2011年12月英語六級真題及答案解析(打印版-已整理)

2011年12月大學英語六級真題PartIIIListeningSectionA11A)Listentotherecordednoteswhiledriving.B）Cancelthetriptopreparethetest.C)Prepareforthetestafterthewedding.D)ReviewhisnotesoncehearrivesinChicago.12.A)Thewomanwillhelpthemanrememberthelines.B)Thewomanwillpromptthemanduringtheshow.C)Themanlacksconfidenceinplayingthepart.D)Themanhopestochangehisroleintheplay.13.A)Arrivingabedforthepatient.C)Acomplicatedsurgicalcase.B)Rescuingthewoman'suncle.D)Preparationforanoperation.14.A)Heistoobusytoacceptmoreresponsibility.B)Heisinterestedinimprovinghiseditskills.C)Heiseagertobenominatedtheneweditor.D)HeissuretodoabetterjobthanSimon.14.A)HehasbeensuccessfullyelectedPrimeMinister.B)Hehasalreadyreachedtheretirement.C)Hehaslefthispositioninthegovernment.D)Hemadeastupiddecisionatthecabinetmeeting.15.A)Thisyear'sshuttlemissionisabigstepinspaceexploration.B)Theshuttlefightwillbebroadcastliveworldwide.C)Themanisexcitedatthenewsofshuttlefight.D)Themaniswellinformedaboutthespaceshuttlemissions.16.A)Atanautorescuecenter.B)Atacarrentingcompany.C)Atamountaincamp.D)Atasuburbangarage.17.A)Helistenedtosomeseriousmusic.C)Hegothisspeakersfixed.B)Heboughtastereosystem.D)Hewentshoppingwiththewoman.Question19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.18.A)Provingaidtobedisabled.B)Sellingproductsmadeforleft-handers.C)Promotingproductsformanufacturers.D)Printinglabelsformanufacturedgoods.19.A)Abouthalfofthemareunavailableonthemarket.B)Thekitchenwareinhisshopisofuniquedesign.C)Allofthemaremanufacturedinhisoweplan.D)Mostofthemarespeciallymadeforhisshop.20.A)TheyspecialiseinoneproductonlyC)TheyrunchainstoresincentralLondonB)ThehaveoutletsthroughBritainD)Theysellbymailorderbymail.Question22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.21.A)Itpublishesmagazines.C)Itsponsorstradefairs.B)ItisengagedinproductdesignD)Itrunssalespromotioncampaigns23A)Thewoman'scompanyfailedtomakepaymentsintime.B)Theadspecificationhadnotbeengiveindetail.C)Thewoman'scompanymadelast-minutechanges.D)Organisingthepromotionwasreallytime-consuming.24A)Runanotherfour-weekcampaignsC)Extendthecampaignthenextyear.B)Givehera10percentdiscount25.A)CalmdownandmakepeaceD)Cutthefeebyhalfforhisyear.C)Stopnegotiatingforthetimebeing.B)ImprovetheirpromotionplansD)Reflectontheirrespectivemistakes.SectionBPassageoneQuestion26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.26.A)Theyarelookedafterbyanimal-careorganizations.B)Theysacrificetheirlivesforthebenefitofhumans.C)Theylookspotlesslycleanthroughoutoflives.D)Theyarelabeledpetanimalsbytheresearchers.27.A)Theymaycausedamagetotheenvironment.C)Theymayaffecttheresultsofexperiments.B)Theymaybreedoutofcontrol.D)Theymaybehaveabnormally.28.A)Whentheyarenolongeruseful.B)WhentheybecomeillC)Whentheybecomeescapes.D)Whentheygettooold.29.A)Whilecallingforanimalrights.Theyallowedtheirkidstokeeppetanimals.B)Whileholdingaburialceremonyforapetmouse,theywerekillingpestmice.C)Whilelaughinganimalprotectioncampaign,theyweretrappingkitchenmore.D)Whileadvocatingfreedomforanimals,theykepttheirpetmouseinacage.PassagetwoQuestion30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.30.A)Theycontributemosttoit.B)Theyoftenfindfaultwithit31.A)TidalrestlessnessC)Theytakeitforgranted.D)Theyarecrazyaboutit.C)Hearandlight.B)HistoricalcontinuityD)Esperity32.A)Theyareadventurersfromallovertheworld.B)Theylackknowledgeofthecultureofthecity.C)Theyfindthecityalientothem.D)Theyhavedifficultysurviving.PassagethreeQuestion33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.33,A)Amurdermystery.B)AfootballgameC)Apoliticaldebate.D)Adocumentary.C)Itisasheerwasteoftime..D)Itisunhealthyfortheviewers.34..A)Ithelpsbroadenone'shorizons.B)Itenhancesfamilyrelationships.35A)HewatchesT.Vprogramsonlyselectively.B)Hedoesn'tlikewatchingsportprogram..C)Hecan'tresistthetemptationofT.Veither.D)Heisnotamanwhocanhelphispromise.SectionCCompoundDictationInthepast,oneofthebiggestdisadvantagesofmachineshasbeentheirinabilitytoworkonamicroscale.Forexample,doctorsdidnothavedevicesallowingthemtogoinsidethehumanbodyto（36）_______healthproblemsortoperform（37）______surgery.Repaircrewsdidnothaveawayof（38）_____brokenpipeslocateddeepwithinahigh-rise（39）_______building.However,that’sabouttochange.Advancesincomputersandbiophysicshavestartedamicrominiature（40）_______thatallowsscientiststoenvisionandinsomecasesactuallybuildmicroscopicmachines.Thesedevicespromiseto（41）______changethewayweliveandwork.Micromachinesalreadyaremakinganimpact.AtCaseWesternReserveUniversityinCleveland,Ohio,researchscientistshavedesigneda4-inchsiliconchipthatholds700tiny（42）_________motors.AtLucasNovaSensorinFremont,California,scientistshaveperfectedtheworld’sfirstmicroscopicblood-pressuresensor.Threadedthroughaperson’sblood（43）______,thesensorcanprovidebloodpressurereadingsatthevalveoftheheartitself.（44）_____________________________________________________________.Automanufacturers,forexample,aretryingtousetinydevices(45)__________________________________________________________________.Somefuturistsenvisionnanotechnologyalsobeingusedtoexplorethedeepseainsmallsubmarine,oreventolaunchfinger-sizedrocketspackedwithmicrominiatureinstruments.“Thereisanexplosionofnewideasandapplications,”So,(46)_________________________________________________________________________.SectionBPassageoneQuestion52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.What'stheonewordofadviceawell-meaningprofessionalwouldgivetoarecentcollegegraduatetoday?China?India?Howabouttrade?WhentheCommerceDepartmentreportedlastweekthatthetradedeficitinJuneapproached$50billion,itsetoffanewroundofeconomicdoomsaying.Imports,whichsoaredto$200.3billioninthemonth,aresubtractedinthecalculationofgrossdomesticproduct.Thelargerthetradedeficit,thesmallertheGDP.Shouldsuchimbalancescontinue,pessimistssay,theycouldcontributetoslowergrowth.Butthere'sanotherwayoflookingatthetradedata.Overthepasttwoyears,thefiguresonimportsandexportsseemnottosignaladouble-diprecession—areneweddeclineinthebroadlevelofeconomicactivityintheUnitedStates—butaneconomicexpansion.Therisingvolumeoftrade—moregoodsandservicesshuttlinginandoutoftheUnitedStates—isgoodnewsformanysectors.Companiesengagedinshipping,trucking,railfreight,delivery,andlogisticshaveallbeenreportingbetterthanexpectedresults.Therisingnumberssignifygrowingvitalityinforeignmarkets—whenweimportmorestuff,itputsmorecashinthehandsofpeoplearoundtheworld,andU.S.exportsarerisingbecausemoreforeignershavetheabilitytobuythethingsweproduceandmarket.Therisingtideoftradeisalsogoodnewsforpeoplewhoworkintrade-sensitivebusinesses,especiallythosethatproducecommoditiesforwhichglobaldemandsetstheprice—agriculturalgoods,mining,metals,oil.Andwhileexportsalwaysseemtolag,U.S.companiesarebecomingmoreinvolvedintheglobaleconomywitheachpassingmonth.GeneralMotorssellsasmanycarsinChinaasinAmericaeachmonth.Whilethatmaynotdomuchforimports,itdoeshelpGM'sbalancesheet—andhencemakesthejobsofU.S.-basedexecutivesmorestable.OnegreatchallengefortheU.S.economyisslackdomesticconsumerdemand.Americansarepayingdowndebt,savingmore,andspendingmorecarefully.That'stobeexpected,givenwhatwe'vebeenthrough.Butthere'sabiggerchallenge.CanU.S.-basedbusinesses,largeandsmall,figureouthowtogetapieceofgrowingglobaldemand?UnlessyouwanttopickupandmovetoIndia,orBrazil,orChina,thebestwaytodothatisthroughtrade.Itmayseemobvious,butit'snolongerenoughsimplytodobusinesswithourfriendsandneighborshereathome.Companiesandindividualswhodon'thaveastrategytoexportmore,ortogetmoreinvolvedinforeignmarkets,ortoplayaroleinglobaltrade,areshuttingthemselvesoutofthelion'sshareofeconomicopportunityinourworld.52.HowdopessimistsinterprettheU.S.tradedeficitinJune?A.Itcouldleadtoslowergrowthofthenationaleconomy.B.ItreflectsAmericans’preferenceforimportedgoods.C.ItsignifiesachangeinAmericaneconomicstructure.D.ItistheresultofAmerica’sgrowingfocusondomesticmarket.53.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthetradedataofthepasttwoyears?A.ItindicatesthateconomicactivitiesintheU.S.haveincreased.B.Itreflectsthefluctuationsintheinternationalmarket.C.ItshowsthatU.S.economyisslippingfurtherintorecession.D.Itsignalsdecreasingdomesticdemandforgoodsandservices.54.Whoparticularlybenefitfromtherisingvolumeoftrade?A.Peoplewhohaveexpertiseininternationaltrade.B.Producersofagriculturalgoodsandrawmaterials.C.Consumerswhofavorimportedgoodsandservices.D.Retailersdealinginforeigngoodsandservices.55.WhatisoneofthechallengesfacingtheAmericaneconomy?A.Decreasingproductivity.B.People’sreluctancetospend.C.Competitionfromoverseas.D.Slacktradeactivities.56.Whatistheauthor’sadvicetoU.S.companiesandindividuals?A.Toimportmorecheapgoodfromdevelopingcountries.B.Tobealerttofluctuationsinforeignmarkets.C.Toincreasetheirmarketshareoverseas.D.Tomovetheircompaniestowherelaborischeaper.PassageTwoQuestion57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ArecurringcriticismoftheUK'suniversitysectorisitsperceivedweaknessintranslatingnewknowledgeintonewproductsandservices.Recently,theUKNationalStemCellNetworkwarnedtheUKcouldloseitsplaceamongtheworldleadersinstemcellresearchunlessadequatefundingandlegislationcouldbeassured,despiteanannual￡40mspendbytheDepartmentofHealthonallkindsofresearch.However,wedohavetochallengetheunthinkingcomplaintthatthesectordoesnotdoenoughintakingideastomarket.ThemostrecentcomparativedataontheperformanceofuniversitiesandresearchinstitutionsinAustralia,Canada,USAandUKshowsthat,fromarelativelyweakstartingposition,theUKnowleadsonmanyindicatorsofcommercialisationactivity.Whenviewedatthenationallevel,thepolicyinterventionsofthepastdecadehavehelpedtransformedtheperformancesofUKuniversities.EvidencesuggeststheUK'spositionismuchstrongerthanintherecentpastandisstillshowingimprovement.Butnationaldatamaskstheverylargevariationintheperformanceofindividualuniversities.Theevidenceshowsthatalargenumberofuniversitieshavefallenoffthebackofthepack,afewperformstronglyandtherestchasetheleaders.ThistypeofunevendistributionisnotpeculiartotheUKandismirroredacrossothereconomies.IntheUK,researchisconcentrated:lessthan25%ofuniversitiesarereceiveof75%oftheresearchfunding.ThesesameuniversitiesarealsotheinstitutionsproducingthegreatestshareofPhDgraduates,sciencecitations,patentsandlicenseincome.Theeffectofpoliciesgeneratinglong-termresourceconcentrationhasalsocreatedadistinctivesetofuniversitieswhichareresearch-ledandcommerciallyactive.Itseemsclearthattheconcentrationofresearchandcommercialisationworkcreatesdifferencesbetweenuniversities.Thecoreobjectiveforuniversitieswhichareresearch-ledmustbetomaximisetheimpactoftheirresearchefforts.Theirpurposeisnottogeneratefundstoaddtothebottomlineoftheuniversityortosubstituteotherincomestreams.Rather,theseuniversitiesshouldbegeneratingthewidestrangeofsocial,economicandenvironmentalbenefits.Inreturnforthescaleofinvestment,theyshouldsharetheirexpertiseinordertobuildgreaterconfidenceinthesector.PartoftheeconomicrecoveryoftheUKwillbedrivenbythenextgenerationofresearchcommercialisationspillingoutofouruniversities.Ontheevidencepresentedinmyreport,therearethreedozenuniversitiesintheUKwhichareactivelyengagedinadvancedresearchtrainingandcommercialisationwork.Iftherewasagreatercoordinationoftechnologytransferofficeswithinregionsandasimultaneousinvestmentinthescaleandfunctionsofourgraduateschools,universitiescould,andshould,playakeyroleinpositioningtheUKforthenextgrowthcycle.57.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofUKuniversitiesintermsofcommercialization?A.Theystillhaveaplaceamongtheworldleaders.B.Theyhavelosttheirleadingpositioninmanyways.C.Theydonotregarditastheirresponsibility.D.Theyfailtoconvertknowledgeintomoney.58.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutthenationaldataonUKuniversities’performanceincommercialization?A.Itmasksthefatalweaknessesofgovernmentpolicy.B.Itdoesnotreflectthedifferencesamonguniversities.C.ItdoesnotrankUKuniversitiesinascientificway.D.Itindicatestheirineffectiveuseofgovernmentresources.59.WecaninferfromParagraph5that“policyinterventions”refersto___.A.concentrationofresourcesinalimitednumberofuniversitiesB.compulsorycooperationbetweenuniversitiesandindustriesC.governmentaidtonon-research-orienteduniversitiesD.fairdistributionoffundingforuniversitiesandresearchinstitutions60.Whatdosetheauthorsuggestresearch-leduniversitiesdo?A.Fullyutilizetheirresearchtobenefitallsectorsofsociety.B.Generouslysharetheirfacilitieswiththoseshortoffunds.C.Publicisetheirresearchtowininternationalrecognition.D.Spreadtheirinfluenceamongtopresearchinstitutions.61.HowcantheuniversitysectorplayakeyroleintheUK’seconomicgrowth?A.Byestablishingmoreregionaltechnologytransferoffices.B.Byaskingthegovernmenttoinvestintechnologytransferresearch.C.Bypromotingtechnologytransferandgraduateschooleducation.D.Byincreasingtheefficiencyoftechnologytransferagencies.PartVClozeIfyouknowwheretofindagoodplastic-freeshampoo,canyoutellJeanneHaegele?LastSeptember,the28-year-oldChicagoresident62.tocutplasticsoutofherlife.Themarketingcoordinatorwasconcernedabout63.__thechemicalscomingoutofsomecommontypesofplasticmightbedoingtoherbody.Shewasalsoworriedaboutthedamagealltheplastic64.__wasdoingtotheenvironment.Soshe65.____onherbikeandrodetothenearestgrocerystoretoseewhatshecouldfindthatdidn't66.___plastic."Iwentinand67.___boughtanything,"Haegelesays.Shedid68.____somecannedfoodandacarton(紙盒)ofmilk---69.____todiscoverlaterthatbothcontainerswere70.withplasticresin(樹脂)."Plastic,"shesays,"justseemedlikeitwasineverything."She'sright.Backinthe1960s,plasticwaswell71.__itswaytobecomingastapleofAmericanlife.TheU.S.produced28milliontonsofplasticwastein2005--27milliontonsofwhich72.___upinlandfills.Ourfoodandwatercome73.___inplastic.It'susedinourphonesandourcomputers,thecarswedriveandtheplanesweridein.Butthe74.___adaptablesubstancehasitsdarkside.Environmentalistsfretaboutthepetroleumneededtomakeit.Parentsworryaboutthepossibilityof75.____chemicalsmakingtheirwayfrom76.____plasticintochildren'sbloodstreams.WhichmeansHaegeleisn'ttheonlypersontryingtocutplasticoutofherlife--sheisn't77.___theonlyonebloggingaboutthiskindof78.____Butthosewho'vetriedknowit's79.___fromeasytogoplastic-free."Thesethingsseemtobesocommon80.____itispracticallyimpossibletoavoidcominginto81.____withthem,"saysFrederickvomSaal,abiologistattheUniversityofMissouri.62.ArecoveredB.resolvedCremovedDretreated63..AwhatBwhyCwhoDwhen64..AcrustBunitCrubbishDessence65.AhingedBdippedCstretchedDhopped66..AinduceBconsistCincludeDcompose67.AslightlyBroughlyCbarelyDnearly68.ApursueBprescribeCpurchaseDpreserve69.AeverBmerelyCratherDonly70..AcoupledBlinedCcombinedDprobed71.AbyBonCunderDover72.AendedupBputupCsetupDpulledup73.AtrappedBadoptedCwrappedDadapted74.AinfinitelyBinteractivelyCresolutelyDremotely75.AabsurdBsensibleCtoxicDattractive76.AcivilBhouseholdCinternalDfamily77.AlargelyBstillCevenDhardly78.AdiligenceBrecreationCaccomplishmentDendeavor79.AfarBlittleCwellDmuch80.AbutBthatCwhichDwhile81.AfashionBcontactCapproachDagreement2011年12月大學英語六級考試答案解析PartIIIListeningComprehension11.M:Idon’tknowwhattodo.IhavetodrivetoChicagonextFridayformycousin’swedding,butIhavegotaPsychologytesttopreparefor.W:Whydon’tyourecordyournotessoyoucanstudyontheway?Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?【答案】A）Listentotherecordednoteswhiledriving.12.M:ProfessorWright,youmayhavetofindanotherstudenttoplaythisrole,thelinesaresolongandIsimplycan’trememberthemall.W:Look,Tony.Itisstillalongtimebeforethefirstshow.Idon’texpectyoutoknowallthelinesyet.Justkeeppracticing.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?【答案】C）Themanlacksconfidenceinplayingthepart.13.M:Hello,thisisDr.MartinfromtheEmergencyDepartment.Ihaveamalepatientwithafracturedankle.W:Oh,wehaveonebedavailableinward3,sendhimhereandIwilltakecareofhim.Q:Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?【答案】A）Arrangingabedforapatient.14.W:SinceSimonwillgraduatethisMay,theschoolpaperneedsaneweditor.Soifyouareinterested,Iwillbehappytonominateyou.M:Thanksforconsideringme.Butthebaseballteamisstartingupanewseason.AndI’mafraidIhavealotonmyhands.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?【答案】A）Heistoobusytoacceptmoreresponsibility.15.W:HaveyouheardthenewsthatJameSmeilhasresignedhispostasprimeminister?M:Well,Igotitfromtheheadlinesthismorning.It’sreportedthathemadepublicatthisdecisionatthelastcabinetmeeting.Q:whatdowelearnaboutJameSmeil?【答案】C)Hehaslefthispositioninthegovernment.16.W:Themorningpapersaysthespaceshuttleistakingoffat10a.m.tomorrow.M:Yeah,it’sjustanotheroneofthisyear’sroutinemissions.Thefirstmissionwasundertakenadecadeagoandbroadcastlivethenworldwide.Q:whatcanweinferfromthisconversation?【答案】D)Themaniswellinformedaboutthespaceshuttlemissions.17.M:Wedoalotofcampinginthemountains.Whatwouldyourecommendfortwopeople?W:You’dprobablybebetteroffwiththefourreeldrivevehicle.Wehaveseveraloff-roadtrucksinstock,bothnewandused.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?【答案】A)Atacarrentingcompany18.W:Ihearyoudidsomeseriousshoppingthispastweekend.M:Yeah,thespeakersofmyoldstereofinallygaveoutandtherewasnowaytorepairthem.Q:Whatdidthemandoovertheweekend?【答案】A)Helistenedtosomeseriousmusic.ConversationOneW:Now,couldyoutellmewheretheideaforthebusinessfirstcamefrom?M:Well,theoriginalshopwasopenedbyaretiredprinterbythenameofGruby.MrGrubybeingleft-handedhimself,thoughtoftheideatotrytopromoteafewproductsforleft-handers.W:Andhowdidhethengoaboutactuallysettingupthebusiness?M:Well,helookedforanyleft-handedproductsthatmightalreadybeonthemarketwhichwereveryfew.Andthencontactedthemanufactureswiththeideaofhavingproductsproducedforhim,mainlyinthescissorsrangetostartwith.W:Right.Soyoudocommissionsomepartofyourstock.M:Yes,verymuchso.About75percentofourstockisspeciallymadeforus.W:Andtherestofit?M:Hmm,therestofitnow,some25,30yearsafterMr.Gruby’sinitialefforts,therearemoreleft-handedproductactuallyonthemarket.Manufacturesarenowbeginningtoseethatthereisamarketforleft-handedproducts.W:Andwhat’stherangeofyourstock?M:Therangeconsistsofavarietyofscissorsfromchildrenscissorstoscissorsfortailors,hairdressersetc.Wealsohavealargerangeofkitchenware.W:What’sthecompetitionlike?Doyouhavequitealotofcompetition?M:Thereareotherpeopleinthebusinessnowinspecialists,butonlyasmail-orderoutlets.ButwehaveashophereincentralLondonplusamail-orderoutlet.Andwearewithoutanydoubtthelargestsupplieroftheleft-handeditems.Q19:Whatkindofbusinessdoesthemanengagedin?【答案】B)Sellingproductsmadeforleft-handers.Q20:Whatdoesthemansayabouthisstockofproducts?【答案】D)Mostofthemarespeciallymadeforhisshop.Q21:Whatdoesthemansayaboutotherpeopleinhislineofbusiness?【答案】D)Theysellbymailorderbymail.ConversationTwoM:Canwemakeyouanoffer?Wewouldliketorunthecampaignforfourextraweeks.W:Well,canwesummarizetheproblemfrommypointofview?Firstofall,thecampaignwaslate.Itmissedtwoimportanttradeaffairs.Theadsalsodidnotappearintokeymagazines.Asaresult,thecampaignfailed.Doyouacceptthatsummaryofwhathappened?M:Well,thedelaywasn’tentirelyourfault.Youdidinfactmakelatechangestothespecificationsoftheadvertisements.W:Uh,actually,youwerelatewiththeinitialproposalssoyouhaveverylittletimeandinfact,weonlyaskedforsmallchanges.M:Wellwhatever,canwerepeatouroffertorunthecampaignfor4extraweeks?W:That’snotreallythepoint.Thecampaignmissedtwokeytradeaffairs.Becauseofthis,weareaskingyoueithertorepeatthecampaignnextyearforfree,orweonlypay50%ofthefeeforthisyear.M:Couldwesuggesta20%reductiontothefeetogetherwiththefourweeksustentiontothecampaign.W:Wearenothappy.Welostbusiness.M:Ithinkwebothmademistakes.Theresponsibilityisonbothsides.W:Ok,let’ssuggestanewsolution.Howabouta40%cutinfee,orafreerepeatcampaign?M:Well,let’stakeabreak,we’renotgettingveryfar.Perhapsweshouldthinkaboutthis.22:Whatdowelearnabouttheman’scompany?【答案】C)Itsponsorstradefairs.23:Whywasthecampaigndelayedaccordingtotheman?【答案】C)Thewoman'scompanymadelast-minutechanges.24:Whatdoesthewomanproposeasasolutiontotheproblem?【答案】D)Cutthefeebyhalfforhisyear.25:Whatdoesthemansuggesttheydoattheendoftheconversation?【答案】D)Reflectontheirrespectivemistakes.SectionBPassageOneTheUniversityofTennessee’sWaltersLifeSciencesbuilding,isamodelanimalfacility,spotlesslyclean,carefulinobtainingpriorapprovalforexperimentsfromananimalcarecommittee.Ofthe15,000micehousethereinatypicalyear,mostgivetheirlivesforhumanity.Thesearegoodmiceandassuchwontheprotectionoftheanimalcarecommittee.Atanygiventimehoweversomemiceescapeandrunfree.Thesemicearepests.Theycandisruptexperimentswiththebacteriaorganismstheycarry.Theyarebadmiceandmustbecapturedanddestroyed.Usually,thisisaccomplishedbymeansofstickytraps,akindofflypaperonwhichtheybecomeincreasinglystuck.Buttherealpointofthecautionarytale,saysanimalbehavioristHerzau,isthatthelabelsweputonthingscanaffectourmoralresponsestothem.Usingsticktrapsorthemoredeadlysnaptrapswouldbedeemedunacceptableforgoodmice.Yetthekillingofbadmicerequiresnopriorapproval.Oncetheresearchanimalhitsthefloorandbecomesanescapee,saysHerza,itsmoralstandardisinstantlydiminished.InHerzau’sownhome,therewasmoreironicexamplewhenhisyoungson’spetmouseWillydiedrecently,itwasaccordedatearfulceremonialburialingarden.YetevenastheymournedWilly,saysHerzau,heandhiswifeweresettingsnaptrapstokillthepestmiceintheirkitchenwiththebarechangeinlabelsfrompettopest,thekitchenmiceobtainedtotallydifferentmoralstandards26Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutmostofthemiceusedforexperiments?【答案】D）Theysacrificetheirlivesforthebenefitofhumans.27Whydidtheso-calledbadmicehavetobecapturedanddestroyed?【答案】C)Theymayaffecttheresultsofexperiments.28Whenaremicekilledwithoutpriorapproval?【答案】C)Whentheybecomeescapees.29,WhydoesthespeakersaywhattheHerzau’sdidathomeisironical?【答案】A）Whileholdingaburialceremonyforapetmouse,theywerekillingpestmice.PassageTwoThereareroughlythreeNewYorks.Thereis,first,theNewYorkofthemanorwomanwhowasbornhere,whotakesthecityforgrantedandacceptsitssizeanditsturbulenceasnaturalandinevitable.Second,thereistheNewYorkofthecommuter—thecitythatisswallowedupbylocustseachdayandspatouteachnight.Third,thereistheNewYorkofthepersonwhowasbornsomewhereelseandcametoNewYorkinquestofsomething.Ofthesethreetremblingcitiesthegreatestisthelast,thecityoffinaldestination,thecitythathasagoal.ItisthisthirdcitythataccountsforNewYork'shigh-strungdisposition,itspoeticaldeportment,itsdedicationtothearts,anditsincomparableachievements.Commutersgivethecityitstidalrestlessness;nativesgiveitsolidityandcontinuity;butthesettlersgiveitpassion.AndwhetheritisafarmerarrivingfromItalytosetupasmallgrocerystoreinaslum,orayounggirlarrivingfromasmalltowninMississippitoescapetheindignityofbeingobservedbyherneighbors,oraboyarrivingfromtheCornBeltwithamanuscriptinhissuitcaseandapaininhisheart,itmakesnodifference:eachembracesNewYorkwiththeintenseexcitementoffirstlove,eachabsorbsNewYorkwiththefresheyesofanadventurer,eachgeneratesheatandlighttodwarftheConsolidatedEdisonCompany.Questions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.30.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutthenativesofNewYork?【答案】D)Theytakeitforgranted.31.WhatdoesthespeakersaycommutersgivetoNewYork?【答案】A)Tidalrestlessness.32.WhatdowelearnaboutthesettlersofNewYork?【答案】B)Theyareadventurersfromallovertheworld.PassageThree“Ifyouaskedmetelevi