theevidencefromourmarketresearchisthatenthusiasmfortheproperlybyfansisnotwaning."

1.Whentheauthorsays“therewillbenoescapingPottermania”,heimpliesthat(

).

2.MsRowling’sreadinginLondon’sRoyalAlbertHallismentionedtoshow

).

3.Theauthorbelievesthat

).

4.Paragraph4intendsmainlytoflowWarner's

).

5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraphthat(

).

問題1選項

A.HarryPotter'sappealforthereadersissimplyirresistible

B.itissomewhatirrationaltobesocrazyaboutthemagicboy

C.crazeaboutHarryPotterwillnotbeoverinthenearfuture

D.Hogwartsschoolofmagicwillbethebiggestattractionworldover

問題2選項

A.publishersarereallyadventurousinmanagi

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