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書(shū)山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-佛山科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Aftertheexamination,thedoctor(

)aprescriptionforme.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wroteout

B.wrotein

C.wrotedown

D.wroteoff

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。writeout“寫(xiě)出,寫(xiě)下”;writein“寫(xiě)信提出(要求)”;writedown寫(xiě)下,記下;writeoff勾銷,取消。句意:醫(yī)生給我檢查完身體后,迅速給我開(kāi)了處方。此句句意為寫(xiě)出處方。答案A

2.單選題

Painting,theexecutionofformsandshapesonasurfacebymeansofpigment,hasbeencontinuouslypracticedbyhumansforsome20,000years.Togetherwithotheractivities(1)ritualisticinoriginbuthavecometobedesignatedasartistic(suchasmusicordance),paintingwasoneoftheearliestwaysinwhichman(2)toexpresshisownpersonalityandhis(3)understandingofanexistencebeyondthematerialworld.(4)musicanddance,however,examplesofearlyformsofpaintinghavesurvivedtothepresentday.Themoderneyecanderiveaestheticaswellasantiquariansatisfaction(5)the15,000-year-oldcavemuralsofLascaux—someexamples(6)totheconsiderablepowersofdraftsmanshipoftheseearlyartists.Andpainting,likeotherarts,exhibitsuniversalqualitiesthat(7)forviewersofallnationsandcivilizationstounderstandandappreciate.

Themajor(8)examplesofearlypaintinganywhereintheworldarefoundinWesternEuropeandtheSovietUnion.Butsome5,000yearsago,theareasinwhichimportantpaintingswereexecuted(9)totheeasternMediterraneanSeaandneighboringregions.(10),WesternsharedaEuropeanculturaltradition—theMiddleEastandMediterraneanBasinand,later,thecountriesoftheNewWorld.

Westernpaintingisingeneraldistinguishedbyitsconcentration(11)therepresentationofthehuman(12),whetherintheheroiccontextofantiquityorthereligiouscontextoftheearlyChristianandmedievalworld.TheRenaissance(13)thistraditionthrougha(14)examinationofthenaturalworldandaninvestigationofbalance,harmony,andperspectiveinthevisibleworld,linkingpainting(15)thedevelopingsciencesofanatomyandoptics.Thefirstreal(16)fromfigurativepaintingcamewiththegrowthoflandscapepaintinginthe17thand18thcenturies.Thelandscapeandfigurativetraditionsdevelopedtogetherinthe19thcenturyinanatmospherethatwasincreasingly(17)“painterly”qualitiesofthe(18)oflightandcolorandtheexpressivequalitiesofpainthandling.Inthe20thcenturytheseinterests(19)tothedevelopmentofathirdmajortraditioninWesternpainting,abstractpainting,whichsoughtto(20)andexpressthetruenatureofpaintandpaintingthroughactionandform.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mayhavebeen

B.thatmayhave

C.mayhave

D.thatmayhavebeen

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.seek

B.sought

C.seekfor

D.soughtfor

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.emerging

B.emergency

C.merging

D.merger

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.As

B.Unlike

C.Like

D.Since

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.from

B.to

C.into

D.for

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.ratify

B.testify

C.certify

D.gratify

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.makeeasy

B.makeiteasy

C.makehard

D.makeithard

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.extinct

B.extent

C.extant

D.exterior

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.hadshifted

B.haveshifted

C.shifting

D.shifted

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.Nevertheless

B.Moreover

C.However

D.Therefore

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.in

C.on

D.for

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.figure

B.shape

C.shadow

D.form

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.extracted

B.extended

C.extorted

D.extruded

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.closing

B.close

C.closed

D.closure

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.for

C.in

D.to

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.break

B.breakage

C.breakdown

D.breaking

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.concernedwith

B.concerning

C.concerningwith

D.concernedfor

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.reaction

B.action

C.interaction

D.relation

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.distributed

B.attributed

C.contributed

D.construed

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.discover

B.uncover

C.recover

D.cover

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:D

第11題:C

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:B

第15題:D

第16題:A

第17題:A

第18題:C

第19題:C

第20題:B

【解析】1.考查定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,“41ritualisticinoriginbuthavecometobedesignatedasartistic(suchasmusicordance)”作為定語(yǔ)從句修飾限定先行詞activities,因此可排除A選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)。而由連詞but以及后文出現(xiàn)的havecome可以判斷空缺處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)為完成時(shí)態(tài),因此本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

2.考查動(dòng)詞搭配。seektodo表示“試圖做某事,嘗試做某事”,而seekfor表示“追求,尋找,探索”,后常接名詞作賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句子時(shí)態(tài)可確定空缺處應(yīng)選擇過(guò)去時(shí),而空缺后出現(xiàn)介詞to,由此可以判斷,本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

3.考查形近詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)emerging表示“a.新興的,走向成熟的”;B選項(xiàng)emergency表示“n.緊急情況,突發(fā)事件;a.緊急的,應(yīng)急的”;C選項(xiàng)merging是merge的現(xiàn)在分詞,表示“合并,融入”;D選項(xiàng)merger表示“n.合并,并購(gòu),吸收”。由原文可知,空缺處需修飾名詞understanding,因此空缺處應(yīng)選擇形容詞,故排除C選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng)。而由句意可知,繪畫(huà)是人類表達(dá)自己個(gè)性和對(duì)物質(zhì)世界之外存在的理解日漸成熟的最早方式之一。因此,只有A選項(xiàng)詞義最符合原文句意。

4.考查連詞的辨析。由后文出現(xiàn)的“however”可知,句子前后部分存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,句意可理解為:不像音樂(lè)和舞蹈,早期繪畫(huà)形式的范本一直延續(xù)到今天。因此本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

5.考查固定搭配辨析。固定搭配“derivefrom”表示“源自,來(lái)自”。因此本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

6.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)ratify表示“批準(zhǔn),認(rèn)可”;B選項(xiàng)testify表示“證明,證實(shí)”,testifyto表示“證明,說(shuō)明”;C選項(xiàng)certify表示“證明,保證”,certifyto表示“書(shū)面證明”;D選項(xiàng)gratify表示“使?jié)M足,使高興”。由此可知,B選項(xiàng)更符合原文含義和搭配,故本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

7.考查上下文聯(lián)系以及固定搭配。由上下文語(yǔ)義可知,繪畫(huà)和其他藝術(shù)一樣,展示了所有國(guó)家和文明的觀眾都能容易理解和欣賞的普遍品質(zhì),可排除C、D選項(xiàng)。而makeit+形容詞屬于固定表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu),因此,本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

8.考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)extinct表示“a.滅絕的,絕種的”;B選項(xiàng)extent表示“n.程度,范圍,長(zhǎng)度”;C選項(xiàng)extant表示“a.現(xiàn)存的,顯著的”;D選項(xiàng)exterior表示“a.外部的,外在的”。根據(jù)句意“世界上任何地方早期繪畫(huà)的主要()范本都是在西歐和蘇聯(lián)發(fā)現(xiàn)的”可知,只有C選項(xiàng)詞義最符合原文句意。故本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

9.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空缺處應(yīng)為主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,而由句意可知,描述的是過(guò)去的事情,所以應(yīng)選用一般過(guò)去時(shí),且主語(yǔ)theareas與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞屬于主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

10.考查連詞的使用。上文中講到“大約5000年前,重要畫(huà)作的完成地轉(zhuǎn)到了地中海東部和鄰近地區(qū)”。這是造成“西方與歐洲有著共同的文化傳統(tǒng)”的原因,說(shuō)明上下文之間存在因果關(guān)系,因此D選項(xiàng)“therefore”為本題最佳答案。

11.考查固定搭配。固定結(jié)構(gòu)“concentrationon”表示“注意力集中于……”。因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng),

12.考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)figure表示“畫(huà)像,圖形,(人的)體形”;B選項(xiàng)shape表示“形狀,身材,模型”;C選項(xiàng)shadow表示“陰影,庇護(hù)”;D選項(xiàng)form表示“形式,形態(tài),外形”。humanfigure表示“人物畫(huà)像”,因此本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

13.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)extracted表示“提取,萃取”;B選項(xiàng)extended表示“延伸,擴(kuò)展”;C選項(xiàng)extorted表示“敲詐,侵占,強(qiáng)求”;D選項(xiàng)extruded表示“擠壓出,驅(qū)逐”。根據(jù)后文through可知,本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。動(dòng)詞詞組extendthough表示“貫穿,延伸”。

14.考查同根詞辨析。空缺后出現(xiàn)名詞examination,由此說(shuō)明空缺處部分為形容詞。A選項(xiàng)closing表示“a.結(jié)束的,結(jié)尾的”;B選項(xiàng)close表示“a.緊密的,仔細(xì)的,在即的”;C選項(xiàng)closed表示“a.關(guān)著的,不公開(kāi)的”;D選項(xiàng)closure表示“n.關(guān)閉,終止結(jié)束”。closeexamination表示“仔細(xì)審查”,因此本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

15.考查固定搭配。動(dòng)詞詞組linkto表示“把……和……聯(lián)系在一起”。因此本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

16.考查同根詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)break表示“n.間斷,休息,破裂”;B選項(xiàng)breakage表示“破壞,破損”;C選項(xiàng)breakdown表示“故障,崩潰,分解”;D選項(xiàng)breaking表示“破壞,阻斷”。由后文“Thelandscapeandfigurativetraditionsdevelopedtogetherinthe19thcentury”可知,17世紀(jì)和18世紀(jì),繪畫(huà)畫(huà)風(fēng)由寫(xiě)實(shí)主義畫(huà)風(fēng)轉(zhuǎn)向風(fēng)景畫(huà)畫(huà)風(fēng),出現(xiàn)了19世紀(jì)兩種畫(huà)風(fēng)并存的局面。由此可知,寫(xiě)實(shí)主義畫(huà)風(fēng)被風(fēng)景畫(huà)畫(huà)風(fēng)打斷,故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

17.考查動(dòng)詞詞組以及固定搭配。動(dòng)詞詞組concernwith表示“使關(guān)心,掛念”,concernfor表示“為……擔(dān)心”。固定結(jié)構(gòu)beconcernedwith表示“參與,涉及,關(guān)注”,最符合原文含義,故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

18.考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)reaction表示“反應(yīng),感應(yīng),反作用”;B選項(xiàng)action表示“行動(dòng),活動(dòng),情節(jié)”;C選項(xiàng)interaction表示“相互作用,相互影響”;D選項(xiàng)relation表示“關(guān)系,敘述,親屬關(guān)系”。由原文出現(xiàn)的“theexpressivequalitiesofpainthandling”可知,19世紀(jì)關(guān)注的是指光和顏料相互作用下的繪畫(huà)質(zhì)量以及顏料處理的表現(xiàn)力。因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

19.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)distributed表示“分配,散開(kāi),分開(kāi)”;B選項(xiàng)attributed表示“歸于,屬性化”;C選項(xiàng)contributed表示“促進(jìn),對(duì)……有貢獻(xiàn)”,常和to構(gòu)成搭配,表示“有助于,促成”;D選項(xiàng)construed表示“分析,解釋,翻譯”,常與as構(gòu)成搭配,表示“解釋為”。由原文句意可知,19世紀(jì)的這些獨(dú)特喜好就促成了20世紀(jì)第三大畫(huà)風(fēng)傳統(tǒng)——抽象派畫(huà)風(fēng)的出現(xiàn)。因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

20.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)discover表示“發(fā)現(xiàn),發(fā)覺(jué)”;B選項(xiàng)uncover表示“揭開(kāi),揭示”;C選項(xiàng)recover表示“恢復(fù),彌補(bǔ),重新獲得”;D選項(xiàng)cover表示“覆蓋,掩護(hù),報(bào)導(dǎo)”。由原文句意可知,抽象派畫(huà)風(fēng)力求通過(guò)動(dòng)作和形式來(lái)揭開(kāi)和表現(xiàn)繪畫(huà)和油畫(huà)的本質(zhì)??杖碧巻卧~與express應(yīng)為近義詞,由此可以確定本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

3.單選題

Itishightimethatyou______thetestpaperand______itin.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.finish,hand

B.finished,handed

C.finished,tohand

D.havefinished,handed

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定句型。Itishightimethatsb.didsth.為固定句型,屬于虛擬語(yǔ)氣的一種,表示“是某人做某事的時(shí)候了”,句中的and為并列連接詞,因此都填動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式,選B。句意:現(xiàn)在是你寫(xiě)完試卷交上來(lái)的時(shí)候了。

4.單選題

It’sallannualback-to-schoolroutine.Onemorningyouwavegoodbye,andthat(1)eveningyou’reburningthelate-nightoilinsympathy.Intheracetoimproveeducationalstandards,(2)arethrowingthebooksatkids,(3)elementaryschoolstudentsarecomplainingofhomework(4).What’sawell-meaningparenttodo?

Ashardas(5)maybe,sitbackandchill,expelsadvice.Thoughyou’vegottogetthemtodoit,(6)helpingtoomuch,orevenexamining:(7)toocarefully,youmaykeepthem(8)doingitbythemselves,“Iwouldn’tadviseaparenttocheckevery(9)assignment“sayspsychologistJohnRosemond,authorofEndingtheToughHomework.“There’sa(10)ofappreciationfortrialanderror.Letyourchildren(11)thegradetheydeserve,“Manyexpertsbelieveparentsshouldgentlylookovertheworkofyoungerchildrenandaskthemtorethinktheir(12)But“youdon’twantthemtofeelithastobe(13).’’Shesays.

That’snottosayparentsshould(14)homework-first,theyshouldmonitorhowmuchhomeworktheirkids(15).Thirtyminutesadayintheearlyelementaryyearsandanhourin(16)four,five,andsixisstandard,saysRosemond.Forjunior-highstudentsitshouldbe“(17)morethananhourandahalf/’andtwoforhighschoolstudents.Ifyourchild(18)hasmorehomeworkthanthis,youmaywanttocheck(19)otherparentsandthentalktotheteacherabout(20)assignments.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.very

B.exact

C.right

D.usual

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.officials

B.parents

C.experts

D.schools

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Also

B.Even

C.Then

D.However

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.fatigue

B.confusion

C.duty

D.puzzle

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.there

B.we

C.they

D.it

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.via

B.under

C.by

D.for

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.questions

B.answers

C.standards

D.rules

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.off

B.without

C.beyond

D.from

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.single

B.piece

C.page

D.other

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.drop

B.short.

C.cut

D.lack

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.acquire

B.earn

C.gather

D.reach

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.exercises

B.defects

C.mistakes

D.tests

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.perfect

B.better

C.unusual

D.complete

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.forget

B.refuse

C.miss

D.ignore

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.have

B.prepare

C.make

D.perform

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.classes

B.groups

C.grades

D.terms

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.about

B.no

C.much

D.few

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.previously

B.rarely

C.merely

D.consistently

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.in

C.out

D.up

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.finishing

B.lowering

C.reducing

D.declining

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:D

第19題:A

第20題:C

【解析】(1)語(yǔ)義連接。Very修飾名詞,表強(qiáng)調(diào)。

(2)語(yǔ)義連接??涨罢f(shuō):toimproveeducationalstandards,可知學(xué)校為了提高教育水平向?qū)W生施壓。

(3)邏輯分析。此處為遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。句意:學(xué)校把大量的課本壓向?qū)W生,竟連小學(xué)生也在抱怨。

(4)名詞辨析。句意:連小學(xué)生都在抱怨作業(yè)太多。Fatigue疲勞,疲乏;confusion“混淆,困惑”;duty責(zé)任,職責(zé);puzzle困惑,迷惑。故A項(xiàng)符合句意。

(5)語(yǔ)義連接。這里缺一個(gè)代詞,指代后面的“sitbackandchill”,所以選it。

(6)介詞辨析。by表示“通過(guò)…方式”。

(7)名詞辨析。這里說(shuō)家長(zhǎng)幫孩子檢查作業(yè),所以此處應(yīng)該是檢查作業(yè)的答案。

(8)固定搭配。。keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人干某事。

(9)語(yǔ)義連接。every與single搭配,表示強(qiáng)調(diào),”everysingleassignment”意思是“每一份作業(yè)”或“所有作業(yè)”。

(10)固定搭配。alackof缺乏。

(11)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:讓孩子們得到應(yīng)得的分?jǐn)?shù)。所以答案在A和B之間。acquire意思是通過(guò)努力,慢慢地獲得(知識(shí)、技能等),而earn表示通過(guò)一番努力贏得、掙得。故選B。

(12)名詞辨析。句意應(yīng)為:家長(zhǎng)看完孩子作業(yè)后,應(yīng)要求他們重新思考自己的錯(cuò)誤。

(13)形容詞辨析。此句中but表轉(zhuǎn)折。句意:但是也不能讓他們認(rèn)為作業(yè)必須完美/萬(wàn)無(wú)一失。

(14)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:這并不是說(shuō)家長(zhǎng)可以忽視孩子的家庭作業(yè)。

(15)動(dòng)詞辨析。這里表示孩子有多少家庭作業(yè)。

(16)名詞辨析。Grade表示“年級(jí)”。

(17)固定搭配。Nomorethan不超過(guò)。

(18)副詞辨析。句意:如果你的孩子不斷地超過(guò)這個(gè)作業(yè)量,那你就要與別的家長(zhǎng)核對(duì)并同老師商討。

(19)介詞辨析。With表示“和…”。

(20)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:那你就要與別的家長(zhǎng)核對(duì)并同老師商討減少作業(yè)量。?

5.單選題

Publicgeneralhospitalsoriginatedinthealmshouseinfirmariesestablishedasearlyascolonialtimesbylocalgovernmentstocareforthepoor.Later,inthelateeighteenthandearlynineteenthcenturies,theinfirmaryseparatedfromthealmshouseandbecameanindependentinstitutionsupportedbylocaltaxmoney.Atthesametime,privatecharityhospitalsbegantodevelop.Bothprivateandpublichospitalsprovidedmainlyfoodandshelterfortheimpoverishedsick,sincetherewaslittlethatmedicinecouldactuallydotocureillness,andthemiddleclasswastreatedathomebyprivatephysicians.

Lateinthenineteenthcentury,theprivatecharityhospitalbegantryingtoattractmiddle-classpatients.Althoughthedepressionof1890stimulatedthegrowthofcharitableinstitutionsandanexpandingurbanpopulationbecamedependentonassistance,therewasadeclineinprivatecontributionstotheseorganizationswhichforcedthemtolooktolocalgovernmentforfinancialsupport.Sinceprivateinstitutionshadalsolostbenefactors;theybegantochargepatients.Inordertoattractmiddle-classpatients,privateinstitutionsprovidedservicesandamenitiesthatdistinguishedbetweenpayingandnon-payingpatientsandmadethehospitaladesirableplaceforprivatephysicianstotreattheirownpatients.Aspayingpatientsbecamemorenecessarytothesurvivaloftheprivatehospital,thepublichospitalsslowlybecametheonlyplaceforthepoortogettreatment.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,citieswerereimbursingprivatehospitalsfortheircareofindigentpatientsandthepublichospitalsremaineddependentonthetaxdollars.

Theadventofprivatehospitalhealthinsurance,whichprovidedmiddle-classpatientswiththepurchasingpowertopayforprivatehospitalservices,guaranteedtheprivatehospitalaregularsourceofincome.Privatehospitalsrestrictedthemselvestorevenue-generatingpatients,leavingthepublichospitalstocareforfilepoor.Althoughpublichospitalscontinuedtoprovideservicesforpatientswithcommunicablediseasesand-outpatientandemergencyservices,theBlueCrossplansdevelopedaroundtheneedsoftheprivatehospitalsandtheinpatientstheyserved.Thus,reimbursementforambulatorycarehasbeenminimalundermostBlueCrossplans,andprovisionofoutpatientcarehasnotbeenamajorfunctionoftheprivatehospital,inpartbecauseprivatepatientscanaffordtopayfortheservicesofprivatephysicians.Additionally,sinceWorldWarII,therehasbeenatremendousinfluxoffederalmoneyintoprivatemedicalschoolsandthehospitalsassociatedwiththem.Further,largeprivatemedicalcenterswithexpensiveresearchequipmentandprogramshaveattractedthebestadministrators,physicians,andresearchers.Asaresultofthegreaterresourcesavailabletotheprivatemedicalcenters,publichospitalshaveincreasingproblemsattractinghighlyqualifiedresearchandmedicalpersonnel.Withthemainstreamofhealthcarefirmlyestablishedintheprivatemedicalsector,thepublichospitalhasbecomea“dumpingground.”

56.Accordingtothepassage,theveryfirstprivatehospitals______.

57.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorbelievesthedifferencesthatcurrentlyexistbetweenpublicandprivatehospitalsareprimarilytheresultof______.

58.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostlogicaltopicfortheauthortointroduceinthenextparagraph?

59.Theauthor’sprimaryconcernisto______.

60.Theauthor’sattitudetowardpublichospitalscanbestbedescribedas______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.developedfromalmshouseinfirmaries

B.wereestablishedmainlytoservicethepoor

C.weresupportedbygovernmentrevenues

D.providedbettercarethanpublicinfirmaries

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.politicalconsiderations

B.legislativerequirements

C.economicfactors

D.ethicalconcerns

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Aplantoimprovethequalityofpublichospitals.

B.Ananalysisoftheprofitstructureofhealthinsurancecompanies.

C.Aproposaltoraisetaxesonthemiddleclass.

D.Adiscussionofrecentdevelopmentsinmedicaltechnology.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.describethefinancialstructureofthehealthcareindustry

B.demonstratetheimportanceofgovernmentsupportforhealth-careinstitutions

C.criticizewealthyinstitutionsforrefusingtoprovideservicestothepoor

D.identifythehistoricalcausesofthedivisionbetweenprivateandpublichospitals

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.contemptuousandprejudiced

B.enthusiasticandsupportive

C.apprehensiveanddistrustful

D.concernedandunderstanding

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】56.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章,最早的私立醫(yī)院……”。文章第一段說(shuō)到Publicgeneralhospitalsoriginatedinthealmshouseinfirmariesestablishedasearlyascolonialtimesbylocalgovernmentstocareforthepoor.(公立綜合醫(yī)院起源于殖民地時(shí)期地方政府為照顧窮人而建立的救濟(jì)院醫(yī)務(wù)室),由此可知由救濟(jì)院醫(yī)務(wù)室發(fā)展來(lái)的是公立醫(yī)院,而不是私人醫(yī)院,所以A項(xiàng)“由救濟(jì)院醫(yī)務(wù)室發(fā)展而來(lái)”錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)第一段最后一句Bothprivateandpublichospitalsprovidedmainlyfoodandshelterfortheimpoverishedsick(私立醫(yī)院和公立醫(yī)院主要為貧困病人提供食物和住所)可知,最開(kāi)始公立醫(yī)院和私立醫(yī)院都是為窮人提供服務(wù)的,因此B項(xiàng)“主要是為窮人服務(wù)而建立的”符合題意;C項(xiàng)“由政府收入支持”文中未提及;D項(xiàng)“提供比公立醫(yī)院更好的護(hù)理”,最初的公立醫(yī)院和私立醫(yī)院都是為窮人服務(wù),沒(méi)有好壞之分,因此D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故該題選B。

57.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“可以推斷,作者認(rèn)為目前公立醫(yī)院與私立醫(yī)院之間存在的差異,主要是由于……”。根據(jù)文章第二段Sinceprivateinstitutionshadalsolostbenefactors;theybegantochargepatients.Inordertoattractmiddle-classpatients,privateinstitutionsprovidedservicesandamenitiesthatdistinguishedbetweenpayingandnon-payingpatientsandmadethehospitaladesirableplaceforprivatephysicianstotreattheirownpatients.Aspayingpatientsbecamemorenecessarytothesurvivaloftheprivatehospital,thepublichospitalsslowlybecametheonlyplaceforthepoortogettreatment.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,citieswerereimbursingprivatehospitalsfortheircareofindigentpatientsandthepublichospitalsremaineddependentonthetaxdollars.(因?yàn)樗饺藱C(jī)構(gòu)也失去了捐助者;他們開(kāi)始向病人收費(fèi)。為了吸引中產(chǎn)階級(jí)患者,私人機(jī)構(gòu)提供了區(qū)分付費(fèi)和非付費(fèi)患者的服務(wù)和設(shè)施,使醫(yī)院成為私人醫(yī)生治療自己患者的理想場(chǎng)所。隨著付費(fèi)病人對(duì)私立醫(yī)院的生存變得更加必要,公立醫(yī)院慢慢成為窮人獲得治療的唯一場(chǎng)所。到19世紀(jì)末,城市開(kāi)始償還私立醫(yī)院對(duì)貧困病人的護(hù)理費(fèi)用,而公立醫(yī)院仍然依靠納稅人的錢(qián)),這一段詳細(xì)闡述了私立醫(yī)院是如何從不收費(fèi)到收費(fèi),并且因?yàn)橘Y金的慢慢累積而變得更好,而公立醫(yī)院一直都依賴于政府的稅收,很難發(fā)展。所以這是經(jīng)濟(jì)因素導(dǎo)致兩者的差異,而不是政治,立法或者倫理原因。故A項(xiàng)“政治上的考慮”,B項(xiàng)“立法要求”和D項(xiàng)“倫理關(guān)懷”錯(cuò)誤,C項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)因素”符合題意。故該題選C。

58.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“下面哪一項(xiàng)會(huì)是作者在下一段中引入的最符合邏輯的主題?”。文章最后兩句話說(shuō)到Asaresultofthegreaterresourcesavailabletotheprivatemedicalcenters,publichospitalshaveincreasingproblemsattractinghighlyqualifiedresearchandmedicalpersonnel.Withthemainstreamofhealthcarefirmlyestablishedintheprivatemedicalsector,thepublichospitalhasbecomea“dumpingground.”(由于私人醫(yī)療中心擁有更多的資源,公立醫(yī)院在吸引高素質(zhì)的研究人員和醫(yī)務(wù)人員方面面臨越來(lái)越多的問(wèn)題。隨著主流醫(yī)療保健在私營(yíng)醫(yī)療部門(mén)的牢固建立,公立醫(yī)院已成為一個(gè)“垃圾場(chǎng)”),根據(jù)最后一段講述了公立醫(yī)院因?yàn)槿鄙儋Y金找不高素質(zhì)的醫(yī)療研究人員,導(dǎo)致其變成了一個(gè)垃圾場(chǎng),根據(jù)邏輯推理,在接下來(lái)的文章中,作者極可能就此問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析,并給出如何改進(jìn)這一問(wèn)題的方案,所以選擇A項(xiàng)“提高公立醫(yī)院質(zhì)量的計(jì)劃”;B項(xiàng)“健康保險(xiǎn)公司利潤(rùn)結(jié)構(gòu)分析”,C項(xiàng)“提高中產(chǎn)階級(jí)稅收的提案”和D項(xiàng)“對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)技術(shù)最近發(fā)展的討論”都與改善公立醫(yī)院無(wú)關(guān)。故該題選A。

59.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“作者主要關(guān)心的是什么”。全文作者一開(kāi)始就講述了公立醫(yī)院與私立醫(yī)院的歷史發(fā)展與變化和直到今天各自如此不同的各種原因,所以D項(xiàng)“找出私立醫(yī)院和公立醫(yī)院分離的歷史原因”更能概括作者的意圖。A項(xiàng)“描述醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)的財(cái)務(wù)結(jié)構(gòu)”,過(guò)于片面,這只是說(shuō)了私立醫(yī)院與公立醫(yī)院不同的一個(gè)方面,不夠全面,故不選;B項(xiàng)“證明政府支持保健機(jī)構(gòu)的重要性”,文中作者也沒(méi)有說(shuō)過(guò)政府支持對(duì)醫(yī)院的重要性,所以B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;C項(xiàng)“批評(píng)富裕的機(jī)構(gòu)拒絕為窮人提供服務(wù)”,作者整個(gè)態(tài)度是中立的,并沒(méi)有批評(píng)哪一方面的意思,所以C項(xiàng)不選。故該題選D。

60.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】作者態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者對(duì)公立醫(yī)院的態(tài)度最好的描述是什么”。作者在全文中對(duì)于公立醫(yī)院的來(lái)源于發(fā)展都是保持一種客觀描述的態(tài)度,對(duì)公立醫(yī)院今時(shí)今日的處境也表示理解與關(guān)心。所以選D項(xiàng)“關(guān)心和理解”更符合題意。文中作者并沒(méi)有表示任何輕蔑或是十分熱衷,所以A項(xiàng)“輕蔑和偏見(jiàn)”和B項(xiàng)“熱情和支持”均不選;C項(xiàng)“不安和不信任”,文中針對(duì)公立醫(yī)院的服務(wù)質(zhì)量作者沒(méi)有多做描述,不存在不信任或懷疑;因此該項(xiàng)也不選。故該題選D。

6.單選題

TheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilestablishedtheICTRin1995totrytheallegedperpetratorsofthe1994(

)inRwandathatclaimedthelivesofmorethan800,000people.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.genocide

B.immigration

C.discrimination

D.election

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。genocide“種族滅絕,種族屠殺”;immigration“移民”;discrimination“歧視,區(qū)別”;election“選舉;當(dāng)選”。句意:聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)于1995年建立了盧旺達(dá)國(guó)際刑事法庭,來(lái)審判1994年導(dǎo)致八十多萬(wàn)人死亡的盧旺達(dá)大屠殺中被指控的兇手。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

7.單選題

Intheworldofbigbusiness;JamesLintonisprecociousintheextreme.Justtwoyearsintothejobofrevivingoneofthemostillustriousnamesinretailfinance,RoCom,hehasfoundhimselfakeyplayer,inoneoftherichestandcertainlymostaudaciousdealsintheindustryPTL’stakeoverofRoCorm.

PTLispaying£25ashareforRoComapproximately40percentmorethanthemarketvalueoftheshares—anditsofferdocumentboastedthat“PTLattachesgreatimportancetokeyemployeeshavingappropriateperformancerelatedremuneration.”Initiallywaryaboutthetakeover,Lintonhasnownegotiatedahands-offagreementwithPTL,whichconfirmsitsintentiontoleavehimverymuchtohisowndevicestocontinuebuildingthebusiness.Allthisandhewillnotturn38foranotherfortnight!

AlthoughLintoniscreditedwithturningRoComaround,thisismoreamatterofworkinprogressthanactualachievement.Yethedoesseemtohaveinstitutedthebiggesttop-levelshake-upinitsnear70-yearhistory,promotedsomebig-hittersamongstkeystaffandtransformedRoCom’swayofdoingbusiness.

Lintonhas,however,warnedthatthetakeoverisbynomeansaguaranteeoffuturesuccess;indeed,deterioratingmarketconditionssuggestthatthewayforwardwillbeanythingbutsmooth.Lintonrecentlyventuredthehypothesisthatbeingshareholderownedhad,inrecentyears,helpedthebusinessfocusandarguedthatthesector’sexperienceofrivaltakeoverswasnotencouraging.Indeed,therecentlyreportedperformanceofrivalorganizationssuchasMaftenLimitedhasnotpromotedtheno-Linton.

ItmayhavebeenhisideasaboutindependencethatmadeLintonaddressRoCom's900staffonthedaythetakeoverwasannounced,ratherthandoinghigh-profilemediainterviewsonwhatwasimmediatelyseenasafantasticdealforshare-holders.Heisacutelyawareoftheneedtonurturehisstaffifthebusinessistosucceed,somethingwhichisnotlostonthem.Thisisnotamanagement-schooldictum.Itisagenuinebeliefthateverymemberofstaffhascontributedtothefirmandenabledittonet£1.9billionfromPTL.OtherCEOssayheisarrogant,butthisprobablyreflectsthefactthatLintonmayfindtalkingtothemdifficult.Heisalsoferociouslyintelligent,and,whileinothersthiscouldappearintimidating,inLintonitawakesfurtheradmirationamongstloyalemployees.Theyclearlydonotfeeltheyhavetogrovelinfrontofthismastermind,andclaimthatalthoughhe’sincrediblydedicatedtohiswork,hehasanaffablemanner.

LintonboaststhatstaffturnoverratesatRoComhaveremainedlowfortheindustry,atabout12percentsincehetookoverasCEOtwoyearsago.“PeoplehavearealaffectionforRoCom,andthatrunsrightthroughtheofficehere.Theyallwantustobenumberone.”hesays.Heisawareofthepossibilitythatthecollegiateethoshehasworkedsohardtocreate,themeritocracyonwhichhethinksmuchofRoCom’ssuccessdepends,couldbedestroyedifPTListooheavy-handed.HewillneedallhisskillstokeepRoComoncourse,particularlywhenattentionhasimmediatelyfocusedonthepossibilitythatSusanMarshall,itsrespectedinvestmentchief,mightbethefirstcasualtyofthetakeover.WhateverthefutureholdsforRoCom,wearecertaintogoonhearingalotmoreofJamesLinton.

1.WhatisPTLdoing,accordingtoparagraph2?

2.WhatdowelearnaboutLinton’sworkatRoCominparagraph3?

3.WhatdoesLintonsayaboutRoCominparagraph4?

4.WhichofthefollowingissaidaboutLinton’smanagementstyle?

5.HowdoesLintonfeelaboutthetakeover,accordingtoparagraph6?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.AllowingLintontorunRoCominthewayhewishesto

B.PurchasingmajorityoftheRoComsharesonoffer

C.GivingallRoComstaffregularbonusestopromotemotivation

D.DrawingupnewemploymentcontractsforRoComemployees

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.HehasachievedmorethananyoneinRoCom’shistory.

B.HehaswidenedtherangeofRoCom’sbusinessactivities.

C.Hehastakenonanumberofnewemployees.

D.Hehasmadechangestoseniormanagement.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thecompanyislikelytofacedifficulttimes.

B.Thecompanyhaslostanumberofexperiencedstaff.

C.Thecompanyisexpectingtoreportencouragingresultsshortly.

D.Thecompanyneedstochangeitsfocustoremaincompetitive.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Heinvolvesothersinthedecision-makingprocess.

B.Hisstafffindhimapproachable.

C.Heexpectshisstafftoworkashardashedoes.

D.HisstylediffersfromthatofotherCEOs.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Pleasedthatstaffturnoverfinallystartedtofalltwoyearsago

B.AfraidthathewilllosehisjobtoSusanMarshall

C.Worriedthatthecompanyculturemightchange

D.Happythatemployemployeeshavebeensosupportiveofhiswork

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句提到現(xiàn)在,林頓已經(jīng)與PTL談判達(dá)成了一項(xiàng)不干涉協(xié)議,這證實(shí)了PTL打算讓林頓根據(jù)自己的意愿繼續(xù)發(fā)展業(yè)務(wù)(Lintonhasnownegotiatedahands-offagreementwithPTL,whichconfirmsitsintentiontoleavehimverymuchtohisowndevicestocontinuebuildingthebusiness),因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。文章第三段提到林頓似乎確實(shí)實(shí)施了公司近70年歷史上規(guī)模最大的高層人事變動(dòng),在關(guān)鍵員工中提拔了一些重量級(jí)人物,并改變了RoCom的經(jīng)營(yíng)方式Y(jié)(ethedoesseemtohaveinstitutedthebiggesttop-levelshake-upinitsnear70-yearhistory,promotedsomebig-hittersamongstkeystaffandtransformedRoCom’swayofdoingbusiness),選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第四段第一句可以知道公司正面臨一些問(wèn)題,處在艱難時(shí)期,選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第一句提到雖然林頓全身心投入工作,但是他依然給人一種和藹可親的感覺(jué)(theyclearlydonotfeeltheyhavetogrovelinfrontofthismastermind,andclaimthatalthoughhe’sincrediblydedicatedtohiswork,hehasanaffablemanner),選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。文章最后一段提到林頓認(rèn)為如果PTL太過(guò)嚴(yán)厲,他努力經(jīng)營(yíng)的學(xué)員風(fēng)氣就會(huì)被摧毀(Heisawareofthepossibilitythatthecollegiateethoshehasworkedsohardtocreate,themeritocracyonwhichhethinksmuchfRoCom’ssuccessdepends,couldbedestroyedifPTListooheavy-handeD.,由此可知他是害怕公司文化會(huì)改變,選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

TheDepartmentofTransportationandCommunications(DOTC.will()thepurchaseof48newLightRailVehicles(LRV)fortheMetroRailTransit(MRT).

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.proceedwith

B.proceedfrom

C.prevailover

D.presideover

【答案】A

【解析】A選項(xiàng)proceedwith表示“繼續(xù)進(jìn)行”;B選項(xiàng)proceedfrom表示“從……出發(fā)”;C選項(xiàng)prevailover表示“勝過(guò),占優(yōu)勢(shì)”;D選項(xiàng)presideover表示“主持,負(fù)責(zé)”。由原句句意可知,交通運(yùn)輸部(DOTC.將為地鐵(MRT)()_采購(gòu)48輛新的輕軌車輛(LRV)。所以,只有A選項(xiàng)最符合原文句意。故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

OilcompaniesintheU.S.arealreadybeginningtofeelthepressure.Refineryworkers’andpetroleum-equipment-manufacturing,employeesarebeing____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.laidout

B.laidoff

C.laiddown

D.laidaside

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.laidout展示;安排B.laidoff解雇;休息

C.laiddown放下;制定D.laidaside擱置;儲(chǔ)蓄

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意:美國(guó)的石油公司已經(jīng)開(kāi)始感受到壓力。煉油工人和石油設(shè)備制造業(yè)的雇員正在被……。根據(jù)邏輯,公司受到壓力時(shí),有可能進(jìn)行裁員,因此這些雇傭員工可能被解雇。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】美國(guó)的石油公司已經(jīng)開(kāi)始感受到壓力。煉油工人和石油設(shè)備制造業(yè)的雇員正在被解雇。

10.單選題

Theyareconsidering(

)thehousebeforethepricesgodown.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.selling

B.ofselling

C.tosell

D.overselling

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。動(dòng)詞consider后可接名詞或動(dòng)名詞,后接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)通常要帶how、where、who之類的疑問(wèn)詞,因此選A。句意:他們正考慮在價(jià)格下降之前賣掉房子。

11.單選題

Thecompanymademoreprofitinthatonemonththanitmadeinthewholeofthe()year.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.previously

B.proceeding

C.preceding

D.unpreceding

【答案】C

【解析】形近異義詞辨析。previously“以前”;proceeding“程序,訴訟”;preceding“在前的,先前的”;unpreceding“空前的,前所未有的”。句意:公司在那一個(gè)月創(chuàng)造的收益比整個(gè)前年的多。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

We’ll(

)youforanydamagedonetoyourhousewhileweareinit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compensate

B.remedy

C.supplement

D.retrieve

【答案】A

【解析】句意:居住期間對(duì)你房子所造成的任何損壞,我們都會(huì)賠償你。

動(dòng)詞辨析。compensate賠償,補(bǔ)償;remedy改進(jìn),補(bǔ)救;supplement補(bǔ)充;retrieve取回,索回。故A符合句意。

13.單選題

Manyyearshad______beforetheyreturnedtotheiroriginalurbanareas.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.floated

B.elapsed

C.skipped

D.proceeded

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.floated浮動(dòng),漂流B.elapsed(時(shí)間)消逝,流逝

C.skipped蹦蹦跳跳地走D.proceeded繼續(xù)做(或從事、進(jìn)行)

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)manyyears(許多年)可知,此處表示“時(shí)間的消逝”,所以該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】許多年過(guò)去了,他們才回到原來(lái)的城市地區(qū)。

14.單選題

Astheclerk()preparedmymilkshake,Iwonderedhowlongshehadbeenworkingthere,()makingicecreamtreatsinasetorderofsteps.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.logically...incautiously

B.methodically...mindlessly

C.systematically...carefully

D.synthetically...casually

【答案】B

【解析】副詞詞義辨析。logically“合乎邏輯”;incautiously“魯莽地”;methodically“有條理地”;mindlessly“不費(fèi)心思地”;systematically“有系統(tǒng)地”;carefully“小心地”;synthetically“綜合地”;casually“隨意地”。句意:當(dāng)?shù)陠T有條不紊地為我準(zhǔn)備奶昔時(shí),我想知道她已經(jīng)在那里工作多久了,她不費(fèi)心思地按一定的步驟制作冰淇淋。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

15.單選題

Maryonce___withanothermusiciantocomposeapieceofpopmusic.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.merged

B.collaborated

C.coincided

D.constituted

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.merged(尤指商業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu))合并;(使)融合,逐漸消失B.collaborated合作

C.coincided一致;符合;同時(shí)發(fā)生D.constituted組成;構(gòu)成

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格后有with表示和……一起,表伴隨。根據(jù)邏

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