2022-2023學年高一英語練好基礎題Unit 1 Food for thought 演練習題提升能力

UnitlFoodforthought提升能力演練習題閱讀訓練閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AMasteringaforeignlanguage,youcangetthesejobs:FlightattendantNotonlywilltheypayyoutotraveltheworld,butyouwillalsoearnenoughmoneytoliveadebt-freelifewithacarefulbudgeting（預算）,ofcourse.Ladieswhoknowtwoormorelanguagesandarcnotafraidtoflywilllovethisjob.Therearcmanyairlinestochoosefromthesedays,sofecifreetoletthemknowaboutyourskills.FashionbuyerIfyouarclookingforajobinafashionindustry,whynotbecomeafashionbuyer?Fashionbuyerstypicallyworkfordepartmentstores,althoughyoustartyourownbusiness.Accordingto（heBureauofLaborStatistics,（heaveragefashionbuyermakesaround$61,000peryear.Ifyouworkfulltime,youmayalsogetpaidtimeoff,andinmanycases,ahealthcarepackage.GanictranslatorLookingtoworkfromhome?Youcanearnprettymuchifyoubecomeagametranslator.Translatinggamesisalotmoreinterestingthantranslatinglegaltexts.Withagreatnumberofgamesappearingeveryday,youwillalwayshavewhattotranslate.Justmakesureyouknowthatlanguagewell.Dependingonthelocation,company,industry,andyourexperience,youcancamupto$51,000peryear.PhotographerAlthoughyoudonothavetospeakwelltoshootwell,todaymostcompaniesarelookingforphotographerswhoknowforeignlanguagesandarereadytotravelaroundtheworld.Getpaidtotravelanddothejobyouarecrazyabout,withoutworkingtoohard.Foreignjournalist（記者）Foreignjournalistsarcinhighdemandtoday.Ifyouarcajournalistwhocanspeakalanguageotherthanyournativeone,whynotapplyforaforeignjournalist?Eventhoughthiscareerchoicehasitsrisks,itisaninterestingjobthatisparticularlyperfectfbrsinglepeople.Theaveragesalaryis$65,000peryear,thoughsomejournalistsearn$100,000peryear.Flightattendantisanicejobbecauseof.chancestoknowtwoormorelanguageschancestoenjoybeautifulscenesbusyworkandmuchmoremoneylifewithoutworryingaboutmoneyWhatjobscanyouchooseifyoumasteraforeignlanguageaswellasliketravelling?Flightattendant&gametranslator.Gametranslator&photographer.Flightattendant&photographer.Foreignjournalist&gametranslator.Ifyouareanunmarriedpersonandloveadventures,you'dbetterchoosetoworkasa.A.photographerB.foreignjournalistC.fashionbuyerD.gametranslatorBStandingontheedgeoftheplane,mytandemskydiving（雙人般匕傘）instructor,Bill,asked"Doyouhaveanylastwords?""Yes,"Isaid,joking."1hopemyparachuteopens."I'dneverfeltmorealiveasBillandIsteppedoutandstartedourfreefall.Thosefirstfewsecondswereamazing.Aswereached4,000feet,Ifeltaparachuteopenaboveus.This,Iwastold,wouldslowusdownforasmoothdescent（卜降）.Sowhywerewestilltravelingsofast?Ilookedup：Theparachutewasfloppingunopenedinthewind.Istartedtofreakout.IcouldhearBillswearingashetriedtofixwhateverhadgonewrong.Secondspassed,whichfeltlikeforever,untilfinallyouremergencyparachuteopened.Exceptitgotcaughtinthefirstone,makingbothparachutesuseless.IaskedBilk"Arewegoingtodie?"Hesaidhedidn'tknow.Atthatmoment,Ijustfeltguilty.I'dbroughtmyfamilyalongfortheday.I'dinvitedthemalongtowatchmedie.Wehittheground.Iwasimmediatelybreathless,andanunimaginablepainshotupmybackaswebouncedintoalakeonagolfcourse（高爾夫球場）.Gatheringallmystrength,1turnedtofaceBill.Hestartedscreaming.Wewerefoundbysomegolfers.MymotherandsistercrieduncontrollablyasBillwasputintoahelicopter,andIwasplacedintoanambulance.Thenextfourorfivemonthswereintense.Ihadbrokenmyback.Afterbeingdischarged（出院）fromthehospital,Ilockedmyselfinmybedroomandtookpainkillers.Ibecameterrifiedoftheoutsideworld.Afteryearsoftherapy（治療）andhardwork,thedeepphysicalandmentalpainishealing.IheardthatBillmadeafullrecoveryandreturnedtoskydiving.IwasalwaysterrifiedofbeingmyselfanddoingthethingsIwanted.NowI'velearnedthatIneedtobefearless.There'snothinglikefallingfrom15,000feetwithoutaparachuteandsurvivingtoforceyoutomakethemostofeveiyday.Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforeskydiving?A.Worried.B.Excited.C.Terrified.D.Guilty.Whathappenedduringthetandemskydiving?Billdidn'topentheparachuteintime.Theauthorstayedcalm（hewholelime.Somethingwentwrongwiththeparachutes.Theauthorcouldn'tbreatheduring（hefreefall.Howdidtheaccidentinlluencetheauthor?Hehadconstantpaininhishead.Hebecamecrazyaboutextremesports.Hedevelopedaseriousmentalproblem.Hebecamemoreconfidentinhimself.

Whatdidtheauthoreventuallyrealize?Safetyfirst.B.Fearcanleadtofailure.C.Cooperationmatters.D.Seizeandcherisheveryday.CInMay1987theGoldenGateBridgehada50thbirthdayparty.Thebridgewasclosedtomotortrafficsopeoplecouldenjoyawalkacrossit.Organizersexpectedperhaps50,000peopletoshowup.Instead,asmanyas8(X),(X)0crowdedtheroadstothebridge.Bythetime250>(X)0wereonthebridge,engineersnoticedsomethingterrible：theroadwaywasflatteningunderwhatturnedouttobetheheaviestloadithadeverbeenaskedtocarry.Worse,itwasbeginningtosway(晃動).Theauthoritiesclosedaccesstothebridgeandtensofthousandsofpeoplemadetheirwaybacktoland.Adisasterwasavoided.ThestoryisoneofscoresinToForgiveDesign：UnderstandingFailure,abookthatisatoncealovelettertoengineeringandapaean(贊歌)toitsbreakdowns.Itsauthor,Dr.HenryPetroski,haslongbeenwritingaboutdisasters.Inthisbook,heincludesthelossofthespaceshuttles(航天飛機)ChallengerandColumbia,and(hesinkingoftheTitanic.Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong,inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur.Sometimesdevicesfailbecauseagooddesignisconstructedwithlowqualitymaterialsincompetentlyapplied.Orperhapsadesignworkssowellitisadoptedelsewhereagainandagain,withseeminglyharmlessimprovements,until,suddenly,itdoesnotworkatallanymore.Readerswillencounternotonlystoriestheyhaveheardbefore,butsomenewstoriesandamovingdiscussionoftheresponsibilityoftheengineertothepublicandthewaysyoungengineerscanbehelpedtograspthem."Successissuccessbutthatisallthatitis,"Dr.Petroskiwrites.Itisfailurethatbringsimprovement.WhathappenedtotheGoldenGateBridgeonits50thbirthday?A.Itcarriedmoreweight(hanitcould.Itswayedviolentlyinastrongwind.Itsroadwaywasdamagedbyvehicles.Itsaccesswasblockedbymanypeople.9.WhichofthefollowingisDr.Pctroski'sideaaccordingtoparagraph3?9.A.Nodesigniswellreceivedeverywhere.Constructionismoreiinporlantthandesign.Notalldisastersarecausedbyengineeringdesign.Improvementsonengineeringworksarenecessary.10Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?10A.Failurecanlead(oprogress.Successresultsinoverconfidence.C.Failureshouldbeavoided.D.Successcomesfromjointefforts.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport.B.Ashortstory.Abookreview.D.Aresearcharticle.DMovingflighttimefromnighttodaycouldreduceairtravel'scontributionstoglobalwarming,anewstudysuggests.Schedulingmoredaytimeflightsmayreducetheinfluenceofcontrails—thevisiblelinesofwhitesteamthatmanyplanesleavebehindtheminthesky.Theroleofcontrailsinclimatechangeisstillbeingstudied,butsomescientistsbelievetheycontributetothegreenhouseeffectbytrappingheatintheatmosphere.NicolaStuber,firstauthorofthestudy,suggeststhatcontrails'overallimpactonclimatechangeisalmostasbigasthatofaircraft'scarbondioxideemissions（排放）overahundred-yearperiod.Aircraftarebelievedtoberesponsiblefor2%—3%ofhumancarbondioxideemissions.Likeotherhigh,thinclouds?contrailsrefleclsunlightbackintospaceandcooltheplanet.However,theyalsotrapenergyintheatmosphereandincreasethewarmingeffect.Stuberandotherscientistsbelievethattheeffectofthecontrailsisbig."Onaverage,thegreenhouseeffectcontrolstheeffectsofcontrails,"saidStuber,ameteorologistatEngland'sUniversityofReading.€'Thcwarmingeffectisfargreaterforcontrailsleftbynightflights,“Stuberadded.4iThecoolingeffectonlyhappensduringthedaywhenthesunisup.During（henightthegreenhousewarmingisnolongerbalancedandthatiswhythecontributionofnightflightissolarge/'Mostcommercialairlinetrafficoccursduringdaylighthours.Forexample,onlyoneinfourUnitedKingdomflightsisanightflight,butthoseflightscreatesome60%ofthewarmingcreatedbycontrails,thestudyreports.12.Howdocontrailsincreasethegreenhouseeffect?Theygiveoffheat.Theyabsorbdaylight.Theytrapheatintheatmosphere.Theyreflectsunlightbackintospace.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph3referto?A.Carbondioxideemissions.B.Contrails.C.Flights.D.Thinclouds.WhatdidStuberexplainaboutthecontrailsinParagraph4?Whattheirfunctionis.HowtheycooltheEarth.Whytheycreatebigwarmingalnight.Howbigtheireffectis.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?AirlinesShouldScheduleFlightsNightFlightsFaceaNewChallengeAirplaneContributesMosttoGlobalWarmingMoreDayFlightsMayReduceGlobalWarming第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Manypeoplebelievethatthereissometruthinthesaying“Laughteristhebestmedicine."1Laughterhelpsrelievepain?strengthentheimmunesystemandreducestress.Laughterstimulates（激發(fā)）hormoneswhichmakeusfeelhappy.Laughteralsoincreasestheflowofbloodthroughoutthebodyandhasbenefitswhicharcsimilarto（heonesyougetbydoingexercise.2Childrenexposedtofunnyfilmsandcartoonsbeforemajormedicalproceduresareabletocopebetterwithpainandanxiety.3Theseareprofessionalclownswhoaresent（ohospitalsandwardsloentertainanddistractsickchildren.Laughtertherapyhasbecomeverypopularinrecentyearsandasaresult,moreandmorelaughterclubsarcstartingtoopenupincitiesandtownsallovertheworld.Atalaughtersession,atrainedtherapistinstructsthegrouptoperformaseriesofexerciseswhicharedesignedtoproducelaughter.4Andittakesthemsometimetogetridoftheirinhibitions（心理抑制）.Theymightevenstartoffwithfakelaughter,butthisdoesn'tmatterbecauseourbodiescan'ttellthedifference,andtheresultsarethesame.Moreover,laughteriscontagious（傳染的）.5Sonexttimeyoufeelill.stressedoutordepressed,trywatchingafunnyfilmortryrememberinganamusingincidentinyourlife.Youwillsoonfeelbetter.Ifonepersonstartsgiggling,itisunavoidablethateveiyoneelsewillbedrawnin.Laughterhelpsyoufocus.Thisfindinghasledtoso-calledclowndoctors.Infact?researchdonebyscientistshasshownthatlaughterhasalotofhealthbenefits.Laughtermakestheworldabetterandmorecolorfulplace.Somepeoplemayfindtheideaembarrassingatfirst.Usinglaughtertherapyinchildren'shospitalshasproventobeinvaluable.完型填空第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Susanhadlongblondehairandbigblueeyes.Sodidmostoftheother1inherschoolclass,whichtroubledheralot//Ilooklikeeveryoneelse!Tmnotspecial!Tmboring!”Susan2tohermother.Shedecidedtotrytomakeherselflook3.Shepaintedbigpinkspotsonherneckandwhenshedidn'tgetattention,shestuckalongplasticnoseontopofherrealnose.Nobodynoticedthat,4.Shetookink（墨水）andpoureditalloverher5.Sheworeclown（小丑）clothestoschoolandstuckleavesinherears.6nomatterwhatshedid,shestilldidn'tgetany7andnobodythoughtshewasspecial.Onemorningher8wenttowakeherupandtoldhertogetreadyforschool.ShemadeSusan9theinkoutofherhairandcleanherneck."I*mnotgoingtoschool10!I'mboring!”Sheburied（埋藏）herhead11thequiltandcried."Susan"hermothersaid"Youaredifferent.Youareunique(獨一無二)andspecial12intheworldlooksjustlikeyou.Somepeoplehaveblondehairlikeyouandsomehaveblueeyeslikeyou,butnoneofthemhasyoursmileorthetwinkleinyoureyesoryourpinkface.Nobodylaughslikeyou,either.Now13andgetreadyforschool"Susanwenttoschoolthatdayandlookedatalltheotherkidsinherclass."Momwas14.Nobodylooksjustlikeme."Susansmiled."Iamspecial.IamuniqueandIamnot15!"語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分)1.A.childrenB.boysC.menD.women2.A.complainedB.listenedC.talkedD.spoke3.A.beautifulB.simpleC.differentD.happy4.A.tooB.eitherC.alsoD.neither5.A.neckB.noseC.eyesD.hair6.A.ThoughB.SoC.ButD.And7.A.attentionB.helpC.prizeD.answer8.A.fatherB.motherC.sisterD.brother9.A.pullB.washC.throwD.turn10.A.tomorrowB.nextweekC.nextyearD.today11.A.underB.onC.beforeD.beside12.A.EverybodyB.SomebodyC.NobodyD.Anybody13.A.getupB.getoffC.putupD.putoff14.A.wrongB.rightC.specialD.common15.A.movingB.interestingC.tiringD.boring閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。ThegameofGo(圍棋)isanimportantboardgamewithoriginsinChinafrommorethan4,000yearsago.InChina,Go1.(recognize)as“handconversations“aswelLthroughwhichplayerscommunicatewitheachother.2.otherwords,they“talk”throughtheplacingofpiecesontheboard.Themetaphor(比n俞)first3.(use)byZhiDaolin,aBuddhistmasteroftheJinDynasty,reflectsthenatureofthegame.Whilescholarsofhistimeoftenlost4.(they)inphilosophical(哲學的)debatesonlifeanduniverse,hepreferredtoplayGo5.hebelievedwasfullofhowsandvvhysoflife.MasterGoplayersoftenfeelasiftheywereplayingareal-lifegame：sometimesonecanmoveforward,whileatothertimes,onemustslowdown：sometimesonecan6.(direct)facethechallenger,atothertimesonemustlakeanindirectapproach.AppropriateplacementofeachlinyGopieceissimilarto7.onemightsolveadifficultproblemoflife.Thepurposeof8.(play)Goisnotjusttowinbutalso,moreimportantly,toseek9.(wise)throughtheprocess.Theplayersunitewitheachotherontheboard.Insteadoffightingas10.(enemy),theycooperatetoplayagoodgame.Onethoughtlessmovecouldruintheenjoyment.能力提升習題答案閱讀ADCB閱讀BBCCD閱讀CACAC閱讀DCBCD七選五1.D2.G3.C4.F5.A完型填空A2.A3.C4.B5.D6.C7.A8.B9.B10.DA12.C13.A14.B15.D【分析】本文是記敘文。本文主要介紹了蘇珊因為自己和別人長得相似而感到煩惱，媽媽教育了她，讓她發(fā)現了自己的獨特之處。.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她班上的其他孩子也一樣，這讓她很困擾。A.children孩子;B.boys男孩;C.men男人；D.women女人。根據"inherschoolclass"可知是班上的孩子，包含男生和女生，故選A。.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:蘇珊跟媽媽抱怨。A.complained抱怨;B.listened聽;C.talked談話;D.spoke說。根據上文“1looklikeveryoneelse!I'mnotspecial!I'mboring!"可知，蘇珊向媽媽抱怨,故選A。.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:她決定讓自己看起來不同。A.beautiful漂亮的;B.simple簡單的;C.different不同的;D.happy高興的。根據下文“Shepaintedbigpinkspotsonherneckandwhenshedid司tgetattention,shestuckalongplasticnoseontopofherrealnose."可知，蘇珊想讓自己看起來與眾不同。故選Ca.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：也沒有人注意到那些。A.t。。也（用于肯定句句尾）；B.either也，（用于否定句句尾）;C.also也，（用于句中）；D.neither兩者都不。根據nobody可知是否定句，位于句尾，用either,故選B“故選Bo.考查名詞詞義辨