高級(jí)英語(yǔ)Lesson2Marrakech課后練習(xí)級(jí)

高級(jí)英語(yǔ)Lesson2Marrakech課后練習(xí)級(jí)答案高級(jí)英語(yǔ)Lesson2Marrakech課后練習(xí)級(jí)答案高級(jí)英語(yǔ)Lesson2Marrakech課后練習(xí)級(jí)答案EXERCISES2.Writeshortnoteson:MarrakechandMorocco.SuggestedReferenceBooks[SRB]anystandardgazetteerEncyclopaediaBritannica.Questionsoncontent:1.Insteadoftellingthereaderthatthenativesarepoor,Orwellshowspovertyinatleastfiveways.Identifythem.HowarepeopleburiedinMarrakech?Explainthesentence,"Allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthatfact."(para3)Whatdoyouthinkmedievalghettoeswerelike?Whydoesthewritersay,"AgoodjobHitlerwasn'there"?6.Whatkindofpeople,accordingtoOrwell,arepartlyinvisible?Whydoeshestressthispoint?HowwaslandcultivatedinMorocco?Whywastheoldwomansurprisedwhenthewritergaveherafive-soupiece?9.Whatdideverywhitemanthinkwhenhesawablackarmymarchingpast?.Questionsonappreciation:Thethingsofvalue,Orwellsaysin"WhyIWrite,"arealwayspolitical.Isthisessaypolitical?Hasthewritersaidanythingofvalue?2.Orwelldescribeshumansufferingandmiseryratherobjectively.Howthencanyoutellthatheisoutragedatthespectacleofmisery?3.Whydoesthewriterrevealhisfeelingsaboutthedonkeysbutconcealhisfeelingsaboutthepeople?,Whateffectdoesthiscontrasthaveonthereader?Couldparas4-7justaswellcomeafter8-15asbefore?Couldothergroupsofparagraphsberearranged?Whatdoesthisindicateabouttheorganization?Whatgivestheessaycoherence?Doesthisessaygivereadersanewinsightintoimperialism?Hasthewritersucceededinshowingthatimperialismisan"evilthing"?CommentonOrwell'slucidstyleandfineattentiontosignificantdescriptivedetails..Paraphrase:Theburying-groundismerelyahugewasteofhummockyearth,likeaderelictbuilding-lot.(para2)2.Allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthatfact.(para3)3.TheyriseoutOftheearth,theysweatandstarveforafewyears,andthentheysinkbackintothenamelessmoundsofthegraveyard(para3)4.Acarpentersitscrossleggedataprehistoriclathe,turningchair-legsatlightningspeed.(para9)Instantly,fromthedarkholesallround,therewasafrenziedrushofJews(para10)everyoneofthemlooksonacigaretteasamoreorlessimpossibleluxury(para10)Still,awhiteskinisalwaysfairlyconspicuous.(para16)Inatropicallandscapeone'seyetakesineverythingexceptthehumanbeings.(para16)NoonewouldthinkofrunningcheaptripstotheDistressedAreas.(para17)10.fornine-tenthsofthepeopletherealityoflifeisanendless,backbreakingstruggletowringalittlefoodoutofanerodedsoil(para17)Sheacceptedherstatusasanoldwoman,thatistosayasabeastofburden.(para19)Peoplewithbrownskinsarenextdoortoinvisible.(para21)Theirsplendidbodieswerehiddeninreach-me-downkhakiuniforms(para23)Howlongbeforetheyturntheirgunsintheotherdirection?(para25)15.Everywhitemantherehadthisthoughtstowedsomewhereorotherinhismind.(para26).Translateparas20and21intoChinese.Ⅵ.Lookupthedictionaryandexplainthemeaningoftheitali-cizedwords:wailingashortchantoverandoveragain(para2)anArabnavvyworkingonthepathnearby(para6)hestoweditgratefully(para7)hisleftlegiswarpedoutofshape(para9)astheJewsliveinaself-containedcommunity(para11)theploughisawretchedwoodenthing(para18)allofthemaremummifiedwithageandthesun(para19)theirsplendidbodieswerehiddeninreach-me-downkhakiuniforms(para23)sohadtheofficersontheirsweatingchargers(para26)Ⅶ.Discriminatethefollowinggroupsofsynonyms:wail,cry,weep,sob,whimper,moanfrenzy,mania,delirium,hysteriaglisten,glitter,flash,shimmer,sparkleSuggestedReferenceBooks[SRB]Webster'sNewWorldDictionaryoftheAmericanLanguageWebster’sNewDictionaryofSynonymsReader'sDigest,UsetheRightWordⅧ.Studytheformationofthefollowingcompoundnounsandlist5-10examplesofeach:burying-groundgravestonemid-airovercrowdingnine-tenthsanystandarddictionaryanybookonlexicologyorwordbuildingIX.Inthisessay,thewritermakeseffectiveuseofspecificverbs.List10specificverbsyouconsiderusedmosteffectivelyandgiveyourreasons.Ⅹ.Eachofthefollowingsentencesmaybemademorecompactbypropersubordination.Rewritethem,usingsubordinateclauses,appositives,prepositionalorverbalphrases:1.TheBritisharmyhadlostallitsequipmentatDunkirk,andtherewasonlyasinglearmoreddivisionlefttoprotectthehomeisland.dryprairielandwilldriftawayinduststorms,cationalprogrammaysucceed,butithastohavemorethanmerefinancialsupportfromthegovernment.havewastedtheirnaturalresources,buttheyshouldhaveprotectedandconservedthem.Caldwellfamilyopenedthefirstroughtrailandsoonothersettlerswerecoming.6.TheSmithsonianInstitutionisconstantlyworkingforabetterunderstandingofnatureforman'sbenefit,anditgetslittleornopublicity.7.QueenMarywaseasilyshakenbypassions.Theywerebothpassionsofloveandpassionofhatredandrevenge.Idreadedopeningthedoorofhisoffice,butitwasonlyforafewdays.ItwasearlymorningandtherewasafogandsoIcrawledoutandmademywaytothebeach.Ileftthedoorofthesafeunlockedandtooktheleatherbagofcoinsandwalkeddownthestreettowardthebank..Readthefollowingparagraphsandthenanswerthequestions:1)Whatisthetopicsentence?2)Hasthewritersucceededinachievingunity?Giveyourreasons.Lifeonthefarmisaneternalbattleagainstnature.Thereisalwaystherushtoharvestthecropsandtogetnextyear'sgrainplantedbeforethefallrainsstart.Togetthisaccomplishedthefarmermustbeoutatworkbydaybreak.Fruitsandvegetableshavetobegatheredbeforetheearlyfrost;henceeveryoneisbustlingaroundfrommorningtillnight.Fallisbeautifulwhentheleavesonthetreeschangecolorandthenfalloff.Wintersendsitswarmingcoveroverthefrozeground.Thiscausestheanimalstohuntforsomethingtoeat.Thereisnothing,sothefarmerhastofeedthem.Afterhisday'sworkisdone,thefarmerputsonhisslippers,reclinesonthedavenportinfrontofthefireplace,andspendsapeacefuleveningreading.Withinafewmonthsspringbeginswithitsbeautifulflowersandgreengrass.Thecowsgivemoremilksothefarmerhasmoreworktodo.Afterthefirstspringrain,thecornmustbecultivated.Assummerap-proachesthefarmerbeginstoworryforfearthatthesunwillcomeupandcookthegrainbeforeitisfullydeveloped,ormaybeathunderstormwillcomeupthuscausinghishaycroptorot.2.TherearethreereasonswhyIlikeJapanesefood.WhenIwasgrowingupIneverateJapanesefood,sincewelivedinapartofTexaswheretherewerenoOrentals,butnowIreallylikeit.OneofthebestthingsaboutJapanesefoodisthatitconsistsprimarilyofmeatandvegetables,sothatit'snotatallfattening.However,mostJapaneseloverice.OneofmyJapanesefriendshasatleasttwobowlsofriceateverymeal.AnotherreasonforlikingJapanesefoodisthatit'salwaysbeautifullyserved,evenatlower-pricedrestaurants.Everydishisaworkofart:thechickenyakitoriispresentedonagleamingplattercrisscrossedwithskewersofmeatandvegetables,andtheshrimptempuracomesonalovelylittlebambootray.FortheAmericanwhowantstoserveJapanesefoodlikethis,theseplattersandtraysmaybepurchasedatalocalimportstore.MyfinalreasonforlikingJapanesefoodisitsexoticflavor.ThereisnothinginAmericanorEuropeancuisinequiteliketheflavorofsashimi(rawfishdippedinsoysauceandhorseradish)orshabu-shabu,ameatandvegetabledishthatyoucookrightatyourowntablebyswishingthebite-sizedpiecesinapanofseasonedboilingwater.Also,fromthemalepointofview,Japaneserestaurantsareattractiveforanotherreason--thebeautifullittledoll-likewaitresses,whobowandsmileshylyastheyserveyourfood.Withallthis,isthereanywonderJapanesefoodappealstome?Ⅻ.Choosetherightwordfromthelistbelowforeachblank:fellcomedidfiredpulledfeelsaggedcollapsegoesalteredslobberedclimbedwentparalysedsettleddroopingjoltseemedimaginedknockfallingtowerreachingtrumpetedshakecameWhenI________thetriggerIdidnothearthebangor____________thekick--oneneverdoeswhenashot___________homebutIheardthedevilishroarofgleethat_________upfromthecrowd.Inthatinstant,intooshortatime,onewouldhavethought,evenforthebullettogetthere,amysterious,terriblechangehad________overtheelephant.Heneitherstirrednor_______,buteverylineofhisbodyhad________Helookedsuddenlystricken,shrunken,immenselyold,asthoughthefrightfulimpactofthebullethad_________himwithoutknockinghimdown.Atlast,afterwhat_________alongtime--itmighthavebeenfiveseconds,Idaresay–he_______flabbilytohisknees.Hismouth_______Anenormoussenilityseemedtohave______uponhim.Onecouldhave______himthousandsofyearsold.I_______againintothesamespot.Atthesecondshothedidnot_______but______withdesperateslownesstohisfeetandstoodweaklyupright,withlegssaggingandhead_______.Ifiredathirdtime.Thatwastheshotthat_______forhim.Youcouldseetheagonyofit_____hiswholebodyand________thelastremnantofstrengthfromhislegs.Butin______heseemedforamomenttorise,forashishindlegscollapsedbeneathhimheseemedto_______upwardlikeahugerocktoppling,histrunk_______skywardslikeatree.He________,forthefirstandonlytime.Andthendownhe________,hisbellytowardsme,withacrashthatseemedto_________thegroundevenwhereIlay.XIII.Topicsfororalwork:Whatcanyouinferabouttheauthor'spoliticalattitudefromthisessay?DoyoulikeOrwell'sstyle?GiveexamplestosupportyourXIV.Writeashortcompositiondescribingobjectivelythesufferingandpovertyofpre-liberationChinaorofanycity.Trytomaintainanobjectivetone,butyourrealfeelingsshouldbeev-identtothereader.習(xí)題全解.Marrakech:inwestcentralMorocco,attheNorthernfootofthehighAtlas,130milessouthofCasablanca,thechiefseaport.Thecityrenownedforleathergoods,isoneoftheprincipalcommercialcentersofMorocco.Itwasfoundedin1062andwasthecapitalofMoroccofromthenuntil1147andagainfrom1550to1660.ItwascapturedbytheFrenchin1912,whenitsmoderngrowthbegan.Ithasextremelyhotsummersbutmildwinters.Yearlyrainfallis9inchesandlimitedtowintermonths.ThecitywasformerlyalsocalledMorocco.Morocco:LocatedinNorthAfrica,ontheMediterraneanSeaandtheAtlanticOcean.MoroccoisthefarthestwestofalltheArabcountries.Rabatisthecapital.Theestimatedpopulationin1973was15,600,000.About2000B.C.itwassettledbyBerbertribes,whohaveformedthebasisofthepopulationeversince.TheArabsinvadedMoroccointhe7thcentury,bringingwiththemIslam.Fromtheendofthe17thcenturyuntiltheearly19thcenturyMoroccowasalmostentirelyfreefromforeigninfluence.Butin1912,aFranco-SpanishagreementdividedMoroccointo4administrativezones.Itgainedindependencein1956andbecameaconstitutionalmonarchyin1957.MoroccoisamemberoftheUnitedNations,theLeagueofArabStates,andtheOrganizationofAfricanUnity.Moroccansaremainlyfarmers(70%)whotrytogrowtheirownfood.Theyoftenusecamels,donkeysandmulestopulltheirplows.Inthesouthafewtribesmenstill,wanderfromplacetoplaceinthedesert.Ⅱ.1.Herearefivethingshedescribestoshowpoverty-(a)theburialofthepoorinhabitants(b)anArabNavvy,anemployeeofthemunicipality,beggingforapieceofbread(c)themiserablelivesoftheJewsintheghettoes~(d)cultivationofthepoorsoil;(e)theoldwomencarryingfirewood.Seeparagraphs1and2.Alltheimperialistsbuilduptheirempiresbytreatingthepeopleinthecoloniesasanimalsinsteadofashumanberags.MedievalghettoeswereprobablyliketheJewishquartersinMarrakech--overcrowded,thousandsofpeoplelivinginanarrowstreet,housescompletelywindowless,andthewholeareadirtyandunhygienic.IfHitlerwerehere,alltheJewswouldhavebeenmassacred.6.Thosewhoworkwiththeirhandsarepartlyinvisible.It’sonlybecauseofthisthatthestarvedcountriesofAsiaandAfricaareacceptedastouristresorts.Thepeoplearenottreatedashumanbeings,anditisonthisfactthatallcolonialempiresareinrealityfounded.Seeparagraph18.Theoldwomanwassurprisedbecausesomeonewastakingnoticeofherandtreatingherasahumanbeing.Sheacceptedherstatusasanoldwoman,thatistosay,asabeastofburden.9,Everywhitemanthought."Howmuchlongercanwegoonkiddingthesepeople?Howlongbeforetheyturntheirgunsintheotherdirection?"Theyknewtheycouldnotgoonfoolingtheseblackpeopleanylonger.Somedaytheywouldriseupinrevoltandfreethemselves..1.Yes,itis.InthisessayOrwelldenouncestheevilsofcolonialismorimperialismbymercilesslyexposingthepoverty,miseryanddegradationofthenativepeopleinthecolonies.Hemanagestoshowthatheisoutragedatthespectacleofmisery,first,throughtheappropriateuseofwordssecond,throughthecleverchoiceofthesceneshedescribes;third,throughthetoneinwhichhedescribesthesescenesandfinally,bycontrastingtheindignationatthecruelhandlingofthedonkeywiththeunconcerntowardsthefateofthehumanbeings.Becausethatshowsthecrueltreatmentthedonkeysreceiveevokesagreaterfeelingofsympathyinthebreastsofthewhitemastersthanthemiserablefateofthepeople.Thiscontrasthaveonthereaderaneffectthatthepeoplearenotconsiderednortreatedashumanbeings.Paragraphs4-7couldaswellcomeafter8-15asbefore.Othergroupsofparagraphscouldberearranged.Thisindicatesthatthewholepassageismadeupofvariousindependentexamplesorillustrationsofthepeople'spovertyandsuffering.Thecentraltheme--allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthisfact--givesunityandcohesiontothewholeessay.Thisessaygivesanewinsightintoimperialism.Yes,hehassucceededinshowingthatimperialismisan"evilthing".Orwellisgoodattheappropriateuseofsimplebutforcefulwordsandthecleverchoiceofthesceneshedescribes.Hislucidstyleandfineattentiontosignificantdescriptivedetailsefficientlyconveyedtothereadersthecentralidea"allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthisfact",thefactthatthepeoplearenotconsideredortreatedashumanbeings.IV.1.Theburing-groundisnothingmorethanahugepieceofwastelandfullofmoundsofearthlookinglikeadesertedandabandonedpieceoflandonwhichabuildingwasgoingtobeputup.Alltheimperialistsbuilduptheirempiresbytreatingthepeopleinthecolonieslikeanimals(bynottreatingthepeopleinthecoloniesashumanbeings).3.Theyareborn.Thenforafewyearstheywork,toilandstarve.Finallytheydieandareburiedingraveswithoutaname.Sittingwithhislegscrossedandusingaveryold-fashionedlathe,acarpenterquicklygivesaroundshapetothechair-legsheismaking.5.Immediatelyfromtheirdarkhole-likecellseverywhereagreatnumberofJewsrushedoutwildlyexcited.6.EveryoneofthesepoorJewslookedonthecigaretteasapieceofluxurywhichtheycouldnotpossiblyafford.7.However,awhite-skinnedEuropeanisalwaysquitenoticeable.8.Ifyoutakealookatthenaturalsceneryinatropicalregion,youseeeverythingbutthehumanbeings.9.Noonewouldthinkoforganizingcheaptripsforthetouriststovisitthepoorslumareas(forthesetrips42V．Ⅵ．Ⅶ.wouldnotbeinteresting)．10．lifeisveryhardforninetypercentofthepeople．Withhardbackbreakingtoiltheycanproducealittlefoodonthepoorsoil．11．Shetookitforgrantedthatasanoldwomanshewasthelowestinthe。shewasonlyfitfordoingheavyworklikeananimal．12．Peoplewithbrownskinsarealmostinvisible．13．TheSenegalessoldierswerewearingready—madekhakiuniformswhichhidtheirbeautifulwell—builtbodies．14．Howmuchlongerbeforetheyturntheirgunsaroundandattackus?。15．EverywhiteofficersontheirhorsesandthewhiteN．C．Os．marchingwiththeblackthisthoughthiddensomewhereorotherinhismind．Ⅴ.Seethetranslationofthetext．.1．chant：wordsrepeatedinamonotonoustoneofvoice2．navvy：abbreviationof“navigator”.aBritishwordmeaninganunskilledoncanals..．3．Stow：putorhideawayinasafeplace4．warp：twistoutofshape5．self-contained：self—sufficient；havingwithinoneselforitselfallthatisnecessary6．wretched：poorininferior7．mummified：thinandlikeamummy8．reach—me—down：(Britishcolloquialism)second—handorready—madeclothing9．charger：ahorseriddeninbattleoronparadeⅦ．cry指因悲傷、悲傷或沉痛而發(fā)出悲切的聲音.并伴以哭泣。weep更詳盡.重申嗚咽；sob指嗚嗚咽咽、一吸一頓地嗚咽；wail指無(wú)法控制沉痛而拖長(zhǎng)聲調(diào)痛哭；whimper43指像驚訝的少兒相同聲音壓迫地、斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地哭；moan則指因悲傷或悲傷而低聲地、拖長(zhǎng)聲調(diào)地哀嘆。2．mania本指狂郁精神病所表現(xiàn)出的癥狀.詳盡表現(xiàn)為喜怒無(wú)常.時(shí)哭時(shí).行為不能夠自己；delirium指暫時(shí)性精神極端錯(cuò)亂(如酒醉發(fā)熱時(shí)).詳盡表現(xiàn)為煩躁不安、橫三豎四和產(chǎn)生幻覺(jué)；frenzy是非醫(yī)學(xué)用語(yǔ).指狂暴不能夠自己。hysteria在精神病學(xué)上指心因性凌亂.表現(xiàn)為簡(jiǎn)單激動(dòng)、焦躁不安、感官和運(yùn)動(dòng)功能凌亂以及不自覺(jué)地模擬眼瞎、耳聾等。用于引申義時(shí).mania指對(duì)于某事的愛(ài)好達(dá)到狂熱的程度.成為愛(ài)好.如amaniafordrinking(嗜酒)；delirium指極度愉悅.如adeliriumofjoy(狂喜)；hysteria指強(qiáng)烈的、不能控制的感情爆發(fā).如：Shelaughedandcriedinherhysteria．(她又是笑又是哭.感情以控制。)。3．flash指突的、短而刺目的光；gleam指黑暗中出的一束定的光；sparkle指星星點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的光；glitter指由物體反射出的星星點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的光；glisten指外面亮光反射于沾水的平面上而出的光明；shimmer指由微波漾的水面反照出的柔和的光。Ⅷ．1．burying—ground(verbalnounin—ing+noun)：drinkingcup.hidingpoint.carvingsuit2．gravestone(noun+noun)：———dow—pane3．mid—air(adjective+noun)：half——market.half—pay?！?handyman4．orercrowding(adverb+verbalnounin

—ing)

：—freezing.underpricing.

——dating5．nine—tenths(adj．fromacardinalnumber+an44ordinalnumber):one-fifth,two-sixths,three-eighths,one-ninthIX.1."thread"asin"Thelittlecrowdofmourners...threadedtheirwayacrossthemarket?",indicatingthatthemarketwassocrowdedthatthecrowdcouldhardlypassthrough.2."rise","sweat","starve",and"sink"asin"Theyriseoutoftheearth,theysweatandstarveforafewyears,andthentheysinkbackintothenamelessmoundsofthegraveyard"-",givingadeepimpressionofhowthesepeopleliveashortandmiserablelife."sidle"asin"AnArabnavvyworkingonthepathnearbyloweredhisheavyhoeandsidledslowlytowardsus",showingclearlyhowashymanwalkedcarefully."grope"asin"Evenablindman.'.heardarumourofcigarettesandcamecrawlingout,gropingintheairwithhishand",presentingaclearpictureofablindmandesiringtogetacigarette.5."mummify"asin"Allofthemaremummifiedwithageandthesun"--",aforcefulwordindicatingwhatamiserablestatethosewomenarein.6."hobble"asin"'"thefileofoldwomenhadhobbledpastthehousewiththeirfirewood"'",indicatingthatthesewomencouldnotwalkproperlybecauseoftheheavyloadtheywerecarrying.7."tip"asin"""itsmastertipsitintotheditch""",showinghowcasuallyamasterdealswithhisdeaddogwhichhasservedhimdevotedly.8."stow"asin"Itoreoffapieceandhestoweditgratefullyinsomesecretplaceunderhisrags",designatinghowmuchthepoornavvytreasuredthatpieceofbread.Ⅹ.theBritisharmyhadlostallitsequipmentatDunkirk,therewasonlyasinglearmoreddivisonlefttoprotectthehomeisland.Althoughthedryprairielandwilldriftawayinduststorms,itisstillbeingplowedforprofitlesswheatfarming.Iftheeducationalprogramistosucceed,ithastohavemorethanmerefinancialsupportfromthegovernment.4.Theyhavewastedtheirnaturalresources,whichtheyshouldhaveprotectedandconserved.SoonothersettlerswerecominginoverthefirstroughtrailwhichtheCaldwellfamilyhadopened.TheSmithsonianInstituteisconstantlyworking,withlittleornopublicity,forabetterunderstandingofnatureforman'sbenefit.QueenMarywaseasilyshakenbypassions--passionsofloveandofhatredandrevenge.ForafewdaysIdreadedopeningthedoorofhisoffice.Concealedbythefogofearlydawn,Icrawledoutandmademywaytothebeach.Leavingthedoorofthesafeunlockedandtakingtheleatherbagofcoins,Iwalkeddownthestreettowardthebank..1."Lifeonthefarmisaneternalbattleagainstnature"isthetopicsentence.Thisparagraphlacksunity.Itisaba