Unit 3【速記清單】-2023-2024學年九年級英語上冊單元速記•巧練（牛津譯林版）（原卷版）

Unit3TeenageproblemsUnit1核心話題青少年問題與建議重點詞匯teenage,mark,mad,exam,perhaps,deal,choice,but,awake,hardly,imagine,doubt,worthsuggestion,cause,strict,schoolwork,valuable,friendship,list.etc重點短語1.lookatmystomach(s)2.eatlessandexercisemore3.drivememad4.haveenoughtime5.haveagoodtime=havefundoing6.manageyourtimebetter7.askforadvice重點句型1.Whynoteatlessandexercisemore?2.I'llfinishthefoodforyouthen.3.Idon'tgetenoughsleep.Ifeeltiredinclass.4.TheTVisalwaysonatmyhome.Thenoisealmostdrivesmemad.5.Idon'thaveanyclosefriends.SometimesIfeellonely.6.SometimesIgetlowmarksinexams.Ifeelsad.7.Myparentsworkallday.Theydon'thavetimeforme.8.It'snotwisetospendhoursplayingfootballafterschool.9.Idon'tknowwhytheyaresostrictwithme.語法連接代詞和連接副詞引導的賓語從句寫作介紹青少年常見的問題并給出合理適當?shù)慕ㄗh考點1What’swrong,Eddie?怎么了，Eddie?【精講】What’swrongwithsb./sth.=Whathappenedtosb./sth.詢問某人或某物怎么了/有什么煩心事/麻煩；詢問發(fā)生了什么事e.g.What’swrongwithhisbike?他的自行車怎么了？【經(jīng)典練】1．（2018·甘肅天水·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—What’swrongwiththatgirl?—Sheistired.Sheneedstohaveagoodrest.tired,good,rest B．tired,she,needs,rest C．tired,a,good,rest D．needs,good,rest【寫作佳句】（2021·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Onlyatthattimedidherealizethathewaswrong.只有在那個時候他才意識到自己錯了?？键c2toomuch[教材原句]Youeattoomuch.你吃的太多了?！揪v】：①toomuch+不可數(shù)n.太多......e.g.Thereistoomuchwateronthefloor.地上有太多水。②toomany+可數(shù)n.復數(shù)太多......e.g.Therearetoomanypeopleinthemall.商場里人太多了。③muchtoo+adj.太......e.g.Youaremuchtooheavy.你太重了?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Therewere________peopleand________noisethere.A．toomany;muchtoo B．toomany;toomuchC．toomuch;toomany D．toomuch;muchtoo【寫作佳句】（2023·山東菏澤·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Teenagersthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.——現(xiàn)在的青少年太依賴父母了?？键c3Whynot[教材原句]Whynoteatlessandexercisemore?為什么不少吃多鍛煉呢？【精講】“Whynot...”句型常用于提出建議或表達某人的看法，其后加動詞原形，相當于”Whydon’tyou...?”，肯定答語：”O(jiān)K!/Allright!/Goodidea!”,否定答語：”Sorry,.../I’mafraidnot.”e.g.Whynotgoforapicnic?=Whydon’tyougoforapicnic?為什么不去野餐呢？-Whynotgoswimmingthisafternoon?為什么今天下午不去游泳呢？-Goodidea!/Sorry,Iambusythisafternoon.好主意！/對不起，我今天下午很忙。【經(jīng)典練】1．（2023·甘肅定西·?？寄M預測）Whynot________outtheproblembyyourself?A．tryingtowork B．tryworking C．trywork D．tryingworking【寫作佳句】（2017·四川眉山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—WhynotjoinanEnglishclubtopracticespeakingEnglish.為什么不加入一個英語俱樂部來練習說英語呢？考點4TheTVisalwaysonathome.我家電視總是開著。【精講】on（燈、水龍頭等）開著的，意思是“處于工作狀態(tài)中；在進行中”此句中的on是副詞，意為“（燈、水龍頭等）開著”，其反義詞off意為“未連接；不工作”e.g.Thelightsareon.Someonemustbethere.燈（還）亮著?？隙ㄓ腥嗽谀抢?。e.g.Hurryup.Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.快點兒，電影已經(jīng)開演十分鐘了。e.g.Themachinecan’trun.Maybethepowerisoff.機器運轉(zhuǎn)不了，可能斷電了?？键c5noise噪聲[教材原句]Thenoisealmostdrivesmemad.噪聲幾乎讓我抓狂了?！揪v】(1)noise作名詞，意為“噪聲”,指不悅耳的嘈雜聲或任何令人討厭的聲音。其形容詞為noisy(吵鬧的喧嘩的);副詞為noisily(嘈雜地，吵鬧地)。e.g.Therewerealotofpeopleandmuchnoisethere.那里人很多，而且有很多噪聲。[易混辨析]noise，voice與soundnoise噪聲指不悅耳的聲音，如嘈雜聲、吵鬧聲等voice嗓音指人發(fā)出的聲音,如說話聲歌聲等sound聲音泛指人聽到的一切聲音(2)drivesbmad使某人受不了mad作形容詞，意為“發(fā)瘋的;生氣的”，drivesbmad意為“使某人受不了”,mad是形容詞，在此作賓語補足語。【經(jīng)典練】1．（2023·黑龍江綏化·校聯(lián)考三模）Themachineismakingsomuch________.How________itis!A．noisy;noise B．noise;noisy C．noise;noisily【寫作佳句】（2023·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Weshouldavoidmakinganoiseinthelibrary.我們應該避免在圖書館里制造噪音?？键c6closev.關(guān)閉[教材原句]havesomeclosefriends有一些親密的朋友【精講】(1)closev.關(guān)閉e.g.Theshopclosesat10p.m.everyday.這家商店每天十點關(guān)門。(2)closeadj.親密的e.g.Theyhavecloserelationships.他們關(guān)系親密。(3)closelyadv.緊密地，接近地，嚴密地，親近地e.g.Theywatchedcloselytothetigersinthezoo.他們在動物園里很近地觀察了老虎?！窘?jīng)典練】1．（2018·湖南永州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Don’tforget________thewindowsbeforeyouleave.A．toclose B．closing C．closed【寫作佳句】（2021·江蘇無錫·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thecompanyannounceditwouldcloseonethirdofitsbookstoresthenextyearasmorepeoplechosetoreade-books.該公司宣布，由于越來越多的人選擇閱讀電子書，明年將關(guān)閉三分之一的書店?？键c7lonely寂寞的;孤獨的[教材原句]SometimesIfeellonely.有時候我感到孤獨。【精講】(1)lonely寂寞的;孤獨的lonely作形容詞，意為“寂寞的;孤獨的”，強調(diào)主觀的感受。lonely還可用作定語，意為“荒涼的;偏僻的”，多修飾表示地點的名詞。e.g.Therearemanypeoplearoundtheoldman,buthestillfeelslonely.這位老人周圍有許多人，但他仍感到孤獨。e.g.Helivedonalonelyisland.他住在一個荒涼的島上。辨析:lonely與alonelonely寂寞的;孤獨的作表語或定語，常用在feel之后;側(cè)重主觀感受alone獨自的(地);單獨的(地);作表語或狀語，放在be動詞或其他動詞之后;強調(diào)客觀情況(alone=byoneself=onone’sown)(2)辨析sometimes,sometimes,sometime與sometimesometimes有時Sometimeshehadlunchatschool.sometimes幾次、幾倍I’vebeentothemuseumsometimes.sometime某時IwillvisitDamingsometimethissummervacation.sometime一段時間Shehaslivedhereforsometime.【經(jīng)典練】1．Whenyoufeel________,justrememberyouarenot________intheworldbecauseyourparentsandfriendsarealwaysaroundyou.A．a(chǎn)lone,alone B．lonely,alone C．a(chǎn)lone,lonely D．lonely,lonely【寫作佳句】（2022·新疆·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Cindyfeltlonelyinhernewschool,soshejoinedsomeclubstomakenewfriends.辛迪在她的新學校感到孤獨，所以她加入了一些俱樂部結(jié)交新朋友?？键c8perhaps或許;可能[教材原句Perhapsyoushouldmanageyourtimebetterandgotobedearlier.或許你應該更好地安排你的時間，早點兒上床睡覺?！揪v】(1)perhaps或許;可能perhaps為副詞,意為“或許，可能”,通常放在句首，也可放在句中，位于實義動詞之前，助動詞、系動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后。e.g.ThisisperhapsthemostinterestingfilmIhaveeverseen.這或許是我曾經(jīng)看過的最有趣的電影。(2)managetodosth.“設法做成某事，努力完成某事”=succeedindoingsth.成功做成某事【經(jīng)典練】1．—WhereisTony?Ineedtotalktohim.—________hehasgonetothelibrary.I’mnotsure.A．Luckily B．Surprisingly C．Perhaps D．Finally【寫作佳句】（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Sinceyoucan’tworkouttheproblem,perhapsyouneedtoaskyourclassmatesforhelp.既然你解不出這道題，也許你需要向你的同學求助。考點9dealwith處理;對付[教材原句Ihaveaproblem,andIdonotknowhowIshoulddealwithit.我有一個問題，我不知道我應該如何處理它?！揪v】dealwith處理;對付dealwith意為“處理;對付”,多與how連用，用來詢問“如何處理某事”，其主語通常是人。e.g.Haven'tyoudealtwiththatletteryet?你還沒處理那封信嗎?e.g.Howdidthepolicedealwiththataccident?警察是怎樣處理那場事故的?[易混辨析]dealwith與dowithdeal是不及物動詞，因此dealwith要與疑問副詞how連用，構(gòu)成特殊疑問句do是及物動詞，因此dowith要與可作賓語的疑問代詞what連用，構(gòu)成特殊疑問句e.g.Whatdopeopledowiththeiroldbutstillusefulcomputers?人們怎樣處理他們舊的但是還能用的電腦?【經(jīng)典練】1．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中學?？寄M預測）Comeon!Ibelieveyoucan________thedifficultiesinstudy.A．dealwith B．dependon C．workon【寫作佳句】（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·模擬預測）Airpollutionisgettingworseintheworld.Sohumanshavetocomeupwithnewwaystodealwiththisproblem.世界上的空氣污染越來越嚴重。因此，人類必須想出新的方法來解決這個問題?？键c10choice“選擇;抉擇”。[教材原句Ihavealotofhomeworkeveryday,andIhavenochoicebuttodoit.每天我都有很多家庭作業(yè),我別無選擇，只能去做?！揪v】havenochoicebutto.....別無選擇,只能.....本句中choice作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“選擇權(quán);選擇的可能性”。常用詞組havenochoicebutto...意為“別無選擇，只能.e.g.Myfatherhasnochoicebuttoacceptthefact.除了接受這個事實我爸爸別無選擇。知識拓展:choice還可作可數(shù)名詞,意為“選擇;抉擇”。常用詞組makechoice意為“做選擇”e.g.Youmustmakeachoicebetweenfamilyandcareer.你必須在家庭和事業(yè)之間做選擇?！窘?jīng)典練】1．（2022秋·湖北·九年級統(tǒng)考期末）—Dad,whichisthebetter________forme,aseniorhighschooloravocational（職業(yè)的）highschool?—EitherisOK.Itdependsonyourplanandeffort.A．result B．choice C．experience D．custom【寫作佳句】FacingallkindsofinformationontheInternet,wehavetomakechoiceswisely.面對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的各種信息，我們必須明智地做出選擇?？键c11stayup熬夜[教材原句Ioftenhavetostayuplate.我經(jīng)常不得不熬夜。【精講】stayup熬夜stayup是不及物動詞短語,意為“熬夜”。e.g.It'sabadhabittostayup.熬夜是個壞習慣。[拓展]關(guān)于stay短語stayathome呆在家gothereforashortstay去那兒短暫停留stayhealthy/alive/awake保持健康/生機/清醒stayup(late)熬夜stayout呆在外面【經(jīng)典練】1.Kate’smothernever________latebecauseshethinks________upisbadforherhealth.A.stayup,stay B.stayup,stayingC.staysup,stay D.staysup,staying2．Iamverytired.BecauseI________latetowatchthesoccergameonTVlastnight.A．pickedup B．gotup C．putup D．stayedup【寫作佳句】（2022·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Don’tstayuplatetofinishthedesign,oryoumaybetiredout.Remember,don’tburnthecandleatbothends.不要熬夜完成設計，否則您可能會感到疲倦。記住，不要過分透支體力?？键c12hardly幾乎不[教材原句]However,Ihardlyhaveanysparetimeformyhobbieslikevolleyballandmusic.然而，我?guī)缀鯖]有任何空閑的時間從事我的業(yè)余愛好，像排球和音樂?！揪v】hardly幾乎不常考hardly作副詞,意為“幾乎不”,常位于實義動詞之前，系動詞、情態(tài)動詞或助動詞之后。e.g.ItwassodarkthatIcouldhardlyseeanything.天那么黑，以至于我?guī)缀跏裁炊伎床灰?。e.g.Hehardlyevereatsmeat.他幾乎從來不吃肉?！窘?jīng)典練】1．（2023·遼寧營口·中考真題）Hearingthe19thAsianGameswouldbeheldinHangzhou,China,wecould________controlourfeelingofpride.A．really B．hardly C．nearly D．clearly【寫作佳句】（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）IlovedthebooksomuchthatIcouldhardlyputitdown我太喜歡這本書了，簡直愛不釋手?？键c13imagine想象,設想[教材原句]Ican’timaginemylifewithouthobbies.我無法相像沒有業(yè)余愛好的生活?！揪v】imagine想象,設想imagine作動詞,意為“想象，設想"，指想象某事可能發(fā)生或存在。imagine后可以接名詞、代詞、動名詞或從句作賓語。e.g.Noonecanimaginelivingaloneontheisland.(接動名詞)沒有人能想象獨自居住在那個島上(的情景)。e.g.Imagineyouareafamousactorinthefuture.(接從句)設想一下你將來是一位著名的演員?！窘?jīng)典練】1.Canyouimagine________inalonelyislandbyyourself？A.live B.tolive C.lived D.living2．（2023·山東菏澤·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Canyou________whatourlifewillbelikein100years?—Yes.Everybodycantraveltothemoonfreely.A．imagine B．produce C．improve【寫作佳句】—I’msurprisedthathecanmakeanythingyoucanimagine.——我很驚訝他能制作出任何你能想象出的東西?？键c14doubt“懷疑”[教材原句]IoftendoubtwhetheritisworthspendingSomuchtimeon.我常常懷疑花這么多時間做家庭作業(yè)是否值得?！揪v】doubt作為動詞，意為“懷疑”，后常常接名詞、代詞或if/that/whether引導的從句作賓語。Theydoubtthetruthofit.他們懷疑此事的真實性。e.g.IneverdoubtthatDavidisagoodman.我從不懷疑戴維是個好人。e.g.Wedoubtedif/whetherDavidtoldusthetruth.我們懷疑戴維是否告訴了我們(事情的)真相。知識拓展:doubt還可以作名詞，意為“疑惑;懷疑”，常用短語withoutdoubt意為“毫無疑問”?！揪v】beworthdoingsth值得做某事worth為形容詞,意為“值得;.....錢”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)beworthdoingsth表示“值得做某事”。worth前面可用well,really,verymuch,hardly，easily等詞語修飾,但一般不用very修飾。e.g.Thisbookisworthreading.這本書值得一讀。e.g.It'swellworthmakingtheefforttolearnhowtodoit.很值得花一一番功夫去學習怎么做這件事?！窘?jīng)典練】1.Thereis________thatwhattheyhavedoneisgoodforus.A.adoubt B.doubted C.nodoubt D.indoubt2．（2023·安徽·校聯(lián)考二模）HeissocleverandIneverdoubt________hecanworkoutproblem.A．if B．whether C．that D．what【寫作佳句】（2022·貴州黔東南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）ThereisnodoubtthatHarryPotterisworthreading毫無疑問，《哈利波特》值得一讀?？键c15offer主動提供[教材原句]Canyouoffermesomesuggestions?您能給我提供一些建議嗎?【精講】offer主動提供;自愿給予?？紀ffer意為“主動提供;自愿給予”,常用短語offersbsth.或offersth.tosb.意為“提供某人某物”可與”providesb.withsth.”和”providesth.forsb.”互換;offertodosth.意為“主動做某事”e.g.Iwasofferedajobfromthatcompany.我被那家公司錄用了。/那家公司給我提供了一份工作。=Thatcompanyprovidedajobforme.【經(jīng)典練】1．（2022·遼寧撫順·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ourcityplansto______morejobstoyoungpeoplethissummer.A．offer B．change C．choose D．find【寫作佳句】（2021·貴州黔西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ourbusinesswillnotimproveunlessweofferbetterservicestothecustomers.如果我們不為顧客提供更好的服務，我們的生意就不會改善?？键c16hearfrom收到.....的來信[教材原句]Ihopetohearfromyousoon我希望很快收到您的來信?！揪v】hearfrom收到.....的來信,后接表示人的名詞或代詞,相當于get/receivealetterfrom。e.g.Iheardfrommyparentsyesterday.=Igot/receivedaletterfrommyparentsyesterday.昨天我收到了我父母的來信。【經(jīng)典練】1．（2023·天津紅橋·統(tǒng)考一模）It’sgreatto________youMike,butI’mafraidIcan’tcometoyourbirthdayparty.A．searchfor B．findout C．hearfrom D．putaway【寫作佳句】（2017·黑龍江大慶·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Wehaven’theardfromourforeignteachersincehereturnedtoAmerica.自從我們的外教回國后我們沒有收到他的消息?？键c17allow“允許:準許”[教材原句]ThenIgetintotroublebecausemyparentsdonotallowmetoplayoutsideafter6p.m.然后我陷入了困境，因為我父母不允許我下午六點之后在外面玩?！揪v】allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事?？糰llow作動詞，意為“允許:準許”。allowsb.todosth.表示“允許某人做某事”,其被動結(jié)構(gòu)是sb.beallowedtodosth.e.g.Pleaseallowmetointroducemybestfriend.請允許我介紹我最好的朋友。[注意]當allow后面直接跟動詞時,應用動詞-ing形式。allow后不可接動詞不定式。e.g.Wedon'tallowsmokinginthehall.我們不允許(有人)在大廳里吸煙。【經(jīng)典練】1．（2017·山東東營·統(tǒng)考中考真題）InSwitzerland,keepingonlyonegoldfishisn’t________,becausethegovernmentbelievesitisverybadtomakesuchsocialanimalslivealone.A．stopped B．doubted C．refused D．a(chǎn)llowed【寫作佳句】（2021·湖南益陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ourteachersdon’tallowustousemobilephonesintheschool.我們老師不允許我們在學校用手機?？键c18strict“嚴厲的,嚴格的”[教材原句]Idonotunderstandwhytheyaresostrictwithme.我不明白他們?yōu)槭裁磳ξ乙笕绱藝栏?。【精講】這是一個含有why引導的賓語從句的復合句?？键cbestrictwithsb對某人要求嚴格?？約trict作形容詞，意為“嚴厲的,嚴格的”。bestrictwithsb意為“對某人要求嚴格”e.g.Myfatherisstrictwithmeinmystudies.我的父親在學業(yè)上對我要求嚴格。[易混辨析]bestrictwith與bestrictinbestrictwith對某人要求嚴格bestrictin對某事要求嚴格后接事或物e.g.MissZhangisalwaysstrictinherwork.張小姐總是對自己的工作要求嚴格。【經(jīng)典練】1．（2022秋·吉林長春·九年級長春外國語學校校考期末）—Mr.Smithisverystrict________hisstudents,isn’the?—Yes,heis.Heisstrict________hisworkaswell.A．with;at B．in;at C．with;in D．in;in【寫作佳句】（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Amanshouldbestrictwithhimself,butbefriendlytoothers.一個人應該嚴于律己，友好待人。考點19lookforwardto盼望;期待[教材原句]Ilookforwardtoyourvaluableadvice.我期待您的寶貴的建議?！揪v】lookforwardto盼望;期待lookforwardto是固定短語，意為“盼望;期待",后面接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式作賓語e.g.They'relookingforwardtoyourvisit.他們期待著你的來訪。e.g.I'mlookingforwardtoworkingwithyouagain.我期待著再次與你共事?！揪v】valuable寶貴的;貴重的”，valuable是形容詞，在句中作定語或表語。bevaluabletosb相當于beofvaluetosb,意為“對某人是寶貴的”。e.g.Isthewatchvaluable?這塊手表值錢嗎?e.g.Thenecklaceisvaluabletome.=Thenecklaceisofvaluetome.考這條項鏈對我而言很寶貴?！窘?jīng)典練】1．（2022秋·河北張家口·九年級張家口市第一中學校考期末）—It’ssaidthattheShenzhou-14astronautswillsayhellotousontheMid-AutumnFestival.—Wonderful!I’m_______it.A.lookingforwardto B．havingtroublein C．gettingalongwith D．stayingawayfrom【寫作佳句】Thewonderfulbuthard-workingdaysatschoolwelookforwardtowillarrivesoon.我們期待的美好而又辛苦的學校日子即將到來。考點20workout算出;解決[教材原句]Thenworkouthowmuchtimeyouneedtofinishitall.然后計算出你需要多長時間完成所有的家庭作業(yè)。【精講】workout算出;解決workout意為“算出;解決”,其中out為副詞,如果賓語為名詞，名詞放在out之前或之后均可;如果賓語為代詞,代詞需放在work與out之間。e.g.Hetriedeverythingpossibletoworkouttheproblem.他嘗試了一切可能的方法來解決這個問題。e.g.Themathsproblemissodifficultthatnoonecanworkitout.這道數(shù)學題太難了，以至于沒有人能把它算出來。同類歸納：由“動詞+out”構(gòu)成的短語getout出去handout分發(fā)tryout試田.些試giveout分發(fā);發(fā)出lookout當心;小心runout用光【經(jīng)典練】—Meimeiis_____thedifficultmathproblem.—I’msureshe’ll_____.A.workingon;workiton B.workingout;workitoutC.workingout;workiton D.workingon;workitout2．（2022秋·新疆烏魯木齊·九年級烏市一中校聯(lián)考期末）Theproblemisverydifficult.Canyouhelpme________?A．workitout B．takeitout C．putitup D．cutitdown【寫作佳句】（2022·湖北·統(tǒng)考中考真題）DianaandLilyshouldworkoutthecostcarefullyfortheholiday.戴安娜和莉莉應該仔細計算假期的費用?？键c21afew一些;幾個[教材原句]Secondproblem:onlyafewfriends，classmateslaughatherandcallherabookworm第二個問題:只有幾個朋友，同學們嘲笑她并叫她書呆子?！揪v】(1)考點:afew一些;幾個?？?afew意為“-一些;幾個”，修飾可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式。TheywillleaveChinainafewdays.他們將在幾天之后離開中國。e.g.Thereislittledoubtinmymind.我心里幾乎沒有疑問e.g.Thereisalittlewaterintheglass.杯子里有一點兒水。(2)考點laughat嘲笑”?？糽aughat是動詞短語,意為“嘲笑”e.g.Itisnotrighttolaughatothers.嘲笑別人是不對的。[易混辨析]laughat與smileatlaughat嘲笑多指笑話別人smileat對....笑一般指友善的笑(3)考點“疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)?？紈hattodo是“疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作tell的直接賓語。“疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可以作主語賓語或表語等成分,常與下列動詞(詞組)連用:tell,teach,know,wonder,learn,show，findout,ask,decide,understand等。e.g.Wheretogohasn'tbeendecidedyet.(作主語)去哪兒還沒確定下來。e.g.You'dbettertellmehowtodoit.(作賓語)你最好告訴我怎樣做這件事。e.g.Thequestioniswhentogetthere.(作表語)問題是什么時候到那兒。注意:當“疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語時，可把這種結(jié)構(gòu)改為一個賓語從句,從而把簡單句改為復合句，并且保持其意義不變。e.g.Heshowedmehowtostartthemachine.=HeshowedmehowIcouldstartthemachine.他給我示范如何發(fā)動這臺機器。【經(jīng)典練】1．（2020·四川涼山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Susan,thereis___________riceand___________noodlesathome.Willyougoshoppingwithme?—Sorry,Ihavetowaitforthepostman.A．little;few B．few;little C．a(chǎn)few;little D．few;alittle【寫作佳句】（2021·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ilearnedtoskatequickly.Atfirst,Ifelldownafewtimes,butnowIseldomfalldown.我很快學會了滑冰。起初，我摔倒了幾次，但現(xiàn)在我很少摔倒了?？键c22goover“復習;回顧”[教材原句]Perhapsyoushouldgooverwhatyou'velearntasoftenaspossible.或許你應該盡可能地經(jīng)常復習你所學過的東西?！揪v】（1）goover是固定短語,意為“復習;回顧”。e.g.Thegirloftengoesoverherlessonsbeforegoingtobed.這個女孩經(jīng)常在上床睡覺前復習她的功課。知識拓展:goover還可表示“仔細檢查”。e.g.Willyougooverthispassagetoseeifthereareanymistakes?你仔細檢查一下這篇文章,看看是否有一些錯誤，好嗎?（2）考點as..as.possible是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“盡可能.......,as與as之間是形容詞或副詞的原級形式。a...possible與as...assbcan/could意思相同。e.g.Ithinktheywillbebackassoonaspossible.我認為他們會盡可能快地回來。e.g.Togetthereontime,youneedtorunasfastaspossible.為了按時到那兒，你需要盡可能快地跑?！窘?jīng)典練】1.Please______yourexampapersonceagainbeforehandingthemin.A．goingover B．wentoverC．goover D．togoover【寫作佳句】（2019·海南省直轄縣級單位·中考真題）Asstudents，weshouldgooverlessonsanddoourhomeworkcarefully．作為學生，我們應該認真復習功課和做作業(yè)?？键c23trytodosth盡力做某事[教材原句]Trytopronounceallthewordscorrectly.盡力把所有的單詞都發(fā)音正確?！揪v】考點：trytodosth盡力做某事?？紅rytodosth意為“盡力做某事”,其否定形式為trynottodosth.Tryone'sbesttodosth意為“盡某人最大的努力做某事”。e.g.HeisSopoor.Weshouldtrytohelphim.他如此的貧窮。我們應當盡力幫助他。知識拓展:trydoingsth意為“試著做某事’e.g.Whynottryworkingoutthemathsprobleminanotherway?【經(jīng)典練】1．—Itried________itoutinthisway,butIfailed(失敗).—Whynot________itinsomeotherways?A．towork;trydoing B．towork;trytodo C．working;totrytodo【寫作佳句】Nowadaysalotofyoungpeoplearetryingtodomorethingstoservetheold.現(xiàn)在很多年輕人都在嘗試做更多的事來為老年人服務?？键c24ofone'sage與某人同齡的[教材原句]Manystudentsofouragehavethisproblem.許多和我們同齡的學生有這樣的問題。【精講】考點：ofone'sage與某人同齡的介詞短語ofone'sage意為“與某人同齡的”，在句中作后置定語。e.g.Sheneedsmorefriendsofherownage.她需要更多和她同齡的朋友。考點25thankyoufor.....感謝你[教材原句]Thankyouverymuchfortellingmeaboutyourproblems.非常感謝你告訴我你的問題?！揪v】考點：thankyoufor.....感謝你?？紅hankyou.意為“感謝你”，介詞for后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞。e.g.Thankyouverymuchforyourletter非常感謝你的來信。e.g.Thankyouforbuyingmethebook謝謝你給我買了這本書。[易混辨析]thanksfor..與thanksto…thanksfor...因...感謝后接名詞代詞或動名詞，說明要感謝的原因thanksto...多虧....;幸虧.....后跟某人或某物，不表達感謝的含義,只說明事情發(fā)生的背景或原因【經(jīng)典練】1．（2022·廣西梧州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Thankyouforopeningthewindow.—________!A．Comeon B．NoproblemC．You’rewelcome D．Nevermind【寫作佳句】Thankyouforpointingoutthemistakesinmyhomework.謝謝你指出我作業(yè)中的錯誤。一．語法精講——賓語從句連接代詞和連接副詞引導的賓語從句1.賓語從句可由連接代詞what/who/whom/whose/which等引導,它們在賓語從句中可作主語、賓語、表語或定語等,因此不能省略?！揪v】e.g.Doyouknowwhowillcomethisafternoon?(作主語)你知道今天下午誰會來嗎?e.g.Didyouhearwhatshesaid?(作賓語)你聽見她說什么了嗎?e.g.Idon'tknowwhosethatis.(作表語)我不知道那是誰的。e.g.Couldyoutellmewhichbuswehavetotake?(作bus的定語)你能告訴我我們得坐哪路公共汽車嗎?練一練練一練1.Everyonecanplayanimportantpartinsociety.Asmembers，weshouldtryourbesttodo_______.A.whatweshoulddo B.whatshouldwedoC.howweshoulddo D.howshouldwedo【答案】A【解析】句意：每個人在社會上都能起重要作用。作為社會成員，我們應該盡力把自己應該做的事情做好?？疾橘e語從句。whatweshoulddo我們應該做什么；whatshouldwedo是疑問語序；howweshoulddo我們應該怎樣做，從句中還缺少賓語，故不對；howshouldwedo是疑問語序。作為賓語從句，選項A和C的語序是正確的，排除B、D。引導詞what意為“什么”，在此作do的賓語。故應選A。2.There’resomanytoysto________thathecan’tdecide________.A.choosefrom,tochoosewhichone B.choosefrom,whichonetochooseC.choose,tochoosewhichone D.choose,whichonetochoose【答案】B【解析】句意：有如此多的玩具供選擇以至于他不能決定選擇哪一個。choose后面接的是挑選的內(nèi)容和對象，即將被選中的東西；而choosefrom后接的是挑選的范圍；根據(jù)題干可知，句子意思是從manytoys中加以選擇，故用choosefrom，排除CD；第二個空考的是疑問詞+動詞不定式作decide的賓語，whichone是引導詞，應放開頭，故排除A，故選B。2.賓語從句也可由連接副詞when/where/how/why等引導,它們在賓語從句中作狀語，不可省略。含有how的疑問詞組也可引導賓語從句，主要有howold/howmanyhowmuchhowoften等?！揪v】e.g.Wedidn'tknowwhenshewouldcomeback.我們不知道她什么時候回來。e.g.CanyoutellmehowIgettothepostoffice?你能告訴我怎樣到達郵局嗎?e.g.Doyouknowhowoldheis?你知道他多大嗎?練一練練一練1.—Doyouknow________?I'mgoingtoseehim.—Sorry,Idon'tknow.A.wheredoesMr.Lilive B.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.Lilives D.whereMr.Lilived【答案】C【解析】句意：——你知道李老師住在哪里嗎？我打算去看他?！獙Σ黄穑也恢馈？疾橘e語從句。根據(jù)“Doyouknow…?”可知本題考查賓語從句，賓語從句需要采用陳述句語序，選項A、B是疑問語序，所以排除；根據(jù)“I'mgoingtoseehim.”可知問現(xiàn)在的主旨，選項D是一般過去時，所以排除，故選C。3.連接代詞和連接副詞引導賓語從句時，若從句的主語與主句的主語(或主句的間接賓語)相同，則可用“連接代詞連接副詞+動詞不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)代替賓語從句?！揪v】e.g.Ican'tdecidewhatIshouldbuyformydaughter.=Ican'tdecidewhattobuyformydaughter.我不能決定該給我女兒買什么。[注意]①賓語從句的語序必須是陳述句語序。e.g.Shewantstoknowwhenthetrainwillarrive她想知道火車將什么時候到。②含有賓語從句的復合句的標點由主句決定。e.g.Nooneknowswhatheisdoing.沒人知道他正在做什么。e.g.CouldyoutellmehowIgettothehospital?你能告訴我怎么到達醫(yī)院嗎?③賓語從句有自己的時態(tài)原則。當主句時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時時,賓語從句用自己所需要的任意時態(tài);當主句時態(tài)為一般過去時時，賓語從句也要用相應的過去時;當賓語從句講述的是客觀事實或真理時,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。e.g.Idon'tknowwhenhewillcometomorrow.我不知道他明天什么時候來。e.g.Iknewwhenhewouldcometomorrow.我知道他明天什么時候來。e.g.Ourteacheroldusthatthesunisbiggerthanthemoo我們的老師告訴我們,太陽比月亮更大。練一練練一練1.Thestudentsaskedtheteacherabouttheproblembecausetheydidn’tknow__________.A.whattosolving B.howtosolvingC.whattosolve D.howtosolve【答案】D【解析】句意：學生們問老師問題，因為他們不知道如何解決。考查疑問詞+動詞不定式。whattosolving形式錯誤；howtosolving形式錯誤；whattosolve解決什么；howtosolve怎樣解決，根據(jù)Thestudentsaskedtheteacherabouttheproblem，可知solve的賓語是theproblem，所以不用疑問代詞what，而用how表示怎樣解決，故選D。提建議的句型【精講】1.“Whynot..."是"Whydon'tyou..."的縮略形式，意為“為什么不...后面跟動詞原形。e.g.Whynotstayforacupoftea?=Whydon'tyoustayforacupoftea?2.“HowWhatabout..?"意為...怎么樣?”后接名詞、代詞或動名詞，常用來征求意見。e.g.How/Whataboutgoingtotherestauranttohaveameal?3.Let’s…意為“我們吧?！焙竺娓鷦釉~原形。其否定形式“Let'snot.."意為“我們不要.....e.g.Let'sgoandplayfootballe.g.Let'snotwatchTV.4."Shallwe"意為“我們..好嗎?”后跟動詞原形。e.g.Shallwegoshoppingtomorrow?我們明天去購物好嗎?二、作文寫作技巧一、話題分析本單元的話題是“青少年問題與建議”，本單元寫作要求同學們能根據(jù)相關(guān)信息提示簡單地介紹青少年常見的問題并給出合理適當?shù)慕ㄗh。問題主要包括具體內(nèi)容和原因，建議可以根據(jù)對象利用多種句式表達。在具體的寫作中，學生應做到以下幾點：1.能用含有特殊疑問詞的賓語從句描述問題；2.能用多種句式提出建議或理由；3.能正確使用標點符號；4.能利用豐富的句式組織所給材料。二、寫作步驟步驟一：確定問題與建議的內(nèi)容和順序。步驟二：列舉有關(guān)問題與建議的句型，多多益善。步驟三：成段成篇，修改完善。三、詞匯積累1.getfat變胖2.toomuch+后加不可數(shù)名詞toomany+后加可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)muchtoo+后加形容詞和副詞3.注意payattentionto+doingsth4.和某人分享某物sharesthwithsb5.少吃多鍛煉eatlessandexercisemore6.enough"足夠”與名詞連用，enoughbooks。與形容詞連用放其后，goodenough。結(jié)構(gòu)：形容詞+enoughtodosth足夠怎么樣可以做...7.有足夠時間做某事haveenoughtimetodosth8.讓某人發(fā)瘋drivesbmad9.（電視）開著beon10.感到孤獨/瞌睡feellonely/sleepy11.盡量做某事trytodosth12.處理dealwithdowith,dealwith常與how連用，dowith常與what連用13.除此做某事，別無選擇havenochoicebuttodo14.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事....樣findit+形容詞+todosth15.熬夜熬到很晚stayuplate16.保持清醒stayawake按時ontime17.想象做某事imaginedoingsth18.盡可能經(jīng)常asoftenaspossibleasoftenassbcan.19.大聲讀英語readEnglishaloud20.某人花費多長時間做某事sbspend+sometimeonsthsbspendsometimeindoingsth21.值得做某事beworthdoingsth22.夢想做某事dreamofdoingsth23.復習goover..24.給某人提供某物offersbsth=offersthtosb25.建議（名詞）：a.advice是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復數(shù)。b.suggestion是可數(shù)名詞，復數(shù)為suggestions26.hope的用法：a.hopethat+從句b.hopetodosth27.收到某人的來信hearfromsb28.對...癡迷becrazyabout...29.我對足球的喜愛myloveoffootball30.擔心某人worryaboutsbbeworriedaboutsb31.陷入麻煩getintotrouble32.允許某人做某事allowsbtodosth33.對某人嚴格bestrictwithsb對某事嚴格bestrictinsth34.在外面待到很晚stayoutlate35.期望做某事lookforwardtodoing36.沒有取得進步makelittleprogress四、句型積累1.許多我們同齡的學生都有這個問題Manystudentsofouragehavethisproblem2.sothat...以至于....其后的句子常含有情態(tài)動詞。例如：IdreamofalongholidaysothatIcouldhavemoretimeformyhobbies.3.What'sthematter?Whatiswrong?怎么了？+withsb4.提建議的句型：a.Whynot+v...whydon'tyou+v...?b.Whatabout+doingsth/howabout+doingsth?c.Youhadbetter(not)+dosth5.他們沒有時間陪我Theydon'thavetimeforme.6.按時完成所有家庭作業(yè)很重要Itisimportanttofinishallthehomeworkontime.7.我?guī)缀鯖]有任何空閑時間從事我的愛好Ihardlyhaveanysparetimeformyhobbies.句型結(jié)構(gòu)Thankyoufortellingmeaboutyourproblems.YouareunhappywithManystudentsofouragehavethisproblem.Youalsoworryabout...Youalwaysfeelsad/angry/stressedabout...Ihopeyouthinkmyadvice/suggestionsis/areworthtaking.五、寫作訓練1．假如你是Mary，你的朋友Jack寫信向你求助。請根據(jù)提示，完成回信，必須包括以下要點：問題來源問題建議學習作業(yè)多，睡眠不足仔細計劃時間、不熬夜愛好沒有時間打籃球打一兩個小時，平衡課業(yè)和愛好朋友沒有密友……（至少兩條）要求：1）詞數(shù)：80~100個詞（已給出的內(nèi)容不計入總詞數(shù)）2）條理清楚、語句連貫。DearJack,Thankyoufortellingmeyourproblems._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】DearJack,Thankyoufortellingmeyourproblems.Youtoldmethatyoualwayshavetoomuchhomeworkandtoolittlesleep.Whynotmakegoodplansforyourhomework.You’dbettermakeuseoftimetohaveagoodrestsothatyoucanbeenergeticenoughforstudy.Youalsosaidyouhavelittletimetoplaybasketball.Ithinkyoucanplayonceortwiceaweek.Enoughsportsisgoodforthinking.Youworriedaboutnothavingclosefriends.Whatabouttalkingwithsomeonewithsimilarhobbies?It’sinterestingtoshareyourhobbywithyourclassmates.Themoreyoutalk,themorepossibleyouwillbefriends.Ihopemyadvicewillbehelpfultoyou.Lookingforwardtoyourgoodnews.I’malwaysreadytohelp.Yours,Mary【范文點評】本文要求根據(jù)表格所給的材料，以瑪麗的身份給朋友杰克寫封回信，班長他解決他的問題。分析可知時態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時為主，人稱主要為第二人稱。首先認真審題，確定文章的中心和要點。同時應選用合適的連接詞或過渡詞，使文章具有一定的連貫性。必須認真查驗是否有漏寫情況，有無拼寫錯誤及標點誤用等?！军c評】考查材料作文。寫作是要緊扣題目要求，簡明扼要，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，語言表達到位?？赡苡玫降亩陶Z：toomuchhomework，stayuplate,plantodosth,keepabalance等。重點詞組1.I''mgettingfat. 我在發(fā)胖2.eattoomuch 吃得太多too/somuch+不可數(shù)名詞 太多/如此多too/somany+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)muchtoo+形容詞 實在太3.Whynoteatlessandexercisemore? 為什么不少吃多鍛煉呢?4.askforadviceonhowtosolvetheirproblems 征求如何解決他們問題的建議5.almostdrivememad(madder-maddest) 幾乎使我受不了6.getlow/high/fullmarksinexams 在考試中得低/高/滿分7.Theydon'thavetimeforme. 他們沒有時間陪我8.feelsleepy(sleepier)inclasses 在課堂上感到困倦feellonely 感到孤獨(lonelier)9.Perhapsyoushouldmanageyourtimebetter 或許你應該更好地管理你的時間managetodosth. 設法做某事10.Idon'tknowhowIshoulddealwithit.(dealt-dealt)=Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddowithit. 我不知道我應該怎么處理它。11.havenochoicebuttodo 別無選擇,只能做…… 12.stayuplate 熬夜到很晚13.findithardtostayawakethenextday 發(fā)現(xiàn)第二天很難保持清醒14.ontime 按時intime 及時15.Ihardlyhaveanysparetimeformyhobbies. 我?guī)缀鯖]有任何空閑時間從事我的業(yè)余愛好(hardly幾乎不,否定詞)16.imaginemylifewithouthobbies 想象沒有業(yè)余愛好的生活imaginedoing (imaginev.imaginaryadj.虛構(gòu))17.Ioftendoubtwhetheritisworthspendingsomuchtimeonhomework.我常常懷疑花這么多時間做家庭作業(yè)是否值得Ineverdoubtthatthemuseumisworthavisit. 我從不懷疑這個博物館值得一游be(well)worthdoingsth. (很)值得做某事(主動形式表示被動含義)Myadviceiswellworthtaking. 我的建議很值得采納。18.dreamof/about(doing)sth. 夢想(做)某事dreamofbeingayouthworker19.sothat+句子 以便/為了...so...that+句子 如此...以至于...20.offermesomesuggestions(n.)suggest(vt.)=offersomesuggestions/advicetome