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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-寧夏大學(xué)新華學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

ChristmasisaChristianholydayusuallycelebratedonDecember25th_______thebirthofJesusChrist.

問題1選項

A.inaccordancewith

B.intermsof

C.infavorof

D.inhonorof

【答案】D

【解析】inaccordancewith根據(jù);intermsof就...而言,關(guān)于;infavorof支持,贊同;inhonorof為慶祝,向...致敬。句意:圣誕節(jié)是基督教的一個神圣的日子,通常在12月25日慶祝耶穌基督的誕生。選項D符合句意。

2.單選題

Weallwanttofeelimportantandsowe___thepositiveattentionofothers.

問題1選項

A.craft

B.crave

C.crack

D.craze

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項craft“精巧地制作”;B選項crave“渴望;懇求”;C選項crack“使破裂;將(谷物)粗磨;砸開(保險箱);成功獲得;(可聽到響聲的)重擊;(使)發(fā)出爆裂聲;(突然)變嘶??;使屈服;(非正式)吃不消;(非正式)突然大笑;(非正式)找到解決方法;阻止;開瓶;說(笑話);使(碳氫化合物)裂化”;D選項craze“使發(fā)狂;使產(chǎn)生紋裂”。句意:我們都想感到自己很重要,所以我們渴望得到別人的積極關(guān)注。本句表達“我們渴望得到別人的關(guān)注”,因此B選項正確。

3.單選題

Theproducersofinstantcoffeefoundtheirproductstronglyresistedinthemarketplacesdespitetheirmanifestadvantages.Furthermore,theadvertisingexpenditureforinstantcoffeewasfargreaterthanthatforregularcoffee.

Effortsweremadetofindthecauseoftheconsumers’seeminglyunreasonableresistancetotheproduct.Thereasongivenbymostpeoplewasdislikeforthetaste.Theproducerssuspectedthattheremightbedeeperreasons,however.Thiswasconfirmedbyoneofmotivationresearch’sclassicstudies,oneoftencitedinthetrade.MasonHaire,oftheUniversityofCalifornia,constructedtwoshoppingliststhatwereidenticalexceptforoneitem.Thereweresixitemscommontobothlists:hamburger,carrots,bakingpowder,bread,cannedpeachesandpotatoes,withthebrandsofamountsspecified.Theseventhitem,inthefifthplaceonbothlists,read“1lb.MaxwellHousecoffee”ononelistand“Nescafeinstantcoffee”ontheother.Onelistwasgiventoeachpersoninagroupoffiftywomen,andtheotherlisttothoseinanothergroupofthesamesize.Thewomenwereaskedtostudytheirlistsandthentodescribe,asfarastheycould,thekindofwoman(“personalityandcharacter”)whowoulddrawupthatshoppinglist.Nearlyhalfofthosewhohadreceivedthelistincludinginstantcoffeedescribedahousewifewhowaslazyandapoorplanner.Ontheotherhand,onlyonewomanintheothergroupdescribedthehousewife,whohadincludedregularcoffeeonherlist,aslazy;onlysixofthatgroupsuggestedthatshewasapoorplanner.Eightwomenfeltthattheinstantcoffeeuserwasprobablynotagoodwife!Nooneintheothergroupdrewsuchaconclusionaboutthehousewifewhointendedtobuyregularcoffee.

1.Thefactthatproducersfoundresistancetotheirproductdespitethefactthattheyspentmoreadvertisingmoneyoninstantthanregularcoffeeshowsthat(

).

2.Inthisinstance,thepurposeofmotivationresearchwastodiscover

).

3.Thisinvestigationindicatedthat

).

4.Ontheresultsofthistest,theproducersprobablyrevisedtheiradvertisingtoshowa

).

5.Impliedbutnotstated:(

).

問題1選項

A.advertisingdoesnotassurefavorablesalesresult

B.companiesspentmoremoneyonadvertisingthantheyshould

C.peoplepaylittleattentiontoadvertising

D.themoreoneadvertisesthebetterthesalespicture

問題2選項

A.whypeopledrinkcoffee

B.whyinstantcoffeedidnottastegood

C.whyregularcoffeewassuccessful

D.therealreasonwhypeoplewouldnotbuyinstantcoffee

問題3選項

A.50percentofhousewivesarelazy

B.housewiveswhouseinstantcoffeearelazy

C.manywomenbelievethatwiveswhouseinstantcoffeearelazy

D.wiveswhouseregularcoffeearegoodplanners

問題4選項

A.lazyhousewifeusingregularcoffee

B.hardworkinghousewifeusinginstantcoffee

C.lazyhousewifeusinginstantcoffee

D.manobviouslyenjoyingthetasteofinstantcoffee

問題5選項

A.Despiteitsadvantages,mostpeopledislikedinstantcoffeebecauseofitstaste

B.Theadvertisingexpenditureforinstantcoffeewasgreaterthanthatforregularcoffee

C.Veryoftenwedonotknowtherealreasonsfordoingthings

D.Tasteistheprincipalfactorindeterminingwhatwebuy

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目問的是“盡管在速溶咖啡上花了比普通咖啡更多的廣告費,但是生產(chǎn)商發(fā)現(xiàn)這種商品受到了消費者的抵制,這說明……”生廠商為他們的即沖咖啡做了大量廣告然而卻沒能得到消費者的認(rèn)可,可以得出并不是所有的廣告都能起到預(yù)期效果,所以A選項符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“在這個例子中,動機研究的目的是為了發(fā)現(xiàn)……”。文章第二段第三句提到“生產(chǎn)商懷疑有更深層的原因”(Theproducerssuspectedthattheremightbedeeperreasons,however),由此可以得出這項調(diào)查是為了找出為什么消費者不接受即沖咖啡這個產(chǎn)品。選項D符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“這項調(diào)查表明……”。文章最后一段提到家庭主婦認(rèn)為買速溶咖啡證明這個人非常懶惰,不是一個好妻子(Eightwomenfeltthattheinstantcoffeeuserwasprobablynotagoodwife),選項C符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“根據(jù)這次試驗的結(jié)果,生廠商有可能修改廣告的內(nèi)容,這表明……”。調(diào)查結(jié)果表明人們不買速溶咖啡的原因是它暗示家庭主婦懶惰或者不會精明持家,所以生產(chǎn)商應(yīng)該在轉(zhuǎn)變這種暗示上花功夫。選項B符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。題目問的是“文章暗示但沒有說明……”。文章提到消費者不愿意買速溶咖啡是因為這種咖啡味道不好,卻忽略了更為深層的含義:只有懶惰的家庭主婦才會買這種咖啡。選項C符合題意。

4.單選題

Afewyearsago,therichworld’sworryabouteconomicinteractionwithdevelopingcountrieswasthatthepoorcouldnotprofitfromit.SounbalancedwerethetermsofexchangebetweentheNorth’smightyindustriesandtheSouth’sweaklingsweatshopstrade(31)betweenthetwocouldbe(32)morethanexploitationoftheonebytheother;farfromhelpingthepoorcountries,globalintegrationwouldactuallydeepentheirpoverty.Thisfearhasnowgiven(33)toapessimismthatisequalandopposite—namely,thattradewiththedevelopingworldwill(34)today’srichcountries.

Likethepreviousscare,thisviewcontainsaniotaoftruth—enoughtolendplausibility.Alsolikeitspredecessor,itisa(35)exaggeration.(36),thisnewfearismoredangerousthantheoldone.Theearlierscaretacitlyaffirmedthattheindustrialcountrieswouldsufferiftheycuttheirlinks(37)thethirdworld.Startingfromthere,campaigningintheNorthtorestricttradewithdevelopingcountrieswasgoingtobeanuphillstruggle.Thosewhoopposedeepereconomicintegrationnowhaveabetterplatform.Vitalinterests(38)therichcountriestoprotecttheirindustriesfromthenewonslaught.(39)itspredecessor,thisideamaysell.

Thegripthatthisthinkingalreadyhasonpopularopinion(40)littletoeconomichistoryorprinciples.Thenewfear,liketheoldone,expressestheconvictionthatgrowthinonepartoftheworldmustsomehowcome(41)another.Thisisadeeplyrootedprejudice,and(42)wrong.Verynearlyalloftheworldismoreprosperousnowthanitwas30yearsago.Growthhasbeenastoryof(43)advance,notredistribution;and(44)livingstandardshavenotimprovedinrecentdecades(notably,inpartsofAfrica),excessiveinteractionintheinternationaleconomyhasnotbeenthecause.

Lendingusefulsupporttothisfirsterrorisasecond—theideathatthereisonlysomuchworktogoround.Ifnewtechnologiesrendersomejobsobsolete,orifanincreaseinthesupplyofcheapimportsmakesotherjobs(45),theresultmustbeapermanentriseinunemployment.Again,onamoment’sreflection,thisiswrong;otherwise,technologicalprogressthiscenturywouldhavepushedunemploymentratesintheindustrialcountriestosomethinginexcessof95%.

問題1選項

A.which

B.when

C.that

D.where

問題2選項

A.anything

B.anywhere

C.something

D.nothing

問題3選項

A.way

B.out

C.in

D.up

問題4選項

A.outweigh

B.impoverish

C.enrich

D.dwindle

問題5選項

A.hysterical

B.corrosive

C.abysmal

D.covert

問題6選項

A.Moreover

B.Hence

C.Consequently

D.However

問題7選項

A.to

B.with

C.on

D.of

問題8選項

A.compromise

B.cozen

C.object

D.oblige

問題9選項

A.As

B.Like

C.Unlike

D.With

問題10選項

A.owes

B.adds

C.cuts

D.reduces

問題11選項

A.infavorof

B.inreturnfor

C.attheexpenseof

D.inplaceof

問題12選項

A.partially

B.plainly

C.largely

D.scarcely

問題13選項

A.beneficial

B.complementary

C.essential

D.mutual

問題14選項

A.which

B.where

C.what

D.with

問題15選項

A.economic

B.uneconomic

C.economical

D.uneconomical

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:B

第8題:D

第9題:C

第10題:A

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:B

第15題:B

【解析】31.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句子前面的so,結(jié)合選項可知,so…that…未固定搭配,表示“如此……以至于……”。句意:北方強大的工業(yè)和南方虛弱的剝削勞動力的工廠之間的交換條件是如此不平衡,以至于兩者之間……。該題選擇C項正確。

32.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句中的morethan可知,nothingmorethan為固定搭配,表示“無非是,不過是”。句意:北方強大的工業(yè)和南方虛弱的剝削勞動力的工廠之間的交換條件是如此不平衡,以至于兩者之間無非是互相剝削。該題選擇D項正確。

33.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項givewayto表示“給……讓路,為……所替代”,B項giveoutto表示“分發(fā)給”,C項giveinto表示“屈服于,順從”,D項giveupto表示“讓給,向……投降”。根據(jù)主語fear(擔(dān)憂)和賓語pessimism(悲觀主義)可知,givewayto最符合句意。句意:這種擔(dān)憂現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)被一種既平等又相反的悲觀主義所替代。該題選擇A項正確。

34.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查動詞辨析和上下文語境。A項outweigh表示“比……重(在重量上),比……重要”,B項impoverish表示“使貧窮,使枯竭”,C項enrich表示“使充實,使肥沃”,D項dwindle表示“減少,變小”。根據(jù)namely(換句話說)可知,該句是對上一句“這種擔(dān)憂現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)被一種既平等又相反的悲觀主義所替代”的解釋,“擔(dān)憂”指的是上文提到的“全球一體化非但不會幫助窮國,反而會加深它們的貧困”,根據(jù)空格后面的richcountries(富裕國家),結(jié)合前文的“讓步于一種既平等又相反的悲觀主義”可知,空格處填入“使貧窮”符合語境。句意:也就是說,與發(fā)展中國家的貿(mào)易將使今天的富裕國家變得貧窮。該題選擇B項正確。

35.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項hysterical表示“歇斯底里的,異常興奮的”,B項corrosive表示“腐蝕的,侵蝕性的”,C項abysmal表示“深不可測的,糟透的”,D項covert表示“隱蔽的,秘密的”。根據(jù)前面的不定冠詞a可排除C項;空格處是填入一個形容詞作定語修飾名詞exaggeration(夸張),A、B、D三個選項中只有A項最符合語境。句意:和它的前身一樣,這也是一種歇斯底里的夸張。該題選擇A項正確。

36.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查上下文邏輯。A項moreover表示“而且,此外”;B項hence表示“因此,由此”,可以作為語氣較輕的連接結(jié)果的連詞使用,前后因果關(guān)系較輕;C項consequently表示“因此,所以”,注重時間、動作的前后;D項however表示“然而,可是”。根據(jù)thisnewfearismoredangerousthantheoldone(這種新的擔(dān)憂比舊的更危險),聯(lián)系上文語境可知,此處是表達轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系。因此,該題選擇D項正確。

37.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查介詞辨析。A項to表示“對,向”,linkto表示“把……和……聯(lián)系起來”;B項with表示“和,隨著”,linkwith表示“與……有聯(lián)系”;C項on表示“在……上”;D項of表示“……的”。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處需要填入一個介詞和link搭配,C、D選項可排除;由后面的名詞thethirdworld(第三方)可知,空格處填入with符合語境。句意:早先的恐慌默許了工業(yè)化國家如果切斷與第三世界的聯(lián)系就會遭受損失。因此,該題選擇B項正確。

38.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考察固定搭配。A項compromise表示“妥協(xié),折中,違背(原則)”,B項cozen表示“瞞,欺騙”,C項object表示“反對,拒絕”,D項oblige表示“迫使,強制”。根據(jù)后面的to可知,obligesb.todo固定搭配,表示“迫使某人做某事”。句意:至關(guān)重要的利益迫使富裕國家保護他們的工業(yè)免受新的沖擊。因此,該題選擇D項正確。

39.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查介詞辨析和上下文語境。A項as表示“作為,因為”,B項like表示“像”,C項unlike表示“不像”,D項with表示“和,隨著”。根據(jù)該句中的predecessor(前身)可知,前面提到“這個前身是一種歇斯底里的夸張”,結(jié)合主句thisideamaysell(這個想法可能會暢銷)可知,前后是相反的對比,因此用unlike符合。句意:不像它的前身,這個想法可能會暢銷。因此,該題選擇C項正確。

40.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A項owe表示“歸因于,歸功于,欠”,B項add表示“增加,添加”,C項cut表示“割破,切斷”,D項reduce表示“減少,降低”。該句的意思是“這種思想對大眾輿論的掌控……很少涉及經(jīng)濟史或濟學(xué)原理”,由此可知,填入“歸因于”符合語境。句意:這種思想對大眾輿論的掌控,與經(jīng)濟史或經(jīng)濟學(xué)原理沒有多大關(guān)系。因此,該題選擇A項正確。

41.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A項infavorof表示“有利于,支持,贊同”,B項inreturnfor表示“作為……的報答”,C項attheexpenseof表示“以……為代價,由……支付費用”,D項inplaceof表示“代替”。根據(jù)growthinonepartoftheworld(一個地區(qū)的增長)和another(另一個地區(qū)的增長)可知,“以……為代價”符合語境。句意:與舊的擔(dān)憂一樣,新的擔(dān)憂表達了這樣一種信念:世界上一個地區(qū)的增長必須以犧牲另一個地區(qū)為代價。因此,該題選擇C項正確。

42.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查副詞辨析。A項partially表示“部分地,偏袒地”,B項plainly表示“明白地,坦率地”,C項largely表示“主要地,大部分”,D項scarcely表示“幾乎不,簡直不”。根據(jù)adeeplyrootedprejudice(一種根深蒂固的偏見)和wrong(錯誤的)可知,空格處填入plainly符合。句意:這是一種根深蒂固的偏見,顯然是錯誤的。因此,該題選擇B項正確。

43.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析和上下文語境。A項beneficial表示“有益的,有利的”,B項complementary表示“補足的,(基因序列等)互補的”,C項essential表示“基本的,必要的”,D項mutual表示“共同的,相互的”。上文提到“幾乎所有的世界都比30年前更加繁榮”,下文就說到Growthhasbeenastoryof(43)advance(經(jīng)濟增長是一個……進步的過程),可知“相互的”符合語境。句意:經(jīng)濟增長是一個相互進步的過程,而不是再分配。因此,該題選擇D項正確。

44.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查關(guān)系代詞。根據(jù)后面的inpartsofAfrica(在非洲部分地區(qū))可知,空格處是填入一個表示地點的詞語,而where可以表示地點,故B項符合。句意:近幾十年來生活水平?jīng)]有提高(特別是非洲部分地區(qū)),國際經(jīng)濟的過度互動并不是原因。因此,該題選擇B項正確。

45.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項economic表示“經(jīng)濟學(xué)的,經(jīng)濟上的”,指與貿(mào)易、工業(yè)或財富等有關(guān)的“經(jīng)濟上的”或“有關(guān)經(jīng)濟學(xué)方面”的意義;B項uneconomic表示“不贏利的,不賺錢的”;C項economical表示“經(jīng)濟的”,指與“節(jié)約”同義的“經(jīng)濟”,相當(dāng)于notwasteful,既可指人也可指物;D項uneconomical表示“浪費的,不節(jié)儉的”。根據(jù)anincreaseinthesupplyofcheapimports(廉價進口商品供應(yīng)的增加)可知,makesotherjobs(45)指的應(yīng)該是“使其他工作不賺錢”符合語境。因此,該題選擇B項正確。

5.單選題

Heusually(

)hisemotionsandappearscalm.

問題1選項

A.holdsup

B.holdsback

C.holdson

D.holdstight

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。holdup意為“舉起”;holdback意為“退縮,忍住,抑制住”;holdon意為“等一下,堅持不懈,握住”;holdtight意為“抓緊,抓牢,暫不行動”。

句意:他通常會控制自己的情緒,表現(xiàn)得很平靜。

6.單選題

A2005studybytheInternationalJournalofOncologysuggestedthatextractfromgacfruitmay()thegrowthofsomecancers.

問題1選項

A.inhale

B.inhibit

C.infect

D.intimidate

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項inhale表示“吸入,猛吃猛喝”;B選項inhibit表示“抑制,禁止”;C選項infect表示“感染,傳染”;D選項intimidate表示“恐嚇,威脅,脅迫”。有句意可知,這項研究表明,木鱉果的提取物可以抑制癌癥的擴散。因此本題正確答案為B選項。

7.單選題

Studieshaveprovedthatsmartpeopletendtobesmartacrossdifferentkindsof(

).

問題1選項

A.institutions

B.occasions

C.characters

D.realms

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。institution“機構(gòu),制度”;occasion“場合,機會”;character“性格,角色”;realm“領(lǐng)域,范圍”。句意為:研究表明,聰明的人容易在各個不同的領(lǐng)域都表現(xiàn)得很聰明。選項D符合句意。

8.翻譯題

從一定角度上看,教育的目的實質(zhì)上就是通過生存知識的獲得和生存能力的提高而使受教育者為未來的生活做好準(zhǔn)備;而社會教育就是通過社會方式來實現(xiàn)這一目的。對于任何人來說,生活可以有兩個目標(biāo):一是達到或維持基本的生存水平,二是提高到更高層次。為達到這兩個目標(biāo)——其實生活中它們是融合在一起的,一般不會有人把兩者割裂開來——任何時代、任何區(qū)域和社會階層都會對作為社會成員生活在這一時空與社會交叉點上的人有一個基本或起碼的知識和能力客觀要求。

【答案】Fromacertainpointofview,thepurposeofeducationistomaketheeducatedprepareforthefuturelifethroughtheacquisitionofsurvivalknowledgeandtheimprovementofsurvivalability.Socialeducationistoachievethisgoalthroughsocialmeans.Foranyone,lifecanhavetwogoals.Oneistoachieveormaintainabasiclevelofsurvival,andtheotheristoimprovetoahigherlevel.Inordertoachievethesetwogoals—infact,theyareintegratedinlife,andgenerallynoonewillcutthemapart—anyera,anyregionandsocialclasswillhaveabasicorminimumobjectiverequirementofknowledgeandabilityforpeoplelivingattheintersectionoftime,spaceandsocietyasmembersofthesociety.

9.單選題

It’nosecretweareacultureconsumedbyimage.Economisthavelongrecognizedwhat’sbeendubbedthe“beautypremium’’--theideathatprettypeople,whatevertheiraspirations,tendtodobetterin,well,almosteverything.Handsomemenearn,onaverage,5percentmorethantheirless-attractivecounterparts(good-lookingwomenearn4percentmore);prettypeoplegetmoreattentionfromteachers,bosses,andmentors;evenbabiesstarelongeratgood-lookingfaces(andwestarelongeratgood-lookingbabies).Acoupleofdecadesago,whentheeconomywasthriving,wemighthavebrushedoffthosestatisticsassuperficial.Butin2010,there’sagrowingbundleofresearchtoshowthatourbiasagainsttheunattractiveismorepervasivethanever.Andwhenitcomestotheworkplace,it’slooks,notmerit,thatalltoooftenrule.

Newsweeksurveyed202corporatehiringmanagers,fromhuman-resourcesstafftosenior-levelvicepresidents,aswellas964membersofthepublic,onlytoconfirmwhatnoqualified(orunqualified)employeewantstoadmit:fromhiringtoofficepoliticstopromotions,even,lookinggoodisnolongersomethingwecandismissasfrivolousorvain.Fifty-sevenpercentofhiringmanagerssaidqualifiedblitunattractivecandidatesarelikelytohaveahardertimelandingajob,whilemorethanhalfadvisedspendingasmuchtimeandmoneyon“makingsuretheylookattractive”asonperfectingaresume.Askedtorankemployeeattributesinorderofimportance,meanwhile,managersplacedlooksaboveeducation:ofninecharactertraits,itcameinthird,belowexperience(No.l)andconfidence(No.2)butabove‘‘whereacandidatewenttoschool”(No.4).DoesthatmeanyoushoulddropoutofHarvardandinvestinanosejob?Probablynot.Butastateschoolmightbejustasmarketable.“Thisisthenewrealityofthejobmarket,”saysoneNewYorkrecruiter.“It’sbettertobeaverageandgood-lookingthanbrilliantandunattractive.

Today’sworkingwomenhaveachieved“equality”:theydominatetheworkforce,theyarehouseholdbreadwinners,andtheybalkathavingtosubverttheirsexuality,whetherintheboardroomoronthebeach.Yetwhiletheoutside-workmilieumightaccepttheempoweredyetfeminineideal,theworkplacesurelydoesnot.Studiesshowthatunattractivewomenremainatadisadvantageinlow-levelpositionslikesecretary,whileinupper-levelfieldsthatarehistoricallymale-dominated,good-lookingwomencansufferaso-calledbimboeffect.Theyareviewedastoofeminine,lessintelligent,andlesscompetent—notonlybymenbutalsobytheirfemalepeers.

1.The“beautypremium”calledbyeconomistsmeansthat(

).

2.Whathaveresearchesin2010provedwhenitcomestoworkplace?

3.WhatcanwelearnfromthesurveyconductedbyNewsweek?

4.Whatcanwelearnabouttoday'sworkingwomen?

5.Whatis“bimboeffect”accordingtothelastparagraph?

問題1選項

A.beautifulpeopleperformbetterintheirjob

B.agoodimageisveryimportantinlandingajob

C.goodlooksensuresuccessinalmosteveryaspect

D.peopleshouldinvestmoneyandtimetobebetterlooking

問題2選項

A.itissuperficialtoattachimportancetophysicalappearance.

B.itiscommontoprefertheattractiveandhaveabiasagainsttheunattractive.

C.Itisthegeneralruletovaluebeautifullooksmorethanmerit.

D.Itislooksratherthanabilitythatplayacriticalrole.

問題3選項

A.Aperfectresumedoesnotmatterinhuntingajob.

B.Beautifulpeopletendtobemoreself-confident.

C.Beautyisanadvantageforanyonewithanyeducation.

D.Cosmeticsurgeryissuggestedtomakepeoplemorecompetitive.

問題4選項

A.Theyareenslavedbyridiculousbeautystandards.

B.Theymakeupafractionoftheworkplace.

C.Theyareconfinedtobetheroleofofficetoy.

D.Theyareunwillingtosubverttheirsexuality.

問題5選項

A.Theideathatwomenareatadisadvantageinworkplaces

B.Thebiasthatbeautifulwomenarefrivolousorvain.

C.Thenotionthatbeautifulwomenarenotintelligentorcompetent.

D.Theprejudicethatwomenshoulddojobsoflow-levelpositions

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“beautypremium”定位到第一段第二句“theideathatprettypeople,whatevertheiraspirations,tendtodobetterin,well,almosteverything.漂亮的人,不管他們的志向是什么,幾乎在所有事情上都會做得更好?!边x項C符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)時間點“2010”定位倒第一段最后一句“Butin2010,there’sagrowingbundleofresearchtoshowthatourbiasagainsttheunattractiveismorepervasivethanever.Andwhenitcomestotheworkplace,it’slooks,notmerit,thatalltoooftenrule.但在2010年,越來越多的研究表明,我們對相貌平平的偏見比以往任何時候都更加普遍。而在工作中,往往是外表而不是能力決定一切?!边x項A在文中沒有提及;選項C相對于選項B和D來說更加準(zhǔn)確,因此本題選C。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Newsweek”定位到第二段第一句“《新聞周刊》調(diào)查了202名企業(yè)人事部經(jīng)理,從人力資源的員工到高級副總裁,以及964名公眾,只是為了確認(rèn)不合格員工想要承認(rèn)的事情:從招聘到辦公室爭斗再到晉升,實際上,看上去不錯不再是我們認(rèn)為無價值的或者無用的而不予考慮?!边x項A和B在文中沒有提及;選項D明顯錯誤;所以只有選項C正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Today’sworkingwomenhaveachieved“equality”:theydominatetheworkforce,theyarehouseholdbreadwinners,andtheybalkathavingtosubverttheirsexuality,whetherintheboardroomoronthebeach.今天的職業(yè)女性已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了“平等”:她們在勞動力中占據(jù)優(yōu)勢;她們是家庭的經(jīng)濟支柱;她們因為不得不顛覆性別而畏畏縮縮,不管是在會議室還是在海灘上?!币簿褪钦f,她們是不愿意顛覆自己的性別的。選項D符合原文。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Theyareviewedastoofeminine,lessintelligent,andlesscompetent—notonlybymenbutalsobytheirfemalepeers.她們被認(rèn)為太女性化、不夠聰明、不夠能干——不僅是男性,她們的女性同齡人也這么認(rèn)為?!边x項C符合原文。

10.單選題

Ise-mailablessingoracurse?Lastmonth,afteraweek’svocation,Idiscovered1218unreade-mailmessageswaitinginmybox.Ipretendedtobedismayed,butsecretlyIwaspleased.Thisishowwemeasureourwiredworthinthelate1990s.Ifyouaren’toverwhelmedbye-mail,youmustbedoingsomethingwrong.

E-mail.Can’tlivewithit,can’tlivewithoutit.Artistsandrealartists,advertisersandfreedomfighters,loversandswornenemies—they’veallflockedtoe-mailastheywouldtoanynewmediumofexpression.E-mailisconvenient,savestime,bringsusclosertooneanother,andhelpsusmanageourever-more-complexlives.Booksarewritten,campaignsconducted,crimescommitted—allviae-mail.Butitisalsoinconvenient,wastesourtime,isolatesusinfrontofourcomputersandintroducesmorecomplexityintoouralreadytoo-hurriedlives.Toskeptics,e-mailisjustthelatestchapterintheevolvinghistoryofhumancommunication.

Yete-mailallonlinecommunicationisinfactsomethingtrulydifferent;itcapturestheessenceoflifeatthecloseofthe20thcenturywithanauthoritythatfewotherproductsofdigitaltechnologycanclaim.Doesthepaceoflifeseemeverfaster?E-mailsimultaneouslyallowsustocopewiththataccelerationandcontributestoit.Areourattentionspansshrivelingunderbarragesofnew,improvedformsofstimulation?Thequickanddirtye-mailismadetoorderforthosewhoseabilitytoconcentrateismeasuredinnanoseconds.Ifweacceptthatthecreationoftheglobal-spanningInternetisoneofthemostimportanttechnologicalinnovationsofthelasthalfofthiscentury,thenwemustgivee-mail,thelivingembodimentofhumanconnectionacrosstheNet,prideofplace.Thewayweinteractwitheachotherischanging;e-mailisboththecatalystandtheinstrumentofthatchange.

1.Accordingtothepassage,e-mailisconvenientbecauseit()

2.Theauthorofthispassageisaboute-mail()

3.Whichofthefollowingphrasesistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase“give...prideofplace”inParagraph3?

4.AllthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT()

5.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

問題1選項

A.savesourtime

B.introducesmorecomplexityintoourtoo-upsetlives

C.makescommunicationpossible

D.enrichourlives

問題2選項

A.skeptical

B.positive

C.negative

D.firm

問題3選項

A.takeprideintheplace

B.beproudof

C.give...themostimportantposition

D.putstresson

問題4選項

A.E-mailnotonlyallowsustocopewiththefasterpaceoflifebutalsomakesitaccelerated

B.Thewayweinteractwitheachotherischanging

C.E-mailcanhelpusmanageourever-more-complexlives

D.Onlyadvertisersmakeuseofe-mail

問題5選項

A.E-mailisoneofthemostimportanttechnologicalinnovationsofthelasthalfofthe20thcentury.

B.E-mailistheinstrumentthatbringsaboutgreatchangesinhumanconnection.

C.E-mailhelpsusunderstandtheessenceoflifeatthecloseofthe20thcentury.

D.E-mailisnotonlyconvenientbutalsoinconvenient.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段的第四句“E-mailisconvenient,savestime,bringsusclosertooneanother,andhelpsusmanageourever-more-complexlives.”可知選項A正確。

2.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Ifweacceptthat,prideofplace.”如果我們承認(rèn),創(chuàng)建全球范圍的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是本世紀(jì)后半葉最重要的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新之一,那么我們就必須將電子郵件放在頭等重要的位置,因為這是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上人與人之間聯(lián)系的生動的體現(xiàn)。。由此可知作者對電子郵件態(tài)度是積極的。

3.語義題。結(jié)合原文句意:如果我們承認(rèn),全球互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的創(chuàng)建是本世紀(jì)后半葉最重要的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新之一,那么我們就必須將電子郵件放在頭等重要的位置,因為這是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上人與人之間聯(lián)系的生動的體現(xiàn)。prideofplace指頭等重要的位置,選項C符合原文。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段可知不僅僅是廣告商,還藝術(shù)家,自由斗士,情侶以及敵人都用電子郵件,所以選項D錯誤。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要主要圍繞電子郵件講述了其特點和作用,意在指出電子郵件是20世紀(jì)后半葉最重要的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新之一。所以選項A最能概括全文。

11.單選題

Thetrialwasconductedinatheatricalmanner,fullof(

).

問題1選項

A.properprocedures

B.sworntestimony

C.eruditecitations

D.extravaganthistrionics

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞短語辨析。properprocedures適當(dāng)?shù)某绦?;sworntestimony宣誓證詞;eruditecitations博學(xué)的引用;extravaganthistrionics夸張的戲劇表演。句意:審判以一種戲劇般的方式進行,充滿了夸張的表演造作。由inatheatricalmanner可知,答案為D。

12.單選題

It’shightimewe()cuttingdowntherainforests.

問題1選項

A.stopped

B.hadtostop

C.shallstop

D.stop

【答案】A

【解析】句意:是我們停止砍伐熱帶雨林的吋候了。

語法題??疾樘摂M語氣。it'shightime(that)sb.didsth.為固定句式,表示“是吋候某人該做某事了”,故排除C,D。B項為“必須,不得不”的過去式,而“it'shightime(that)sb.didsth.”潛在的含義有“必須”的意思,故排除。因此答案選A。

13.單選題

Thelawyerbrowbeatthewitnessintoconfessinghehadseenthecrimecommitted.

問題1選項

A.talked

B.forced

C.caressed

D.intimidated

【答案】D

【解析】句意:律師恫嚇證人承認(rèn)他目睹了犯罪。browbeat意為恫嚇,嚇唬。只有選項D與之意思相近。

14.單選題

Thisspaciousroomis()furnishedwithjustafewarticlesinit.

問題1選項

A.lightly

B.sparsely

C.hardly

D.rarely

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這間寬敞的房間設(shè)備稀少,里面只有幾件物品。

考查副詞辨析。lightly輕輕地,輕松地,滿不在乎地;sparsely稀疏地,節(jié)省地;hardly幾乎不,幾乎沒有;rarely難得,很少,表示少見,不經(jīng)常的情況。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“里面只有幾件物品”可知B符合句意。

15.單選題

Somescientistshypothesizedthatthereareintellectualbeingsonsome(

)bodies.

問題1選項

A.astronautic

B.celestial

C.astronomical

D.astrological

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項astronautic“太空航行的,宇航員的”,C項astronomical“天文的,天文學(xué)的”,D項astrological“占星的,占星學(xué)的,占星術(shù)的”,B項celestial“天上的,天空的”,celestialbody表示“天體”。由intellectualbeings“有智力的生物”可知,空格部分表示“在一些天體上”。句意:一些科學(xué)家假設(shè)某些天體上有智慧生物。因此,該題選擇B項正確。

16.單選題

Lastyear,thegovernmentaskedtheUniversityofNottinghamtocarryoutresearchontheskillsofuniversitystudents.Thefindingsconfirmthedisquietofemployersatthelackofbasicskillstheyobserveinsomegraduates.Britishuniversitieshaveusuallyadmittedonlythebeststudents,soitissurprisingtoreadaboutthesefindings.

Theresearchshowedthatlessthanoneuniversitystudentinfiveachievesthelevelsexpectedofbright18-year-oldsinallthreeofthekeyskillsofcommunication,theapplicationofnumber,andinformationtechnology(IT).

Somehavearguedthattherearetwootherkeyskillareaswherestudentsmightbeexpectedtoshowsomeability-improvingtheirownlearning,andworkingwithothers.Ifweaddintheseskillareas,theresearchshowsthatonlyaboutadozenstudentsamongnearlytwohundredtestedacrosstenuniversitiesscoredtopmarks.

Notmanyuniversitiesfocusonthesegeneral,basicskills.Indeed,manyuniversitiesassumethattheirhighly-qualifiedifincomingstudentshavealltheseskills.Butaretheyrighttoassumethat?Iftheyarenot,thenuniversityeducatorsmayhavetostartpayingmoreattentiontodevelopingsuchskillsthantheyhaveinthepast.

Itisofcoursepossibletogetagooddegree,evenfromatopclassuniversity,andnotnecessarilyifhaveall-roundskillsnecessaryforoperatinginemploymentandeverydaysituations.SomegraduatesarenotgoodatIT;othershavedifficultyintheapplicationofnumberskills.Manyarepoorincommunicationskillsinspeech,orwriting,orboth.Forexample,manyemployersnotethatevenhighly-qualifiedgraduateshavedifficultyingivingaclearexplanationofsomethingtheyunderstandtoagroupofpeoplelistening.

Achievementoftheseskillsisnotnormallyrequiredinhighschool;however,onemightexpectsstudentstobebetterintheseskillsthantheyare.

TheresultsfromtheUniversityofNottinghamsurveyneedto-betreatedwithsomecare:thesamplewassmall,andweonlyassessedstudentswhocouldbepresentatcertaintimesoftheday;wewerenotabletoassesseveryaspectofeveryskill.(Butevenifwedoubledthenumberofstudentstestedwhoachievedlevel3onourtests-justbelowtheminimumlevelrequiredbyemployerstwothirdsoffirstyearstudentswouldnotnutachievetheseminimumlevels.

Eachofthestudentstookpartinatwo-and-a-halfhourassessmentsession.Duringthissessiontheycompletedpencilandpapertests.Theyalsodidagroupexerciseandpresentation,duringwhichtheyhadtoworkwithothers,andtheneachinturnpresentanoralreport.Inaddition,theywereaskedtocompleteaself-reportquestionnairecoveringtheirknowledgeandexperienceofIT.

Manywouldarguethatbeingbrilliantinanyoneortwooftheseskillsisnotenough,studentsshouldreallyhaveanall-roundabilityinalltheseskillareas.Thestoryismuchlessencouragingwhenwelookatsuccessinacombinationofskills.Onlyaboutfivepercentofthosesampledachievedacceptablelevelsinallfiveskillareas.

Thefactisthatuniversitycoursesvaryagreatdeal.Insomeinstances,theyallowstudentstodoverywellatcertainth

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